Parental Acceptance Research Articles

A Descriptive Study to Assess the Level of Knowledge regarding Motivational behaviour among Urban Parents towards Their Adolescent children in Academic Performance

Parental involvement and genuine interest in an adolescent’s school life has a significant influence on this academic performance and ability to focus and efficiently manage homework. Brown and Lyengas (2008) noted that adolescents who look parental acceptance, behavioural supervision and psychological autonomy start out at a disadvantage by lacking vital skills needed to he academically successful. Adolescents gain and build upon values and academic goals based on those of parents.The purpose of this research was to analyse how presented involvement of presenting styles influencing adolescent’s academic performance, Objectives are to assess the level of knowledge regarding motivation behaviour among urban parents towards their adolescents children, to find out the association between the level of knowledge regarding motivational behaviour among urban parents towards their adolescent’s children with selected demographic variables.. A descriptive design was adopted to assess the level of knowledge regarding motivational behaviour among the urban parents towards their adolescent children in academic performance. The findings were that the level of motivational behaviour among parents revealed that 7% of women had adequate knowledge 90% of women had moderate knowledge 3% of women had inadequate knowledge.

The Role of Parental Acceptance/Rejection in the Development of Internet Addiction among Adolescence

The present study was aimed at investigation parents' acceptance or rejection in the development of internet addiction among young adolescence. It was a co-relational study; survey method was used for data collection. There were two hypotheses in the study. 1. Maternal and paternal rejection would be significant predictors of internet addiction among young adolescence.2. Male and female students would significantly differ on internet addiction. Sample of the study comprised of 844 young adolescence including 389 male students, and 455 female students. Participants of the study was collected from three universities of Jamshoro District. The age range of participants was between 16 to 28 years. For the measurement of variables Parental Rejection and Internet Addiction three valid and reliable tools were administered on the sample of the study: 1. Parental acceptance / Rejection questionnaire. First, Internet addiction tests; second, Adult PARQ and control: Mother and Father, Personality Assessment Questionnaire; and third Questionnaire about the demographical variables of the respondents. Results of Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicate that both maternal and paternal rejection are strong predictors of internet addiction F (1, 842) = 32.62, p = < .001, and paternal rejection predicts internet addiction more strongly than maternal rejection. t (1,841.90) = 4.72, p = < .001, with a small effect size of r = .16. Over all the study indicates a string role of parental rejection in the development of internet addiction among young adolescence.

Level of Parental Acceptance for Learners with Disabilities

Level of Parental Acceptance for Learners with Disabilities

발달장애아동 어머니의 불안애착과 양육스트레스의 관계에서 거부적 양육태도와 장애수용의 매개효과

This study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of rejective parenting attitude and acceptance of disability on the relationship between anxious attachment and parenting stress in mother of child with developmental disabilities. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 127 people, and data from 109 people was analyzed, excluding 18 people who did not respond faithfully. This study conducted basic statistical analysis using SPSS, and verified and analyzed the structural equation model using AMOS. As a result, anxious attachment was positively significant to rejective parenting attitude and parenting stress, rejective parenting attitude was negatively significant to disability acceptance, and disability acceptance was negatively significant to parenting stress. And in the relationship between anxious attachment and parenting stress, rejective parenting attitude and disability acceptance showed double mediating effect. Finally, discussions and limitations were discussed.

2339. COVID-19 Vaccination in Adults and Children. Cross-Sectional Study of Adults', Pediatricians' and Parents' perceptions and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine in Colombia

Abstract Background COVID-19 (C-19) immunization started in Colombia in February 2021 for adults; in October 2021 for children over 3 years old (yo), and since January 2023 the recommendation was extended to children 6 m - 3 yo. At the time of this study, C-19 vaccine (C-19V) coverage rates were still low in Colombia: adults, first booster: 43.7%; children over 3 yo 67.8% first dose, 47.9% second dose. The objective of this study was to assess C-19V acceptance in Colombia, among pediatricians, parents of children up to 18 yo and adults. Methods In January 2023 we carried out 3 online surveys on C-19V among adults, parents and pediatricians in Colombia. Results Adults 655 adults over 18 yo participated in the study: 80% lived in an urban area, 80% had completed high school, 93% had received C-19V (50% complete primary schedule, 35% first booster); 83% had been contacted by their social security to be reminded about the importance of vaccination. Among the non-vaccinated, 71% did not want to receive C-19V; over 41% said they did not want or did not need it. In the vaccinated group, 66% reported confidence in the vaccines and 55% said they willed would complete their C-19V schedule. Pediatricians 767 pediatricians answered the survey, 52.1% work in private practice. Perception of C-19V risks among pediatricians was low for both adults and children; vaccine acceptance was lower for healthy children than for adults (69.4 vs 96.4%). The main causes for vaccine hesitancy were the lack of scientific information, fear of immediate and long-term side effects, and non-severity of the disease in children (57.3%, 20.8% and 33.3%, and 21.8%, respectively). Parents Of the 646 parents, 86.2% were mothers, 57.7% had postgraduate degrees, 89.4% had vaccinated their children against C-19. The main cause for vaccine hesitancy was vaccine safety (36.6%); 71.2% were informed about how vaccines work, and 64.8% regarding the risks of C-19 in children. Conclusion These results show a high acceptance of C-19V in Colombia. However, coverage rates for were low at the time of the study. This might suggest that besides vaccine confidence, other factors impacting coverage rates should be evaluated, as vaccine access. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

DIFFERENCES IN PARENTS’ READINESS TO ACCEPT CHILDREN’S COVID-19 VACCINATION IN PATI REGENCY

Background: The coverage of COVID-19 vaccination for children in Pati Regency was still low at 37% in February 2022 compared to the 75% target. Some preliminary studies in Kudus showed that parents who received socialization about children’s COVID-19 vaccination experienced concerns affecting their responses negatively to the program. Aims: This study aims to analyze differences in parental acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination for children in Pati Regency. Methods: This study was quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The variables consisted of 7Cs components (Confidence, Complacency, Constraints, Calculation, Collective Responsibility, Compliance, Conspiracy) and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. The total sample of respondents was 372 parents divided into two independent groups obtained by cluster and proportional sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire via Google Forms and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The results showed differences in parental acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination (sig = 0.006) regarding constraints (sig = 0.000), collective responsibility (sig = 0.012), compliance (sig = 0.012), confidence (sig = 0.019), complacency (sig = 0.020), calculation (sig = 0.027), and conspiracy (sig = 0.037). Conclusion: Some differences were found between parents whose children received the vaccine and those whose children did not receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Parents whose children received the COVID-19 vaccine were likely to have a good perception of the COVID-19 vaccination. Meanwhile, parents whose children did not get vaccinated would likely have a bad perception. Educational and consulting services possibly increase vaccination coverage. Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination for children; different acceptance; 7Cs components

Sociodemographic factors and attitudes associated with Australian parental acceptance of paediatric COVID-19 vaccination

IntroductionThe COVID-19 vaccine coverage among children in countries where COVID-19 vaccines are recommended has been suboptimal. Conflicting information in the media leads to parental anxiety and confusion around COVID-19 vaccination in children. The scepticism expressed by certain experts regarding the importance of COVID-19 vaccines in children has also had a negative impact on parental attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. This study aimed to understand parental concerns and preferences for paediatric COVID-19 vaccination, and identify potential vaccination promotion (“nudge”) interventions to optimise paediatric COVID-19 vaccine uptake. MethodsMixed methods including Focus Group Discussions and a Discrete Choice Experiment survey were used. The Discrete Choice Experiment survey design was based on a literature review and the findings of Focus Group Discussions. The study was conducted on a nationally representative sample of parents in Australia. ResultsIn total, 1039 parents participated in the study. Parents showed strong preferences for a COVID-19 vaccine with lower risk of serious side effects and longer protection duration, followed by higher vaccine effectiveness and delivery via oral tablets. Promotion strategies were similarly preferred by parents. Latent class logit analysis identified three groups, interpretable as COVID-19 vaccine “accepters (35.3%)”, “deliberators (31.7%)”, and “rejecters (33.1%)”. The “deliberators” composed of more parents, residing in metropolitan areas, having concerns about vaccine effectiveness, and believing that disease risks outweigh vaccine benefits than the “accepters”. The “rejecters” were more likely to not be vaccinated themselves, and generally have less trust in vaccines than the “accepters”. The “deliberators” and “rejecters” were less likely to be parents aged ≥25 years and complete final year of high school than the “accepters”. ConclusionsParents’ sociodemographic factors and vaccine perceptions were associated with different levels of acceptance toward paediatric COVID-19 vaccination, which may help to better understand how to “nudge” vaccine hesitancy.

Factors Influencing Despair, Self-blame, and Acceptance Among Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Malaysian Perspective.

Accepting and adapting to the child's diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can be challenging for parents. We aimed to assess domains of parental adjustment namely despair, self-blame, and acceptance among parents whose children were diagnosed with ASD. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 111 parents of children with autism who attended Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (CAPU), in a university teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Sociodemographic profiles of both parents and children were gathered. Parental adjustment focusing on parental self-blame, despair and acceptance were assessed using self-reported questionnaires namely Adjustment to the Diagnosis of Autism (ADA). Higher level of despair was associated with parents who have medical illness (β = 0.214, p = 0.016) and children who received antipsychotic medications (β = 0.329, p < 0.001). Parents with tertiary education (β = -0.207, p = 0.023) and those with autistic child attended school (β = -0.200, p = 0.037) have lower level of despair. Parents with medical illness (β = 0.245, p = 0.008), child receiving antipsychotic medications (β = 0.251, p = 0.005), Chinese ethnicity (β = 0.185, p = 0.04), and child's gender (β = 0.283, p = 0.003) were significantly associated with higher level of self-blame. Lower acceptance was found among Chinese parents (β = -0.264, p = 0.005) while married parents had higher acceptance levels (β = 0.215, p = 0.022). Parental adjustment involving domains of despair, self-blame, and acceptance were significantly associated with ethnicity of parents, educational level, parents' marital status and medical illness, as well as the ASD children's schooling status and type of medications used.

Parenting practices and adolescents’ mental health: Serial mediation by parental acceptance and adolescents’ grit

ABSTRACT This quantitative cross-sectional study assessed the serial mediation effect of perceived parental acceptance and adolescents’ grit on the relationship between effective parenting practices and adolescents’ mental health. A total of 761 school-going adolescents (468 females; aged 13–18 years) from the Klang Valley area were recruited using purposive sampling method. They completed the Perceived Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire, Short Grit Scale, Alabama Parenting Questionnaire, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. PROCESS macro analysis revealed that the relationship between paternal and maternal effective parenting practices and adolescents’ mental health were independently mediated by both perceived parental acceptance and adolescents’ grit. This shows that effective parenting practices used by fathers and mothers help in reducing adolescents’ mental health issues as effective parenting is perceived as a form of acceptance and is able to improve grittiness in adolescents. Moreover, a serial mediation analysis found that higher usage of effective parenting practices in fathers and mothers are perceived for higher acceptance, contributing to higher grittiness, which then lowers mental health issues in adolescents. Our results suggest that organizations and individuals involved with adolescents should actively promote the adoption of effective parenting techniques by both mothers and fathers to enhance the mental well-being of adolescents.

Parental acceptance of silver fluoride as a treatment option for carious lesions among South African children with special health care needs.

Silver Diamine Fluoride has become popular as a minimally invasive treatment option for providing oral health care to young or uncooperative children. Silver Fluoride (SF) is a newer development with similar but improved properties. The aim was to determine the acceptance of SDF/SF as treatment option for Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN), including Down Syndrome, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Cerebral Palsy. 51 Parents of CSHCN completed a questionnaire on the overall acceptance of SF; aesthetic concerns related to the location of application; the use of SDF as an alternative to general anesthesia; and the composition of SF. The use of SF on posterior teeth were more acceptable (70.59%) as opposed to its application to anterior teeth (50.98%). Parents generally agreed/ strongly agreed to the use of SF to reduce infection and pain (82%); to avoid treatment under GA (26.70%); and to avoid an injection (78%). 64% of parents indicated their agreement in using SF because it has a reduced cost when compared to a conventional restoration. Majority of parents were in agreement to use SF even if it contains Fluoride (84%) and Silver (78%). The use of SF, as treatment option for caries, was well accepted by South African parents of CSHCN. Shared decision making should be applied when considering SF as treatment option for CSHCN.

Parental Acceptance of Behavior Management Techniques for Pediatric Dental Visits in Qassim, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Behaviour management techniques have been commonly used to promote a child’s positive behaviour during oral health treatment. Parents play an important role in their child’s dental care and its delivery. Objective: This study aimed to determine the most accepted behaviour management techniques used in paediatric dental clinics and assess the parents’ acceptance level for each technique using a visual analogue scale. Methods: This cross-sectional study based in Qassim, Saudi Arabia, used videotaped scenes of seven behaviour management techniques recorded in Arabic. After watching the videos, parents filled out a questionnaire on acceptance of each technique and rated their acceptance of it by using a visual analogue scale. Results: The study consisted of 130 parents, of which 86 (66.2%) were males and 44 (33.8%) were females. 96.9% of parents approved positive reinforcement, which was followed by tell-show-do (TSD) with 93.1% acceptance. General anesthesia (47.7%) was the least accepted behavioral management technique. Conclusion: It is crucial for parents to systematically understand the procedures to be used in a pediatric dental setting. Dentist-parent communication is necessary to address any concerns, thereby creating a safe environment to deliver quality oral care.

Acceptability of Silver Diamine Fluoride

Background: Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) can be used for active carious lesions in primary teeth and can be applied in dental clinics, in school, or in community-based settings with simple armamentarium and minimal support. Silver diamine fluoride causes darkening of carious enamel and dentin after its application. Method: An electronic literature search in Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journal Online, Researchgate, and Google was done in June 2023. Search terms and keywords were combined by Boolean operators. Four independent investigators (research assistants) screened titles, abstracts, and full text of publications. The inclusion criteria were original research articles ( human studies) carried out in African regions and including observational studies (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional), experimental studies (clinical trials, randomized or not) designs, case reports, and case series investigating parents, caregivers, guardians or children acceptability or acceptance of silver diamine fluoride treatment procedure and post-treatment blackening/staining of teeth. Systematic reviews and review articles were excluded. Results: One article was included as it was assessed to meet the aim of the review. It was a hospital-based study. Parental acceptance of silver diamine fluoride treatment with its black staining was assessed using the Likert scale. Acceptance of post-treatment staining of teeth among parents was higher in posterior teeth than in anterior teeth. Conclusion: Only one study on the acceptability or acceptance of silver diamine fluoride treatment procedure and post-treatment staining of teeth was identified among African parents. More studies from the diverse ethnic population in Africa will contribute to the existing literature. J Rang Med Col. September 2023; Vol. 8, No. 2: 53-55

Study on College Students’ Acceptance of Their Parents Having A Second Child and Their Money View

A questionnaire survey was conducted on 432 college students using the Scale of College Students` Money Views and the Questionnaire on College Students’ Acceptance of Their Parents Having a Second Child. It was found that there are significant differences in gender, whether they are an only child and grade in college students’ acceptance of their parents having a second child; there are gender and grade differences in college students' money view; the simple correlation between college students' acceptance of parents having a second child and their money view reaches a significant level, but the partial correlation is not significant. The conclusion is: among college students, boys, non-only children, freshmen, sophomores, and juniors are more accepting of their parents having a second child.

Lessons Learned from the Pandemic in the UAE: Children COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Its Impact on the Choice of Distance versus Face-to-Face Learning Modalities: An In-Depth Analysis of a National Study.

This study addresses the crucial aspect of childhood COVID-19 vaccination and its impact on parental decisions concerning learning modalities during the pandemic. This study aimed to gauge parental hesitancy towards vaccinating their children and its influence on choosing between distance and face-to-face learning options. Following STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional studies, this study surveyed 1973 parents in the United Arab Emirates using Google Forms during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results revealed that while more than half of the parents (51.6%) were willing to vaccinate their children if the COVID-19 vaccine was accessible and affordable, a significant majority (91.2%) expressed concerns about the rapid vaccine development process, which was the primary reason for vaccine rejection. Interestingly, a sizable portion (55.3%) had experienced online learning in the previous academic term, and, of those, 59.6% believed it negatively influenced their children's academic performance. Consequently, 66.4% expressed intent to shift their children back to face-to-face learning once feasible. Significantly, parents with medical backgrounds were more inclined (91.6%) to opt for face-to-face schooling compared to those without such backgrounds. Logistic regression analysis indicated associations between sociodemographic characteristics, educational level and background, and the decision to return children to face-to-face learning. Interestingly, when it comes to vaccine hesitancy, a noteworthy connection exists between the parents' reluctance to vaccinate their children and their preference for distance learning. In fact, parents who responded negatively to vaccinating their children against COVID-19, if the vaccine was available, showed a clear preference for the distance learning modality (p-value < 0.0001). This study underscores the complex interplay of factors and community perspectives shaping parental acceptance of childhood COVID-19 vaccination. The development pace of vaccines significantly influences parents' attitudes and beliefs about vaccination programs. Parents' medical backgrounds exhibit a clear correlation with their perceptions of sending children back to school safely. This highlights the potential impact of parental medical knowledge on decision making, emphasizing the need to consider parents' professional backgrounds when devising education- and vaccination-related policies.

Unsheltered Rainbows: Meaning of Home among Homeless and Runaway Sexual Minority

Home is a warm refuge for many individuals; however, some were not gifted and became unsheltered. Various sociopolitical factors include multiple layers of oppression, mental health, and unsatisfactory relationship scaffold rootlessness. The study aimed to explore the meanings of home among seven gay homeless and runaways. They were recruited through homogenous purposive and snowball sampling. It charted the track of interpretative phenomenological qualitative research and employed photovoice, a visual methodology. Participants were 18 and above self-identified gay men who had experienced youth homelessness for over a year. Framework analysis and triangulation were employed for the interpretation and validation. For the results, the cohort’s meanings of home are forming a non-normative family (nourishing emotional connection with significant non-relatives and achievement of heteronormative goal), characteristics of a home (physical qualities and experiential qualities), positive and emotional environment, emblem of achievement, and genuine parental acceptance. Findings suggest that birth-home and homelessness experiences contribute to conceptualizing and characterizing home as a physical structure and experience. Thus, diversity and inclusivity are social issues that need to be highlighted.

Alcohol Use Disorder Polygenic Risk Scores and Trajectories of Early Adolescent Externalizing Behaviors: Examining the Role of Parenting and Family Conflict in the Racially/Ethnically Diverse ABCD Sample.

This study examined the independent and interactive effects of alcohol use disorder genome-wide polygenic scores (AUD-PGS) and parenting and family conflict on early adolescent externalizing behaviors. Data were drawn from White (N = 6181, 46.9% female), Black/African American (N = 1784, 50.1% female), and Hispanic/Latinx (N = 2410, 48.0% female) youth from the adolescent brain cognitive development Study (ABCD). Parents reported on youth externalizing behaviors at baseline (T1, age 9/10), 1-year (T2, age 10/11) and 2-year (T3, age 11/12) assessments. Youth reported on parenting and family environment at T1 and provided saliva or blood samples for genotyping. Results from latent growth models indicated that in general externalizing behaviors decreased from T1 to T3. Across all groups, higher family conflict was associated with more externalizing behaviors at T1, and we did not find significant associations between parental monitoring and early adolescent externalizing behaviors. Parental acceptance was associated with lower externalizing behaviors among White and Hispanic youth, but not among Black youth. Results indicated no significant main effect of AUD-PGS nor interaction effect between AUD-PGS and family variables on early adolescent externalizing behaviors. Post hoc exploratory analysis uncovered an interaction between AUD-PGS and parental acceptance such that AUD-PGS was positively associated with externalizing rule-breaking behaviors among Hispanic youth, but only when parental acceptance was very low. Findings highlight the important role of family conflict and parental acceptance in externalizing behaviors among early adolescents, and emphasize the need to examine other developmental pathways underlying genetic risk for AUD across diverse populations.

Guardian willingness to vaccinate adolescent daughters against human papillomavirus for cervical cancer prevention in hard-to-reach communities in Mandera County, Kenya

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent disease in women, and in 2020, there was an estimated 604,127 new cases and 342,831 fatalities worldwide. Despite the fact that cervical cancer can be easily treated if detected early, Sub-Saharan Africa suffers the greatest incidence of cervical cancer morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to ascertain parents' readiness to protect teenage girls from Human Papillomavirus. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional descriptive strategy conducted among guardians of adolescent girls in rural area in Mandera. A simple random sampling technique was adopted and data was collected through key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires. Results: The study's findings demonstrated that while parental understanding of the HPV vaccine was low in our study area, parental awareness was high. This resulted in low parental acceptance of the HPV vaccine, which in turn resulted in low uptake. The study participants' degree of vaccination acceptance was low (30%), with the majority showing hesitation (54%). Socio-cultural factors and religion were identified as the main barriers to HPV vaccine acceptance among the participants. Conclusions: The findings of our study demonstrate that although guardians in the research area had a high level of awareness of the HPV vaccine, there was poor uptake of the vaccine due to low knowledge and sociocultural reasons. Despite the fact that these services were both ample and accessible.

Relationship between Parents Acceptance with Effectiveness, Risk and Procedures of Provisioning Covid-19 Vaccine in Children Aged 6-11 Years in East Kolaka Regency

Introduction: Parents acceptance of this Covid-19 vaccination is a challenge in the success of the Covid-19 vaccination program. This study was to identify the relationship between parental acceptance (Effectiveness, Risk, and Procedure for Giving the Covid-19 Vaccine).&#x0D; Methods: This research is a quantitative study with a Cross-Sectional Study approach. The population in this study were all children aged 6-11 years domiciled in East Kolaka Regency. The sampling technique was simple random sampling, with a sample of 369 respondents.&#x0D; Results: The study showed that of the 369 respondents who received the Covid-19 vaccination well, 203 (55.0%) respondents and 166 (45.0%) respondents who received poor reception. Based on statistical tests, it shows that there is a significant weak category relationship between parental acceptance and the effectiveness of giving Covid-19 vaccination (p value = 0.000) and parental acceptance with the risk of giving Covid-19 vaccination (p value = 0.000) while the variable procedure for giving Covid vaccination is (p value = 0.117) which means there is no significant relationship with parental acceptance of Covid-19 vaccination.&#x0D; Conclusion: Public awareness is needed to be active and participate in vaccination activities as an effort to protect themselves, their families and others. Also as a form of support for the government's efforts to suppress Covid-19 cases.

Predictors of Parental Acceptance towards Contemporary Behavior Management Techniques Used in Pediatric Dentistry: A Preliminary Study on Turkish Population.

Parents, who make the final decision regarding their child's treatment, play a significant role in their dental care. Parental approval is important for each stage of treatment and may affect the physician's approach to the treatment. Therefore, it is essential for pediatric dentists to comprehend which behavior management techniques (BMTs) are acceptable to parents and to identify the factors that influence their acceptability. Parents who were bringing their children for dental treatment answered a survey on the acceptance of twenty contemporary BMTs. The sociodemographic data of the parents and the age, gender, and Frankl behavior rating scale (Frankl) scores of their children were recorded. Parents were asked to indicate their level of acceptance of each BMT. Binary logistic regression analysis was designed to see the predictors of "accepted" and "declined" answers. According to acceptance frequencies, the most accepted technique was communication and communicative guidance. The most declined technique was parental absence. The child's age, gender, Frankl score, parental educational status, and parent type predict the acceptability of some BMTs. This study revealed that pediatric dentists must consider parent and child factors when selecting BMTs for children. We believe that this study can provide a basis for determining which factors pediatric dentists should consider when selecting individualized BMTs.

49 Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Acceptance in Parents of Children Aged 5-11

Abstract Background Despite the well-studied benefits and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, many caregivers of children aged 5 to 11 years old remain hesitant to have their child vaccinated. Reasons for vaccine non-acceptance and barriers specific to children aged 5-11 and caregivers are poorly understood. Objectives Our study aims to: 1) Assess proportion of parents who are acceptant of vaccines in different populations/settings; 2) Identify parent and children characteristics associated with vaccine acceptance; and 3) Identify reasons for vaccine non-acceptance. Design/Methods Medline, Embase, Cochrane and CINAHL were searched using predefined search terms to identify relevant studies published between October 29, 2021 and September 12, 2022. Studies were assessed for inclusion/exclusion by two authors, and discrepancies were resolved by discussion with a senior author. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled proportion of parents who are acceptant of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Results A total of 1571 articles were identified for full text review, of which 30 were included. Twenty-four studies were conducted in high income countries, three in upper middle-income countries and three in low- to middle-income countries. The pooled effects size for vaccine acceptance in caregivers of children aged 5-11 years was calculated as 54% (95% confidence interval 47–60%), with considerable between-study heterogeneity (I2 of 99.04%). Characteristics associated with vaccine acceptance included caregivers being vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 themselves, and higher parental education. Common reasons for vaccine non-acceptance consisted of vaccine safety/efficacy concerns and perception children being less susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with adults. Conclusion The overall proportion of caregivers being acceptant of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for their child aged 5-11 was found to be low, with the main barriers relating to vaccine safety concerns and health education. Further studies exploring these barriers and potential solutions to increase vaccine confidence and uptake in this age group are needed.