Partial Replacement Of Fine Aggregate Research Articles

Behaviour of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Recycled Plastic Granules

Abstract: In this paper low density poly ethylene (LDPE) granules used as replacement for fine aggregate for producing concrete cubes has been investigated and reported. LDPE based concrete cubes were cast manually and the strength of the test concrete in terms of compression test experimentally evaluated. It is found that the strength of plastic replaced concrete in terms of compression can be comparable with the conventional concrete. The present study is aimed at concrete mix with partial replacement of fine aggregate by LDPE granules (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) that will provide an advantage in reducing the dead weight of structure. This mix in the form of cubes and cylinders were subjected to compression to ascertain the strength parameter. Hence the use of plastic granules in concrete making is not only beneficial but disposal of plastic wastes.

Expermental Investigation on Concrete by Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Glass Powder for M40

Abstract: The sustainability of the concrete industry is threatened because it is one of the biggest consumers of natural resources. The major issue facing the concrete industry is the economic and environmental concern. In this study, discarded glass is used as a partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete to solve concerns of economic and environmental significance.

Strengthening of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Stone Dust

Abstract: In refurbishment projects a great deal of the water from existing structure is generated at the demolition stage. The study applies the waste concrete from construction and demolition waste in concrete and provide a case example for the construction industry to implement the recycle, reuse, and reduce principal to aher the management policy of waste concrete. Experimental investigation was carried out of to study various engineering properties such as workability, compressive strength, qualitative and quantitative study. It high lights various combinations of recycled aggregate to match with normal grade concrete. Research project investigation the influence of different percentage of recycled coarse aggregate obtained from demolished building 30 years old on the properties of construction and demolished waste concrete. Experimental result are holds good and shows better strength as compared to normal concrete cured 28 days. This study conducts the performance analysis and optimize the overall calculation for mix design. The result indicated that larger fractal dimension of aggregate would lead to the worse appeal performance of concrete.

Mechanical Properties of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Glass Powder for M40

Abstract: Since the concrete industry is one of the biggest consumers of natural resources, its sustainability is in jeopardy. Concerns over the economy and ecology are the main challenges facing the concrete sector. To address issues of economic and environmental significance, this study investigates the use of discarded glass as a partial replacement for fine particles in concrete. At weight percentages of 0, 10, 15, 20, and 25%, waste glass powder was used in the M25 mix as a replacement for fine aggregates. After measuring the concrete specimens compressive strength and splitting tensile strength after 28 days, 56 days, and 90 days, the results were compared to those of conventional concrete. The results indicate that the use of discarded glass powder as a substitute for fine aggregate up to 15%

Determining engineering properties of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete modified with different waste materials.

Reprocessing solid waste materials is a low-cost method of preserving the environment, conserving natural resources, and reducing raw material consumption. Developing ultra-high-performance concrete materials requires an immense quantity of natural raw materials. The current study seeks to tackle this issue by evaluating the effect of various discarded materials, waste glass (GW), marble waste (MW), and waste rubber powder (WRP) as a partial replacement of fine aggregates on the engineering properties of sustainable ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete (UHPGPC). Ten different mixtures were developed as a partial substitute for fine aggregate, each containing 2% double-hooked end steel fibers, 5%, 10%, and 15% GW, MW, and WRP. The present study assessed the fresh, mechanical, and durability properties of UHPGPC. In addition, to evaluate concrete development at the microscopic level due to the addition of GW, MW, and WRP. Spectra of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and mercury intrusion (MIP) tests were conducted. The test results were compared to current trends and procedures identified in the literature. According to the study, adding 15% marble waste and 15% waste rubber powder reduced ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete's strength, durability, and microstructure properties. Even so, adding glass waste improved the properties, as the sample with 15% GW had the highest compressive strength of 179 MPa after 90 days. Furthermore, incorporating glass waste into the UHPGPC resulted in a good reaction between the geopolymerization gel and the waste glass particles, enhancing strength properties and a packed microstructure. The inclusion of glass waste in the mix resulted in the control of crystal-shaped humps of quartz and calcite, according to XRD spectra. During the TGA analysis, the UHPGPC with 15% glass waste had the minimum weight loss (5.64%) compared to other modified samples.

Experimental Study on Concrete by using Seashell Powder as Partial Replacement for Fine Aggregate and Cocount Shell Powder Partial Replacement for Course Aggregate

Experimental Study on Concrete by using Seashell Powder as Partial Replacement for Fine Aggregate and Cocount Shell Powder Partial Replacement for Course Aggregate

Effect of partial replacement of aggregate with granulated polyethylene terephthalate (pet) on compressive strength of concrete

This paper is aimed at the development of appropriate combination of composite materials such as cement, aggregates and inclusion of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) in varying proportion in order to determine the optimal measure for the optimal strength. The study also, investigated the effect of PET aggregate on the compressive strength of concrete. Mix design targeting grade 25 concrete strength, using the Department of Environment (DOE) approach was adopted. Five different concrete samples were prepared accordingly, using natural aggregate as control mix and four others which consist of PET aggregate as partial replacement of fine aggregate at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% ratios respectively. The recycled fine aggregate (PET) was processed from bottle water waste, it was crushed, pressed and processed into finely material having river sand resemblance i.e., well distributed within sieve sizes of 0.075 and 2.00. The batching was done by weight. Cubes specimens were prepared, cured for 7, 14, and 28days and tested for compression. The results of the tests were analyzed statistically using regression method (Mintab) to establish optimal strength require mixture. The results and analysis established that there were reduction in compressive strength of the concrete containing PET aggregate and reduction rates increased with increase in the amount of PET inclusion in the concrete. The compressive strength values for 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% replacement of sand with PET at 28-day were 29.70N/mm2 , 25.95N/mm2 , 24.28N/mm2 and 23.23N/mm2 respectively. When compared with the control concrete specimens with an average value of 33.08N/mm2 gave 11.38%, 27.48%, 36.24% and 42.40% reduction in strength respectively. It was recommended that, though, the use of PET aggregate in the production of concrete does not have significant appreciable effect on the concrete strength, its use will protect the environment and as well help to conserve natural resources used as materials in production of concrete elements which currently undergo excessive depletion.

Investigation on Mechanical Strengths and Carbon Foot Print of Modified Foamed Concrete

This paper describes the work of a study carried out to investigate the mechanical strengths and carbon foot print of foamed concrete incorporating with local industrial wastes. Experiments were performed to obtain a minimum 28 days compressive strength of 15 MPa modified foamed concretes by using palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and fly ash (FA) as partial cement replacement and unprocessed rush husk ash (RHA) as partial fine aggregate replacement. Carbon footprint analysis was carried out by determining the CO2emission for each constituent materials in the modified foamed concrete mixes. Although incorporation of POFA in the foamed concrete containingRHA fine aggregate gained lower mechanical strengths compared to the use of FA, the minimum compressive strength is still can be attained. In terms of the sustainability, modified foamed concrete with 30% POFA or 30% FA was found an encouraging reduction of carbon foot print up to about 30% compared to the control foamed concrete. Based on eco-strength indicator, the optimum foamed concrete mix with POFA was found to be at 22.5% cement replacement level. The eco-modified foamed concrete has good potential in civil engineering construction and environmentally friendly.

Sulfuric acid resistance of concrete containing coal waste as a partial substitute for fine and coarse aggregates

The vulnerability of concrete to sulfuric acid attack requires much attention in both design and maintenance. Taking the waste management approach into account, this study utilized coal waste (CW) as a partial replacement for fine and coarse aggregates. The use of CW as aggregate replacement materials in concrete is a novel topic. Regarding the literature, concrete mixtures with CW aggregates showed relatively similar strength properties to conventional concrete. However, the effects of aggressive environments on the concrete containing CW aggregate have not been addressed. Here, the effects of sulfuric acid attack on the key properties, such as split tensile strength (STS), compressive strength (CS), weight loss, and ultrasonic wave velocity (UWV), were thoroughly assessed. Moreover, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images have been captured to discern the morphology changes. Various CW dosages (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of dry aggregates) were used. The results revealed that higher CW contents led to more water absorption and stiffer mixtures with lower workability. The weight loss of the samples showed an increasing trend with increasing CW contents. The split tensile strength and compressive strength of samples without sulfuric acid attack were enhanced by using 5% and 10% CW. After exposure to the sulfuric acid solution, the strength of CW-concrete samples was continuously decreased by increasing CW contents. The UWV values were decreased by increasing CW contents, which induce more porosity and lower integrity in concrete elements. SEM images show that the use of CW led to the formation of Ca (OH)2 crystals that were not wet, needles of ettringite, and gypsum, which severely hurt the properties of permeability, durability, and strength.

Mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties of mortars containing spent mushroom substrate as partial fine aggregate replacement.

Replacing conventional fine aggregates with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is aimed at developing a sustainable lightweight masonry mortar. It is also an alternative solution for the current improper mushroom waste disposals. Density, workability, compressive strength, specific strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, water absorption, sorptivity, and equivalent CO2 emission in relation to sand reduction in mortars containing 2.5-15.0% (by volume) SMS passing through a 4.75-mm sieve were investigated. As the percentages of replacement increased from 2.5 to 15.0%, the density of the SMS mortar reduced up to 34.8%, with corresponding compressive strengths of 24.96 to 3.37 MPa. Mixes with up to 12.5% SMS met the minimum compressive and flexural strengths as stated in the ASTM C129 standard. In addition, the equivalent CO2 emission of the mixes reduced 15.09% as the SMS content increased while cost-effectiveness increases up to 98.15% until 7.5% SMS replacement. In conclusion, the use of SMS as fine aggregates up to 12.5% is a viable mix design strategy for producing sustainable lightweight mortar with a lower carbon emission.

Experimental Investigation on E-Waste Concrete with Silicafume

Electronic waste, commonly referred to as "E-waste," is any electronic device that is no longer useful or has reached the end of its useful life. This can include computers, smartphones, tablets, televisions, refrigerators, and other household appliances, as well as industrial equipment and medical devices. Many electronic devices contain hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and brominated flame retardants, which can be harmful to human health and the environment if not disposed of properly. Improper disposal of e-waste can lead to environmental pollution, as well as health problems for those who are exposed to the hazardous materials and is passing severe toxic waste issues to the human beings and the environment. E-waste is a growing problem worldwide, as electronic devices become more common and quickly become obsolete due to advances in technology. Recycling and proper disposal of e-waste is becoming increasingly important as more electronic devices. From then literature review it is inferred that the E waste was added to the concrete by partial replacement of Fine Aggregates. Recommended dosage of E waste as partial replacement of coarse aggregate was 10 % concrete. Minimum studies were carried out as a partial replacement of fine aggregates. To recommend the optimum percentage of E waste as replacement of fine aggregate. No effective method to prevent the leaching of toxic components from E waste concrete. The Compressive Strength, Split-Tensile strength, Rebound Number, UPV test and Durability tests was carried. Therefore, by incorporation of Silica Fume the mechanical properties such as Compressive strength and Tensile strength are improved. The increase in the % of E- waste decreases the density and hence E-waste concrete can be adopted for light weight construction. The quality of E-waste concrete improved by the incorporation of Silica Fume. which is evident from the rebound hammer and Ultrasonic Pulse velocity results. And also Durability Test results. The Optimum % of E-waste was found to be 5%. Overall, the combination of E-waste and Undensified Silica Fume develop a sustainable concrete which can prevent the unnecessary dumping of E-waste and act as a light weight concrete.

Partial replacement of cement and fine aggregates with marble dust powder and polypropylene fiber

Normally sand, cement, gravel is used as a raw material of conventional concrete. Thus, the usage of these raw materials has been increased in a large amount for that reason in future the demand of these constructive materials will get less a chance to be fulfilled and so the cost of these materials will be drastically increased. This research emphasizes on the possibilities of using waste material from different engineering activities to prepare innovative concrete. Marble dust powder as a waste and polypropylene fiber was suggested in partial replacement of cement and fine aggregates. Different papers were studied on the replacement of these waste materials in concrete. The highest strength achieved by the concrete on replacing certain percentages of these waste materials. was found According to that we first replaced the cement with marble dust then when the highest strength was achieved at a particular percentage then at that percentage of replacement it was combined with different percentages of replacement of fine aggregates with polypropylene fibre. To determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength different tests were conducted. The use of marble dust powder was proposed in different percentages as an addition to cement. The replaced percentages are 9%, 11%, 13%, and 15%. Though the replacement percentage of polypropylene fiber with fine aggregates are 0.9%, 1.1%, 1.3% and 1.5%. The compressive strength test, split tensile strength test and the flexural strength test were performed after 7, 14 and 28 days after casting them. It was seen that for 13% replacement of cement with marble dust powder the compressive strength was enhanced by 11.9% after 28 days of casting when analyzed with the blend which has 0% replacement of MDP. Split tensile strength and flexural strength were enhanced by 12% and 12.75%. When 13% replacement of marble dust powder was combined with 1.1% of polypropylene fiber it resulted 15% improvement in compressive strength after 28 days of casting. Split tensile strength and flexural strength improved by 15% and 13.5% after 28 days. M25 concrete grade is designed as per is 456:2000.

Experimental studies on mechanical and durability properties of high performance concrete with partial replacement of fine aggregate with crushed Quartzite and binding material by fly ash and silica fume

The high performances concrete’s demand growing day by day due to its mechanical properties like compressive strength and it’s durability characteristics therefore the Research on high performance concrete on its verge. The availability of natural fine aggregates are diminishing day by day there by it is the time to search for alternative. Many researches are using utilizing industrial waste in High performance Concrete. In the present study, M60 grade of the concrete was used and designed as per the mix design standards of American Concrete Institute (ACI, 234R-96). The mechanical properties of HPC, such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity, as well as durability properties, such as acid resistance test, sulphate resistance test, chloride resistance test, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, and alternate wet and dry test, were determined using specimens of regular concrete mix and modified Crushed Quartzite concrete mixes. According to the experimental findings, HPC has good mechanical and durability features when 30% crushed quartzite is substituted for fine aggregate, and the amount of binder is determined by the compressive strength of concrete when varied amounts of fly ash and silica fume are used. Optimization of admixture arrived as Fly ash 15% and silica fume 10% to the weight of cement content.

Evaluation of rheological and mechanical properties of bottom ash based masonry mortar with graphene oxide

This paper evaluates the rheological and mechanical properties of lignite based bottom ash as fine aggregate in cement mortar with GO as an additive. The annual extraction of such a huge amount of bottom ash needs a massive transfer to the field, as it constitutes a threat to the environment. The utilization of such residue as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in masonry mortar is not fully explored. Hence, an attempt has been made to utilize the bottom ash as FA in cement mortar composites, and studied the influence of graphene oxide (GO) in the properties of mortar matrix. In this study, bottom ash replacement from 0 to 60% and GO at dosage of 0.1, 0.15 and 0.20% by weight of cement were used. Compressive and flexural strengths of composites were improved significantly at GO = 0.15%. Mechanical properties at 40% bottom ash replacement level only have shown minor improvement. It was observed from the flow table test that addition of bottom ash leads to reduction in workability of masonry mortar, and GO enhanced both the rheological and mechanical properties of mortar matrix.

Producing Sustainable Roller Compacted Concrete by Using Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregate

One-third of the total waste generated in the world is construction and demolition waste. Reducing the life cycle of building materials includes increasing their recycling and reuse by using recycled aggregates. By preventing, the need to open new aggregate quarries and reducing the amount of construction waste dumped into landfills, the use of recycled concrete aggregate in drum compacted concrete protects the environment. Four samples of PRCC were prepared for testing (compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, density, water absorption, porosity) as the reference mix and (10, 15, and 20%) of fine recycled concrete aggregate as a partial replacement for fine natural aggregate by volume. The mix is designed according to (ACI 327-15) with the specified cylinder compressive strength (28 MPa). The results showed a decrease in mechanical properties with an increase in partial replacement compared to the reference mixture and an increase in water absorption and porosity at 28 days. This is because old cement mortar on the surfaces of fine recycled concrete aggregates leads to higher porosity and water absorption than fine natural aggregates. At 90 days, results improved slightly. This is due to the non-aqueous cement in the recycled fine concrete aggregate.

Study of concrete behavior by partial replacement of cement with Ceramic Waste Powder in the presence of Sisal fiber

Concrete is the most prevalent building material, needing massive amounts of cement, coarse and fine aggregate. A substitute material needs to be used as a partial replacement for cement, fine or coarse aggregates or admixtures in concrete, as the widespread use of concrete may lead to an increase in the cost of resources. In order to minimize the budget for concrete and environmental degradation, experimental research is conducted by substituting cement with Ceramic Waste Powder (CWP) in varying proportions and incorporating an effective proportion of sisal fiber. A practical solution to problems is to incorporate ceramic waste into building materials for recycling. In this project, 25% of the cement is replaced with ceramic waste, and sisal fiber is added. Ceramic waste powder is used to replace 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% of the cement, along with an effective percentage of sisal fiber. The project's design mix is M30, with a W/C ratio of 0.45. Ordinary concrete made by substituting cement with CWP and along in presence of sisal fiber as an admixture was cast and tested for compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength at 7 and 28 days and also for workability. Utilizing 10% ceramic waste and 1% sisal fiber as concrete additives produces optimal strength values. Utilization and use of ceramic waste contribute to the growth of the construction industry.

An Experimental Approach to Study the Properties of Self Healing Concrete by Replacing Fine Aggregate with Glass Powder and Demolished Waste

Abstract: Bacterial concrete is a material, which can successfully remediate cracks in concrete. This technique is highly desirable because the mineral precipitation induced as a result of microbial activities is pollution free and natural. To repair the cracks in concrete is a tedious job and in turn is expensive. So to avoid these, a special bacteria is induced in the concrete which reacts with calcium to form calcium carbonate crystals which blocks the cracks formed in the concrete. To make the Bacterial Concrete more affective in crack reduction, we used glass powder as partial replacement for fine aggregate of about 15 percentage. And construction waste is completely replaced in place of coarse aggregate.

An Experimental Research on Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Granite Powder

Abstract: The most commonly used fine aggregate across world is river sand. River sand is expensive due to excessive cost of transportation from natural sources. The use of sand in construction activities results in the excessive mining. Due to excessive mining natural resources are getting exhausted results in increase in scour depth and sometimes flood possibility. Thus becoming inevitable to use alternative material in concrete. Also large scale depletion of the source creates environmental problems as environmental transportation and other constraints make the availability and use of river sand less attractive. A substitute or replacement product for concrete industry needs to be found. Granite is an igneous rock which is widely used as construction material in different forms. Granite industries produce lot of dust and waste materials. The wastes from the granite polishing units are being disposed to environment which causes health hazards. Granite fines are used as a filler material in the concrete, replacing the fine aggregate which will help in filling up the pores in the concrete. Filling up of the pores by granite fines to increase the strength of the concrete and also a material which is abundantly to investigate the strength behaviour of concrete with use of granite fines as an additive .In this project an attempt is made experimentally to investigate the Strength and durability behaviour of ordinary and high strength concrete with the use of granite fines as an additive. Concrete is prepared with granite fines as a replacement of fine aggregate in 6 different proportions namely 0%,10%,20%,30%,40%and 50%.To improve the workability of concrete 1% superplasticizer added to ordinary strength concrete. The test results indicate that granite as replacement for fine aggregate with has beneficial effect on the mechanical durability properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength.

Experimental Study on High Strength Concrete with partial replacement of fine aggregate using polypropylene steel fiber

The present study is to investigates changes polypropylene used with various percentages such as 0%,0.5%,1%,1.5%,2%,2.5% in M25 grade of concrete. In this investigation, OPC 53 grade cement, fine and coarse aggregates were utilized. Further, the characteristics of each construction materials and polypropylene properties were determined under the laboratory tests. Afterwards, the specimens were constructed as per Indian standards then sent for seven days, fourteen days, and twenty-eight days curing, then the specimens were tested under the Tension, compression and flexural strength test. The attained maximum compression strength, tensile strength and flexural strength were 22.15N/mm2,3.81N/mm2,5.2 N/mm2, respectively. Finally, these highest strengths of polypropylene concrete, were achieved by 2.5% polypropylene used in concrete.

Compressed Stabilized Earth Block Incorporating Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash as a Partial Replacement for Fine Aggregates

This research explores the potential of using municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash (MSWIBA) as a partial replacement for fine aggregate and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as a stabilizer in the production of compressed stabilized earth blocks (CSEBs). The study investigates the effect of varying levels of cement content (ranging from 0% to 10%) and MSWIBA content (ranging from 0% to 25%) on the strength and durability of CSEBs. The strength characteristics of CSEBs were evaluated through tests such as wet and dry compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, and stress–strain behavior, while durability was tested through wetting–drying cyclic tests. The results indicated that CSEB blocks made with 20% MSWIBA content and 10% cement were able to fulfill strength criteria. Additionally, using these blocks could result in cost savings of 8% during construction when compared to using fired clay bricks (FCB). Furthermore, varying the cement content while maintaining a constant proportion of MSWIBA showed a significant change in the stress–strain behavior and a cost analysis performed for CSEBs stabilized with the optimal quantity of MSWIBA-OPC combination showed that they can be a viable alternative to conventional earth blocks, providing an eco-friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective solution for construction initiatives.