Parents Of Young Adults Research Articles

Burden of COVID-19 infection control among parents with adolescents in relation to healthcare factors

Although the pandemic was adequately managed in Japan, mental health problems, such as school refusal and obesity, continue to increase among adolescents and adults in Japan. This study focuses on how health locus of control (HLOC) prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and dietary style may have impacted COVID-19 infection control and their role in the continuation of psychological burden and exhaustion. Specifically, it looks at how pre-pandemic healthcare and parenting styles influenced the burden of COVID-19 infection control through diet and were associated with depressed mood and overeating tendencies in parents of adolescents and young adults. In December 2022, this study was focused on pre-pandemic dietary habits, health management, and parent–child communication and a web survey was conducted among 908 parents with children in junior to senior high school living in metropolitan areas with a population of more than 1 million to determine their depressive mood and tendency to overeat. The results revealed that mothers had a higher burden of COVID-19 infection control than fathers in all three periods, although the fathers’ burden of infection control was more strongly associated with their depressive mood and tendency to overeat from 2020 to 2022. With regard to the HLOC, internal attribution type was negatively associated with infection control fatigue in both fathers and mothers. The attribution style “family” was associated with increased family bonding during the pandemic, whereas both fathers and mothers were more sensitive to food safety, increasing the burden of infection control.

Health care transition for autistic adolescents and young adults: A pilot rural and urban comparison survey study.

Autistic adolescents and young adults in rural areas face significant challenges in health care transition compared to their urban counterparts. Health care transition, the process of moving from pediatric to adult health care, is crucial for the long-term health outcomes of adolescents and young adults. Previous research indicates rural adolescents and young adults often have greater unmet medical and financial needs, affecting their transition experiences, but there was no study focusing on rural autistic adolescents and young adults' health care transition experiences. This pilot study provides a comparative analysis of the health care transition experiences of rural and urban autistic adolescents and young adults. Ninety-six urban and 84 rural participants (14-25 years old) participated in the study. Their average age was 19.67 years. Just over half of the participants had completed the transition to adult care, typically reporting finishing this process at around 18 years old. A majority had limited discussions with their doctors about transitioning, and those who had discussions often started these conversations late. It also reveals that the responses completed by or with parents of autistic adolescents and young adults tend to indicate that the adolescents and young adults would not make future medical decisions or are uncertain about it. The findings underscore the necessity for targeted support for autistic adolescents and young adults during their health care transition process, regardless of their residence. There is a clear need for targeted health care transition interventions for adolescents and young adults, parents, and health care providers to ensure autistic adolescents and young adults and their families receive adequate support during the health care transition process.

Reducing the harms of cannabis use in youth post-legalization: insights from Ontario youth, parents, and service providers

BackgroundCanada has one of the highest prevalence of cannabis use globally, particularly among young adults aged 20–24 (50%) and youth aged 16–19 (37%). In 2018, Canada legalized recreational cannabis with the aim of protecting youth by restricting their access and raising public awareness of health risks. However, there has been limited qualitative research on the perceptions of harms associated with youth cannabis use since legalization, which is crucial for developing effective harm reduction strategies. This qualitative study examined perceptions of cannabis use among youth from the perspectives of youth, parents, and service providers. We explored how participants described the perceived risks or harms associated with youth cannabis use, as well as how they described their own and others’ approaches to reducing cannabis-related risks and harms.MethodsThis qualitative study used a community-based participatory research approach in partnership with Families for Addiction Recovery (FAR), a national charity founded by parents of youth and young adults with addiction issues. Virtual semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe study included 88 participants from three key groups (n = 31 youth, n = 26 parents, n = 31 service providers). Two main themes emerged regarding perceived risks or harms associated with cannabis use: (1) concerns about cannabis-related risks and harms, including addiction, brain development, impact on family, and various adverse effects on areas such as motivation, concentration, finances, employment, education, physical and mental health; and (2) minimization of risks and harms, featuring conflicting messages, normalization, and perceptions of cannabis being less harmful than other substances. Additionally, two themes related to harm reduction approaches were identified: (1) implementation of harm reduction, and (2) challenges in implementing a harm reduction approach. Specific challenges for each participant group were noted, along with structural barriers such as unavailable and inaccessible services, easy access to cannabis, inadequate public education, and insufficient information on lower-risk cannabis use guidelines.ConclusionsYouth cannabis use is a significant public health concern that requires a multi-pronged approach. Developing youth-centered harm reduction strategies that recognize the developmental needs and vulnerabilities of youth, as well as the important role of families, is imperative.

Personal Growth Among Parents of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities and Psychopathology: The Role of Social Support and Attitudes Toward Service Use

ABSTRACT Introduction Greater psychopathology among individuals with intellectual disabilities, as well as distress among their parents, are negatively associated with personal growth among the latter. This study examines the role of parents’ social support and their attitudes toward service use as mediators of the relationship between psychopathology among adolescents/young adults with intellectual disabilities and growth among their parents. Methods Structured questionnaires which included measures of psychopathology of individuals with intellectual disabilities, parental distress, social support, attitudes toward service use and personal growth were completed by 195 parents of adolescents and young adults with intellectual disabilities or a dual diagnosis of intellectual disability and psychopathology. Results Parent’s perception of the adolescent/young adult’s emotional state and social support were found to be associated with personal growth. Social support was found to mediate the relationships between the adolescent/young adult’s psychopathology and parental distress and personal growth. Parents’ attitudes toward use of services were not found to be related to growth. Conclusions Social support plays a pivotal role in the lives of parents of individuals with intellectual disabilities. Professionals working with individuals with intellectual disabilities should seek to enhance social support for their parents.

Challenges of parents of young adults misusing psychoactive substances in small-scale mining communities in Ghana

Challenges of parents of young adults misusing psychoactive substances in small-scale mining communities in Ghana

Housing independence pathways in Europe: the influence of parents’ socio-economic background in times of economic stress

ABSTRACT The housing independence of young adults has become more complex and uncertain in Europe over the last decades. Previous research suggests that patterns of independent living and housing demand have become more differentiated and socially stratified, especially since the Great Financial Crisis (GFC). The decline in homeownership and the availability of social housing has been accompanied by an increase in private renting and shared accommodation. Moreover, young adults have increasingly relied on their parents for both material and non material support to overcome constraints and achieve independent living. This paper examines how the relationship between parental background and both young adults' leaving home, and their first housing tenure changed during the GFC in different European housing contexts. Using longitudinal data from EU-SILC (2008–2018), the results show that parental background still plays a significant stratifying role in the housing independence of young adults from the pre – to the post-crisis period, particularly in terms of first tenure status rather than home-leaving. The influence of the housing context on both housing market opportunities and the role of parents in young adults' independence shapes the shift from co-residence with parents to living independently in either homeownership or rented accommodation.

Awareness of cancer and its associated factors for parents of adolescents and young adults: A cross-sectional study.

Cancer is a common health problem worldwide. Early cancer education for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is important for the prevention or early detection of cancer. In this questionnaire-based cross-sectional study, we examined the cancer awareness among parents of AYAs. Japanese adults with junior or senior high school children were included in this study. The cancer awareness measure (CAM) was used to assess cancer awareness, and the survey was conducted in December 2021. Warning signs, barriers to seeking help, and risk factors were surveyed using an online anonymous questionnaire. In addition, personal information, the presence of other cancer survivors, attendance at cancer seminars, conversations with children about cancer, interest in cancer education for children, and previous cancer screening were surveyed. A t-test or Spearman correlation coefficient was used to compare the total CAM scores for the individual factors. The relationship between cancer-screening behavior and individual factors was analyzed using the χ2 test. In addition, multiple regression analysis or logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors influencing cancer awareness or cancer-screening behavior. Responses were obtained from the 612 participants. The mean CAM score was 3.7 for cancer warning signs, 4.3 for barriers to seeking help, and 6.5 for risk factors. Cancer warning signs were associated with gender and the presence of a spouse, family member, or friend who had experienced cancer. Barriers to seeking help were associated with age, gender, and education, while risk factors were associated with gender, education, and conversations about cancer with children. Moreover, these scores were associated with each cancer screening behavior. Cancer awareness among Japanese adults with AYAs was influenced by gender, academic background, occupation, the presence of cancer survivors around them, and whether they had conversations about cancer with their children, as well as their cancer screening behavior.

Community-Derived Recommendations for Improving Gender Affirmation of Black and Latine Transgender/Nonbinary Youth.

Gender affirmation is a process by which gender-diverse individuals are supported in their gender identity. Parents are critical in how gender-diverse youth, including Black and Latine transgender/nonbinary youth (BLTY), access various forms of gender affirmation-for example, social and medical transition. Culturally relevant supports are needed to bolster how BLTY and their parents navigate gender affirmation. This study aimed to explore recommendations for aiding BLTY and parents in navigating the youth's gender journey. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of BLTY, BLTY, and BLT young adults (BLTYAs) recruited from clinics, community organizations, and social media. Interviews focused on gender affirmation and recommendations to promote BLTY's gender affirmation. Primary and secondary analysts coded transcripts using a priori and emergent codes. For this analysis, excerpts pertaining to recommended supports were analyzed to identify themes. Ten parents of BLTY, 10 BLTY (14-18 years), and 23 BLTYAs (18-30 years) participated. Participants provided recommendations at different socio-ecological levels. On the societal level, participants recommended improvements in media representation of racial and ethnic minority gender-diverse individuals. For organizations, participants recommended more clinicians who shared minoritized identities, clinicians knowledgeable in gender-affirming care, affordability of gender-affirming services, and school-based education regarding gender diversity. On interpersonal/individual levels, they suggested culturally informed peer support among BLTY and parents, including support groups, peer mentors, and camps with individuals who share their minoritized identities. Participants provided salient insights to supporting gender affirmation of BLTY, which can inform intervention development for BLTY and their families.

‘Before, we ended up in conflicts, now we can provide support’—Experiences of Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) for parents of young adults with hazardous substance use

BackgroundThe prevalence of hazardous substance use is highest in the age between 18 and 25, but few young adults enter treatment. Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) is a support program for concerned significant others (CSOs) of individuals with diverse substance use disorders and is proven efficacious in promoting treatment entry. The aim of the current study was to investigate the experiences of CRAFT among parents of substance using young adults.MethodsWe used a qualitative design conducting semi-structured interviews with 10 parents of young adults (18–24 years) with hazardous substance use. The participants were recruited from a randomized controlled trial of the CRAFT program. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsWe divided the results into three overall domains—Reasons for entering the CRAFT program, Strengths of the CRAFT program and Limitations of the CRAFT program – with three to four themes under each domain. The parents appreciated the accessible support at a time when they needed it due to feelings of shock and powerlessness, and they described communication strategies together with positive reinforcement as the two most helpful CRAFT-sessions. Regarding limitations of CRAFT in the current population, the parents wanted more accessible support for the young adults when they were ready to enter treatment, and described difficulties to practice CRAFT-components due to changing life-circumstances and fear of aggravated health for their young adults.ConclusionThe results provide arguments for the health care system to implement support programs to parents of young adults with hazardous substance use. The results show that CRAFT is suitable for the current population, but with some possible additions due to changing circumstances that are common in the young adult developmental phase emerging adulthood.Trial registrationThe trial was pre-registered at isrctn.com, reference number ISRCTN12212515 date: November 7, 2018.

Postsecondary Planning Perspectives of Black Parents of Young Adults With High-Incidence Disabilities

Informed by disability critical race theory (DisCrit), this phenomenological study explored the perspectives of Black parents of young adults with high-incidence disabilities regarding their experiences with their children's postsecondary planning processes. Fourteen Black parents participated in semistructured interviews and shared recommendations for educator practices. Five overarching themes emerged from the phenomenological data analysis. Namely, Black parents (a) experienced invisibility by a lack of inclusive postsecondary planning, (b) felt marginalized due to collusive forces of ableism and racism, (c) persevered through postsecondary planning processes and beyond, (d) navigated inequities through social supports and other supports, and (e) enacted ongoing resistance and advocacy. Findings illuminate how Black parents experienced their child's postsecondary planning, and we provide recommendations for educators to advance the postsecondary planning needs of multiple marginalized students and their parents.

Letting go of control: A qualitative descriptive study exploring parents' perspectives on their child's transition from pediatric to adult care for inflammatory bowel disease.

Parents of young adults with chronic disease are important stakeholders in their child's transition from pediatric to adult care. There remains a gap in characterizing the parent experience during transition. This study describes the experiences of 13 mothers of young adults with inflammatory bowel disease during their child's transition. Most parents expressed fear and sadness about their child transitioning. Themes relating to involvement in their child's adult care included: direct involvement (sub-themes: disease management; logistics of care); and indirect involvement. Reasons for involvement included themes of parent's feelings and child's circumstances. Themes of involvement were discussed in terms of previous research on parenting of children with chronic disease. We suggest that future efforts focus on improving empathy and understanding toward parents of transitioning children and providing resources on how they can best support their child during transition and transfer to adult care.

"Times of war and time of uncertain peace": Narratives of parents of childhood cancer survivors.

to analyze the meaning attributed by parents to the extended and permanent survival of childhood cancer. qualitative narrative inquiry, developed with parents of adolescents and young adults who survived childhood cancer. Recruitment and data collection involved virtual and in-person approaches. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed according to reflective thematic analysis. a total of ten parents were included in the study. Two thematic narrative syntheses were constructed: "Times of war"; and "Time of uncertain peace", with their respective sub-themes. The cancer diagnosis marks the beginning of times of war in the parents' lives. They experience cancer treatment as "highs and lows" with potential threats to their children's lives. After that, "Time of uncertain peace" are reached, and the balance of the family unit is reestablished. However, the fear of recurrence makes the family peace uncertain, and its maintenance requires constant vigilance and attention to the signs and symptoms of a possible new battle. the results highlight the experience of being a parent of a childhood cancer survivor and can be applied to develop models of care centered on the survivors' family.

Development and Validation of Brief Family Intervention for Young Adults with Substance Use Disorder: A Qualitative Study.

Substance abuse is more prevalent in young adults, putting them at risk for chronic use and early onset of dependence on substances. A well-documented relationship exists between substance use and poor family functioning. Traditional family intervention approaches are time-consuming. To develop a brief family intervention for parents of young adults with substance use disorder. A qualitative research design was used. Extensive literature searches and key informant interviews (face to face) with young adults (n = 5), their parents (n = 5), and mental health professionals (n = 5) were conducted. The interviews were audio recorded. A thematic analysis was conducted using Braun and Clarke's six-step approach, and intervention strategies were identified by examining the themes. In addition, experts were consulted to ensure the content validity of the BFI. The BFI program combines psychoeducation and behavioral techniques for parents. BFI involves seven sessions with parents, 45-60 min each, over one week. The BFI sessions consisted of (1) Engagement and Assessment, (2) Healthy Family Functioning, (3) Psychoeducation, (4) Relapse Prevention, (5) Communication Skill Training, (6) Problem-Solving Skill Training, and (7) Parental Monitoring and Supervision. Considering all stakeholders' perspectives, the BFI manual for young adults with substance use disorder has been developed. However, additional research is required to evaluate its feasibility and effectiveness.

Sign here: Coresidence contracts for parents and young adults who live together

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the content of parent and young adult coresidence contracts, attending to understandings of development and adulthood, processes of socialization, and conflict prevention and resolution.BackgroundLittle is known about overcoming the challenges of parent and young adult coresidence. Popular media encourages families to adopt written contracts to clarify expectations, prevent conflict, and cultivate positive experiences. However, their content, use, and effectiveness have not been empirically investigated.MethodThis work is a qualitative content analysis of a sample of young adult and parent coresidence contracts obtained from popular self‐help and parenting resources.ResultsContract content emphasized the following: parent and young adult rights and responsibilities, timelines around the termination of coresidence and other responsibilities and developmental milestones, legal motifs, punishments and rewards, rationalizing commentary, and room for personalization. Overall, contracts focused on role‐specific rights and responsibilities and positioned young adults as subjects of socialization in hierarchical family systems.ConclusionCoresidence contracts scaffold young adult development according to traditional Western understandings of adulthood. Depending on family circumstances, they have the potential to benefit and harm parent–child relationships.ImplicationsThe asymmetrical nature of coresidence contacts raises questions about their ability to support mutual aims, intergenerational understanding, young adult independence, interpersonal trust, and healthy parent–young adult relationships.

The lived experience of immigrant parents of disabled adolescents and young adults transitioning into adulthood: A narrative inquiry

AbstractBackgroundImmigrant parents' perspectives on raising adolescents and young adults with intellectual disabilities during the transition to adulthood are the focus of this study. Disabled children demand more care and support as they mature and transition to adulthood. This increased care demand places significant stress on parents' wellbeing and participation in social and economic activities.MethodsQualitative interviews were undertaken with purposively sampled immigrant parents of adolescents and young adults with intellectual disabilities transitioning into adulthood. The study used inductive thematic analysis to identify common themes across the data set.FindingsThe birth of their disabled child marked a new beginning in a family's life, characterised first by shock and later by acceptance. Informants experienced challenges associated with language and information access, reduced service, social isolation, skewed gender roles and worrying about their children's future.ConclusionsThe intersection between migration and disability can aggravate the care burden. Knowledge about parents' experiences is crucial for designing rehabilitation programmes, promoting wellbeing and bridging gaps between services recommended by service providers and the actual needs of the family and child.

6 Feasibility and Perceived Benefit of an Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation Approach within a Tertiary Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Setting

Objective:Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor. Approximately 29% of medulloblastoma patients experience postoperative posterior fossa syndrome (PFS) characterized by impairments in speech, motor, and mood. An interdisciplinary rehabilitation approach is associated with greater rehabilitation gains than a single discipline approach for brain injury patients with significant rehabilitation needs. However, literature regarding the feasibility and utility of this approach within a tertiary care pediatric hematology/oncology setting is lacking. The Acute Neurological Injury (ANI) service was developed to coordinate care for neurologically complex hematology/oncology patients receiving active cancer treatment, including those with PFS. ANI care coordination includes bimonthly interdisciplinary team meetings, interdisciplinary goal implementation for each patient, parent psychoeducation about applicable brain-behavior relationships (including PFS) at treatment initiation, neuropsychological assessment at transition times throughout treatment, cognitive remediation, and coordinated end of treatment transition planning. We gathered caregiver perspective on this approach within a tertiary care pediatric hematology/oncology setting.Participants and Methods:Parents of children and young adults (ages 4-20) with PFS after medulloblastoma resection who received coordinated care as part of the ANI program (n=20) were interviewed at least 4 months following completion of cancer treatment. 75% experienced postoperative mutism while the remainder experienced significantly decreased speech without mutism. All received cranial-spinal irradiation and focal boosts to tumor sites followed by chemotherapy per multi-institutional treatment protocol. Caregivers were interviewed regarding perceived feasibility and utility of ANI program components including parent psychoeducation, neuropsychological assessment, cognitive remediation, and interdisciplinary team coordination/goal setting, as well as parental supports. Yes/no responses were gathered as well as responses regarding the perceived utility of aspects of the interdisciplinary ANI program approach via a five-point Likert scale.Results:Surveys were completed by 66% of families contacted. Mean age at first contact with neuropsychology as part of the ANI program was 9.45 years (SD=4.4 years). Mean time between end of treatment and parent interview was 3.20 years (SD=2.01 years). Most parents reported that initial psychoeducation about PFS helped to decrease their concerns (81%) and increased their understanding of their child’s functioning in the context of PFS (88%). They reported benefit from neuropsychological assessment reports prior to initiating adjuvant treatment (92%), at end of treatment (90%), and one year following initiation of cancer treatment (100%), though they perceived less benefit from assessments intended to inform provider interventions during treatment (81% and 66%). Reports were shared most often with schools (75%), behavioral therapists (50%), physicians (50%), and rehabilitation specialists (25%). Parents indicated that the interdisciplinary ANI program approach was helpful (94%) and the coordinated interdisciplinary goal was beneficial (92%). Most parents favored the weekly frequency of cognitive remediation sessions (83%). Much interest was voiced in establishing a formal mentoring program to offer peer support by parents whose children have previously experienced PFS to those acutely managing a new PFS diagnosis (95%). Of note, all participants indicated that they would be willing to serve in a peer mentor role (100%).Conclusions:The interdisciplinary ANI program approach is feasible with perceived benefits to families managing new PFS and medulloblastoma diagnoses and receiving active cancer treatment.

How to make mental health services more youth-friendly? A Delphi study involving young adults, parentsand professionals.

Although youth-friendly service characteristics have been previously identified, consensus amonga representative group of stakeholders about which of these characteristics are truly relevant to the youth-friendliness of services is currently lacking. In our study, young adults, parentsand professionals were consulted on this topic to reveal existing (dis)agreement. In addition, (dis)agreement on feasibility for implementation in clinical practice was also assessed. A mixed-method Delphi approach was used with three online questionnaire rounds and a physical meeting. Young adults (18-26 years) and parents were part of a public panel and professionals were allocated to the professional panel. In the rounds, participants were asked to rate the importance and feasibility of each item. Subsequently, the percentage agreement (% of participants giving a score of 7or above on a 9-point Likert scale) within and across panels was calculated. Consensus was assumed to have been reached when at least 70% agreement was achieved. A thematic analysis of the qualitative data, obtained in the rounds and the physical meeting, was performed to identify overarching themes and characteristics of relevance to the youth-friendliness of services. For 65% of the items included in the Delphi questionnaire, consensus on importance was reached within both panels. Participants showed more insecurity about the feasibility of these items, however. Our thematic analysis revealed reasons for disagreement between and within the panels. Our study revealed substantial between- and within-panel agreement on youth-friendly service characteristics. We recommend that the items for which consensus was reached should be used as a checklist in terms of youth mental health service development, designand delivery. The characteristics for which there was disagreement between and within the panels should inspire an ongoing trialogue between young adults, parentsand professionals both on the individual level and the service level. In this study, (parents of) young adults with lived experience were included as experts, including one of the coauthors. This coauthor contributed to the manuscript by having a final say about the included quotes.

Experiences of Oncofertility Decision-Making and Care in a National Sample of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients and Parents.

Purpose: Cancer and its treatments are known to compromise fertility in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). The emotional burden of possible infertility is reduced in those who receive supportive oncofertility care. In legal minors, provision of health care must consider the legal context and desire that AYAs have for autonomous decision-making, together with their competence to make health decisions. This has important implications for how oncofertility discussions may, or may not, involve parents. The aim of this study was to explore oncofertility decision-making and care experiences in a national Australian sample of AYA cancer patients and their parents. Methods: AYAs aged 15-25 years and parents were recruited from 17 cancer care sites and CanTeen Australia as part of a national AYA cancer care study. The cross-sectional survey included open-ended questions regarding oncofertility care experiences. We used reflexive thematic analysis to identify themes. Results: Data were available for 99 AYAs and 111 parents. Four themes were identified: emotional care needs; parent-AYA dynamics including AYA autonomy and agency; decision-making considerations including values and practicalities; and reflections on oncofertility care and follow-up. Both AYAs and parents placed importance on AYA autonomy in fertility decision-making, but many AYAs appreciated the role of parents in providing support and guidance throughout the process. Conclusion: Health care professionals are encouraged to autonomously engage AYAs around fertility decision-making, while concurrently offering opportunities that promote parental support. Better psychological support and follow-up oncofertility care are also needed.

Social support, resource utilization, and well-being: a survey of adolescent parents in Washington, DC

BackgroundAdolescent parents experience worse health and socioeconomic outcomes compared to older parents. Little is known about the factors that can lead to better health and well-being among teen-headed families. A city-wide collaborative conducted a comprehensive well-being assessment of expectant and parenting teens in Washington, DC.MethodsAn online, anonymous survey was conducted with adolescent parents in Washington, DC, using convenience sampling. The survey consisted of 66 questions adapted from validated scales of quality of life and well-being. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data overall, by subgroups of mother and father, and by subgroups of parent age. Spearman’s correlations were utilized to demonstrate associations of social supports with well-being metrics.ResultsA total of 107 adolescent and young adult parents from Washington, DC, completed the survey; 80% of respondents identified as mothers and 20% as fathers. Younger adolescent parents rated their physical health better compared to older adolescent and young adult parents. Adolescent parents reported accessing various governmental and community-based resources in the preceding 6 months. The most used resources were supplemental food programs, with 35% receiving Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits and 24% receiving support from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children. There was no significant difference in health-related well-being metrics among those who did and did not receive resources. Having higher self-reported social support was positively correlated with higher self-rated physical health, mental health, and well-being, as well as experiencing positive emotions, and was negatively correlated with experiencing negative emotions.ConclusionThis snapshot of the well-being of expectant and parenting teens in Washington, DC, showed overall positive physical, mental, and emotional health. Greater social support was correlated with better outcomes in these areas. Future work will leverage the multidisciplinary collaborative to translate these findings into policies and programs that meet the needs of this population.

HUMANISTIC BURDEN OF INFORMAL CAREGIVERS OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 1 DIABETES (T1D): A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR)

OBJECTIVES: To describe the humanistic and economic burden of informal caregivers of children, adolescents, and young adults newly diagnosed with T1D.
 METHODS: An SLR was conducted in MEDLINE®, Embase®, and PsycInfo® (search date: December 7, 2021) to identify clinical and observational studies assessing the humanistic burden experienced by informal caregivers (i.e., persons who provide unpaid care) of children, adolescents, and young adults aged 6 to 21 who were diagnosed with T1D within three months.
 RESULTS: Four prospective cohort studies and one randomized controlled trial (RCT) were included. Caregiver sample size ranged from 59 to 191. Duration of T1D was 2 to 6 weeks. Among parents of children aged ≤11 years, mothers had a moderate posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity (mean score: 11.9; standard deviation [SD]: 7.4), while fathers experienced mild severity (8.4; SD: 6.2; p < 0.001; Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale). Mothers experienced clinically significant symptoms (defined as score >5) of anxiety (mean score: 7.5), social dysfunction (7.5), and somatic symptoms (5.1; General Health Questionnaire [GHQ]-28). Fathers showed clinically significant anxiety (5.5) and social dysfunction (7.7; GHQ-28) only. Results from the RCT indicated a mean hypoglycemia fear score of 46.6 out of 108 at diagnosis and 34.9 after 14 weeks, with a higher score indicating greater fear (Hypoglycemia Fear Survey-Parents). Parents of children aged >11 years experienced clinically significant social dysfunction (mean score for mothers/fathers: 7.6/7.1) and anxiety (mothers: 5.4; GHQ-28). Parents experienced moderate to extreme diabetes-specific stress (defined as score ≥5; mean score: 6.3; SD: 1.9) at diagnosis, and no to moderate stress (4.5; SD: 2.1) at 3 months. None of the included studies reported on economic burden.
 CONCLUSIONS: This SLR highlights parents of children and young adults with newly diagnosed T1D experience caregiver burden, with a greater burden among mothers than fathers. Due to the paucity of evidence, further studies are warranted to better understand the humanistic burden among this group of informal caregivers.