Parental Psychological Well-being Research Articles

The mediation model of social status on the link between parental attachment, aggressive behavior, and psychological well-being: Evidence from two studies in Vietnamese adolescents and young adults.

Little is known about how insecure attachment affects aggressive behavior and well-being among Vietnamese youth. Using structural equation modeling, we investigate the mediating role of subjective social status (SSS) on the paths from insecure attachment to overt aggressive behavior (OAB) and psychological well-being (PW) in a sample of 1753 Vietnamese adolescents (Mage = 16.136, SD = 0.784) and test whether the results will be replicated in another sample of 601 Vietnamese young adults (Mage = 19.93, SD = 1.35). Participants complete a survey comprising demographic information, attachment styles, SSS, OAB, and PW questionnaires. Our main findings include: (a) anxious attachment positively related to OAB in both samples, (b) anxious attachment was only negatively associated with adolescents' PW, (c) avoidant attachment was positively correlated to OAB in adolescents but negatively correlated in young adults, and (d) avoidant attachment was negatively related to PW in both samples. In addition, (e) in adolescents, the mediation role of SSS was significant in all paths, but (f) SSS only mediated the link from avoidant attachment to PW of young adults. The present study suggests that aggressive behavior might not be associated with social status or attachment in the same way in adolescents compared to young adult Vietnamese samples.

Exploring the Pathways to Psychological Well-Being: Residential Mobility, Parental Sensitivity, and Adjustment in Emerging Adults

This study investigated the impact of parental sensitivity on emerging adults' psychological well-being. Using a moderated mediation model, it explored how adjustment (prosocial and aggressive behavior) mediates the association between perceived parental sensitivity and psychological well-being of emerging adults. Additionally, residential mobility was examined as a moderator in the relationship between parental sensitivity and adjustment. A sample of 445 emerging adults ( M age = 21.46, SDage = 2.33) reported the number of their past moves and rated their parents’ sensitivity, their adjustment, and their psychological well-being. Results revealed that high maternal sensitivity positively predicted psychological well-being through increased prosocial behavior. This indirect relationship was significant only among individuals with lower levels of residential mobility. This pattern was not observed with paternal sensitivity, and the model yielded insignificant results for aggressive behavior. These findings highlight the significance of early maternal sensitivity in influencing the adjustment and psychological well-being of emerging adults.

Positive family connections for families of children with a developmental disability: Cluster randomized controlled trial.

Positive Family Connections is a coproduced, positively oriented, family-systems program for families of children with a developmental disability aged 8-13 years. The study was a feasibility cluster randomized-controlled trial which was registered prospectively (International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number 14809884). Families (clusters) were randomized 1:1 to take part in Positive Family Connections immediately or to a waitlist condition and were followed up 4 months and 9 months after randomization. Feasibility outcomes included participant and facilitator recruitment rates, retention, intervention adherence, and fidelity. The proposed primary outcome measure was the family APGAR, a measure of family functioning. Quantitative data were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Sixty families (60 primary parental carers and 13 second carers) were randomized. 73.33% of primary parental carers and 71.43% of second carers in the intervention group attended ≥ 4 intervention sessions, and fidelity of delivery was high (M = 94.02% intervention components delivered). Retention for the proposed primary outcome was 97.26% at 4-month follow-up and 98.63% at 9-month follow-up. Intervention condition was not associated with family APGAR scores at 9-month follow-up (estimate = 0.06, 95% CI [-0.49, 0.61], p = .86, Hedges' g = 0.03, 95% CI [-0.43, 0.49]). However, meaningful improvements were observed for other secondary outcomes related to parental well-being and family relationships. A definitive randomized-controlled trial of Positive Family Connections is feasible. Preliminary evaluation of outcomes shows that Positive Family Connections may be beneficial for parental psychological well-being and family relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The effects of a web-based 24-hour movement behavior lifestyle education program on mental health and psychological well-being in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized controlled trial

Background and purposeCompared with parents of neurotypical children or children diagnosed with other disabilities, parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience poorer mental health, greater stress, and more depression and anxiety symptoms. This study aimed to assess the effects of a web-based 24-h movement behavior lifestyle education program on mental health and psychological well-being in parents of children with ASD. MethodsThis study employed a randomized controlled trial utilizing the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) as a theoretical framework. A total of 318 parents of children with ASD were enrolled and randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental group received an 8-week web-based 24-h movement behavior lifestyle education program, while the control group followed their usual routine. Two instruments, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), were used to measure mental health and psychological well-being, respectively. The data were collected at two time points—at the beginning and the end of the intervention. ResultsCompared with the baseline and control groups, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in all outcome measures (p < 0.01). There were significant differences in the DASS-21 and SWLS scores between the two groups before and after the intervention (p ≤ 0.01). ConclusionThis study represents the first randomized controlled trial involving a web-based 24-h movement behavior lifestyle education program specifically designed to address the mental health and psychological well-being of parents of children with ASD. The findings confirm the potential impact of 24-h movement behavior lifestyle education as a functional and effective strategy for parents of children with ASD.

Parents' Mental and Emotional Disorders and Psychosocial Problems in Children at Public Elementary School 1 Kucur

The psychosocial challenges faced by children may not always correspond with the emotional disorders exhibited by their parents. A robust support system from their social network can significantly contribute to the enhancement of their mental well-being. This study aims to investigate the relationship between parental emotional disorders and psychosocial issues in school-aged children. The research utilizes a descriptive correlational approach with a cross-sectional design, involving 165 students aged 6 to 12 from Public Elementary School 1 Kucur who are currently enrolled in school, along with one consenting parent, resulting in 330 respondents. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-29 (SRQ-29) is used to identify parental emotional issues, while the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) assesses children's psychosocial problems. An analysis employing Somers' D Gamma was conducted to ascertain the correlation between parental mental-emotional disorders and children's psychological well-being. The findings reveal that the highest average score for parental mental-emotional disorders stands at 82.4%. In comparison, the highest average score for total difficulties in children's psychosocial issues is 58.8%, while the highest average prosocial score is 92.7%. The statistical analysis reveals no significant connection between parental emotional disorders and children's psychosocial problems on the prosocial scale (p=0.897) and total difficulties score (p=0.897). In conclusion, the findings of this research do not establish a direct link due to the numerous factors influencing children's psychosocial challenges.

Triangular Model of Socio-Economic and Psychological Well-Being Among Left Behind Parents

The current study aims to examine the social, economic and the psychological well-being in the left behind elderly parents whose children have migrated to the other countries. The objectives of the study were to seek out the role of children migration in the left behind elderly people, to carve out how the migration of the children have in[1]fluenced the psychological well-being in parents, to highlight the role of remittances in the economic well-being of the parents and to examine the reciprocal relationship among social, psychological and the economic well-being. The cross-sectional research design was used to measure the present construct. The study used questionnaire to collect the data. Researcher employed the multistage sampling technique to obtain the data from the 400 hundred parents whose children had migrated. The study concluded that high level of social well-being has the negative effect over the psychological well-being. Similarly, remittances from the children yield economic well-being in the elderly left behind parents. The study suggested that there is need for institutional support from the state to enhance the social, psychological and the economic support for the elderly left behind parents.

Considering Parents of Malignant ill Children in COVID-19 Health Crisis

Aim: Parents of children suffering from malignant diseases indubitably represent a very dainty population, underrepresented in psychosocial research. It is common for these parents to move to the hospital wards in order to support their children, which causes an unnatural cut in their lifeline, in addition to coping with terrifying diagnosis. Coping with a child’s malignant disease includes a continuous feeling of fear and concern, and change in the overall family dynamics, but also the cessation of daily life activities, even outside the context of a global pandemic, some pre-COVID research had shown. COVID-19 brought some additional challenges. In order to protect children’s fragile physical state, parents were obliged to adapt to new rules and distance from the others even more. At the same time, their fears and worries grew only bigger and coping mechanisms were seriously limited. Subjects and Methods: In this paper we investigate parental experiences and needs during COVID-19 crisis. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with ten mothers with experience of children’s in-patient treatment before and during pandemics. Results: According to main findings, theoretical model of parental adjustment and wellbeing in health crisis is proposed. Conclusion: Results imply the necessity to consider parental psychological wellbeing in order to support them and their children, especially when additional stressful and/or traumatic experiences emerge, and treat them as especially vulnerable group in research and practice.

Exploring individual parent-to-parent support interventions for parents caring for children with brain-based developmental disabilities: A scoping review.

Brain-based developmental disabilities (BBDDs) comprise a large and heterogeneous group of disorders including autism, intellectual disability, cerebral palsy or genetic and neurodevelopmental disorders. Parents caring for a child with BBDD face multiple challenges that cause increased stress and high risk of mental health problems. Peer-based support by fellow parents for a various range of patient groups has shown potential to provide emotional, psychological and practical support. Here, we aim to explore existing literature on individual peer-to-peer support (iP2PS) interventions for parents caring for children with BBDD with a view to (1) explore the impact of iP2PS interventions on parents and (2) identify challenges and facilitators of iP2PS. An extensive literature search (January 2023) was performed, and a thematic analysis was conducted to synthesize findings. Fourteen relevant articles revealed three major themes regarding the impact of iP2PS on parents: (1) emotional and psychological well-being, (2) quality of life and (3) practical issues. Four themes were identified describing challenges and facilitators of iP2PS: (1) benefits and burden of giving support, (2) matching parent-pairs, (3) logistic challenges and solutions and (4) training and supervision of parents providing peer support. This review revealed that iP2PS has a positive impact on the emotional and psychological well-being of parents, as well as the overall quality of life for families caring for a child with a BBDD. Individual P2PS offers peer-parents an opportunity to support others who are facing challenges similar to those they have experienced themselves. However, many questions still need to be addressed regarding benefits of different iP2PS styles, methods of tailoring support to individual needs and necessity of training and supervision for peer support providers. Future research should focus on defining these components and evaluating benefits to establish effective iP2PS that can be provided as standard care practice for parents.

Worrying about our children: Parental worry and psychological well-being among Korean middle-aged couples.

When children reach a certain age of maturity, middle-aged parents often reflect on their parenting, harboring continuous worries about their adult children. These parenting experiences are also shared within couples and continue to impact parents' well-being. Utilizing couple data from the 2010 Korean Baby Boomer Panel Study, we examined the dyadic associations of worry about child issues and psychological well-being among middle-aged couples (N = 1,091; aged 47-55) who have at least one adult child (Mage = 23.13 years). Results from the actor-partner interdependence model showed that one's own parental worry was significantly associated with psychological well-being for both husbands and wives (i.e., actor effects). Further, wives' worry about children was significantly associated with husbands' psychological well-being (i.e., partner effects)-but not vice versa. These findings highlight that aspects of parenting not only impact children but also extend to the linked lives of midlife parents themselves. Research on parental experiences at the couple level may inform interventions to enhance middle-aged parents' well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Effect of sleep disordered breathing severity in children with Down syndrome on parental wellbeing and social support

IntroductionSleep disorders, particularly sleep disordered breathing (SDB), are common in children with Down syndrome (DS). We investigated the relationship between SDB severity and parental psychological wellbeing and their perception of social support. Methods44 children with DS (3–19 years) underwent overnight polysomnography and were categorised into three groups: primary snoring, Mild and Moderate/Severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Parents completed questionnaires about their child's behaviour (Child Behavior Checklist), sleep symptoms (Pediatric Sleep Survey Instrument) and SDB-related quality of life (OSA-18), together with the DUKE-UNC Functional Social Support (DUKE) and Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) questionnaires for themselves. 34 children completed a follow-up study after 2 years. ResultsThere were no significant differences between SDB severity groups for parental perceived social support or psychological wellbeing. Total scores on the DUKE were below average and PGWBI scores were indicative of moderate psychological distress in all three groups. Reduced perceived levels of social support were significantly correlated with externalising child behaviour and sleep disturbance. Diminished parental psychological wellbeing was also significantly correlated with increased sleep disturbances and reduced quality of life in children. At follow-up there were no significant changes in any questionnaire outcome, however parents of children with improved SDB severity had improved PGWBI vitality scores. ConclusionThe degree of parent-reported sleep disturbance in children with DS was linked to suboptimal perceived parental social support and poor psychological wellbeing. Our results emphasise the need for enhanced awareness of the detrimental effects of sleep problems in children with DS on parental wellbeing.

Comparative study of stress and psychological well-being in parents of children with and without special education needs during the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic, which rapidly spread worldwide in early 2020, has affected the daily lives of parents and their children in various ways. This study assessed the overall mental health status and stress experienced by parents during the COVID-19 pandemic and the differences between parents of children with special educational needs and parents of typically developing children. Additionally, we explored potential demographic factors that may influence these experiences. In this cross-sectional study, data were collected through questionnaires completed by a sample of 205 parents (103 of children with typical development attending regular mainstream schools and 102 of children with special educational needs attending special education schools) from February to April 2021. Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the short form of the Profile of Mood States (POMS-S), and a demographic questionnaire. Our findings confirmed that parents of children attending special education schools reported higher levels of anxiety, reduced coping abilities, and poorer overall emotional well-being during the pandemic compared to parents of children attending regular schools. The type of educational setting that children attended was identified through multivariate analyses as the only factor consistently influencing all psychometric outcomes. Factors influencing anxiety levels included gender, older age, and family status, while family status and unemployment negatively impacted coping abilities. Taken together, the pandemic appears to have had a greater impact on the mental health of parents of children with special education needs compared to parents of children attending regular schools, highlighting the need for increased psychosocial support within this population group.

Exploring Associations Between Children’s Forgiveness Following Parental Divorce and Psychological Well-Being

ABSTRACT To better understand the disparity in children’s reactions and experiences related to parental divorce, we explored differences in children’s forgiveness following parental divorce. Using different samples of divorced children (children, adolescents, young adults), the current research tested in four studies the basic prediction that children’s forgiveness is positively associated with their psychological well-being. We found that self-reported forgiveness was positively associated with indicators of psychological well-being, for adolescents and young adults, but not for children in late childhood. Furthermore, there was some indication that forgiveness toward the mother, compared to the father, was more important for well-being. The findings are discussed considering broader theoretical questions how forgiveness in the context of divorce may help to restore parent-child relationships after divorce.

Overparenting in Parents of Elementary School Children: The Direct Association with Positive Parent-Child Relationship and the Indirect Associations with Parental Self-Efficacy and Psychological Well-Being

Overparenting in Parents of Elementary School Children: The Direct Association with Positive Parent-Child Relationship and the Indirect Associations with Parental Self-Efficacy and Psychological Well-Being

Parental Attachment Styles and Psychological Well-being in Gifted Adolescents: Insights from India

ABSTRACT Objectives: The present study aimed to understand the relationship between perceived parental attachment style and the well-being of gifted adolescents in India. Methods: A correlational research design was used to analyze the results of the study. Data were collected from 53 gifted adolescents (age: 13–17 years) using the purposive sampling method. The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment - Revised (Gullone &amp; Robinson, 2005) and Psychological Well-being of Adolescents scale (Kulkarni &amp; Patwardhan, 2015) which is based on Ryff’s model of psychological well-being were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using Kendall’s Tau correlation. Results: The results indicate a significant positive correlation between perceived parental attachment and psychological well-being, specifically with respect to self-acceptance and personal growth in gifted adolescents. Conclusion: Findings suggest that perception of trust from parents, effective communication, and reduced sense of parental alienation are positively linked to self-acceptance and purpose of life in gifted adolescents. Parental trust correlates with the feeling of empowerment in gifted adolescents, impacting their willingness to explore new things and find innovative solutions to problems. Diminished feelings of parental alienation contribute to the personal growth in gifted adolescents and vice versa.

Mothers working to prevent early stillbirth study (MiNESS 20–28): a case–control study protocol

IntroductionIn the UK, 1600 babies die every year before, during or immediately after birth at 20–28 weeks’ gestation. This bereavement has a similar impact on parental physical and psychological well-being...

Supplemental Material for Worrying About Our Children: Parental Worry and Psychological Well-Being Among Korean Middle-Aged Couples

Supplemental Material for Worrying About Our Children: Parental Worry and Psychological Well-Being Among Korean Middle-Aged Couples

성인초기 자녀가 지각한 부모의 심리적 통제와 심리적 안녕감의 관계에서 자아분화 및 고통감내력의 매개효과

Objectives: This study aims to examine the mediating effects of self-differentiation and distress tolerance on the relationship between perceived parental psychological control and psychological well-being in early adulthood. Methods: An online questionnaire survey was conducted with early adult children in their 20s and 30s, from which 281 responses were retrieved and analyzed using SPSS 29.0 and the PROCESS macro. Results: The main findings of this study are as follows: First, self-differentiation mediated the relationship between parental psychological control and psychological well-being. Second, distress tolerance mediated the relationship between parental psychological control and psychological well-being. Conclusions: These results highlight the importance of self-differentiation and distress tolerance in improving the psychological well-being of early adult children who perceive parental psychological control.

Psychological Wellbeing of Parents Who Have Children with Cancer at Ambu Cancer Fighter House Foundation

Cancer is a chronic disease that requires intensive treatment. While undergoing treatment, parents of children with cancer are faced with various problems that interfere with their mental health, which can delay the child's treatment process. The aim of this research is to find out the psychological well-being of parents who have children with cancer at the Ambu Cancer Fighters Home Foundation. This research used quantitative descriptions, involving 40 parents who had children with cancer at the Ambu Cancer Fighters Home Foundation. The number of samples taken in this research was 37. The research sampling technique was accidental sampling. The Ryff psychological well-being scale questionnaire was used as an instrument. The data analysis used was univariate. More than half of the respondents had a high level of mental well-being (59.5%), and less than half of the respondents had a low level of mental well-being (40.5%). High levels of psychological well-being indicate that parents are able to face various challenges in caring for their children. Efforts are needed to improve the psychological well-being of parents so they can provide maximum care to their children.

The predictive roles of parental stress and intolerance of uncertainty on psychological well-being of parents with a newborn in neonatal intensive care unit: a hierarchical linear regression analysis

BackgroundHospitalization of newborns in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) exposes parents to considerable stress. This study aimed to determine the predictive role of parental stress and intolerance of uncertainty on the psychological well-being of parents with a newborn in NICU using hierarchical linear regression analysis.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 130 parents of newborns hospitalized in the NICU. Data were collected using Parental Stress Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and Psychological Wellbeing Scale. The data were analyzed in SPSS v.26 using hierarchical linear regression analysis.ResultsThe mean scores of the parents’ psychological well-being, parental stress, and intolerance of uncertainty were 79.08 (SD = 11.70), 63.06 (SD = 26.71), and 75.38 (SD = 19.40), respectively. The result of the hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that, in step 1, academic education had a significant proportion of the variance of parents’ psychological well-being (β = 0.26, P = 0.005). In step 2, it was shown that academic education (β=-0.25, P = 0.006) and parental stress (β=-0.25, P = 0.006) had a significant proportion of the variance of parents’ psychological well-being. According to step 2, education levels, parental stress, and intolerance of uncertainty explained 22% of the changes in parents’ psychological well-being.ConclusionThere was a significant association between the parents’ psychological well-being and education levels, intolerance of uncertainty, and parental stress. Academic education and parental stress were the predictors of parents’ psychological well-being. Based on these findings, early detection of parents’ education and stress are important for their psychological well-being.

Family factors and offline/online risk behaviors among South Korean adolescents: A multidimensional approach using latent profile analysis

The family is a crucial ecological system that shapes adolescent risk behaviors in many ways. However, existing studies have mostly focused on how selective family variables are linked to adolescent’s engagement in risky behavior rather than considering a comprehensive set of family domains. Although new forms of risky behaviors via technical devices are prevalent among adolescents, the relationship between online risk behaviors and family factors has not been fully investigated. In response to these research gaps, the current study aimed to (1) investigate the latent profiles of family characteristics as represented by four domains (parent–adolescent relationship, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, parental psychological well-being, and family smartphone use); and (2) examine features of latent family profiles most associated with adolescent offline and online risk behaviors. Data were drawn from the second wave of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) (N = 2,197), which is nationally representative of South Korean middle school students. A total of eighteen family indicators were used in the latent profile analysis. Five heterogeneous subgroups of unique family experiences emerged: low perceived socioeconomic status (SES), poor family environment, high-quality and low-quantity parenting, high perceived SES, and positive parent–youth relationship. Results from logistic regression suggested that the poor family environment group had the highest risk of engaging in both types of risk behaviors. The findings lend support for adapting a comprehensive approach in addressing various dimensions of family needs and provide insight for future intervention programs and services.