Parental Self-efficacy Research Articles

A pilot randomized control trial on the feasibility, acceptability, and initial effects of a digital-assisted parenting intervention for promoting mental health in Malaysian adolescents.

Online parenting interventions for enhancing child development, specifically mental health is relatively new in Malaysia. This pilot study tests the feasibility, acceptability, and initial effects of a universal digital-assisted parenting intervention (DaPI) in promoting mental health in adolescents by improving parental behaviors and self-efficacy. A two-arm pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted. Twenty-four mothers of adolescent aged 10 to 14 years from a non-clinical sample were recruited online and randomly allocated into two groups (intervention [DaPI] and waitlist-control [WLC]). Eight weekly sessions were delivered online via technological devices. Feasibility outcomes were based on the participants' engagement in DaPI and study retention. Primary (parental behaviors and self-efficacy) and secondary (adolescent mental health) outcomes were assessed using an online survey at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1), and 1-month follow-up (T2). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and an intention-to-treat approach. The DaPI was well received by the mothers. Retention was high (81.8%) in both groups and intervention adherence was excellent (91.6%). Within-group analyses showed a significant decrease in physical control at T2 and an increase in parental self-efficacy at T1 and T2 among the DaPI mothers. No significant differences were observed in adolescents' mental health at any time point. As for the WLC group, there were no significant differences in all the outcome variables across the three assessment moments. Between groups analyses revealed DaPI mothers had significant differences in proactive parenting at T1, and in positive reinforcement and lax control at T2. There were no significant differences in adolescents' mental health between the groups at any time point. The DaPI is feasible and acceptable in the Malaysian context. Findings show promise regarding the initial effects of the DaPI. However, a larger RCT is needed to determine its effectiveness in promoting mental health of adolescents. https://www.irct.ir/; identifier: IRCT20211129053207N1.

Examining the Relationship between Authoritative Parenting Style and Drug Dependence among PWUDs: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy

This study examines the mediation model between authoritative parenting style, self-efficacy, and drug dependence. The hypothesis infers that self-efficacy mediates the relationship between authoritative parenting style and drug dependence among Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs) admitted to a rehabilitation center. Data was collected from 104 PWUDs who voluntarily participated in the study with consent after securing approval from the center’s chief hospital. The Drug Use Disorder Identification Test (DUDIT), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and Parenting Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) were the tools utilized in this study. Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine the demographic characteristics of the sample. Pearson correlation analyses were employed to assess the relationships between authoritative parenting, self-efficacy, and drug use dependence. Thereafter, a mediation analysis was performed to test the proposed model. The results presented an association between authoritative parenting style and self-efficacy, while drug use dependence was negatively correlated with authoritative parenting style. The authoritative parenting style has a direct effect on self-efficacy, while the direct path of the authoritative parenting style and drug dependence is non-significant. Despite not establishing the assumed causal relationship of the model, the insignificance gives light to a nuanced understanding of the complexity of drug use dependency. It paved the way for the need for future research to explore alternative models, delve into additional factors, and explore factors that may influence this relationship in a more favorable light.

A Ray of New Hope for the Parents of Children with Intellectual Disability

ABSTRACT “Everything has its wonders, including darkness and stillness, and I learn to be satisfied in whatever situation I am in.” Research literature illustrates that parents of children with intellectual impairments are exposed to a variety of stressful life events while caring for their children with intellectual disabilities. The pivotal aim is to determine that the parenting intervention has a meaningful impact on parents’ care of their intellectual disabled child and also to improve the parenting abilities of intellectual developmentally disabled children. It is indeed crucial to strengthen parenting skills through various means or strategies. Thus, the researcher examined numerous parenting practices that can help the parents in instilling positive attitudes to improve their parenting skills so that they can modify their intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) child’s behavioral issues. Researcher has also identified the various strategies and principles to change the inappropriate behavior of IDD child such as acceptance, positive self-beliefs, positive reinforcement, self-efficacy, endurance, consistency, remain calm and be respectful, learn to stand and assertively explore out their feelings, nonjudgmental, and nonpunitive toward their disabled child. Apart from this, behavioral techniques for problematic behavior management such as changing the antecedent, extinction/ignoring, time out, response cost, and overcorrection prove beneficial in making modifications and improvement in child’s behavior. It has been found that parenting skill program brings positive motivation, guidance, and zeal in parents and also enhances personal and parental self-efficacy which further helps to improve the family functioning. In addition to this, parenting intervention helps the parents to realize their own potential to manage their daily life stress, thereby living a happy and successful life with the intellectual disability child. It is estimated that disabilities will cross 10 million by 2022 if appropriate skills are not imparted through training programs.

Factors associated with contemporary fatherhood.

The most prevalent conceptualization of parenting of our time is intensive parenting which refers to parents' overinvolvement in children's lives, placing the child's needs before others' needs, including the needs of the parents themselves (i.e., Child-centrism). Intensive parenting is mostly attributed to mothers as they are still bearing the bulk responsibility for child rearing. Nevertheless, as the role of fathers changed in recent decades it is crucial to examine intensive parenting among fathers and understand whether factors that are associated with intensive mothering are associated with intensive fatherhood as well. The current study uses Belsky's Process of Parenting model to fill-in the gap. Participants were 301 Israeli fathers of preschool children aged 22 to 50 years old (M=36.34, SD=5.01). They filled out online self-report questionnaires dealing with intensive parenting style, child temperament, social support, marital satisfaction, and parental self-efficacy. The model explained 64% of paternal child-centrism. Fathers who reported having children with more difficult temperament, reported low social support, low marital satisfaction, and low self-efficacy, were more intensive in their parenting style. The present findings are discussed in relation to previous findings regarding maternal child-centrism with an emphasis on their important implications for professionals working with families for the benefit of parents' and children's wellbeing.

PREDICTING CHILDREN’S MENTAL WELL-BEING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC BASED ON MATERNAL COGNITIVE EMOTION REGULATION

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the lack of warm, supportive and positive relationships caused behavioral and psychological problems in children. This study aimed to predict the psychological well-being of primary school students during the COVID-19 pandemic based on parental self-efficacy and cognitive emotion regulation in mothers based on the mediating role of the parent-child relationship. Methodology: The present applied research used a descriptive correlation in terms of data collection and analysis. This research was conducted on 385 cases, including students and their parents, who were selected using a random sampling method. The research instruments included the Reef’s psychological well-being questionnaire (18 questions), Johnston and Mash parenting sense of competence scale, Garnefski’s cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire and Fine’s parent-child relationship scale. Two psychology experts assessed the face validity of the questionnaires. Reliability of the questionnaires was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Results: The average total scores of psychological well-being, parenting sense of competence, parent-child relationship and cognitive emotion regulation were 68, 58.3, 72.1 and 61.4, respectively. Maternal cognitive emotion regulation was a significant predictor of the parent-child relationship (p<0.01). We found that parenting sense of competence and maternal cognitive emotion regulations were able to predict students’ psychological well-being through parent-child relationship during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Increasing the level of parenting sense of competence and regulating parental emotions can improve the relationship between parents and their children.

Clinical efficacy and satisfaction of a digital wheeze detector in a multicentre randomised controlled trial: the WheezeScan study.

Wheezing is common in preschool children and its clinical assessment often challenging for caretakers. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a novel digital wheeze detector (WheezeScan™) on disease control in a home care setting. A multicentre randomised open-label controlled trial was conducted in Berlin, Istanbul and London. Participants aged 4-84 months with a doctor's diagnosis of recurrent wheezing in the past 12 months were included. While the control group followed usual care, the intervention group received the WheezeScan™ for at-home use for 120 days. Parents completed questionnaires regarding their child's respiratory symptoms, disease-related and parental quality of life, and caretaker self-efficacy at baseline (T0), 90 days (T1) and 4 months (T2). A total of 167 children, with a mean±sd age of 3.2±1.6 years, were enrolled in the study (intervention group n=87; control group n=80). There was no statistically significant difference in wheeze control assessed by TRACK (mean difference 3.8, 95% CI -2.3-9.9; p=0.2) at T1 between treatment groups (primary outcome). Children's and parental quality of life and parental self-efficacy were comparable between both groups at T1. The evaluation of device usability and perception showed that parents found it useful. In the current study population, the wheeze detector did not show significant impact on the home management of preschool wheezing. Hence, further research is needed to better understand how the perception and usage behaviour may influence the clinical impact of a digital support.

Broadening understanding of executive function in children with different hearing histories: The roles of fathers and coparenting

Fathers and family-level characteristics are understudied but potentially impactful contributors to at-risk outcomes for deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children who use spoken language. We investigated associations between paternal parenting stress, paternal self-efficacy for supporting language, and executive function (EF) development in DHH children and children with typical hearing (TH). Main and moderating effects of the coparenting relationship were also investigated. TH fathers of DHH children (n = 44) and TH children (n = 46) completed the Parenting Stress Index-4-Short Form, the Scale of Parental Involvement and Self-Efficacy, and the Coparenting Relationship Scale. Child EF was assessed via the Behavior Rating Index of Executive Function. Regression analyses revealed that paternal parenting stress was significantly associated with child EF difficulties regardless of child hearing status. Coparenting undermining moderated relations between paternal parenting stress and child difficulties with inhibition in the full sample. Coparenting undermining was associated with greater child difficulties with set-shifting for DHH children only. Paternal parenting stress represents a possible risk factor for child EF development, particularly in families with higher levels of coparenting undermining. DHH children might also be susceptible to adverse coparenting relations. Fathers of DHH children have previously been shown to be less involved and integrated during intervention, and a better understanding of the important contributions fathers have to child development could lead to novel, father-embedded intervention models.

Parental factors affecting their participation in decision-making for neonates with life-threatening conditions: A qualitative study Parents' participation in decision-making.

Parents and healthcare professionals make decisions for neonates with life-threatening conditions (LTCs). Parents may be inadequately included. Limited studies have evaluated influential factors. We aimed to explore parental factors affecting parents' participation in decision-making (DM) for neonates with LTCs. A qualitative study was conducted in four level III neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Tehran, and twenty-two in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted in 2019. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a conventional content analysis approach. During the coding process, participants' words were condensed into meaning units, and 297 open-coded were extracted and then grouped into thirteen subcategories based on similarities and differences. This process was repeated until four main categories were identified. Main categories and subcategories include "parental capabilities" (level of health literacy, emotional state, paradoxical feelings, and perception of the situation), "a sense of parental self-efficacy" (perception of parental role, awareness of self-abilities, and willingness to accept the parental role), "convictions" (religious beliefs and cultural values), and "living conditions" (job balance, household management and caring for siblings, and commuting) were found. Although factors were parental, professionals who care for neonates with LTCs should be trained in family-centered care (FCC) principles to involve parents in DM. Nurses should be aware of parents' abilities and inform them of their rights. Parents' presentation at the bedside prevents their marginalization, reduces feelings of guilt, and helps them understand their baby's behavior and surrounding reality. A formal neonatal palliative care (NPC) program can encourage open communication between professionals and parents. A multidisciplinary team should consider parents' needs and values.

Self-Efficacy of Parents of Boys in Sports Clubs on Meal Preparation and Boys' Dietary Intake: A Cross-Sectional Study of Soccer Clubs.

This study examined the relationship between parents' self-efficacy for preparing meals combining the five food groups (grains, fish and meat, vegetables, milk, and fruits) and the dietary intake of their children who were elementary and junior high school students belonging to a sports club. A total of 365 children completed a self-reported dietary intake form, and their parents completed a questionnaire on self-efficacy for preparing meals combining the five food groups. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between the children's intake of the combined five food groups and parents' self-efficacy score, with frequency of meals combining the five food groups as the dependent variable and the self-efficacy score as the independent variable. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis that was higher self-efficacy scores were associated with a higher frequency of meals that contained all five food groups, with an odds ratio of 1.06 (95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.12; p=0.036). Significant positive correlations were also found between parents' self-efficacy and the number of times children consumed four food types (fish and meat, vegetables, milk, and fruits) at breakfast and three food types (grains, milk, and fruits) at dinner. These findings suggest that parents' self-efficacy for preparing meals combining the five food groups was associated with the number of meals with all five food groups consumed by their children, who were fifth and sixth graders in elementary and junior high school and belonged to sports clubs.

Investigation of the problems and self-efficacy of parents of children with special needs

Bu araştırma özel gereksinimli çocuklara sahip ebeveynlerin yaşadığı sorunları ve özyeterliliklerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. 
 Araştırma tanımlayıcı tipte bir araştırma olup; Aralık 2022-Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Çalışma evrenini Türkiye’nin Güneydoğusunda bir il merkezinde özel rehabilitasyon merkezine başvuran ebeveynler oluşturmuştur. Evrenin tamamı 240 ebeveynden oluşmakta fakat çalışma 152 ebeveyn ile tamamlanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 22,0 paket program kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler (n, %) ve T testi, Anova kullanılmıştır.
 Çalışmada ebeveynlerin %23.7’sinin özel öğrenme güçlüğü ve zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocuğa sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmada ebeveynlerin öz yeterlilik toplam puan ortalamaları 77,62±76,00’dır. Katılımcıların öz yeterlilik toplam puan ortalamaları ile çocuğun etrafa zarar verme durumu, başka çocuk ile dışlanma durumu, ailede başka özel gereksinimli çocuk varlığı, çocuğun ebeveyn ile beraber olması arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir fark tespit edilmiştir (p

An examination of mothers’ self-efficacy and their interaction with their children aged 60-72 months

The present study has the aim of examining the parental self-efficacy of mothers in terms different variables, establishing the correlation between parenting and the general self-efficacy levels of mothers and to identify the characteristics of their interactions with their children in the context of their self-efficacy. Explanatory sequential design, a mixed method, was used in this study. For the quantitative part, 251 mothers with children who are 60-72 months was involved in. The sample for the qualitative part was formed of volunteers out of the said sample and consists of 20 mothers with 20 children in total; in this group of mothers, the self-efficacy levels were determined as low (n=10) or high (n=10). The data were collected through a set of forms, namely the “Demographic Information Form”, “General Self-Efficacy Scale”, “Berkeley Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale Revised”, and “Mother-Child Interaction Games Video Records”. Statistical analyzes revealed that the total scores of mothers' self-efficacy did not differ according to their educational status and social support from their spouses, but showed a significant difference according to the gender of their children, in favor of mothers with girls. Additionally, it was found that mothers' general self-efficacy levels and parenting self-efficacy were positively related. Mothers having low parenting self-efficacy levels exhibit more behaviors gravitating towards a “focusing on success” first and foremost, followed by “sensitivity” and “play interaction”. Mothers with high parenting self-efficacy, on the other hand, exhibited behaviors towards the theme of "sensitivity" the most, unlike mothers with low self-efficacy in games. However, the frequency of behavior for the themes of "achievement orientation" and "game interaction" was also found to be high.

Parental self-efficacy in connecting children with nature in Poland and Iceland. A study using the NCPSE scale

ObjectivesThe article presents the results of a Polish-Icelandic project aimed to examine parents’ beliefs about their self-efficacy in connecting their children with nature.Material and methodsThe international research tool Nature Connectedness Parental Self-Efficacy (NCPSE) scale was used. The measure consists of 22 items grouped into four subscales: I Accessing nature; II Communicating about nature; III Overcoming personal barriers; IV. Overcoming situational barriers. From May to November 2022, a survey was conducted among 244 respondents (129 from Poland and 115 from Iceland ) bringing up preschool children and children in early childhood education.ResultsThe obtained results show that the compared groups differ statistically significantly, mainly in subscales II and III. Apart from the differences, many commonalities were also noted.ConclusionsAn analysis of parents’ self-efficacy is important for parents themselves, researchers, decision-makers, and organizations responsible for strengthening the youngest citizens’ involvement in taking action in and for nature.

Examining the Effect of The Psychoeducation Program for Mothers of Preschoolers on Self-Efficacy Perception of Mothers and Communication with Their Children

The aim of the study is to examine the effect of the psychoediton program for mothers of preschoolers on mothers' perceptions of self-efficacy and communication with their children. The study group was created by mothers who have children ages between 4 to 6 in Selçuklu district of Konya province. Preliminary test - final test, control group semi-experimental pattern was used. A needs analysis form was applied to determine the mothers who would participate in the study. As a result of the needs analysis, 20 volunteer mothers who needed an educational program and could participate in the training program formed the experimental group. The control group consisted of 20 mothers. The training program is 10 sessions of 90 minutes each. The data of the research were collected by Personal Information Form, Parent-Child Communication Evaluation Tool (ABÇİDA) and Parental Self-Efficacy Scale. Non-parametric analyses were used. In the study, it has been concluded that applied psychoeducation program increased sub-dimensions of communication consisting of speech, listening and empathy; also it has been concluded that it has a meaningful effect on the development of self-efficacy perceptions consisting of the sub-dimensions of interest, discipline and participation. By contrast, mothers' messages and nonverbal communication and care and health sub-dimensions of parental self-efficacy were not affected. In line with the results obtained from the research, recommendations for research and implementation have been developed.

Supporting Parental Self-Efficacy in Family Therapy

Parental self-efficacy is a significant factor that influences parenthood. It is important to pay attention to this factor when treating children with conduct problems. This study examined the ways how parental self-efficacy is supported in family therapy, where family has come due to children`s conduct problems. Also, the way how supporting parental self-efficacy changes during therapy was studied. The material consists of one family`s therapy process, that was carried out in an outpatient clinic. Parents’ self-efficacy was supported by various means that were focused on supporting parental self-efficacy indirectly through two processes mediating self-efficacy. In addition, it was found that supporting parents’ self-efficacy changed as the therapy progressed. In the light of these results supporting parental self-efficacy seems to form a significant part of the treatment of children with conduct problems. This study provides new information about practical means that can be used in supporting parental self-efficacy in family therapy.

Does Social Support Promote Parental Nurturance among Asian American Immigrant Families? The Mediating Role of Parental Self-Efficacy

Does Social Support Promote Parental Nurturance among Asian American Immigrant Families? The Mediating Role of Parental Self-Efficacy

Social Support, Parenting Self-Efficacy, and Postpartum Depression Among Chinese Parents: The Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model.

Postpartum depression affects both mothers and fathers. This study aimed to examine the relationships between social support, parenting self-efficacy, and postpartum depression in Chinese mothers and fathers and assess the mediating effect of parenting self-efficacy using a dyadic perspective. A cross-sectional study was implemented from December 2020 to July 2021 in Guangzhou, China, with 309 pairs of parents. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, Parenting Sense of Competence Scale-Efficacy subscale, and sociodemographic data sheet were completed by both parents. Dyadic analysis was conducted using the actor-partner interdependence mediation model. An actor effect is the relationship between variables within an individual, whereas a partner effect is the relationship between variables in the individual and the dyadic partner. In total, 20.7% of mothers and 11.7% of fathers had elevated postpartum depressive symptoms at 6 weeks postpartum. The model revealed 6 actor effects: social support was positively associated with parenting self-efficacy for mothers (β, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.28-0.49) and fathers (β, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.30-0.48) and negatively associated with postpartum depression for mothers (β, -0.22; 95% CI, -0.32 to -0.12) and fathers (β, -0.37; 95% CI, -0.48 to -0.26). Parenting self-efficacy was negatively associated with postpartum depression in mothers (β, -0.41; 95% CI, -0.53 to -0.29) and fathers (β, -0.24; 95% CI, -0.37 to -0.12). Maternal social support had a partner effect on paternal parenting self-efficacy (β, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.04-0.24). Parenting self-efficacy mediated between social support and postpartum depression for both parents (mothers: β, -0.16; 95% CI, -0.23 to -0.10; fathers: β, -0.10; 95% CI, -0.16 to -0.05). Postpartum depression was a dyadic phenomenon. Increasing mother-centered social support has the potential to improve the parenting self-efficacy of both parents and reduce the likelihood of postpartum depression.

Parental Self-efficacy in School-related Performance: Development and Association with Academic Achievement during Secondary School

Parental Self-efficacy in School-related Performance: Development and Association with Academic Achievement during Secondary School

The Impact Of Parental Involvement And Self-Efficacy In Anchoring The Psychological Resilience Among Chinese Adolescents With Learning Difficulties: Mediating Role Of Achievement Motivation

Over the past few decades, there has been a noticeable focus on adolescents' learning and participation activities. Surveys and studies conducted in academic schools in China have reported an increase in cases of adolescents experiencing learning difficulties. The previouis research has linked the concept of learning difficulties and disabilities within the broader cultural, social, and academic context. Existing studies shed light on various factors responsible for triggering learning difficulties and how to resolve them. The literature commonly identifies academic factors, such as the school environment and teaching styles, as potential causes of learning difficulties. However, studies have often neglected social elements, including the role of parents and an individual's self-efficacy. This study examines personal and social factors to analyze their impact on the psychological resilience of adolescents. A quantitative design was adopted where data was collected from adolescents across China through Wen Juan Xing. The findings imply that parental involvement, but not self-efficacy, significantly impacts psychological resilience. Additionally, it was discovered that parental involvement, self-efficacy, and psychological resilience weren’t mediated by achievement motivation. The findings from the study can be used by parents, managers, and other children welfare organizations to develop policies and processes that are supportive of the development and resilience of the adolescents.

Instrument development and an intervention to increase parents' self-efficacy regarding their infant’s sleep

ObjectiveMany Swedish parents experience that their infant has sleeping problems. Parents’ self-efficacy regarding their infants’ sleep may play an important role in how they perceive these problems. This pilot study aimed to develop an instrument measuring parents’ self-efficacy regarding their infant’s sleep and to examine if parents’ self-efficacy was affected by an intervention focusing on parental education. MethodMothers and fathers, at a maternity unit in Sweden, were drawn into either an intervention (n = 46) or a control (n = 42) group. The intervention group received a home visit from a nurse who provided information about infant sleep; the importance of attachment; and advice regarding sleep, breastfeeding and bed sharing, including guidelines for safe bed sharing. Three months later, the participants answered questions on background data, breastfeeding, sleep and self-efficacy. ResultsThe 11-item two-factor Uppsala Parental Self-Efficacy about Infant Sleep Instrument (UPPSEISI) was constructed to measure parents’ perceived self-efficacy. In adjusted analyses, being in the intervention group was associated with a higher self-efficacy (P = 0.035), as were being a mother (P = 0.003) and being satisfied with one’s own sleep (P = 0.007), while parents’ own sleeping problems were associated with a lower self-efficacy (P = 0.015). ConclusionImportantly, parental education may increase parents’ self-efficacy regarding their infant’s sleep.

Who Responds to an Adaptive Intervention for Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa Being Treated With Family-Based Treatment? Outcomes From a Randomized Clinical Trial

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious psychiatric disorder with high morbidity and mortality. The current evidence supports the use of family-based treatment (FBT), but recovery rates are only about 40%. Improving treatment outcomes among adolescents with AN will save lives, improve health, and prevent chronicity. This study examined the relative efficacy of adding intensive parental coaching (IPC) to standard FBT for patients who do not respond by weight gain of 2.4 kg by session 4, a clinical predictor of outcome at the end of treatment, to improve remission rates (>94% of expected mean body mass index). The study recruited 107 participants and their families from across the United States; 69 participants failed to respond early and were randomly assigned to continue with standard FBT or to receive 3 sessions of IPC. Participants were adolescents (ages 12-18) meeting DSM-5 criteria for AN; 6.5% were male, and 11% were Hispanic. Main outcomes were mean body mass index >94% expected for age, height, and sex. Secondary outcomes included change in eating-related cognitions. Adding IPC to early nonresponders did not improve outcomes except for participants whose parents demonstrated low parental self-efficacy at baseline (moderator). Early weight gain of 2.4 kg by session 4 was replicated as a predictor of end of treatment remission. Parental self-efficacy moderates IPC as an adaptive treatment for adolescents with AN. Baseline parental self-efficacy assessment can be used to identify families most likely to benefit from adding IPC to FBT. Future studies should consider earlier interventions to improve early response rates. Anorexia nervosa is a serious psychiatric disorder. While family-based treatment (FBT) has the largest evidence base for adolescents with anorexia, recovery rates are only about 40%. This study investigated the addition of 3 sessions of intensive parental coaching intervention (IPC) to FBT among youth with anorexia who did not gain adequate weight early in treatment, a predictor of recovery by the end of treatment. Youth with inadequate weight gain were randomized to either receive FBT with IPC or FBT as usual. Overall, adding IPC did not improve outcomes among youth with anorexia. However among those whose parents demonstrated low parental self-efficacy at baseline, youth who received FBT with IPC had higher remission rates than youth who received FBT alone. Intensive parental coaching shows promise for improving outcomes among youth with anorexia whose parents report low parental self-efficacy. Adaptive Treatment for Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa; https://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT03097874.