Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling Research Articles

Servant leadership’s impact on trust, commitment, and performance in higher education

<span lang="EN-US">This research examined the relationship between servant leadership (SL), organizational trust (OT), organizational commitment (OC), and task performance (TP). It employed a quantitative research design with partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and bootstrap estimation. Data were collected through a survey of 111 lecturers from 12 universities in Eastern Indonesia. It found that SL does not affect TP and OC. Meanwhile, OT affects OC but not TP. Further, OC does not affect TP. Therefore, OT does not affect TP through OC. Likewise, SL does not affect TP through OC. It practically implies that universities should be concerned the selection and placement of professional leaders. Successful professional leaders support and enhance the OC and TP of lecturers with SL. This study enriches leadership literature empirically examining SL, TP, OT, and OC in religious higher education. Besides, it provides evidence that SL in tertiary institutions does not exhibit a positive impact on lecturer performance. Institutional limitations lead to difficult situations and allow lecturers to accept reality. Furthermore, it uncovers challenges and demands the need for in-depth investigation of SL studies, which are paradoxical and contradictory to the previous SL theories and findings.</span>

The nexus of nurse work-life balance on performance: a case in private hospital

The healthcare organization is highly competitive, in which excellent service becomes crucial. As part of the healthcare front-liners, nurses become the main provider of such services, especially in private hospitals. Therefore, it is essential to enhance nurse performance to ensure hospital success. This study investigated the relationship between work-life balance (WLB) on nurse performance (NP) mediated by work engagement (WE) and psychological well-being (PWB). This cross-sectional study recruited 132 eligible nurses in a internationally-accredited type B private hospital (>200 beds). The proposed model of this study is analyzed using partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The association between all studied variables is significant. The relation between WLB on NP mediated by WE and PWB is significant (p-value 0.000, zero fall, CI 95%)-WLB on PWB (ß=0.743), WLB on WE (ß=0.466), PWB on WE (ß=0.379), WE on NP (ß=0.351) and PWB on NP (ß=0.579). This study indicates that nurse WLB should be an essential aspect to consider in enhancing NP. The hospital should also monitor and evaluate WE and PWB in improving NP.

Social Media’s Role in Shaping Millennials Halal Shopping Trends in Malaysia

Social media influencers (SMIs) have emerged as pivotal figures in advertising and critiquing products and services. They serve as credible sources, disseminating persuasive messages that significantly influence consumer purchasing behavior, particularly among Millennials. This paper investigates the factors pertaining to SMIs that shape the purchasing behavior of Muslim Millennials in Malaysia towards halal food products. Employing a non-probability sampling method, the study surveyed 403 respondents using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Data collection utilised a structured closed-ended questionnaire as the survey instrument. Results indicate that SMIs’ expertise impacts consumers’ attitudes and behaviors towards halal food products, with expertise serving as the sole mediator. Furthermore, SMIs wield significant influence over consumer purchasing behaviour by disseminating product reviews and advertisements to a broad audience. Factors such as trustworthiness, attractiveness, and expertise among these influencers directly impact the purchasing decisions of millennials. This study makes a significant contribution by enhancing comprehension of the latest digital and social media technologies’ relevance and importance.

A statistical approach to evaluate the effect of obstacles on Green Building Development in Northeast India

The practice of "green building" (GB) is gaining popularity in the building sector as a practical means of meeting the rising demand for eco-friendly or sustainable structures. However, the adoption of GB has been slower than it ought to have been. This study examines the significance of several obstacles to the widespread acceptance of GB. The findings gathered through statistical analysis of the responses received from a questionnaire survey provided to experts in the field of GB throughout the Northeastern states, are provided. A thorough review was done to identify 18 possible barriers to GBD in Northeast India. Descriptive and inferential statistical studies (ANOVA and Exploratory Factor Analysis) were done to evaluate the effects of different obstacles on GBD and categorize them into manageable factors. To examine the impact of various obstacles on GBD, a partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was established. The results revealed that poor geographic location, rating system limitations, enormous financial consequences, inadequate market conditions and policies, project viability, and poor public perception of GB contribute to Northeast India's GBD challenges. The conclusions of this paper might assist policymakers in identifying issues in GB adoption and developing appropriate measures for their wider acceptance.

The relation of clinical governance climate on quality of care mediated by patient safety culture

The hospital organization determines quality of care (QOC) from health services; however, there are many challenges due to the different backgrounds of healthcare workers. Essentially, governance is needed to guarantee a process oriented toward clinical outcomes. Unfortunately, research on clinical management with dimensional measurements conducted in private hospitals is still scanty. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between clinical governance climate (CGC) on QOC mediated by a patient safety culture (PSC) and the control variable adaptation to workload in relation to QOC. Participants were healthcare workers in two private hospitals that have been fully accredited; 416 participants met the requirements. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires in March 2023. Data were analyzed through partial least square – structural equation model (PLS-SEM). The study result indicated a significant positive relationship between CGC and PSC (β=0.851, p-value<0.05). Further, a positive relationship between PSC to QOC (β=0.654, p-value<0.05) was established. However, insufficient evidence indicates a direct relation between CGC on QOC (p-value>0.05). The role of PSC as a full mediating was confirmed (β=0.557, p-value<0.05, CI 95% 0.441-0.677). The finding of this study is the importance of CGC relation to QOC mediated by PSC in private hospitals.

Development of compliance theory based on self-regulation in chronic kidney failure patients on hemodialysis

Self-management in regulating diet, fluids, activities, and medication in chronic renal failure patients which getting hemodialysis is still worse. This research aimed to develop the theory of compliance based on self-regulation to increase patient obedience and awareness. A cross-sectional approach of 130 respondents was recruited using simple random sampling. Structural equation modeling partial least square (SEM-PLS) was the statistical analysis for this study. All indicators in the outer model showed outer loading value >0.7, it declared feasible to predict each of the latent variables. The R-square value of appraisal latent was 0.576, Coping was 0.897, and self-care compliance was 0.713. The model was relevant when applied in other research studies with a Q-Square value=0.832. The goodness of fit (GoF) was 0.832>0.36, which means that the model was applied well. The appraisal variable is the strongest variable that influences coping, based on the hypothesis test. The self-regulation-based compliance model for blood pressure, interdialytic weight gain (IDWG), sodium levels, and functional independence can be developed through analysis of the structural model.

Uniting communities: harnessing social capital for community resilience during coronavirus disease 2019

This research investigates the impact of both traditional and virtual social capital on community resilience, with engagement on social media as a mediating variable. The study surveyed 397 inhabitants of an urban <br /> sub-district in Palembang, Indonesia, and analyzed the data using the structural equation model partial least square (SEM-PLS) technique. The results indicate that it is critical to prioritize and activate various forms of social capital to enhance community resilience during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The analysis showed that social media engagement had a significant positive impact on community resilience (p<0.05), however the influence of virtual bonding social capital was negligible and negatively skewed (p=0.084). It is significant to note that community resilience was significantly positively impacted by both traditional bonding and bridging social capital (both p<0.05). Social media involvement was also markedly positively impacted by virtual bonding and bridging social capital (both p<0.05). The link between virtual bonding, bridging social capital, and community resilience was strongly influenced by social media use in terms of mediation (both p<0.05). This emphasizes how important social capital, both physical and digital, and particularly social media participation, are to building community resilience during pandemics.

Exploring the impact of preservice teacher internship programs on students’ perception of the teaching profession

This study aims to analyze how the preservice teacher internship program influences students’ perception of the teaching profession by examining the variables of reaction, learning experiences, behavior, and the mediating role of results. By examining these variables, the study synthesizes findings from multiple studies and incorporates them. Using a survey conducted among students at a university in Medan, Indonesia, the study collected data electronically through the distribution of a questionnaire via Google Forms. The sample consisted of 252 students, and partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyze the data. The outer models (measurement) and inner model (structural relations among latent variables) were validated and evaluated. The results indicate significant positive direct effects of reaction, learning, and behavior on results. Moreover, the results from the preservice teacher internship program have a significant positive effect on students’ perceptions. The study also reveals that results act as a partial mediator in the relationships between behavior and perception, learning and perception, and reaction and perception.

Exploring the Relationship Among Service Satisfaction, Motivation and Purchase Intention in Malaysia’s Online Banking

Customer satisfaction plays a vital role in service marketing, especially for online banking, due to the advancement of technology and the ease of online banking transactions. Recent studies have found that consumer motivation is crucial in capturing customer value and trust. Consumer motivation will affect consumer purchase intention. However, the scarcity of empirical evidence has inspired researchers to examine the relationship between consumer motivation, perceived service satisfaction, and purchase intention simultaneously in Malaysian online banking. Thus, the role of service satisfaction as a mediating variable in the relationship between consumer motivation (information influences, consumption patterns, and consumer involvement) and purchase intention was discussed in this paper. Data were collected from 250 online banking users through a self-directed questionnaire. All the data has been analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Findings confirmed the significant relationship between consumer motivation, perceived service satisfaction, and purchase intention. The results also indicated that perceived service satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between consumer motivation and purchase intention. Managerial implications were provided to guide online banking service providers on effective ways to retain their users through consumer motivation.

Emerging opportunities for information systems researchers to expand their PLS-SEM analytical toolbox

Purpose Rigorous applications of analytical tools in information systems (IS) research are important for developing new knowledge and innovations in the field. Emerging tools provide building blocks for future inquiry, practice and innovation. This article summarizes the findings of an analysis of the adoption and reporting of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analytical tools by Industrial Management & Data Systems authors in the most recent five-year period.Design/methodology/approach Selected emerging advanced PLS-SEM analytical tools that have experienced limited adoption are highlighted to broaden awareness of their value to IS researchers.Findings PLS-SEM analytical tools that facilitate understanding increasingly complex theoretical models and deliver improved prediction assessment are now available. IS researchers should explore the opportunities to apply these new tools to more fully describe the contributions of their research.Research limitations/implications Findings demonstrate the increasing acceptance of PLS-SEM as a useful alternative research methodology within IS. PLS-SEM is a preferred structural equation modeling (SEM) method in many research settings and will become even more widely applied when IS researchers are aware of and apply the new analytical tools.Practical implications Emerging PLS-SEM methodological developments will help IS researchers examine new theoretical concepts and relationships and publish their work. Researchers are encouraged to engage in more complete analyses by applying the applicable emerging tools.Originality/value Applications of PLS-SEM for prediction, theory testing and confirmation have increased in recent years. Information system scholars should continue to exercise sound practice by applying these new analytical tools where applicable. Recommended guidelines following Hair et al. (2019; 2022) are included.

Consumers’ motivation to purchase second-hand clothing: a multimethod investigation anchored on belief elicitation and theory of planned behavior

Purpose Amidst escalating sustainability challenges, product and brand managers face a pressing need to foster responsible consumption and marketing strategies. Guided by the theory of planned behavior, this paper aims to explore consumers’ motivation to purchase second-hand clothing, a type of product that contributes to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12 on Responsible Consumption and Production by democratizing the brand, extending the life-cycle of the product, promoting a circular economy, while reducing economic costs for consumers and environmental costs for companies. Design/methodology/approach A two-stage study was conducted: 20 consumers were initially interviewed to identify the salient beliefs about second-hand clothing, and following that, a survey was conducted with 449 consumers to statistically analyze consumers’ motivation to purchase second-hand clothing. The data were analyzed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and necessary condition analysis (NCA). Findings From a “should-have” perspective (PLS-SEM), the study reveals that behavioral beliefs, injunctive normative beliefs, descriptive normative beliefs and control beliefs positively shape attitudes, injunctive norms, descriptive norms and perceived behavioral control toward second-hand clothing, whereas attitudes, injunctive norms, moral norms and perceived behavioral control positively influence consumers’ purchases of second-hand clothing. From a “must-have” perspective (NCA), the study shows that behavioral beliefs, injunctive normative beliefs and descriptive normative beliefs are necessary conditions to positively shape attitudes, injunctive norms and descriptive norms toward second-hand clothing, whereas attitudes, injunctive norms and perceived behavioral control are necessary conditions to stimulate second-hand clothing purchases. Originality/value The study offers a deep dive into consumers’ motivation to purchase second-hand clothing using a multimethod approach that enables not only the elicitation of salient beliefs (through interviews) but also the empirical examination of these beliefs alongside varying subjective norms in motivating consumers to purchase second-hand clothing (via survey). Given that beliefs are deeply rooted, the rigorous unfolding and validation of consumers’ beliefs about second-hand clothing, including the “should-haves” versus the “must-haves,” provide finer-grained insights that product and brand managers can strategically use to encourage consumers to purchase second-hand clothing.

Exploring the impact of athlete brand image on fans’ behavioural outcomes: the role of emotional attachment and perceived price value

PurposeThis study aims to explore the impact of athlete brand image on fans’ social media engagement, purchase intentions, and also examines the mediating role of emotional attachment on these relationships, as well as the moderating role of perceived price value between emotional attachment and purchase intentions.Design/methodology/approachThe data are based on an online survey conducted in China (N = 572). The PLS-SEM (partial least squares structural equation model) and regression-based estimation method (PROCESS) are employed to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicate a positive relationship between athletes’ athletic performance and fans’ social media engagement as well as purchase intentions. The impact of athletes’ attractive appearance and marketable lifestyle on fans’ purchase intentions is sequentially mediated by emotional attachment and social media engagement. Moreover, the mediation effect of athletes’ off-field image and purchase intentions is contingent upon fans’ perceived price value.Research limitations/implicationsAthletes and marketers could integrate and leverage both the on-field and off-field attributes to cultivate emotional connections with fans. Sports organizations and managers need to pay attention to fans’ social media engagement and provide content that increases engagement and converts into transactional behavioural intentions.Originality/valueThe study provides empirical evidence of the mediating role of emotional attachment between athlete brand image and fans’ purchase intentions. The explanatory mechanisms involving emotional attachment and social media engagement (non-transactional behavioural intentions) are anticipated to be a noteworthy addition to the traditional fan transactional behavioural intentions framework. Moreover, the research introduces and confirms perceived price value as a crucial moderating factor influencing the relationship between emotional attachment and purchase intentions.

Guest editorial: Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) in quality management

Guest editorial: Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) in quality management

Financial Technology and Service Quality for Purchasing Decisions Through Customer Trust in Indonesian State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN)

The rapid progress of the internet and technology continues to unfold, giving rise to innovations in various sectors dependent on these advancements. Financial technology is one such evolving technology in the current landscape. According to the theory, financial technology is defined as the application of technology aimed at enhancing the value of financial services and has the potential to increase customer trust through the development and provision of products. However, specific research on financial technology remains scarce. The focus of this research is to assess the influence of financial technology and service quality on purchasing decisions through customer trust. The research methodology employs a quantitative approach with the distribution of questionnaires. The sample for this study consists of 360 respondents, and the data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results of this study indicate that financial technology and customer trust significantly and positively impact purchasing decisions. Service quality also has a positive and significant effect on customer trust and purchasing decisions. However, financial technology and purchasing decisions do not exhibit a significant positive impact. The inclusion of the customer trust variable is considered crucial as it can mediate relationships with other variables.

Factors influencing the purchase intention toward electric vehicles; a nonuser perspective

PurposeThe demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has significantly increased in recent years, though some countries like Sri Lanka have reported the opposite direction compared to the global trend. Hence, this study focused on identifying factors affecting EV purchase intention and barriers to the widespread adoption of EVs in a developing country context. Also, this study presents an overview of the theoretical perspectives utilized for understanding consumer intentions and adoption behavior toward alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs).Design/methodology/approachThe questionnaire method was employed, and 394 individuals who lived in Colombo City, Sri Lanka, with valid driving licenses and a hybrid or conventional vehicle were the study sample. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the research hypothesis.FindingsThe findings confirmed that the three relationships between the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) variables and EV purchase intention are significant, and there is no significant moderator effect from the consumer’s perceived risk.Originality/valueThese results offer useful information for governments and EV companies to better understand consumer behavior toward purchasing EVs.

Neobank adoption: integrating the information systems effectiveness framework with the innovation resistance model

PurposeThis study aims to integrate Delone and McLean’s information system success (DMISS) model with the innovation resistance model to evaluate the relationship between behavioural intention to use (BIU) and innovation resistance in the context of neo-banking. The primary objective of this study is to identify the drivers of neo-banking adoption and the barriers to its adoption and incorporate constructs such as e-trust (ETR) and personal innovativeness (PIV) to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing neo-banking adoption.Design/methodology/approachA structured survey-based questionnaire was used to gather data from a diverse sample population in India. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) model was employed to further examine the adoption of neobanking services and users' intention to use neobanking services.FindingsThis study reveals a significant correlation between BIU and the uptake of neobanking services, demonstrating the value of consumers' readiness to embrace these offerings. However, resistance to usage has emerged as a major obstacle for consumers concerned about data security, technology reluctance and perceived risks associated with digital-only neobanks.Research limitations/implicationsAnalysing the driving and restraining factors will provide substantial information on the formation of consumers' decision-making processes in the Indian banking industry, which is undergoing rapid digital transformation. This information is of great importance to scholars, practitioners and policymakers, as it highlights the factors that may facilitate or impede the adoption of neobanking in India. The outcomes of this analysis will be of particular interest to researchers, experts and stakeholders in the field as they will provide valuable insights into the dynamics of consumer behaviour in the Indian banking sector.Originality/valueThis study represents an initial effort to examine BIUs and usage resistance within the rapidly developing neobanking sector in India. The findings of this study build on the existing research in this area and contribute to the ongoing discussion on the adoption of neo-banking.

Factors influencing undergraduate students’ engagement in online learning: a PLS-SEM approach

ABSTRACT Effective engagement during online learning is essential for achieving successful student outcomes. This study aims to determine the level of engagement among undergraduate students and its influencing factors during the online learning process. Data were collected from a sample of 609 undergraduate students, taken from four public and private universities in Malaysia. Results showed that undergradaute students have a moderate level of engagement during online learning. Their engagement was significantly influenced by perceptions of online learning, experiences in online learning, and online self-regulation skills, as demonstrated by the results of partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). These factors accounted for 63.7% of the variance in students’ engagement (R2 = .637, p < 0.01). The implications of the study were discussed.

Fintech Acceptance Among MSMEs: A Post-Covid 19 Response

The primary objective of this research is to assess the determinants influencing the adoption of Fintech among MSMEs in Medan City, focusing on MSMEs following the post-pandemic period. This study used an online survey among 156 MSMEs in Medan City. This research uses the Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) approach to analyze the conceptual model, utilizing the SmartPLS version 3 analysis tool. The study's results found that perceived ease of use and subjective norms influence the perceived usefulness of Medan City MSME actors in using Fintech. Overall, the results of this study indicate that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, subjective norms, and feeling of safety have a positive and significant effect on the usage of Fintech among MSME actors in Medan City. The results of this study also provide practical implications for using Fintech for MSMEs in Medan City in the new normal era (after the COVID-19 pandemic).

Internal corporate social responsibility as a strategic tool for employee engagement in public organizations: Role of empathy and organizational pride

BACKGROUND: The macro-level corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been researched widely in recent years, however, micro-level CSR has recently gained attention. Employees are more influenced by employee related internal CSR initiatives than the external CSR activities. Internal CSR ensures favorable behavior of employees towards their employer which leads towards better organizational performance. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the impact of internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) on public sector employees’ engagement through Organizational Pride (OP). Further, the study considers moderating role of empathy between internal CSR and employee engagement (EE) METHODS: Quantitative research design was developed and theoretical framework was investigated through a survey of 430 employees of public sector in Pakistan. SmartPLS was used and partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used for hypothesis testing RESULTS: The results showed that the internal CSR directly influences EE. Secondly, the mediation of OP between internal CSR and EE is also supported. However, the results do not significantly support moderation of empathy between internal CSR and EE. CONCLUSIONS: Public sector organizations should actively contribute in employees well- being through internal CSR activities especially on skills development, work-life balance and employment stability. Public sector organizations lack in emotional and cognitive attachment with employees, and should pay attention to pride over organization through employee focused CSR activities

“Doing it for my family”: examining when and how family motivation hinders creativity of hospitality employees by shaping job-perception

PurposeThis study explores the relationship between family motivation and employee creativity. It examines the way family motivation shapes employees' job perceptions, specifically examining the mediating roles of job instrumentality and job meaningfulness detachment. Additionally, the study explores the moderating effect of family financial pressure.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected in three waves over six months from 382 employees in the Turkish hospitality industry. The Warp PLS 7.0 software was utilized for data analysis using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe results indicate that family motivation significantly influences job instrumentality and job meaningfulness detachment, which subsequently reduce employee creativity. Moreover, family financial pressure moderates the relationship between family motivation and job perception, thereby amplifying its effects.Research limitations/implicationsThis study highlights that organizations should minimize ambiguity and complexity, create a psychologically safe environment, align incentives with creativity, address conflicts between short-term gains and long-term projects and support work-life balance in the hospitality industry. This can enhance employee creativity, satisfaction and retention.Originality/valueThis study is an early attempt to investigate when and how family motivation (re)shapes hospitality workers’ job perceptions and influences their propensity to engage in creative endeavors.