Park Area Research Articles

Contamination of soils by geohelminths ova in key social areas of Vladivostok

BACKGROUND: Geohellminthiasis constitutes approximately 90% of all parasitic diseases affecting the population. WHO recommends regular parasitological monitoring of the soil, for the subsequent assessment of its parasitic contamination and the development of epidemiological measures for the prevention of parasitoses among the population.
 AIM: To study soil contamination by geohelminths ova in important social areas in the city of Vladivostok.
 METHODS: Soil samples were collected from the territories of residential blocks, parks and playgrounds. In total, 671 soil samples were collected. Samples the collection was carried out according to MUC 4.2.796-99 and examined using the Romanenko method. The prevalence (%)and intensity of contamination per gram of soil sample were calculated.
 RESULTS: In total, 7 morphological forms of geohelminth ova were found: Toxocara spp., Toxascaris leonina, Uncinaria stenocephala, Ascaris spp., Ancylostoma spp., Dypilidium caninum and Taenia spp. Propagative stages of helminths were found in 401 of 671 samples. The overall prevalence of contamination was 59.8%. Toxocara spp. were the most prevalent contaminating 300 (44.7%) of the samples. Geohelminths ova were found in soil samples at all sites. Parks and residential areas were the most contaminated.
 CONCLUSION: Geohelminths ova were found in all kay social areas of Vladivostok warranting urgent epidemiological measures to improve the situation.

Studi Keanekaragaman dan Analisis Risiko Tumbuhan Invasif di Kawasan Taman Kelurahan Mekarmulya Kecamatan Cinambo, Kota Bandung, Provinsi Jawa Barat

Mekarmulya Village Park, Cinambo District, Bandung City is a park in the middle of the city and industry. This area is designed to provide green open space in the midst of urban density, so it plays an important role in improving the quality of life in the environment. This research aims to conduct a diversity study and risk analysis of invasive plants in the Mekarmulya Village Park area. Sampling was carried out by roaming throughout the park area. Data processing is carried out qualitatively and is descriptive. The research results showed that the invasive plants found consisted of 11 families, 16 genera, and 16 spesies with the dominant family being the Poaceae family (25%) and the co-dominant family being the Asteraceae family (18.75%). Various habits were obtained consisting of seedlings, saplings and poles, with the largest habitus being the seedling habitus. These invasive plants have an risk on biodiversity and the ecosystem around the park.

БИОЛОГИЯ STENOSTOMUM LEUCOPS (DUGES 1828) (CATENULIDA, TURBELLARIA) ДОМИНИРУЮЩЕГО ВИДА РЕСНИЧНЫХ ЧЕРВЕЙ В МАЛОМ ВОДОЕМЕ БАССЕЙНА ВЕРХНЕЙ ВОЛГИ

In many hydrobiological studies, a large group of turbellarian worms is not, as a rule, given due attention,
 although they are of considerable importance in the ecosystem of the water body. The biology of the development of one of the mass species of turbellarians Stenostomum leucops was studied in the pond of the forest park area during the vegetation period (from April to November) in 2019. The dynamics of the abundance and biomass of the species was studied. The maximum values of these parameters were recorded in June-July at the water temperature of 22.0ºC.

Urban park attributes as predictors for the diversity and composition of spontaneous plants − A case in Beijing, China

Urban biodiversity homogenization and native species habitat loss are becoming increasingly severe. The overuse of lawn grasses and cultivars in green spaces is one of the most important drivers. Scholars have asserted that spontaneous vegetation provides various ecological benefits and should be widely incorporated in planting design. Factors influencing spontaneous plant diversity have mainly been studied in specific habitats or at the city scale, and findings surrounding the attributes of urban parks that support the diversity of spontaneous plants are lacking. This study aimed to provide a perspective on conserving spontaneous plants through inferring the urban park attributes associated with plant diversity. Twenty-two urban park samples in Beijing were examined to identify the correlation between various park variables and spontaneous vegetation. This study recorded 199 spontaneous plant species, with large historic parks containing the most number of species. Park size was a remarkable predictive variable for the diversity of spontaneous plants. Species richness and diversity in large parks were significantly higher than in small parks; not only in total richness due to the species–area relationship but also in richness and diversity at the community level independent of plot number. Microhabitat heterogeneity and the percentage of green area had the strongest positive association with the richness of spontaneous plants. In contrast, the maintenance intensity, perimeter–area ratio, and fragmentation of green area, deciduous forest, and open lawn patches had negative associations with spontaneous plant richness. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that park area, maintenance intensity, microhabitat heterogeneity, and deciduous forest patches were the most remarkable variables predicting species composition. The correlations of variables related to water and open lawn patches with spontaneous plant diversity were more evident in summer. The predicted variables were also more significantly correlated with the diversity of exotic species in summer than in spring. Perennial herbs were more sensitive to the evaluated park attributes. This study elucidates how spontaneous plants are associated with the attributes of urban parks in Beijing, with critical implications for other large cities.

Городская популяция кряквы (Anas platyrhynchos) в Саратове: зимовка, гнездование, степень синантропизации

The article reflects data on year-round studies of the urban mallard population in Saratov, allowing the assessment of the condition and the study of the factors influencing its formation. An estimate of the mallard population in the winter periods of 2020–2023 is presented. It is shown that the number negatively correlates with frosts and precipitation, and there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the number of people feeding ducks and the number of mallards. The state of the wintering and nesting population is assessed according to the index of synanthropization, the rate and path of penetration of the species into urbanized landscapes, and the stage of formation of the urban population in Saratov is determined. Adaptations of mallards to life in urban conditions and their impact on the ecology of the species as a whole are highlighted. The article emphasizes the need for further research on the impact of urbanization on mallard ecology and the benefits of this species for the urban ecosystem. The importance of monitoring population dynamics for its adaptation to the urban environment and maintaining the stability of the entire population is noted. In addition, the article provides a basis for further studies of the urban mallard population and can be a valuable source of information for the development of local programs for managing the available resources of ducks living in the park area of the city.

Impact of a small-scale solar park on temperature and vegetation parameters obtained from Landsat 8

The effects of photovoltaic solar parks on the local environment are a growing topic of interest, as more solar parks are installed worldwide. Most studies focus on large solar parks, as these usually have more availability for both in situ and remote sensing data. Here, remote sensing data of surface temperature and vegetation were used to assess the impact of a relatively small utility-scale solar park (46 MW) in Portugal, in a region with a Mediterranean climate. Results show that the impact translates into a seasonal pattern, with positive surface temperature anomalies during the colder months and negative ones during the summer, which overall reduces the amplitude of the seasonal cycle. Comparing the operational period of the solar park with the one before its installation yields an increase in surface temperature for the control area of 1.74 °C contrasting with a decrease of 0.23 °C in the solar park area, during summertime (JJA). For the winter months (DJF), surface temperature increased for the solar park and control areas, by 0.4 °C and 1.44 °C, respectively. The effect is similar but less pronounced for anomalies in the inferred air temperature. For vegetation, negative anomalies in winter and little to no change during hotter months are observed.

Estimating carbon storage using remote sensing in the Selo Resort forest area of Mount Merbabu National Park, Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Sulton MN, Putri NRA, Nugraheni RS, Afifah RN, Fadilah RN, Indrawan M, Kusumaningrum L, Sutarno, Sunarto, Sugiyarto, Pradhan P, Setyawan AD. 2023. Estimating carbon storage using remote sensing in the Selo Resort forest area of Mount Merbabu National Park, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6264-6270. This study is of paramount importance for long-term climate change mitigation efforts, as it aims to estimate carbon storage and assess land cover density in Selo Resort forest area of Mount Merbabu National Park (MMbNP), Central Java, Indonesia, utilizing remote sensing techniques. Sentinel 2A satellite imagery, acquired on May 28, 2023, serves as the foundational dataset for this research. Employing ArcGIS 10.5, the satellite imagery was processed to derive the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a critical parameter in this analysis. The NDVI values were subsequently employed to categorize land cover density, leading to the classification of land into five distinct classes: non-vegetation, shrubs, low density, medium density, and high density. This classification process enabled the determination of land cover density. The calculated values for each density class, namely low, medium, and high-density land cover, revealed substantial carbon storage potentials: 12,357.99 tons C, 92,871.04 tons C, and 73,542.06 tons C, respectively. Moreover, the computed areas for low, medium, and high-density cover were 202.59 ha, 364.93 ha, and 348.26 ha, respectively. This study underscores the need for ongoing monitoring to detect changes in land cover and to implement afforestation initiatives in areas with low-density vegetation. Such efforts are crucial for the preservation of land cover and the associated carbon storage benefits, thereby contributing to broader climate change mitigation strategies.

Predicting the Potential Distribution of the Szechwan Rat Snake (Euprepiophis perlacea) and Its Response to Climate Change in the Yingjing Area of the Giant Panda National Park.

Climate change is a significant driver of changes in the distribution patterns of species and poses a threat to biodiversity, potentially resulting in species extinctions. Investigating the potential distribution of rare and endangered species is crucial for understanding their responses to climate change and for the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem management. The Szechwan rat snake (Euprepiophis perlacea) is an endemic and endangered species co-distributed with giant pandas, and studying its potential distribution contributes to a better understanding of the distribution pattern of endangered species. In this study, we confirmed seven presence points of this species in the Yingjing Area of the Giant Panda National Park, and selected eleven key factors to predict the potential distribution of E. perlacea under current and future scenarios using MaxEnt models. Our study consistently achieved AUC values exceeding 0.79, meeting the precision requirements of the models. The results indicated that the high potential distribution area of E. perlacea is mainly located near Yunwu mountain and the giant panda rewilding and reintroduction base, accounting for approximately 12% of the protected area. Moreover, we identified the primary environmental factors influencing the distribution of E. perlacea as the distance from streams and the slope degree, with their contribution rates exceeding 41% and 31%, respectively. In comparison to the current scenario, the potential habitat range for E. perlacea did not show an overall reduction in the context of future climate scenarios. To ensure the long-term preservation of E. perlacea, it is advisable to validate its actual distribution based on the models' results. Particular attention should be given to safeguarding its core distribution areas and raising awareness among residents within the potential distribution range about the conservation of E. perlacea.

Willingness To Pay (WTP) Wisatawan dalam Pelestarian Lingkungan Paska Perubahan Cagar Alam Kamojang ke Taman Wisata Alam Kamojang

The research was conducted in the area of the change of the Kamojang Nature Reserve (CA) to the Kamojang Nature Tourism Park (TWA) so that there was an increase in the area of the Kamojang Natural Tourism Park which was previously 535.01 Ha to 2,391 Ha. The goal of this study was to identify willingness to pay for environmental conservation in TWA after changes in land area. The method used willingness to pay (WTP) for environmental conservation in tourist areas in TWA Kamojang and the factors that influence the WTP value by using logit regression. The results showed that the average willingness to pay by visitors (WTP) is Rp. IDR 51,887 per visit with the option of improving facilities and infrastructure, adding tourist activities such as adequate camping grounds and hot springs and educational tourism of natural and environmental knowledge at TWA Kamojang. The total WTP is estimated to reach IDR 680,339,623 per year. All of the independent variables such as gender, age, income, education, travel costs during the tour affected the willingness to pay (WTP). The most significant factors influencing the willingness to pay for environmental conservation in the TWA Kamojang was age. The management of TWA Kamojang is expected to develop nature tourism that takes into account the principles of environmental conservation

Identification of Ferns in the Suranadi Nature Tourism Park Area, West Lombok Regency in 2023

This research aims to determine the species of ferns (Pteridophytes) and to determine the relationship patterns of ferns (Pteridophytes) in the Suranadi Natural Tourism Park Area, West Lombok Regency. The research was conducted from June to July 2023. This type of research is descriptive research using the roaming method, with a roaming area of 52 Ha. The samples of this research were ferns (Pteridophytes) found at the research location. Data collection techniques are carried out by means of observation, identification and documentation. The results of the research show that in the Suranadi Nature Tourism Park there are 3 orders, 10 families, 16 genera and 33 species of ferns. The fern grouping pattern is depicted in the form of a dendogram, the dendogram was created using the NTSYS application. In this study, the closest level of relationship is species Christella parasitica with species Christella subpubescens namely 94%. Meanwhile, the ferns with the furthest degree of relationship are the species of the family Polypodiaceae and species of the family Thelypteridaceae, with a kinship level of 50%.

Park Inclusive Design Index as a Systematic Evaluation Framework to Improve Inclusive Urban Park Uses: The Case of Hangzhou Urban Parks

This study aims to optimize the evaluation system of inclusive design in urban parks, emphasizing the systemic nature of sensory, cognitive, and motor capacity support and exploring its role in park design practice. Based on the capability demand model, this study constructed indicators through literature collation and focus group discussion and assigned weights through hierarchical analysis to finally construct the Park Inclusive Design Index (PIDI). Then, the PIDI was utilized to assess the inclusive design performance of 48 urban parks in Hangzhou, China. The results of this study show that the overall inclusive design level of parks is relatively low (the average PIDI < 70), especially in the provision of cognitive support (cognitive-related indicator < 4). Meanwhile, comprehensive and specialized parks performed better in inclusive design compared to community parks and leisure parks. The level of inclusive design is moderatory correlated with the park renovation time and the park area, and strongly correlated with geographic location (scenic spot parks perform better; the parks in the old city perform worse). Ten indicators in the assessment scored below 2, which reveals the current status, shortcomings, and general problems with inclusive facilities in Hangzhou’s urban parks. This study integrated the needs and ability differences of people into the indicators, providing an assessment framework with broad applicability. Inclusive performance is a long-term process, and the implementation of the evaluation framework will provide a reference guide for the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of urban parks across China and even around the world.

Evaluation of the Development of Landscape Architecture Using WSM Method

Landscape architecture spans across various dimensions including its objectives, design methodologies, analytical procedures, target clientele, levels of interest, intellectual or knowledge foundations, ethical considerations, connection with the natural environment, and approaches to power dynamics. Within the analytical community, landscape architecture holds a significant role, particularly in landscape ecology, contributing to a comprehensive perspective and wielding influence. The Department of landscape architecture and related fields are spatial Prioritize design to address urban and rural challenges, crafting solutions Parks and garden sand squares etc., considering both environmental and societal needs to foster development and leverage opportunities effectively. This article delves into the practices of regional designers, who configure and organize the design process, while also examining relevant policies. However, regional design principles often exhibit ambiguity, lacking structure and stability, thus presenting challenging scenarios. Moreover, the design process seeks to contribute to broader processes of change, forming an integral aspect of the study. It underscores a dynamic perspective on design, emphasizing communication with stakeholders and the designer's role within the design process, highlighting the need for a renewed cultural outlook. significant portion of the book is that which covers the landscape profession's contribution to the 20th century development to town planning in England and America. Newton discusses the 19th-century English background, including the experimental towns of Saltire, Bourneville, and Port Sunlight and the sociological factors which led to establishing the garden city movement. In Garden Cities of Tomorrow (1902), Ebenezer Howard set out guiding principles which are valid in urban design today: the town and country ideal; limitation in size (32,000 population, 6,000 acres); controlled agricultural buffer zone (greenbelt); development and control by a corporation; planning and density control; separate wards (neighborhoods) developed around the public school; spaciousness for tree-lined streets, public buildings, home sites; ample areas for parks and recreation; provision for industrial employment in municipally or privately owned factories, electrically powered to reduce air pollution; the dispersal of towns separated by controlled agricultural lands; development of intercity transport facilities. The Weighted Sum Method (WSM) is an approach for decision-making and optimization that assesses and contrasts multiple alternatives through a set of criteria. It offers a structured means of amalgamating these criteria, each with its own significance, into a single value. Art in Landscape Architecture, Urban Agriculture and Foodscapes, Therapeutic Landscapes, Socially Engaged Design and Ecological Design. Ecological Impact, Maintenance and Longevity, Community Engagement and Economic Impact. the Ranking of Landscape Architecture. Ecological Design is got the first rank whereas is the Socially Engaged Design is having the Lowest rank.

Local community perception towards invasive alien plant species utilization in Bodogol – Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park

The spread of invasive alien species in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park is considered causes disturbance and damage threats to ecosystems, habitats, and native plant species. There are three invasive alien plant species spread in Bodogol area, a part of Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, namely Maesopsis eminii, Calliandra calothyrsus, and Austroeupatorium inulifolium. Two out of these three species, i.e Maesopsis eminii and Calliandra calothyrsus are well known as useful plants and have a high Index Cultural Significance (ICS). In 2019 a study was conducted to quantify the perception of the community in Bodogol towards Maesopsis eminii and Calliandra calothyrsus utilization. Data were collected through interview and filling out questionnaire by 42 respondents using tri-stimulus amar framework. The results of the study obtained total value of quantifying the perception is 2.24 out of 4.00 in Likert’s scale. The value shown that community in Bodogol had positive perception towards these invasive alien plant species. The factors that affected community perceptions are the level of knowledge about invasive species and the benefits of the species. Therefore, this study is important as input for decisions in determining appropriate management of invasive species in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park area.

Climate Justice in Coral Reef Management: Learning from the Savu Sea Marine National Park Area

This study focuses on analyzing climate justice in the management and assessing the protection model of coral reefs in the Savu Sea Marine National Park (MNP) to realize climate justice sustainably. The research method used a normative-empirical research method with a flow model of data analysis, which examines the implementation or enforcement of favorable legal provisions and written literature or documents associated with specific legal events in society. The research results indicate various potential coral reef resources in Sawu Sea MNP, one of the world’s coral triangle areas. In addition, several local wisdom owned by the community around the coast utilizing fishery resources, especially coral reefs, such as Tasaeb Talas, Kowa Hole, Panadahi, and Liku Ketuga.

Considering the Utilisation of Green Spaces in Potchefstroom, South Africa

Public green spaces, commonly known as parks, play an important socio-psychological, physical, and ecological role within cities. They are believed to support active lifestyles, promote citizenship, reduce air pollution, and offer recreational opportunities and psychological restoration. As a result, parks are designed to serve multiple functions. However, previous studies have found that the quality of parks fluctuates depending on the wealth of residents. This variation in quality (supply of park area or facilities) is expected to affect the utilisation (potential demand) of parks, which in turn reduces the benefits derived from these spaces. This paper sought to investigate if the quality of green spaces affects the utilisation of parks in Potchefstroom, South Africa. It observed three parksin three suburbs in the city to compare the quality provided. Furthermore, qualitative data was collected at each park through 30 semi-structured interviews to determine if the utilisation of the parks was affected by their quality. The analysis indicated that there are marked discrepancies in the quality of parks based on the wealth of the residential areas. However, this did not affect the utilisation of the parks. On the contrary, the study found that poor quality parks in lower-income areas were used more frequently, although not in the traditional sense. The study’s findings shed light on the green infrastructure inequality in South African cities and display the alternative usages of open spaces. The study calls for a review on how green spaces are planned in South Africa and how municipal finances could be used more efficiently and effectively to plan these spaces.

Evaluation of route choice for walking commutes to school and street space optimization in old urban areas of China based on a child‐friendly orientation: The case of the Wuyi Park area in Zhengzhou

AbstractWalking to school promotes the health of school‐aged children. The safety and comfort of the walking environment are lacking in China due to the prioritization of motorized traffic. This paper focuses on the choice of walking routes for school‐aged children commuting in old urban areas of China. A walking route choice model is constructed by combining a weighted Voronoi diagram and the closest facility analysis in ArcMap. The walking route choices of school‐aged children from home to school and the flows along routes are analysed. Based on the model results, targeted design suggestions for updating existing street spaces are proposed.

INCREASING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LEVEL OF THE TERRITORY ADJACENT TO LOCATIONS OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON RESERVOIRS

Accumulation of flammable and combustible liquids on a relatively small area of the tank park leads to an increased environmental and fire hazard of such productions. The possible leakage of dangerous liquid and depressurization of tanks negatively affects the state of the environment in the surrounding area. A fire in a tank is one of the most dangerous emergency situations that could lead not only to significant material and environmental damage, but also to human casualties. The situation is also complicated by the economically determined tendency to use larger tanks, which significantly increases the volume of flammable liquids per unit area. This, in turn, increases the risk of fire spreading to neighboring tanks in the absence of timely localization and elimination of the fire. It is urgent and necessary to improve the methods of researching the properties of the materials of liquid hydrocarbon tanks and to assess the effects of external factors of natural and technogenic origin on these environmentally dangerous objects. The method of determining the dynamic characteristics of shell structures made of steel and partially filled with liquid (petroleum products) has been developed in the paper. A numerical analysis of the dynamic characteristics for the model of tanks for the storage of liquid hydrocarbons has been carried out. The optimal parameters of shell structures to reduce their deformations during fluid oscillations (using the example of liquid hydrocarbons) have been determined. It has been proved that taking into account the elasticity of the tank walls leads to a significant decrease in the oscillation frequencies compared to the frequencies of unfilled shells, while the lowest frequencies of filled and unfilled shell structures can correspond to different wave numbers. Extending the service life of tanks, preserving their tightness and stability under various natural and technogenic influences, preventing leaks, spills and fire hazards is necessary to increase the level of environmental safety of the surrounding territories.

Environmental quality assessment of soil as a component of green spaces in parks of the megalopolis

Intensive land degradation occurs under conditions of accelerated urbanization; it is strongly associated with the loss of soil natural capital, primarily animals, plant cover, and biological diversity in general. The creation and functioning of parks, in particular green spaces, in the urbanized areas is an effective mechanism for optimizing the ecological situation within the cities and preventing desertification. The soils of parks are an integral component of green infrastructure; they determine the conditions for the growth and development of both individual plants and green spaces as a whole. The soil buffering capacity actively participates in the mechanisms of implementation of the development and stabilization of soil fertility potentials. The buffering capacity determines the proportion of the soil potential that controls the processes of immobilization (deposition) and mobilization (release, loss) of a particular element of fertility: first of all, mineral nutrients for plant growth, productive moisture, thermal energy in soil, gas composition of soil air, and acidity. We collected soil samples beneath the crowns of trees growing in the territory of the Taras Shevchenko Central Culture and Leisure Park, as one of the largest parks in the city of Dnipro (Ukraine). The soil samples were collected in order to assess the soil acid-base (pH) buffering capacity (pHBC) and determine the direction of microbiological processes in urban soils of the park area afforested with stands from such introduced tree species as green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), northern red oak (Quercus rubra), tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima), Kentucky coffee tree (Gymnocladus dioica), and box elder (Acer negundo). The acid-base buffering capacity of the urban soil was determined using the Arrhenius method and estimated according to the buffering area within the acid-base range, calculated using the Simpson formula. Direction of microbial processes in the soil was determined according to the indexes of mineralization-immobilization, pedotrophicity, and oligotrophicity. The output was processed using statistical methods (arithmetic mean and standard deviation were calculated; the difference in the means was found according to the Tukey’s comparison test; interdependencies were determined by linear correlation). We have found significant, strong positive correlations between the pH level of urban soils in the rhizosphere area of the introduced species of park dendroflora and the buffering area within the acid and acid-base (total) range of external influence, as well as a strong negative correlation between pH and buffering area in the alkaline range of external influence. We identified weak mineralization signs according to the ratio of functional groups of microbiota in the studied sites forested with Fraxinus pennsylvanica and Acer negundo.

AREA OPTIMALIZATION WITH SYSTEMATIC LAYOUT PLANNING AND CLASS BASED STORAGE METHODS TO INCREASE STORAGE CAPACITY

PT Simatelex Manufactory Batam (SMB) is engaged in Coffee Maker and Pizza Maker. In the manufacture of these products, they are divided into several buildings in the Batamindo Industrial Park area, the products produced are made based on orders from customers. The products produced by the company are mostly marketed abroad (exports).
 In the production of Coffee Maker which is located on Jl. Beringin Muka Kuning, Lot 003, Batamindo Industrial Park Area, Batam. Finished products are then stored in the warehouse area on the ground floor of the building (Ground) which has an area capacity of 60%, so that all finished goods cannot be stored, in addition to using an area of 60%, another cause of finished goods not being able to be stored is all mismatched placement. finished goods include Finished Goods Fresh from the production line and Finished Goods to Shipping, so that there are no finished goods to shipping sequences that are not in accordance with CO (Create Order) and there is a buildup of products in the finished goods area.
 Therefore, the authors are interested in conducting research by anticipating these conditions so that it is necessary to optimize the storage of the finished goods. Improvements made in the form of changes to the flow of finished goods moving, re-layout the optimal warehouse stock level using the Systematic Layout Planning method, and making verbal control monitoring in the warehouse using the Class Based Storage method. From these improvements, the results obtained are an increase in area use by 60% to 80%, and also ensure that the area capacity can meet the company's needs.

The Role of Technology in The Development of Sex Tourism in Lokasari Mangga Besar West Jakarta

Lokasari Mangga Besar itself is a place that is famous for its culinary and entertainment centers. However, the entertainment available at night is different entertainment from most of the entertainment that is popular with ordinary people and teenagers who are famous for sex tourism, such as pubs, discos, and so on. Sex tourism, such as prostitution and harmful entertainment, occurs at night in the Lokasari People's Entertainment Park (THR) area, which increases the atmosphere of life and crowds, especially at night. However, currently, in Indonesia, there is no legal basis or legislation that legalizes or covers sex tourism to this day. However, in reality, sex tourism exists in tourist areas, especially in the Mangga Besar area. Sex tourism in Mangga Besar itself has changed a lot since the pandemiccovid-19, which resulted in several shops in Lokasari closing due to the lack of visitors. They were also forced to make several innovations to market their services using existing technological developments from various applications. This research aims to obtain new information related to changes that have occurred with technological developments and their role in sex tourism at Lokasari Mangga Besar, West Jakarta. The research method that will be carried out uses a descriptive qualitative approach by collecting data through interviews and observation to obtain data information from sources in the local environment as primary data sources. The research results show that tourism marketing and operations in Mangga Besar itself vary from conventional methods to modern methods that utilize the benefits of technology. Most ways of working that use application technology have advantages in terms of income due to more efficient marketing and communication to reach more people, especially new people. The use of technology from various applications such as chat and Twitter has played quite an important role in marketing and offering services in this area.