Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling Research Articles

A comprehensive framework for examining the influence of tower crane safe operations on sustainable practices in modular integrated construction

PurposeThis study aims to explore the tower crane safety factors (TCSFs) that influence tower crane safe operations (TCSOs) in modular integrated construction (MiC). It evaluates how the adoption of these factors contributes to achieving TCSOs and promoting sustainable practices (SPs) within MiC.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve this aim, the study employed a systematic search to ensure a comprehensive collection of variables. Additionally, it conducted a questionnaire survey involving professionals and utilized a brainstorming technique to categorize the different variables. Finally, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the relationship between TCSOs and SPs.FindingsThe results of measurement models indicated strong convergent and discriminant validity, with each observed variable correlating well with its latent variable. Moreover, a significant positive correlation between TCSOs and SPs was evidenced by a path coefficient (β = 0.755) and a p-value of <0.05. Lastly, the structural model revealed that the independent variables strongly influence the dependent variable (i.e. SPs) by 57%, underscoring safety's pivotal role in advancing sustainability within MiC projects. These findings provide empirical evidence that improving tower crane safety can directly enhance sustainable practices, offering a dual benefit of increased safety and sustainability for the construction sector.Originality/valueThis study makes a unique and previously undiscovered contribution to the field by identifying the TCSFs in MiC and employing a novel approach by utilizing PLS-SEM to create a unique mathematical model. It offers valuable insights into the relationship between TCSFs, TCSOs and SPs, thus contributing to methodological advancements within Safety Science and providing a foundation for future research and practical implementation in the construction industry.

When do firms respond to external pressure for environmental management? Insights from deterrence theory

Extant literature indicates that external stakeholder pressure drives corporate environmental management practices. However, in practice, firms operating within the same context often exhibit divergent responses to stakeholder ecological demands. This research integrates stakeholder theory and deterrence theory to explore how a firm's perception of the consequences of non-compliance—referred to as the 'level of deterrence'—moderates the relationship between external pressure and environmental management practices. By combining these theoretical perspectives, the study advances the understanding of why firms respond differently to similar stakeholder pressures. The conceptual framework is tested using survey data from 157 small-scale manufacturers in Ghana, a Sub-Saharan African country. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and hierarchical ordinary least squares regression were employed to analyze the relationships among the variables. The results reveal that the influence of external pressure on environmental management is strengthened when deterrence is high and weakened when deterrence is low. These findings underscore the need to reassess the certainty, swiftness, and severity of penalties for environmental violations in developing economies while highlighting the importance of stakeholder influence in driving corporate sustainability efforts.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Digital Marketing in Enhancing Tourist Experiences and Satisfaction: A Study of Thailand’s Tourism Services

Inbound digital marketing strategies play a vital role in the tourism industry, significantly influencing visitors’ decision-making processes, enhancing tourist experiences, and ensuring post-consumption satisfaction. This study explores the effectiveness of digital marketing strategies in shaping tourists’ perceptions of service quality and sustainability and their subsequent impact on overall satisfaction and behavioural intentions. This paper developed a conceptual framework and hypotheses through a comprehensive literature review to assess the causal relationships between digital marketing effectiveness, perceived destination service quality, perceived destination sustainability quality, tourist satisfaction, and behavioural intention. The empirical analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) on data collected from 195 international tourists in Thailand’s coastal regions. The results reveal that while digital marketing effectiveness directly influences tourists’ perceptions of service and sustainability quality, it indirectly influences tourist satisfaction and behavioural intentions through these perceptions. The findings highlight the critical role of aligning digital marketing strategies with service quality and sustainability initiatives. Moreover, the developed construct serves as a valuable tool for assessing and maintaining the destination image, helping tourism providers to improve their offerings and continuously foster long-term customer relationships.

Blockchain adoption factors in agricultural supply chains: A PLS-SEM study

The purpose of this study is to explore factors influencing the blockchain adoption in agricultural supply chains, to make a particular focus on how security and privacy considerations, policy support, and management support impact the blockchain adoption intention. it further investigates perceived usefulness as a mediating variable that potentially amplifies the effects of these factors on blockchain adoption intention, and sets perceived cost as a moderating variable to test its influence on the strength and direction of the relationship between perceived usefulness and adoption intention. through embedding the cost-benefit theory into the integrated tam-toe framework and utilizing the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method, this study identifies the pivotal factors that drive or impede blockchain adoption in the agricultural supply chains, which fills the gap of the relatively insufficient research on the blockchain adoption in agriculture field. the results further provide empirical evidence and strategic insights that can guide practical implementations, to equip stakeholders or practitioners with the necessary knowledge to navigate the complexities of integrating cutting-edge technologies into traditional agricultural operations, thereby promoting more efficient, transparent, and resilient agricultural supply chains.

Students’ business innovation capabilities: The moderating role of university support and entrepreneurial resilience

The high unemployment rate among university graduates is prompting universities to enhance the business skills of their students. This research aims to holistically explain the role of university support and entrepreneurial resilience in increasing students’ business innovation capabilities. To analyze phenomena and relationships between variables, a quantitative approach using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used. This research sample involved 165 student entrepreneurs who are members of the student entrepreneur community in Indonesia. Knowledge management does not significantly impact increasing business innovation capabilities. However, perceived university support and entrepreneurial resilience have been shown to significantly impact business innovation capabilities and strengthen the influence of knowledge management activities on increasing business innovation capabilities. Universities must create policies supporting extracurricular entrepreneurship programs, focusing on building entrepreneurial resilience. This can be achieved through workshops and business incubator initiatives involving partnerships with industry and the entrepreneurial community. This research provides a new perspective in analyzing higher education entrepreneurship education through a more in-depth explanation of the extracurricular activities of the student business community to build business innovation capabilities based on knowledge, institutional, and trait theory perspectives.

Digital payment systems in an emerging economy

This study investigates the factors influencing the adoption of digital payment systems in Cambodia, employing a quantitative approach with 359 Cambodian participants. The research integrates concepts from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore the relationships between perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived usefulness, public attitudes, perceived behavioral control, financial literacy, and the adoption of digital payment systems. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study identifies a significant positive relationship between PEU and attitudes toward digital payment systems, corroborating the TAM's assertion that ease of use is a crucial determinant in technology acceptance. The findings also highlight the critical role of perceived usefulness, extending its implications to include convenience, security, and transactional efficiency. The study underscores the influence of public attitudes and perceived behavioral control on adopting digital payment systems, particularly in an emerging economy. In addition, it reveals the impact of financial literacy, not only as a determinant of adoption but also as a mediator in the relationship between public attitudes and adoption. Behavioral nudges are also identified as significant influences in this context. The research contributes to understanding digital payment adoption in emerging markets. It provides digital financial technology insights for practitioners, policymakers, and educators.

The role of physical and social environments on the loyalty toward urban rail services: A consideration of stations and onboard

Although urban train services have been introduced in various developing countries, ridership for this mode of public transport (PT) remains low. In response, urban planning authorities are seeking ways to boost passenger loyalty to these services. However, the existing literature has scarcely examined the role of physical and social environments in fostering passenger loyalty. Additionally, how loyalty is developed throughout the passenger experience - both at stations and onboard - remains unclear. Addressing this gap, the current study develops a model based on the 'service quality-satisfaction-behavioural intentions' paradigm and the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model to examine how the physical and social environments, both at rail stations and onboard trains, impact passenger loyalty in the context of urban train services. Additionally, this study validates the multi-dimensionality of physical environments and social environments in this context. Data collected from urban rail passengers in Hanoi, Vietnam is analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that the physical and social environments onboard trains significantly influence loyalty towards the urban train services, while the environments at stations do not have the same impact. Furthermore, both satisfaction at stations and onboard trains significantly affect the loyalty, though the influence of satisfaction with the onboard experience is much stronger than that of satisfaction with the stations. Practically, the findings assist PT authorities in evaluating existing systems and devising future PT development strategies. Also, the study informs PT providers of ways to improve passenger satisfaction and loyalty.

Empirical study of robotic systems implementation to corporate performance in manufacturing sector

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of implementing various robotic systems in logistics and supply chain management on corporate performance in Jordanian manufacturing companies, focusing on environmental, operational, economic, and social dimensions.Design/methodology/approachUsing a quantitative approach, data was collected through a survey questionnaire to measure the relationship between robotic systems and several performance dimensions. Various established constructs were employed, and the structural relationships were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the complex interdependencies within the model.FindingsThe results of this study indicate that the adoption of robotic systems has a positive influence on the environmental, operational, economic, and social performance of Jordanian manufacturing companies. In contrast to prior research that revealed inconsistencies in the social dimension, our findings align with previous studies highlighting the benefits of robotics in logistics and supply chain management. However, it’s worth noting that this study did not uncover similar inconsistencies, particularly in terms of the impact on social performance.Practical implicationsThe study provides valuable insights for manufacturing companies considering the implementation of robotic systems, highlighting the need to evaluate the environmental, operational, social, and economic consequences. This understanding can help organizations make informed decisions to leverage the benefits of robotics for sustainable growth.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the growing literature on robotics in logistics and supply chain management, specifically focusing on the unique context of Jordanian manufacturing companies. By examining the multifaceted impact of robotic systems, this study extends the understanding of the role of technology in enhancing corporate performance.

The Influence of Market Competition on SMEs’ Performance in Emerging Economies: Does Process Innovation Moderate the Relationship?

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are vital to the economic development of emerging economies, significantly contributing to employment, innovation, and GDP growth. This study investigates the influence of market competition on SME performance in emerging economies, specifically examining the moderating role of process innovation. Using a sample of 365 SMEs in the western region of Ghana, the research employed a convenience sampling technique to gather data. The analysis utilized partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to explore the relationships between market competition, process innovation, and SME performance. The findings revealed that three direct hypotheses were supported, indicating a positive relationship between market competition and SME performance, while the moderated hypotheses were not supported. These insights provide valuable implications for SME owners, managers, and policymakers.

The impact of residential winter HVAC usage behavior on arthritis in older adults: A PLS-SEM analysis

Environmental factors like temperature and humidity have been shown to influence arthritis symptoms in older adults, and HVAC equipment can regulate indoor environmental parameters. This study aimed to explore the pathways and effectiveness of residential HVAC usage behavior during winter on arthritis conditions. Conducted across four major climate zones in China, this cross-sectional study involved 3579 older adults aged 60–74 years and collected data on demographics, residential environments, lifestyles, and health outcomes. Utilizing Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), a complex structural equation model (SEM) and an HVAC-Health mediation model was developed to analyze the relationships among influencing factors and health outcomes. Results revealed that socio-economic status, building characteristics, lifestyles, HVAC usage behavior, and indoor environmental exposure significantly affect the frequency of arthritis flare-ups (p < 0.05). Specifically, lifestyles, indoor wet and cold exposures have strong direct effects on health outcomes, with path coefficients of 0.178, 0.155 and 0.143, respectively. Moreover, HVAC usage indirectly influences health through mediators, with cold exposure (β = 0.045, p < 0.001), air pollution (β = 0.025, p < 0.001), and wet exposure (β = 0.012, p = 0.001) ranked in terms of their mediating effects. This research underscores the crucial role of HVAC systems in mitigating arthritis symptoms in older adults, advocating for enhanced implementation of HVAC technologies in senior housing to promote health and well-being. The originality of this study lies in employing the PLS-SEM method to elucidate how the indoor environment—particularly under the premise of HVAC usage—affect arthritis symptoms in older adults.

A study intention, implementation and adoption of e-wallet in Indonesia

Using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), this study investigated the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influence, facilitating condition, lifestyle compatibility, and perceived trust on both the intention to use and adoption of an e-wallet among adults. This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional research technique to collect data from 501 respondents via Google Form. The acquired data was assessed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Therefore, perceived usefulness, perceived simplicity of use, social influence, lifestyle compatibility, and perceived trust all had a strong positive impact on both intentions to use and adoption of an e-wallet. This study demonstrated that the intention to use an e-wallet mediated the links between predictors and e-wallet adoption. Respondents’ age and gender moderated the effect of lifestyle compatibility on their intention to use an e-wallet. The study’s findings can assist managers and policymakers establish successful ways that capture customers’ intention to use and experience with employing an e-wallet amid a tumultuous market. Finally, such well-crafted policies may stimulate the digital platform and web-based apps, as well as raise e-wallet acceptance rates in undeveloped countries.

The Role of Servant Leadership, School Culture and Supervision System on Teacher Performance Mediated by Teacher Competence and Moderated by Good Scholl Governance

The research is an observational study aiming to test a model in which the effect of servant leadership as exogenous constructs; school culture and supervision system will affect teacher performance by mediating factor: competency, with oversight moderation variable. If anything, the need for leadership consistency and governance models which described by Inceoglu et al launched differs greatly according to institution of higher education executing research (Indonesian educational context) because how various cultural norms operate in relation to one another impacts teacher efficacy. This study uses a sample that involves different types of schools within Indonesia and applies Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for the data analysis with focus on measurement properties as well correlations among variables. Results indicate that while effective supervision and governance, servant leadership as well as organizational culture contributes significantly to teaching performance at school; the combination of these elements are needed in nurturing a high-performing education system. Importantly, provision of effective leadership and governance at all levels of the system for ensuring optimum teacher effectiveness is strongly accorded here by this research. Further research is encouraged to investigate these trends and their influence on teacher performance over time using longitudinal methods.

The Influence Of Price And Service Quality On Customer Satisfaction Of Bus 27 Trans Route Malang – Bandung Through Purchasing Decisions

Transportation plays an important role in facilitating human mobility in carrying out various activities such as work, education, tourism and traveling. The current situation has given rise to increasingly fierce competition between various modes of transportation, including air, sea and land. This research aims to determine the direct influence of price and service quality on purchasing decisions and to test the indirect influence of price and service quality on customer satisfaction through purchasing decisions. The research method in this research is descriptive and quantitative. The sampling technique used in this research is a non-probability sampling technique with a focus on purposive sampling, and using the Cochran formula to obtain a sample of 100 respondents in the study. The analytical method used in this research is structural equation modeling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS). Based on the results of hypothesis testing, it shows that price has a direct influence on purchasing decisions, service quality has a direct influence on purchasing decisions, purchasing decisions have a direct influence on customer satisfaction, and price has an indirect influence on customer satisfaction through purchasing decisions and service quality has an indirect influence on customer satisfaction. through purchasing decisions.

Enhancing Employee Performance: The Impact of Engagement, Job Rotation, Compensation, and Motivation

This research aims to determine the influence of employee engagement, transfers, compensation and motivation on employee performance. Apart from that, you can see the review from an Islamic perspective. The population of this study were employees of the Jakarta Cakung Primary Tax Service Office with a sample size of 89 respondents. The sampling technique uses a non-probability sampling method, with a saturated sampling technique through distributing questionnaires. The data analysis method uses the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The model in this research provides a strong influence with a strong level of relevance in predicting the influence between variables with a large level of suitability. employee engagement has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, mutations have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Managerial Implications Organizations should prioritize enhancing employee engagement through effective communication and involvement in decision-making processes to boost performance. Additionally, strategic employee mutations or transfers can be leveraged to match skills with job roles more effectively. Fair and competitive compensation packages are essential to motivate employees and enhance their commitment.

PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA DAN STRESS KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI MELALUI KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PT. PEGADAIAN SYARIAH CABANG BANGKALAN

This research aims to find out how workload and work stress influence employee performance at PT. Pegadaian Syariah Bangkalan Branch through job satisfaction. The data analysis technique uses PLS (Partial Least Square) structural equation modeling analysis with the SmartPLS version 3.0 program. Validity and Reliability Test. The results of this research state that 1) There is a significant positive influence of Workload on Job Satisfaction 2) There is an insignificant positive influence of Job Stress on Job Satisfaction 3) There is a significant positive influence of Workload on Employee Performance 4) There is a positive influence which is not significant from Job Stress to Employee Performance 5) There is an insignificant positive effect of Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance 6) There is a positive, significant mediation of Job Satisfaction on the effect of Workload on Employee Performance 7) There is positive but not significant mediation of Job Satisfaction significant influence of Job Stress on Employee Performance.

Leveraging user-generated content (UGC) in pre-travel behavior: A PLS-SEM and necessary conditions analysis (NCA) approach

Online review reading is almost ritualistic before making any purchases. Building on social cognition theory, uses and gratification theory, and stimulus organism response theory, this study explores user-generated content (UGC) attributes affecting intentions to travel via a mediating variable (destination image). Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis and necessary conditions analysis (NCA) on responses ( N = 392) collected online in India, the findings reveal that the perceived novelty of content (PNC) and perceived value of content (PVC) positively influence destination image and behavioral intention. Destination image mediates the relationship between PNC, PVC, and content users’ behavioral intentions. Perceived reliability of content (PRC) positively affects behavioral intention. The findings suggest that adequate PNC, PRC, and PVC levels are necessary to enhance destination image and generate intention to travel. This study contributes to the UGC literature and provides recommendations for stakeholders to improve user experience and enhance destination image perception.

Exploring the Determinants of Chinese Tourists' Shopping Behavior During Shopping Tourism in Korea.

This study aimed to examine the factors influencing Chinese tourists' shopping behavior during shopping tourism in Korea using a theoretical framework based on the modified theory of planned behavior (TPB). A quantitative research method was used; the questionnaire for this study was posted on Wenjuanxing for data collection and 269 valid questionnaires were analyzed in September 2024 using partial least-squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of analyzing the 269 questionnaires showed that attitude, conformity, perceived behavioral control, and perceived quality of goods influenced shopping intention. However, face consciousness did not affect shopping intentions. Additionally, Chinese tourists' shopping intentions influenced their shopping behavior during shopping tourism in Korea. The results of this study reveal the potential mechanisms of the influence of shopping intentions with conformity (a factor of Chinese-subjective norms) and the perceived quality of goods (a new factor) in shopping behavior, and they provide theoretical guidance and appropriate marketing strategies for companies in the Korean tourism field.

Determining Consumer Intention: Uncovering the Influential Factors in Customer Switching from LPG to Induction Stoves in Indonesia

The increasing electrification of lifestyles in Indonesia has prompted a shift in consumer preferences, particularly regarding kitchen appliances. Indonesia is currently facing an electricity oversupply issue, hence migrating consumers from traditional Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) stoves to induction stoves offers the potential to enhance electricity utilization and effectively address this predicament. This study aims to investigate the influential factors behind consumers' intentions to switch from traditional LPG stoves to induction stoves. The data were collected from 802 traditional LPG stoves consumers, who are Indonesian citizens, residing across various regions of Indonesia, and have not previously purchased an induction stove to achieve the objective. The collected data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal the importance of Push, Pull, and Mooring factors in motivating consumers to switch from LPG stoves to induction stoves. This research contributes critical insights to academia, industry, and policymakers as well, offering a nuanced understanding of the dynamics influencing this transition in the Indonesian market and playing a pivotal role in addressing the electricity oversupply issue in Indonesia.

The Role of Distance Learning in Shaping Indonesia Golden Generation: Student Interaction, Engagement, and Satisfaction

This research explores the critical role of student interaction in enhancing engagement and satisfaction in the context of Open and Distance Learning (ODL) at the Open University in Indonesia. Amidst the increasing adoption of digital education platforms, this study examines how dynamic and effective student interactions and engagement influence educational satisfaction outcomes in online environments. Using a quantitative approach, this study employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyse responses from 120 students who participated in online tutorial sessions. The findings reveal that student interaction significantly increases student satisfaction and engagement, with engagement serving as a mediating factor that improves the overall educational experience. This study confirms that high-quality interactions are essential for student engagement and satisfaction and emphasises the need for educational platforms that support strong interactive features and prompt instructor feedback. This research contributes to the literature by emphasising the important role of interaction and engagement in ODL settings and suggests practical implications for educational practitioners and policy makers. Enhancing interactive experiences in online learning can facilitate higher levels of student engagement and satisfaction, thereby supporting the formation of a competitive and adaptive golden generation in Indonesia's digital era.

Analysis Of Factors Influencing Consumer Purchase Intention For Electric Cars: A Case Study In Greater Jakarta

The demand for electric cars has significantly increased in recent years, but it represents only a small fraction of the total new vehicles sold globally. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing consumer purchase intentions towards electric cars in the Greater Jakarta area (Jabodetabek). Using a survey method, data were collected from individuals who are considered capable of purchasing electric cars, either through installment plans or cash payments, and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the research hypotheses. The results indicate that government incentives, ease of access to charging infrastructure, perception of resale value, product diversification, social influence, environmental concern, and consumer attitudes significantly and positively influence purchase intentions towards electric cars. However, the perception of purchase price did not show a significant effect. The findings suggest that strategic initiatives by policymakers and manufacturers, such as continuous government incentives, expansion of charging infrastructure, and effective marketing strategies leveraging social influence and environmental benefits, are crucial for promoting electric car adoption in Jabodetabek. This study provides valuable insights for understanding consumer behavior towards electric cars in emerging markets and offers useful information for enhancing market penetration.