Parental Influence Research Articles

Parental separation and children's genetic influences on education

AbstractObjectiveThis study focuses on the extent to which parental divorce and separation during childhood affect children's chances to realize genetic influences on educational attainment.BackgroundWhether the family context matters for genetic influences on children's educational attainment remains an open question. Previous research mainly considers parents' socio‐economic standing and overlooks a key dimension of social stratification: childhood family structure.MethodThis study draws on the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to estimate the association between education polygenic scores and educational attainment of adults who experienced a parental separation before age 16 compared to adults who lived continuously with both parents.ResultsResults show that genetic effects are smaller for adults whose parents separated compared to adults whose parents remained coupled. Moreover, additional analysis directed at the mechanisms provided no evidence that the negative impact of parental separation was attributable to adverse socioeconomic conditions during childhood.ConclusionThe findings suggest that distinct inner‐familial conditions linked to parental separation affect children's genetic influences on educational attainment.

Exploring factors reflecting Chinese students’ study abroad destination choice

Japan has become the most popular study destination among non-English-speaking countries in Asia. Within the broader literature on students’ personal motivation and parental influence, this study examines how Chinese students construct motivational factors when Japan is chosen as their study destination. In this study, 17 participants at a Japanese university were interviewed via semistructured interviews to collect data. This study employed a three-stage qualitative data analysis process: raw data coding, data categorization, and thematic development. The findings revealed that the push factors identified by the participants included cultural, educational and career development aspects. The pull factors encompass social factors such as a stable society and convenient lifestyle in Japan, as well as natural environmental features, including beautiful landscapes and scenic views. The study concludes that both push and pull factors play significant roles in motivating Chinese students’ desire to study in Japan.

Parental influence on Coping Strategies in Youth in Situations of Interpersonal Conflict

The goal of the study was to explore ways in which family impacts the etiology of coping strategies in youth in situations of social conflict, with focus on the parental attitudes and their patterns of reacting to situations of social conflict. The Scale of Parental Attitudes (Skala Postaw Rodzicielskich) by M. Plopa, the Questionnaire for Coping Strategies in Parents in Situations of Social Conflict (Kwestionariusz strategii radzenia sobie rodziców w sytuacji konfliktu społecznego) by D. Borecka-Biernat, and the Questionnaire for Coping Strategies in Youth in Situations of Social Conflict (Kwestionariusz do badania strategii radzenia sobie młodzieży w sytuacji konfliktu społecznego) by D. Borecka-Biernat were the tools applied in the study. The empirical study was conducted in middle schools, on a sample of 893 adolescents (468 girls and 425 boys) aged 13 to 15. In the light of the conducted research, it has been concluded that destructive (aggressive, avoidant, submissive) mechanisms of coping with emotional tension in situations of social conflict are shaped by inappropriate parental attitudes characterized by emotional distance or emotional focus of the parents on the adolescent, lack of balanced emotional bond, and high expectations accompanied by excessive discipline and strictness. Among the family-related determinants of destructive coping strategies an important role is played by the patterns of destructive (aggressive, avoidant, and submissive) coping strategies in situation of social conflict presented to the adolescents by the parents. What is more, an analysis of the research material has indicated that appropriate parental attitudes, characterized by support, respect for the adolescent’s independence and their individuality equip the young person with a constructive (task-oriented) strategy that is efficient in overcoming situations of social conflict. It has been observed that a high level of the task-oriented strategy in parents in situations of social conflict causes an increase in the level of the task-oriented strategy in youth in situations of social conflict. It appears that the obtained information can serve as theoretical guidelines in designing parenting strategies that shape individuals capable of coping with conflict in a mature way.

An (un)answered cry for help: a qualitative study exploring the subjective meaning of eating disorders in the context of transgenerational trauma

BackgroundCurrent research on the transmission of trauma and eating disorders across generations is limited. However, quantitative studies suggest that the influence of parents’ and grandparents’ eating disorders and their prior exposure to trauma are associated with the development of eating disorders in future generations. Qualitative research exploring personal accounts of the impact of transgenerational trauma on the development of eating disorders has been largely unexplored. The aim of the current qualitative study was to explore the meaning that participants ascribed to their eating disorders in the context of transgenerational trauma across three generations.MethodsSix adult female participants who had received a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia nervosa completed multiple unstructured interviews, informed by a psychoanalytical methodology.ResultsFour themes were developed from the material that emerged from the interviews: (1) The toll of undigested emotions (2), A need for safety (3), “It’s not just me” – making connections with the past, and (4) “Last link” in the chain?ConclusionsThe themes were discussed in respect of previous literature, with a particular emphasis on Gerson’s concept of the dead third, which emphasises an unconscious compulsion to repeat unprocessed transgenerational traumas. Clinical implications of the research underscores the importance of a holistic approach to the treatment of eating disorders, recognising both individual and familial traumas within the family system. Moreover, the research demonstrates the significant impact that mental health clinicians can have in eating disorder treatment by fostering a supportive, safe and trusting therapeutic relationship.

Impact of Parenting Styles on Adolescent Psychosocial Challenges: How Self-Efficacy Builds a Protective Shield

Parenting styles have a significant impact in shaping how adolescents cope with emotional, social, and behavioral challenges. This study explored the relation of parenting styles, self-efficacy, and psychosocial problems in college students. It was hypothesized that permissive and authoritarian parenting styles would positively correlate with psychosocial problems, while authoritative parenting would show a negative relationship. Additionally, it was expected that self-efficacy significantly moderates the relationship between parenting styles and psychosocial problems. Using a correlational research design, data were collected from 120 college students aged 12-19 years. Standardized measures, including the Pediatric Symptom Checklist, Parental Authority Questionnaire, and Self-Efficacy Scale, were employed. Pearson product-moment correlation and three separate moderation analyses using Process Macro (Model 1) were conducted. The findings revealed that parenting styles significantly influence psychosocial problems. Permissive and authoritarian parenting had association with increased emotional and behavioral issues, whereas authoritative parenting demonstrated a protective effect, correlating with fewer psychosocial problems. Self-efficacy emerged as a significant moderator, buffered the negative effects of permissive and authoritarian parenting and enhanced the positive influence of authoritative parenting on psychosocial outcomes. These results underscore the critical role of self-efficacy as a protective factor in adolescent development. In order to promote improved psychological well-being, the study emphasizes the significance of parenting interventions that encourage emotional support and balanced control, as demonstrated by authoritative parenting. To improve the generalizability of these findings, future studies should examine these correlations across time and in a variety of cultural situations.

Parental influence on Preschoolers’ acceptance of peers with special Needs: The mediating role of inclusion attitudes

Parental influence on Preschoolers’ acceptance of peers with special Needs: The mediating role of inclusion attitudes

Moderating effects of demographic characteristics on the relationship between parenting practices and energy balance related behaviors of Chinese preschoolers.

Early establishment of energy balance related behaviors (EBRBs) may be effective in combating unhealthy lifestyle in preschoolers. Parents are responsible for cultivating preschoolers' EBRBs directly through parenting practices. Although investigating the impact of various parenting practices on preschoolers' EBRBs is crucial to determine which practices should be recommended to parents to help reverse childhood unhealthy lifestyle, it is important to assess whether these effects of parenting practices on preschoolers' EBRBs would be similar across different groups of preschoolers, necessitating research into the moderating effects of demographic characteristics. Baseline dataset was utilized from an electronic health intervention study of Chinese 3-6-year-old preschoolers. Preschoolers' PA and sleep duration and quality were objectively examined using wGT3X ActiGraph accelerometer. Data related to parents and preschoolers' eating behaviors and sleep problems were subjectively assessed using parent-reported questionnaires. The PROCESS macro version 4.2 was used to perform moderation analysis. When the interaction revealed a p-value of less than 0.05 and the 95% confidence interval did not include 0, the conditional effects of the focal predictor at various levels of the moderator were further examined (p < 0.05) to investigate how the relationship between parenting practices and preschoolers' EBRBs varied with different moderator levels. Married parents exhibited the desired outcomes in the relationship between parenting practices and their preschoolers' EBRBs. In contrast, divorced/separated parents showed unfavorable results in this relationship. The association between the parents' and preschoolers' BMI varied depending on parents' socioeconomic status, the preschoolers' age, and the number of children in the household. The preschoolers' age showed different moderating trend on the relationship between parents' PA and preschoolers' sedentary behaviors as well as the association of eating-related PSE with preschoolers' eating behaviors. The mechanisms linking the parents' PSE to the preschoolers' PA, sedentary behaviors, and sleep duration were influenced by the preschoolers' gender and the number of children in the household. The potential parental influence warrants further investigation with the consideration that the relationship between parenting practices and preschoolers' EBRBs varied across different group of children. NCT06025019.

Pengaruh Perhatian Orang Tua dan Minat Belajar terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa SD Inpres 5/81 Tadang Palie Kecamatan Sibulue Kabupaten Bone

This study is a quantitative study with a correlational design that aims to determine whether there is a relationship between parental attention and learning interest on student learning achievement of SD Inpres 5/81 Tadang Palie, Sibulue District, Bone Regency. The population in this study were all students of SD Inpres 5/81 Tadang Palie, Sibulue District, Bone Regency, while the sample in this study was 53 students, namely all students of SD Inpres 5/81 Tadang Palie, Sibulue District, Bone Regency. Data collection was carried out by providing questionnaires and documentation. The findings obtained, parental influence with an average of 131.51 and a percentage of 82% is classified as very good, interest in learning with an average of 136.47 and a percentage of 90% is classified as very good, and student learning achievement with an average of 84.11 and a percentage of 84% is classified as very good. The results of this study also show that the t-value (X1 = 1.806 X2 = 4.797) is greater (≥) the t-table value (1.675) at a significance level of 5%. Thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. The results of the study concluded that there is a significant relationship between parental attention and interest in learning on student learning achievement at SD Inpres 5/81 Tadang Palie, Sibulue District, Bone Regency.

Science curiosity: an analysis examining gender and parental influences

ABSTRACT Background Science curiosity, a critical cognitive-developmental determinant, significantly influences students’ learning outcomes due to mounting evidence supporting its pivotal role. This individual disposition is an effective catalyst driving students’ acquisition of knowledge, skill development, and expertise within scientific domains throughout their educational journey. Purpose Our current research examines students’ science curiosity as a psychometric individual characteristic according to gender and some parental variables. Method and Sample The present study employed a descriptive methodology within the quantitative research framework. Data were gathered from a sample comprising 2351 students enrolled in public secondary educational institutions. Result Our findings revealed significant differences in students’ science curiosity according to categorical variables, such as gender, family income, parental education, and number of siblings. Girls had significantly more positive science curiosity than boys. Our findings also indicated that students from middle-income families who can easily meet their education, health, and social needs but have economic limitations for a more luxurious life have significantly higher scores than others regarding science curiosity. It was also found that students with two siblings and a parent who had graduated from university had the greatest advantage in science curiosity. Conclusion This study’s findings suggest that innovative school policies can be met with home-like science learning environments for students deprived of family involvement—most likely due to low-educated parents—and have very low or very high economic levels. With an environment that combines the warmth of a home, caring science educators who eliminate the lack of parental involvement, rich science materials, and engaging activities, it can be expected that these students’ science curiosity will be stimulated.

Environmental mitigation through responsible consumption: a Markov process model on parental influence

Environmental mitigation through responsible consumption: a Markov process model on parental influence

Community College Transfer Students’ Agricultural Career Decision Making

This qualitative study examined undergraduates’ perceptions of their career decision-making. All of the participants (N=10) were community college students who transferred to the North Carolina State University’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. This study examined the various influences that affect a student's career choice and aspirations, including the student’s perception of their abilities, preferences, and pursuing what they feel is a match between these and potential job requirements; background; parental influence; and curricular and co-curricular experiences. This study engaged students in 20 individual interviews: two interviews with each student over the course of the semester. Key findings included the substantial role of personal interests – namely an interest in plants, animals, and being outside – in prompting the students’ decision to pursue agriculture. Most students were influenced by mentors who were employed in the students’ intended careers. In addition, curricular and co-curricular experiences played an essential role in participants’ agricultural career choice and academic major. A primary recommendation is to connect mentors in agricultural careers with community college students to foster the students’ awareness of agricultural careers.

Students’ Decision on The Choice of Academic Disciplines After Secondary Level Education

This study examines the factors influencing high school students’ selection of academic disciplines in Nepal, using data collected through a structured questionnaire from 260 students in Pokhara Metropolitan City. A mixed methods approach was employed, with two colleges selected through purposive sampling and all students surveyed. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses revealed that personal interest is the primary factor in course selection, followed by career prospects, course practicality, financial concerns, and parental guidance, while peer influence is minimal. Challenges such as financial constraints, limited career knowledge, and pressures from academic expectations and parental influence were more pronounced among students from lower-income families and those with higher GPAs. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions, including career guidance, financial aid, and improved access to career information, to support students in making informed academic decisions.

Warm Parenting Throughout Adolescence Predicts Basal Parasympathetic Activity Among Mexican-Origin Youths.

Parenting that is warm and supportive has been consistently linked to better emotion regulation in children, but less is known about this association in adolescents. Adolescence is thought to be an important period for emotion regulation development given that it coincides with the emergence of mental health issues. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is a measure of parasympathetic regulation linked to emotion and behavior regulation. Despite the well-documented links between parenting practices and emotion regulation, and between RSA and emotion regulation, few studies have focused on the association between positive parenting and adolescent RSA or included both mothers and fathers. The current study analyzed the influence of warm parenting throughout adolescence (ages 10-16) on basal RSA at age 17 in 229 Mexican-origin youths. Latent-growth curve models were used to analyze associations between maternal and paternal warmth and baseline RSA. Changes in maternal, but not paternal, warmth from age 10 to 16 were related to youths' basal RSA at age 17. Specifically, youths who perceived increasing (or less decreasing) maternal warmth across adolescence had higher basal RSA. This finding suggests that positive maternal parenting experiences during adolescence "get under the skin" to enhance parasympathetic functioning that supports youths' emotion regulation capacities.

A social milieu perspective of parental influence on adolescents’ entrepreneurial and employment intentions

A social milieu perspective of parental influence on adolescents’ entrepreneurial and employment intentions

Children’s accounts of parental influence on leisure choices

ABSTRACT This paper explores how children experience parental influence on their leisure time, or the time that they spend outside of schooling, including both organised leisure and casual leisure activities. Twenty-one focus groups were conducted with children (n = 147) aged 10–12, derived from seven primary schools in Ireland. Children discussed their hobbies, free time pursuits, sporting activities and digital media use, and elaborated on their parents’ interventions in this regard. Utilising a childhood studies approach within a Bourdieusian framework, findings indicate the salience of Irish culture and in particular gender as differentiating factors in terms of parental influence on children’s leisure choices. The frequency and type of leisure activity, the cultivation of Gaelic games and the gendered roles of mothers and fathers were key features of parental influence on organised leisure practices. Casual leisure such as outdoor play and hanging around involved less parental influence, apart from digital leisure which was heavily mediated by parents, and in particular mothers. Through a focus on social reproduction, this research demonstrates the social significance of childhood leisure practices for children themselves, their parents and in turn, wider society.

Investigating Determinants of STEM Major Choice Among Malaysian Undergraduates

STEM education plays a significant role in a country’s economy growth. Consequently, innovative and advanced careers in STEM domains are fast emerging because more people are employed in STEM related professions. Literature has identified various determinants of STEM career and STEM major choices including gender, self-efficacy, parental influence, outcome expectancy and aptitude towards science and mathematics. While extensive literature exists on STEM major choices, it is predominantly concentrated on Western countries. This study aims to fill the gap by providing empirical evidence of gender, ethnicity, and high school grades as determinants of STEM major choice among undergraduates in a developing country. The results expand the understanding of how demographic factors influence academic choices in non-Western settings. Practically, the findings can inform policy makers on strategies to encourage STEM enrolment among diverse student populations in Malaysia.

The Impact of Parental Influence on Students' Music Subject Selection at A-level in Ugandan Secondary Schools

This study investigates the impact of parental influence on students' selection of music as a subject in Ugandan A-Level secondary schools, amid declining enrolment in the music subject field. This research paper aims to understand how parental perceptions and attitudes toward music influence students’ subject choices, focusing on concerns over career viability and societal views on music subjects. A descriptive survey design was employed, involving questionnaires and interviews with 211 participants, including at A-level former music students (those who offered music at O-level and did not continue with it at A-level), their parents, school administrators, and music teachers. Stratified random sampling and purposive techniques were used to select respondents from secondary schools in central Uganda, with data collected through structured questionnaires and a Likert scale. Results indicate that parental discouragement significantly deters students from choosing music as a subject at A-level due to perceived limitations in career prospects and cultural attitudes, aligning with societal preferences for traditionally prestigious subjects. Limited generalizability outside of Ugandan A-level contexts may restrict the broader application of findings. Enhanced parental awareness and school-based counseling are recommended to promote music subject as a viable and valuable field.

Australian parents' perceptions of the risks posed by harmful products to the health of children.

Cigarettes, alcohol, vaping and gambling products can cause significant harm to children and young people. The industries that make these products employ a range of tactics that aim to normalize their products and resist policy and regulatory reform. This includes 'responsibility' framing, in which parents are often held responsible for educating their children about the risks of these products. However, there has been very little research, which has investigated parents' perceptions of these industries. A qualitatively led online panel survey was conducted with n = 455 Australian parents who had at least one child aged between 11 and 17 years. Participants were asked questions relating to concerns about harmful products; what they talked about with their children; other potential sources of risk information; and who were responsible for protecting young people from these industries. Four themes were constructed. (i) Parents identified that parental influence, peer pressure, social media and advertising influenced children's attitudes towards these products. (ii) They had concerns about the short- and long-term consequences of these products. (iii) Parents actively engaged in educating their children about these products but recognized that it was difficult to counter industry messages. (iv) Parents emphasized the need for a collective approach, advocating for increased information and government regulations, particularly relating to marketing. This study demonstrates that parents are concerned about these industries and do their best to protect their children from harm but recognize that they need more support. Evidence-based education and comprehensive regulations particularly around marketing are needed to de-normalize products and protect young people.

The Influence of Parents' Gender Sensitivity on the Gender Role Stereotypes and Sexual Knowledge of Adolescents with Developmental Disabilities

The Influence of Parents' Gender Sensitivity on the Gender Role Stereotypes and Sexual Knowledge of Adolescents with Developmental Disabilities

Pengaruh Pola Asuh Orang Tua Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas IV SDI Onekore 5 Kabupaten Ende

The formulation of the problem in this research is: Is there an influence of parental parenting on the learning achievement of class IV students at SDI Onekore 5? The aim to be achieved is to determine the influence of parental parenting on the learning achievement of class IV SDI Onekore 5 students. The respondents in this research were 30 class IV SDI Onekore5 students. The research method used in this research is quantitative expos facto type. Data collection techniques use questionnaires and are supported by documentation. The data analysis technique uses simple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS version 23 program. The results of the research show that there is a positive and significant influence of parental parenting variables on the learning achievement of class IV students at SDI Onekore 5 as indicated by a coefficient of determination of 0.299, which means that parental parenting has an influence on student learning outcomes by 29.9%.