Partial Extension Research Articles

On the unsteady flow dynamics of a planar-plug nozzle with a semi-extended cowl

Experiments are conducted with a planar-plug nozzle having a 50% cowl extension, operating in over-expanded nozzle pressure ratios ζ=[p0/pa]=2,3, and 4 to study the unsteady flow dynamics on the ramp surface and acoustic features of the flow on the far-field as influenced by the partial cowl extension. Steady pressure measurements and high-speed Schlieren imaging indicated that the flowfield on the ramp surface has shock-boundary layer and shock-shear layer interactions. The three-dimensional flow features on the ramp surface are studied based on oil flow visualization. A proper orthogonal decomposition based modal analysis of the Schlieren images is conducted to identify the dominant spatiotemporal characteristics. Unsteady pressure fluctuations on the ramp surface acquired simultaneously with microphone measurements are analyzed to infer the jet unsteadiness and noise source. Investigations across different ζ reveal the presence of both incipient and complete separation of the jet flow on the ramp. Moreover, the cowl extension delays the ζ at which the dominant screech and jet flapping occur.

Explicit information and working memory in second-language acquisition of the Spanish subjunctive: A replication and extension of Fernández (2008)

Abstract An important issue in second-language acquisition concerns the role of explicit information (EI) and how it is affected by individual differences. The present study explored this question through a partial replication and extension of Fernández (2008: Experiment 2), which investigated the effects of EI in processing instruction (PI) for the Spanish present subjunctive. This replication compared training with EI (PI) to training without it (structured input; SI). In addition to methodological changes that balance the amount of exposure between groups, this study also includes a control group that received exposure to the target form (C+). Extending the original study, we also assessed the durability of training and whether its effects interact with individual differences in working memory (WM). Results indicate advantages for the PI group during training, supporting Fernández’s conclusions. Immediate post-tests show advantages for the PI group that are not sustained on delayed post-tests. Analyses also indicate benefits for higher WM but only for the PI and C+ groups, although this was only sustained for the C+ group. Thus, findings indicate that when paired with SI, EI and high WM may influence the initial learning of the Spanish subjunctive, but their influence may dissipate over time.

Effects of processing tasks and working memory on the mapping component of L2 word learning: A partial replication and extension of Kida and Barcroft (2018)

Effects of processing tasks and working memory on the mapping component of L2 word learning: A partial replication and extension of Kida and Barcroft (2018)

Training Parents to Implement Trial-Based Functional Analyses: A Partial Replication and Extension with Elementary-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Training Parents to Implement Trial-Based Functional Analyses: A Partial Replication and Extension with Elementary-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Maternal Serotonin Levels and Neurodevelopmental Severity in Autistic Children: A Partial Replication and Extension

Maternal Serotonin Levels and Neurodevelopmental Severity in Autistic Children: A Partial Replication and Extension

The impact of mandibular partial edentulous distal extension on virtual occlusal record accuracy when using two different intraoral scanners: An in vitro analysis

ObjectivesThis in vitro study was formulated to clarify how mandibular partial edentulous distal extension involving three missing teeth affects the virtual occlusal record (VOR) accuracy, in terms of both trueness and precision, when using two different intraoral scanners (IOSs) – the Primescan (PS) and Trios 4 (TR) scanners. MethodsA typodont model missing the left mandibular second premolar, first molar, and second molar as well as the right mandibular first molar was mounted on a semi-adjustable articulator. Four implants were placed at the sites of the missing mandibular teeth. Six pairs of stainless steel markers (diameter: 0.5 mm) were affixed to the maxillary and mandibular casts in the buccal gingiva adjacent to the implants and on the facial surfaces of teeth as reference positions for measurements. The model was digitized with an inEox X5 laboratory scanner to create a reference dataset. Intraoral scans were performed with the PS and TR scanners, with each scan duplicated 10 times to generate 20 paired IOS files. Automatic VOR generation followed the bilateral buccal scan protocol, divided into PS and TR groups (n = 10). Six subgroups of linear distances between interarch markers were assessed with Geomagic Control software, comparing deviations from the reference scan. Data normality was confirmed with the Shapiro-Wilk test. Trueness was evaluated with two-way ANOVAs and pairwise comparisons performed with Tukey's test, whereas precision was assessed with the Levene test (α=0.05). ResultsThe mean linear deviation (Δd) and standard deviation (SD) of VOR were both significantly affected by marker position (P < 0.001), and a significant position × scanner interaction was detected (P < 0.001). Negative mean deviations were observed for the distally extended edentulous areas in both groups. PS scans exhibited trueness that was significantly better than that for TR scans in the D16–46, D13–43, D23–33, and D27–37 subgroups (P < 0.05), whereas there were no significant differences in the D25–35 or D26–36 subgroups. PS scanning was associated with significantly better precision than TR scanning (P < 0.001), and worse precision was observed at D27–37 for both tested IOSs. ConclusionsMandibular partial edentulous distal extension can significantly affect VOR accuracy. The type of IOS could also affect VOR accuracy depending on the area being scanned, with better overall performance observed for the Primescan device as compared to the Trios 4 scanner. Both of these IOSs tended to underestimate VOR occlusal dimensions in mandibular distally extended edentulous areas. Clinical SignificanceMandibular distal edentulous areas can contribute to occlusal dimensions that are underestimated in digital workflows, which may result in infraocclusal discrepancies that arise when performing restorations. IOSs and VOR scanning protocols should thus be carefully considered in order to minimize these risks.

Full asymptotic expansion for orbit-summable quadrant walks and discrete polyharmonic functions

Enumeration of walks with small steps in the quadrant has been a topic of great interest in combinatorics over the last few years. In this article, it is shown how to compute exact asymptotics of the number of such walks with fixed start- and endpoints for orbit-summable models with finite group, up to arbitrary precision. The resulting representation greatly resembles one conjectured for walks starting from the origin in 2020 by Chapon, Fusy and Raschel, differing only in terms appearing due to the periodicity of the model. We will see that the dependency on start- and endpoint is given by discrete polyharmonic functions, which are solutions of △nv=0 for a discretization △ of a Laplace–Beltrami operator. They can be decomposed into a sum of products of lower order polyharmonic functions of either the start- or the endpoint only, which leads to a partial extension of a theorem by Denisov and Wachtel.

Multiple orthogonal polynomials, 𝑑-orthogonal polynomials, production matrices, and branched continued fractions

I analyze an unexpected connection between multiple orthogonal polynomials, d d -orthogonal polynomials, production matrices and branched continued fractions. This work can be viewed as a partial extension of Viennot’s combinatorial theory of orthogonal polynomials to the case where the production matrix is lower-Hessenberg but is not necessarily tridiagonal.

Extending Partial Representations of Circle Graphs in Near-Linear Time

The partial representation extension problem generalizes the recognition problem for geometric intersection graphs. The input consists of a graph G, a subgraph H⊆G\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$H \\subseteq G$$\\end{document} and a representation R′\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\mathcal R'$$\\end{document} of H. The question is whether G admits a representation R\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\mathcal R$$\\end{document} whose restriction to H is R′\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\mathcal R'$$\\end{document}. We study this question for circle graphs, which are intersection graphs of chords of a circle. Their representations are called chord diagrams. We show that for a graph with n vertices and m edges the partial representation extension problem can be solved in O((n+m)α(n+m))\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$O((n + m) \\alpha (n + m))$$\\end{document} time, thereby improving over an O(n3)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$O(n^3)$$\\end{document}-time algorithm by Chaplick et al. (J Graph Theory 91(4), 365–394, 2019). The main technical contributions are a canonical way of orienting chord diagrams and a novel compact representation of the set of all canonically oriented chord diagrams that represent a given circle graph G, which is of independent interest.

Spirituality and the Health of U. S. College Students: A Partial Replication and Extension

Spirituality has been linked with numerous positive effects, and the university experience is generally viewed as an important time for students to develop their spiritual identities. The purpose of this study was to partially replicate and extend the findings of Nelms et al. (2007) on the relationship between spirituality and the health of university students. In a survey study of 968 first-year undergraduate students in the western United States, we found that spirituality was associated with higher levels of physical health, emotional health, and exercise, and these relationships were generally different for white individuals and men than for minorities and women.

Clinical Measurements of Force Exerted on Anterior Teeth in Partial Edentulous Distal Extension.

To determine the influence of partial edentulous distal extension and the use of removable partial dental prostheses in partially edentulous areas on the force exerted on the anterior teeth. A total of 83 volunteer patients participated in this study. The occlusal force was measured using an occlusal force measuring sheet in the patient's mouth. The occlusal forces and ratios were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P < .05). The force exerted on the anterior teeth increased significantly as the number of remaining teeth decreased in an edentulous distal extension. The force exerted on the anterior teeth decreased significantly with the use of a removable partial dental prosthesis. In a clinical setting, when the number of remaining teeth in a partial edentulous distal extension decreases, the burden on the anterior teeth increases. Our findings suggest that, for patients with partial edentulous distal extension, using a removable partial dental prosthesis is effective in preserving the residual anterior teeth by reducing excessive force.

Viabilidade do concreto permeável como material delineado como sistema de detenção para áreas de segurança de pistas de aeroportos

Abstract From the late 1960’s airport engineers developed special paving material for arresting aircraft gears in event of overrun as a partial extension of a runway end safety area. Such pavement surface material, inverting a general concept, should be crushed over the first pass of gear wheels resulting the aircraft to sink and being promptly arrested resulting in abrupt loss of velocity, preferability avoiding loss of lives and injuries as well as with minimum risks for the airplane structural integrity. Herein is analyzed and discussed the possible application of pervious concrete for such a task by simulating an actual situation (Congonhas airport) and understanding the structural effects on the crushable concrete surface layer, pointing out stresses, deflections and required strengths for the material. Simulations regarded the critical aircraft A 320-200 as well as fire-fighters cars over the pavements. Analysis complied to Federal Aviation Administration requirements for non-standard pavement structures as well simulation of stresses trough the finite element method for medium-thickened plates. Compressive stresses along with flexural excessive stresses, besides predictable punching shear stresses allowed to conclude by the feasibility of using low strength pervious concrete as alternative for engineered material to be built as arresting system.

Small perturbations of critical nonlocal equations with variable exponents

Abstract In this article, we are concerned with the following critical nonlocal equation with variable exponents: ( − Δ ) p ( x , y ) s u = λ f ( x , u ) + ∣ u ∣ q ( x ) − 2 u in Ω , u = 0 in R N \ Ω , \left\{\begin{array}{ll}{\left(-\Delta )}_{p\left(x,y)}^{s}u=\lambda f\left(x,u)+{| u| }^{q\left(x)-2}u&amp; \hspace{0.1em}\text{in}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}\Omega ,\\ u=0&amp; \hspace{0.1em}\text{in}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}\backslash \Omega \right,\end{array}\right. where Ω ⊂ R N \Omega \subset {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N} is a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary, N ≥ 2 N\ge 2 , p ∈ C ( Ω × Ω ) p\in C(\Omega \times \Omega ) is symmetric, f : C ( Ω × R ) → R f:C\left(\Omega \times {\mathbb{R}})\to {\mathbb{R}} is a continuous function, and λ \lambda is a real positive parameter. We also assume that { x ∈ R N : q ( x ) = p s ∗ ( x ) } ≠ ∅ \left\{x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}:q\left(x)={p}_{s}^{\ast }\left(x)\right\}\ne \varnothing , and p s ∗ ( x ) = N p ˜ ( x ) ⁄ ( N − s p ˜ ( x ) ) {p}_{s}^{\ast }\left(x)=N\tilde{p}\left(x)/\left(N-s\tilde{p}\left(x)) is the critical Sobolev exponent for variable exponents. We prove the existence of non-trivial solutions in the case of low perturbations ( λ \lambda small enough) by using the mountain pass theorem, the concentration-compactness principles for fractional Sobolev spaces with variable exponents, and the Moser iteration method. The features of this article are the following: (1) the function f f does not satisfy the usual Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition and (2) this article contains the presence of critical terms, which can be viewed as a partial extension of the previous results concerning the the existence of solutions to this problem in the case of s = 1 s=1 and subcritical case.

Treatment of Iatrogenic Nerve Injury After Humeral Shaft Fracture Fixation: A Case Report

Background. Iatrogenic neuropathies of the radial nerve following intramedullary nailing of the humerus are observed in 2.9% of patients. In 30% of cases, iatrogenic nerve injury is associated with distal nail locking. Questions about the timing and volume of diagnostic measures to determine the nature of nerve damage, methods of conservative and surgical treatment, and their effectiveness remain relevant.&#x0D; Aim of the study to illustrate the causes, prevention methods, diagnosis, and treatment of iatrogenic radial nerve injuries in humeral shaft fractures through a clinical example.&#x0D; Case presentation. A 30-year-old female patient was admitted with a nonunion fracture of the left humerus and iatrogenic radial nerve injury three months after the fracture was fixed with a locking nail. A revision operation was performed: removal of the nail from the left humerus; re-fixation of the left humerus with a plate; revision, neurolysis, and plastic repair of the left radial nerve using autografts from the right sural nerve. Postoperative courses of medication therapy, physiotherapy, and therapeutic exercises were conducted. At 26 months after the surgery, complete range of motion and restoration of strength in active extension of the left wrist and three phalanges, abduction of the first finger, partial extension of the first finger, and restoration of sensitivity on the outer surface of the left forearm and the back of the hand were observed.&#x0D; Conclusion. Iatrogenic radial nerve injury primarily occurs as a result of incorrect technique when introducing locking screws during intramedullary nailing of humeral shaft fractures. Delayed examination and surgical treatment of patients with injured radial nerve lead to a lack of full functional recovery, potential muscle atrophy, and impairment of their motor function. Surgical treatment aimed at restoring the radial nerve at an early stage after injury, combined with a full range of postoperative rehabilitation for a year, is the only correct treatment approach.

On Hirata separability and inner partial group action

In this paper, we generalize in the context of partial group action a result of Sugano by giving some equivalent conditions for partial Galois extensions to be Hirata-separable extensions. As an application, we show that every partial Galois extension with inner partial group action is Hirata-separable.

Spirituality and the Health of College Students: A Partial Replication and Extension

Spirituality and the Health of College Students: A Partial Replication and Extension

On the induced partial action of a quotient group and a structure theorem for a partial Galois extension

Let [Formula: see text] be a ring with a partial action [Formula: see text] of a finite group [Formula: see text]. We determine when a quotient group of [Formula: see text] gives rise to a partial action induced by [Formula: see text] on a subring of [Formula: see text]. As an application, we show that if [Formula: see text] is an [Formula: see text]-partial Galois extension and [Formula: see text] is a normal subgroup of [Formula: see text], then under certain conditions [Formula: see text] under the partial action of [Formula: see text] induced by [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is a partial Galois extension. This result was just shown recently by Bagio et al., applying globalization to derive a partial action of [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text], totally different from the one presented in this paper arising from a Boolean ring generated by certain idempotents. We further show in either type of induced partial action of a quotient group that under certain conditions [Formula: see text] is a DeMeyer–Kanzaki [Formula: see text]-partial Galois extension whenever [Formula: see text] is an [Formula: see text]-partial Galois Azumaya extension. A structure theorem for a partial Galois extension is also presented, namely, every partial Galois extension can be decomposed as a direct sum of Galois extensions and possibly a trivial partial Galois extension of type II.

Next-generation PET/CT imaging in meningioma—first clinical experiences using the novel SSTR-targeting peptide [18F]SiTATE

BackgroundSomatostatin-receptor (SSTR)-targeted PET/CT provides important clinical information in addition to standard imaging in meningioma patients. [18F]SiTATE is a novel, 18F-labeled SSTR-targeting peptide with superior imaging properties according to preliminary data. We provide the first [18F]SiTATE PET/CT data of a large cohort of meningioma patients.MethodsPatients with known or suspected meningioma undergoing [18F]SiTATE PET/CT were included. Uptake intensity (SUV) of meningiomas, non-meningioma lesions, and healthy organs were assessed using a 50% isocontour volume of interest (VOI) or a spherical VOI, respectively. Also, trans-osseous extension on PET/CT was assessed.ResultsA total of 107 patients with 117 [18F]SiTATE PET/CT scans were included. Overall, 231 meningioma lesions and 61 non-meningioma lesions (e.g., post-therapeutic changes) were analyzed. Physiological uptake was lowest in healthy brain tissue, followed by bone marrow, parotid, and pituitary (SUVmean 0.06 ± 0.04 vs. 1.4 ± 0.9 vs. 1.6 ± 1.0 vs. 9.8 ± 4.6; p < 0.001). Meningiomas showed significantly higher uptake than non-meningioma lesions (SUVmax 11.6 ± 10.6 vs. 4.0 ± 3.3, p < 0.001). Meningiomas showed significantly higher uptake than non-meningioma lesions (SUVmax 11.6±10.6 vs. 4.0±3.3, p<0.001). 93/231 (40.3%) meningiomas showed partial trans-osseous extension and 34/231 (14.7%) predominant intra-osseous extension. 59/231 (25.6%) meningioma lesions found on PET/CT had not been reported on previous standard imaging.ConclusionThis is the first PET/CT study using an 18F-labeled SSTR-ligand in meningioma patients: [18F]SiTATE provides extraordinary contrast in meningioma compared to healthy tissue and non-meningioma lesions, which leads to a high detection rate of so far unknown meningioma sites and osseous involvement. Having in mind the advantageous logistic features of 18F-labeled compared to 68Ga-labeled compounds (e.g., longer half-life and large-badge production), [18F]SiTATE has the potential to foster a widespread use of SSTR-targeted imaging in neuro-oncology.

On the property (C) of Corson and other sequential properties of Banach spaces

A well-known result of R. Pol states that a Banach space X has property (C) of Corson if and only if every point in the weak*-closure of any convex set C⊆BX⁎ is actually in the weak*-closure of a countable subset of C. Nevertheless, it is an open problem whether this is in turn equivalent to the countable tightness of BX⁎ with respect to the weak*-topology. Frankiewicz, Plebanek and Ryll-Nardzewski provided an affirmative answer under MA+¬CH for the class of C(K)-spaces. In this article we provide a partial extension of this latter result by showing that under the Proper Forcing Axiom (PFA) the following conditions are equivalent for an arbitrary Banach space X:(1)X has property E′;(2)X has weak*-sequential dual ball;(3)X has property (C) of Corson;(4)(BX⁎,w⁎) has countable tightness. This provides a partial extension of a former result of Arhangel'skii. In addition, we show that every Banach space with property E′ has weak*-convex block compact dual ball.

Early adversity and emotional awareness: A partial confirmation and extension of their relationship

Early adversity has been consistently linked to mental health outcomes, but the underlying pathways remain unclear. One previous study found an association between early adversity and trait emotional awareness (EA), which has itself been linked to health outcomes, but links to mental health were not explicitly examined. The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that the association between early adversity and health can be partially accounted for by differences in EA within a large student sample (n = 196). Participants completed measures of early adversity, EA, and current emotional functioning (i.e., depression, anxiety, somatization, positive/negative affect). Bayesian analyses found the most evidence for models with an interaction between sex and early adversity in predicting emotional functioning—revealing the expected negative relationship between early adversity and EA in females, but a positive relationship in males. Early adversity, but not EA, was associated with depression, anxiety, and implicit negative affect. Only explicit positive affect was associated with both early adversity and EA, and EA partially mediated the negative association between early adversity and positive affect. These results provide limited support for EA as a mediating pathway for the effects of early adversity on mental health.