Survey Of Parents Research Articles

중등학생의 인지조절전략과 학업 효능감의 관계

Objectives This study empirically examined how cognitive self-regulated learning strategies influence students' academic self-efficacy, considering variations in family backgrounds.
 Methods To achieve this, data from the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th waves of the Korean Educational Longitudinal Study (KELS) 2013 cohort were used, selecting data based on the inclusion of cognitive self-regulated learning strategies in surveys (2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th waves), post-middle school time points (3rd, 5th, 7th waves), and parental demographic background surveys (1st wave).
 Results Analyzing three time points of longitudinal data, vulnerable students showed lower academic self-efficacy and cognitive self-regulated learning strategies compared to non-vulnerable students. Using a two-way fixed effects model, an increase in cognitive self-regulated learning strategies had a static effect on changes in academic self-efficacy, with a greater impact observed among vulnerable students.
 Conclusions This study suggests evidence that socioeconomic-based disparities in students' academic self-efficacy can be mitigated. The need for additional cognitive self-regulated learning strategy education for vulnerable students is emphasized.

Vaccination Timeliness Among US Children Aged 0-19 Months, National Immunization Survey–Child 2011-2021

Delays in receiving vaccinations lead to greater vaccine-preventable disease risk. Timeliness of receipt of recommended vaccinations is not routinely tracked in the US, either overall or for populations that have known barriers to accessing routine health care, including lower-income families and children. To measure vaccination timeliness among US children aged 0 to 19 months, overall and by socioeconomic indicators. This serial, cross-sectional study analyzed nationally representative data from the 2011 to 2021 National Immunization Survey-Child (NIS-Child), an annual survey of parents, with immunization histories collected from clinicians administering vaccines. The 2020 and 2021 surveys largely reflected vaccinations in the US before the COVID-19 pandemic. Study participants included US children surveyed at ages 19 to 35 months. Data were analyzed from January to August 2023. Survey year. The primary outcomes were average days undervaccinated (ADU) and percentage of children who received all vaccine doses on time (ie, 0 days undervaccinated) for the combined 7-vaccine series up to age 19 months. The mean adjusted annual change in on-time vaccination by socioeconomic indicators was calculated by use of multivariable log-linked binomial regression models. The surveys included 179 154 children (92 248 boys [51.2%]); 74 479 (31.4%, weighted) lived above the federal poverty level with more than $75 000 in annual family income, 58 961 (32.4%) lived at or above the poverty level with $75 000 or less in annual family income, and 39 564 (30.2%) lived below the poverty level. Overall, the median (IQR) ADU for the combined 7-vaccine series in the US decreased from 22.3 (0.4-71.5) days in the 2011 survey to 11.9 (0.0-55.5) days in the 2021 survey. The prevalence of on-time receipt of the combined 7-vaccine series increased from 22.5% (95% CI, 21.4%-23.6%) to 35.6% (95% CI, 34.2%-37.0%). Although children with more than $75 000 in annual family income had a 4.6% (95% CI, 4.0%-5.2%) mean annual increase in on-time vaccination, the mean annual increase was 2.8% (95% CI, 2.0%-3.6%) for children living at or above the poverty level with $75 000 or less in annual family income and 2.0% (95% CI, 1.0%-3.0%) for children living below the poverty level. In this cross-sectional study of NIS-Child data, improvements in vaccination timeliness were observed from the 2011 to the 2021 survey. However, widening disparities by socioeconomic indicators signal that increased efforts to facilitate timely vaccination among children in lower-income families are needed.

A Longitudinal Examination of Direct and Indirect Influences of Parental Behaviors on Child Physical Activity

Many children do not realize the physical health, mental health, cognitive, and academic benefits of physical activity because they are insufficiently active. Effectively promoting physical activity in children requires understanding the determinants of physical activity. Parent physical activity and support for physical activity have emerged as central influences, but few studies have applied longitudinal designs and device-based measures of child physical activity. The purposes of this cohort study were to examine direct associations between parent physical activity and child physical activity, parent physical activity and parent support for physical activity, and parent support and child physical activity; and to examine indirect associations between parent physical activity and child physical activity, mediated through parent support behaviors. We used structural equation modeling with panel analysis to examine direct and indirect influences of parent physical activity and support on 7th grade children’s physical activity, adjusted for 5th grade levels. Parent surveys were administered at the 5th grade time-point. Parent physical activity indirectly affected child physical activity, mediated through the parent support behavior of providing transportation for physical activity. Parent physical activity was also directly related to four parent support behaviors. Increasing parent support for child physical activity, and possibly parent physical activity, may be effective approaches to increasing child physical activity.

Barriers to Accessing Paid Parental Leave Among Birthing Parents With Perinatal Health Complications: A Multiple-Methods Study

IntroductionEven in the small number of U.S. states with paid parental leave (PPL) programs, studies have found awareness of PPL remains low and unevenly distributed among parents. Moreover, little is known about whether parents with perinatal health complications have unmet needs in obtaining information about and support for accessing parental leave during that time. This study aims to address this research gap. Given the strong evidence linking paid leave with improvements in maternal and infant health, it is critical to evaluate access among vulnerable populations. MethodsWe used a multiple methods approach, including a subset of the 2016–2017 Bay Area Parental Leave Survey of Mothers (analytic sample = 1,007) and interview data from mothers who stayed at a neonatal intensive care unit in 2019 (n = 7). All participants resided at that time in California, a state that offers PPL. The independent variable for the survey analysis was a composite measure of perinatal complications, quantified as binary with a value of 1 if respondents reported experiencing any of the four complications: poor maternal mental health during or after pregnancy, premature birth, or poor infant health. Dependent variables for the survey analysis measured lack of support or information for accessing PPL. We used linear probability models to assess the relationship between perinatal complications and PPL support. Thematic analysis was conducted with the interview data to understand how perinatal complications shape the process of accessing PPL. ResultsSurvey results revealed that parents with perinatal complications had a lower understanding of PPL benefits and low overall support for accessing leave, including from employers, compared with parents without perinatal complications. From interviews, we learned that perinatal complications present unique challenges to parents navigating PPL. There were multiple entities involved in managing leave and providing information, such as the benefits coordinator and employers. Supervisors were reported as providers of critical emotional and financial support. ConclusionsTaken together, the findings from surveys and interviews suggest that health care and human resources personnel should be better equipped to provide information and support, particularly to those who experience perinatal complications and might struggle to complete paperwork while facing health challenges.

From Protest to Child-Rearing: How Movement Politics Shape Socialization Priorities

Abstract Classic political behavior studies assert that childhood socialization can contribute to later political orientations. But, as adults consider how to introduce children to politics, what shapes their decisions? We argue socialization is itself political with adults changing their socialization priorities in response to salient political events including social movements. Using Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests and race socialization as a case, we show the summer 2020 information environment coupled movement-consistent concepts of race with child-rearing guidance. A survey of white parents after the summer activism suggests that many—but especially Democrats and those near peaceful protest epicenters—prioritized new forms of race socialization. Further, nearly 2 years after the protests’ height, priming BLM changes support for race-related curricular materials among white Americans. Our work casts political socialization in a new light, reviving an old literature, and has implications for when today’s children become tomorrow’s voters.

Parent strategies for improving compliance with eyeglass wear in young children.

Results of this study provide preliminary data on parent strategies for improving compliance with eyeglass treatment in young children, an age group for which previous data are limited. Parent responses provide important insights to support parents of young children who wear eyeglasses and provide preliminary data to guide additional research. The goal of this exploratory study was to learn more about parents' strategies to improve compliance with eyeglass treatment of young children. An online survey of parents of 1-year-old to less than 5-year-old children who wear eyeglasses was conducted. Parents indicated whether they used various strategies to encourage wear and were asked to provide advice for parents of young children recently prescribed eyeglasses. Use of various strategies by age was determined. Open-ended responses regarding advice for other parents were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The final sample included 104 parents who were predominantly White (81%), non-Hispanic (76%), and college graduates (68%). During the 2 weeks prior to survey completion, 74% of parents reported their child wore their eyeglasses ≥8 hours/day. Use of strategies for improving eyeglass wear varied by child age. The most frequent recommendations that parents provided for other parents were to be consistent in encouraging wear, use social modeling, provide positive reinforcement when the eyeglasses are worn, and ensure that the eyeglasses fit well and were comfortable. Parents provided many useful insights into their experiences. However, results may not be broadly generalizable, because of the limited diversity and high rate of compliance in the study sample. Further research with more diverse populations and research on effectiveness of various strategies to increase compliance in this age group are recommended to support eyeglass treatment compliance in young children.

Is asthma in children still increasing? 20-year prevalence trends in northern Sweden.

In the present study, we describe prevalence trends of asthma and investigate the association with asthma symptoms, use of asthma medication, and asthma severity among 8-year-old children in Norrbotten, Sweden in 1996, 2006, and 2017. Within the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) studies, three pediatric cohorts were recruited in 1996, 2006, and 2017 respectively. Identical methods were used; all children in first and second grade (median age 8 years) in three municipalities were invited to a parental questionnaire survey, completed by n = 3430 in 1996 (97% participation), n = 2585 in 2006 (96%), and n = 2785 in 2017 (91%). The questionnaire included questions about respiratory symptoms and diagnosis, treatment, and severity of asthma. The prevalence of wheezing was stable during the study, 10.1% in 1996; 10.8% in 2006; and 10.3% in 2017, p = .621, while physician-diagnosed asthma increased: 5.7%, 7.4%, and 12.2%, p < .001. The use of asthma medication in the last 12 months increased: 7.1%, 8.7%, and 11.5%, p < .001. Among children diagnosed with asthma, the prevalence of asthma symptoms, the impact on daily life, and severe asthma decreased, while the use of inhaled corticosteroids increased from 1996 until 2017. The prevalence of wheezing was stable among 8-year-old in this area from 1996 to 2017, while the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma doubled but without an increase in asthma morbidity. The increase of physician-diagnosed asthma without a coincident increase in asthma morbidity can partly be explained by more and earlier diagnosis among those with mild asthma.

Optimization of pharmaceutical care for children with diseases of the upper respiratory tract in outpatient polyclinic institutions

Introduction. The analysis of scientific and information materials has shown that the theoretical foundations and conceptual provisions of pharmaceutical management and pharmacoeconomic research have been developed in the works of domestic scientists. At the same time, research on optimization of pharmaceutical care for children in outpatient facilities is currently only fragmentary, and there is no systematic approach to solving this problem.&#x0D; The aim of the study. On the basis of a systemic approach, form a system of research on the optimization of pharmaceutical care for children with ENT diseases in outpatient polyclinic institutions.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The methodological basis is the approaches of modern management in the field of strategic management, pharmacoeconomics, approaches to the assessment of drug consumption, legislative and regulatory documents. The objects of the study were family outpatient clinics and children's outpatient polyclinic institutions in the city of Kyiv and the Kyiv region. The initial information was 390 outpatient charts of patients with ENT diseases aged 3 to 17 years for the period of 2022; 125 expert questionnaires of otolaryngologists; 50 questionnaires of a sociological survey of parents of patients with ENT diseases. The research used methods of logical, structural analysis, SWOT analysis, sociological methods (expert opinions, interactive survey, questionnaire).&#x0D; Results. A methodical approach to conducting pharmacoeconomic studies of pharmaceutical care for children in outpatient clinics has been developed. For the first time, an original method of multi-aspect matrix analysis was proposed, which makes it possible to evaluate and multi-factorially position the medicinal products of the researched assortment in order to justify its inclusion in the assortment list for the treatment of a certain nosology in ambulatory polyclinic conditions.&#x0D; Conclusions. The practical significance of the research results lies in the creation of a system of approaches to optimizing pharmaceutical care for children in outpatient settings at the territorial level.

Analysis of the quality of provision of physical therapy services in a children's preschool

modern society is progressing very quickly. An intensive process is taking place automation and computerization of basic household items, training and development. The impact of these trends on the health of preschool and younger children is relevant schoolchildren The age period of 3-6 years is critical for the formation of correct posture and arch of the feet, because in this age range the muscular and bone systems that form the musculoskeletal system of a person. Pathological changes in the supporting of the motor apparatus are most often found in older preschool and younger children school age The main factor influencing the development of these pathologies can be consider the weakness of the muscular system, since the muscles at this age are characterized high tensile strength and, as a result, do not provide reliable fixation bones Bone tissue, in turn, is characterized by less hardness, greater plasticity, they are more easily deformed under the influence of external factors. Taking into account the listed factors, active attention should be paid to physical development children in this age period, as well as take into account all these features during development educational programs and programs of corrective and preventive orientation, which used in children's preschools, especially in specialized ones where the child is present almost every day, as well as where it is possible to provide professional, regular and timely influence for a positive solution to the problem. Goal research: to analyze the quality of provision of physical therapy services in the nursery preschool institution of a specialized type before and after the implementation of the experimental one rehabilitation programs for children with flat-valgus foot deformity. Methods research: analysis and generalization of data from an anonymous survey of parents regarding the quality of providing physical therapy services in a specialized children's preschool type Obtained results: the results of an anonymous survey of parents were analyzed regarding the quality of provision of physical therapy services within a children's preschool institution specialized type (the survey was conducted separately for control and of the experimental group before and after the start of the physical therapy program completion of 12 weeks, as the experimental program was carried out during this term). The practical value of scientific work: based on an anonymous survey of parents regarding the quality of provision of physical therapy services in a children's preschool institution of a specialized type, developed and implemented in the preschooler's daily regime experimental program of physical therapy for children with flat-valgus deformity stop.

Too much of a good thing? Teacher performance during the COVID-19 pandemic and the ambiguous role of high teacher autonomy

The Covid-19 pandemic and the associated school closures have challenged teachers to quickly develop and implement effective distance learning concepts. This article examines the success of teachers in meeting these challenges by analysing their performance during the pandemic. Using a mixed-method approach, the study conducts a secondary data analysis of 135 questionnaires from a pupil and parent survey conducted by a German elementary school. These surveys are analysed across the three basic dimensions of teaching quality, elucidating the teaching experiences during the pandemic. The results reveal a considerable variation in teacher performance, highlighting instances where some teachers made inadequate decisions regarding the selection of teaching content or supporting strategies, while also displaying limited engagement with their students. Given the identical school conditions across the research setting for all teachers, this article focuses on individual effectiveness and efficiency of teachers during the pandemic, prompting an inquiry into the extent to which the high degree of teacher autonomy may have influenced performance. To address this further, this article introduces a framework based on current interdisciplinary research findings, which predicts a “too-much-of-a-good-thing” effect of teacher autonomy on teacher performance and integrates numerous established research approaches. This article contributes to a better insight into the performance of teachers during the pandemic and the identification of effective distance learning teaching approaches. Simultaneously, this article proposes a theoretically grounded framework for varying teacher performance, the exploration of which provides a compelling avenue for enhancing teacher performance and serves as a well-founded starting point for further research.

Family Factors and Health-saving Behavior of Adolescents: A Study of the Role of the Family Environment in the Formation of a Healthy Lifestyle

This article is a study aimed at identifying and analyzing the influence of family factors on the formation of health-saving behavior among adolescents. The family, as the primary social environment, plays a key role in shaping the habits and values of adolescents, thereby influencing their lifestyle and health. This article is a study aimed at identifying the influence of family factors on the formation of health-saving behavior in adolescents. The family, as an important social environment, is considered a key factor in the formation of habits and values that influence the health of adolescents. The methodology included a questionnaire survey of adolescents and parents, analyzing family values, level of communication and availability of health-saving information. The results highlight family factors, such as open communication and parental support, as key to promoting healthy lifestyles in adolescents. The conclusion highlights the importance of family context and suggests strategies for strengthening family ties to improve the health of the next generation.

Идеи П.Ф. Лесгафта о физическом воспитании ребенка и их актуальность в современной семье

This article presents the results of a study devoted to studying the relevance of Peter Lesgaft’s ideas about physical education in a modern family. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that new technologies are currently being developed that create a risk of a sedentary lifestyle, especially in children. Therefore, the need for physical education in the family is of particular importance in modern society. The main provisions of the teachings of Peter Lesgaft, which have not lost their relevance today, can become a serious help in resolving this issue. The purpose of the study is to determine the conformity of the characteristics of a child’s physical education in a modern family with the ideas of Peter Lesgaft. The study was conducted using a questionnaire. The sample population of the study consisted of 96 people aged from 18 to 67 years, of which 88 were two-parent families and 8 were single-parent. The article presents the results of a survey of parents on the issues of physical education of their children, and interprets the results obtained through the prism of the teachings of Peter Lesgaft on this issue. The article concludes with generalized conclusions. It has been established that, in general, the ideas of Peter Lesgaft are relevant for the modern family, but at the same time they are not fully implemented: parents are aware of the importance of physical education classes with children to ensure their comprehensive development, more than half of families pay attention to physical exercises in the practice of raising children, there has been a tendency to increase the number of modern parents, compared with the previous generation, who are involved in physical education of the younger generation. At the same time, many families do not attach due importance to walks in the fresh air, playing outdoor games, and the need for daily physical education.

Reliability and Feasibility of Administering a Child Language Assessment via Telehealth.

Despite the speed with which telehealth use advanced during the COVID-19 pandemic, evidence is needed to support the remote delivery of standardized assessments. This study investigated the reliability and feasibility of administering a standardized language assessment administered in real-world telehealth scenarios compared to in-person administration. A total of 100 children between the ages of 3 and 12 years were administered one of three versions of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF). Children were administered the CELF by the same licensed speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in person and using telehealth, with the order counterbalanced. Means for Core Language standard scores were compared between conditions and among devices. Descriptive statistics summarized the behavior and technology disruptions during administration as well as the results of parent and SLP telehealth perception surveys. In-person and telehealth mean scores on all three versions of the CELF revealed no systematic differences of one condition under- or overestimating another. The incidence of child behavior disruptions was similar for both test administration conditions. Adaptations compensated for the rare technology disruptions. Despite no significant language score and behavior differences between testing conditions, parents reported they continued to prefer in-person assessments. SLP participants viewed telehealth overall positively but identified conditions in which they continued to prefer in-person delivery. This study provides evidence of minimal or no differences in scores and behavioral or technological disruptions between remote and in-person administration of the CELF core language assessments. SLP and parent participants' attitudes toward remote delivery of standardized tests appear to be evolving in a positive direction compared to previous studies. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25292752.

Opioid prescription usage and disposal after provider education and SMS-based parent education

Adequate pain control after outpatient pediatric urologic surgery is important for both providers and caregivers; however, opioid pain medications are often prescribed in excess of utilization. The resultant excess opioid medication has potential to be diverted or misused. While families are instructed to dispose of leftover opioids, a significant proportion may not dispose of leftover medication. We performed a quality improvement (QI) initiative within a tertiary academic care center to examine opioid excess, opioid disposal, and whether a two-component QI intervention of provider education and family education via automated SMS messages on opioid disposal could improve excess opioid prescribing and leftover opioid disposal. Prospective parent surveys were performed on a baseline cohort of 73 patients undergoing outpatient pediatric urologic surgery between July 27 and September 4, 2020. Based on baseline data, a two-component quality improvement initiative was implemented. The first component was non-binding surgeon education regarding opioid prescribing versus opioid utilization. The second component was initiation of automated SMS messages to families after surgery with information on expected postoperative course and hyperlinked instructions for opioid disposal with GPS search for opioid disposal sites nearby. We then repeated the survey for a second cohort of patients between September 14 and October 29, 2021, including additional questions regarding SMS message utility. Of 73 patients in the baseline group, 46% were prescribed opioids (Summary Table). Of patients prescribed opioids, a median of 3 doses were used and 96% had leftover opioid medication. Seventeen percent of parents in the baseline group disposed of unused opioids prior to survey completion (1-4 weeks postop). After the intervention, 19 of 74 (26%) patients were prescribed opioids. In the group that received opioids, a median of 2 doses were used and 63% reported disposing of opioids. Ninety-six percent of parents reported satisfaction with SMS messages. Many competing priorities exist for surgical providers and parents of children undergoing outpatient pediatric urologic surgery. A passive program that delivers just-in-time information in the postoperative period has high utility for both parents and providers. Automated SMS messages and provider education about opioid utilization are associated with decreased excess opioid after outpatient pediatric urologic surgery and improved opioid disposal rates by parents. These interventions are easily implemented without significant manpower and should be considered by organizations interested in decreasing excess community opioids after outpatient pediatric urologic surgery.

A community-embedded approach to increasing the health literacy of Aboriginal children in a regional area: processes of co-design and local implementation.

This research explores the implementation of a child-centred, co-designed, community-embedded program called 'Young Doctors for Life' (YDFL). YDFL is designed to improve health and wellbeing outcomes for Aboriginal children in the middle childhood years. Focus is given in this paper to the processes of program adaptation of the YDFL to ensure local cultural relevance, drawing on the experiences and perspectives of children, parents, schoolteachers, and the implementation team. Two focus groups with program stakeholders were convened. The first group consisted of three members from the local Aboriginal implementation team, and the second group comprised two members of the program design team. Children (n = 22) and schoolteachers (n = 2) participated in semi-structured interviews. Parent survey data (n = 16) were also collected and included. The data was analysed, guided by the five elements of implementation as outlined in the Hexagon Implementation framework (Capacity; Fit; Need; Usability; Support; and Evidence), which served as a priori themes. YDFL provides a promising example of how programs can be adapted with and for Aboriginal communities to support child health. Successful adaptation and implementation of this program required a co-design approach engaging program designers and the local implementation team. Community collaboration was also essential to identifying and addressing local community goals and aligning new programs with local service and cultural contexts. Health programs to support positive child outcomes are more likely to be successful when they share their focus between the risks and challenges within a community, and the positive, protective factors that can be leveraged to support children to flourish. Stakeholder engagement and community leadership are necessary to achieve meaningful program adaptation and implementation in Aboriginal communities.

Assessing the Impact of the ‘Double Reduction’ Policy on Educational Equity and Access to High-Quality Resources Across Socio-Economic Backgrounds in China

Objective: This study aims to critically analyze the ramifications of China’s Double Reduction policy, with a focus on its influence on educational equity and the accessibility of quality educational resources across diverse socio-economic backgrounds. Initiated to alleviate academic pressure on students and reduce reliance on private tutoring, this policy represents a significant shift in China’s educational landscape. Our analysis seeks to understand how these changes affect students from varied socio-economic strata, especially in terms of equity in educational opportunities and access to resources that enhance learning outcomes. Methods: To evaluate the policy’s effectiveness and impact, we employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of educational outcomes and qualitative insights from stakeholders. Data were collected through a survey of students, parents, and educators from different socio-economic backgrounds, alongside interviews with policy makers and educational experts. Statistical analysis was used to identify trends in educational equity and resource access before and after the policy’s implementation. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts provided nuanced understanding of stakeholder perceptions and experiences. Results: Preliminary findings suggest that the Double Reduction policy has had a multifaceted impact on educational equity and resource accessibility. On one hand, reduced dependence on costly private tutoring has leveled the playing field for students from lower socio-economic backgrounds. On the other hand, disparities in access to quality educational resources have been exacerbated in some regions, due to varied implementation efficacy and resource allocation. The policy has also prompted an increase in innovative educational practices, including the use of technology to bridge gaps in access.

Factors Influencing Parental Willingness to Consent to a Survey Study for Patients in the Pediatric Emergency Department.

To identify factors that impact parental willingness to consent to research studies conducted for their children during visits to pediatric emergency departments (EDs). Parents and guardians of children receiving care in our pediatric ED were approached and asked if they would be willing to let their child participate in a research study requiring the child to complete an electronic questionnaire. No such questionnaire existed, however, because the primary purpose was to ascertain the parent's willingness to let their child participate. All parents were debriefed and informed of the true purpose of the study and asked to complete a survey themselves to help understand factors that influenced their initial decision of whether to consent. Bivariate tests and logistic regression were used to evaluate unadjusted and adjusted associations between parent and patient characteristics and parental consent decision. We approached 431 eligible parents about the hypothetical research study involving their children, and 386 (89.6%) consented for their children to participate. After the debriefing, 392 (91.0%) parents consented to complete the parental survey. We observed statistically significant associations between shorter length of ED stay to approach for consent for the study ( P = 0.048) as well as longer travel time ( P = 0.03) and willingness to consent in bivariate analysis, though this did not hold in regression analysis. Regression analysis revealed parents of children who have previously participated in research had 79 times lower odds of consenting to participate in our study adjusted for parent race, ethnicity, actual and perceived length of stay, travel time to the ED, and altruism. A high proportion of parents consented to their child participating in research in our ED with previous child participation in research being associated with lower odds of parental consent even when adjusted for other factors. Our findings may inform future research practices and studies investigating parental perceptions and motivations surrounding research studies.

Supply of vitamins (A, E, D, C, B6, B12) and mineral substances (ZN, FE, MG, CA, P) for children with recurrent respiratory infections and deficiency correction of their deficiency as a possibility to prevent frequent respiratory infections

Introduction. Recurrent respiratory infections in children are a pressing problem in pediatrics. To maintain and function the immune system in children, their provision of vitamins and minerals is important.Purpose. To assess the provision of children with recurrent respiratory infections with vitamins (A, E, D, C, B6, B12, folic acid) and minerals (Zn, Fe, Mg, Ca, P) and to correct their deficiency with a vitamin-mineral complex.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 65 children aged 3 to 8 years in 2 groups of children: group 1, children with RID, n = 50; group 2 – control, n = 15). An outpatient examination, a parent survey and a blood test for vitamins (A, E, D, C, B6, B12, folic acid) and minerals (Zn, Fe, Mg, total Ca, Ca++, P) were carried out. 30 children with RID were prescribed the vitamin and mineral complex, 1 tablet 2 times a day, with an assessment of vitamin and mineral sufficiency and the frequency of respiratory infections after the end of the dose.Results. In all examined children, both in the main and control groups, the most common were deficiencies of fat-soluble vitamins D (69%), A (40%), E (35%) and the minerals Zn (70%) and Fe (44%). In children with RID, deficiency of vitamins D, A and Zn was more common than in the control group (p &lt; 0.05), in 96% of cases it was combined, more often in the form of a combined deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins D, A, E and minerals Zn, Fe (66% of cases). Taking vitamin-mineral complex in the 2nd prophylactic dose for 1 month contributed to an improvement in vitamin and mineral sufficiency and a decrease in respiratory morbidity in the next 2 months after stopping the drug.Conclusion. Vitamin-mineral complex can be successfully used to maintain vitamin and mineral levels and reduce respiratory morbidity in children with recurrent respiratory infections.

Do routine questions provide reliable information about the patient’s diet: the results of the survey of parents of children with brain tumors being on the 2nd rehabilitation period

Introduction. The course of central nervous system tumors in children and their therapy are associated with nutritional disorders that persist after the end of antineoplastic treatment. It is important to determine nutritional problems, which is usually carried out in the form of a survey by a physician. He also needs to be aware and understand the degree of fulfillment of appointments by patient at home.Aim. To study the problems of organizing nutritional support for children with tumors of the central nervous system after the end of antitumor treatment.Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted, which included a survey, involving the parents of 71 patients with central nervous system tumors, aged 10 to 18 years, undergoing routine rehabilitation at the Russian Field Medical and Rehabilitation Scientific center. The survey included questions that a nutritionist usually asks during a consultation, with answer options, as well as a description of the diet and usual food intake. Anthropometry data (z-score of height-on-age, BMI) are included.Results. 45% of the children had deviations in BMI. The answers to the routine questions “What is the child’s appetite” and “Are there (any) problems with nutrition” were the most uninformative, did not coincide with the actual composition of the diet and food intake. More accurately, the parents answered the questions “Are there (any) problems with diet/regimen organization” and “... associated with eating”. 21 children were prescribed diets (gentle and “low-carb”), but only 6 followed these diets. 58% noted periodic “physical exhaustion”, only 7% are engaged in physical therapy at home. Only 2 children received nutritional support at home. An analysis of the composition of the diet and diet revealed significant problems in 61% of children.Conclusion. In a routine medical survey, simple questions about appetite and “are there any problems with nutrition” are not enough. Simple anthropometry is not enough. The survey has shown its effectiveness, but an analysis of the questionnaire is needed. Not all patients can follow dietary recommendations, it is necessary to take into account the motivation and understanding of both parents and children.

Middle Class African American Parents’ Aspirations for Rigor and Reading Curriculum During the Pandemic Era in Detroit Schools

This community-based research study examined the perspectives of African American parents of middle-class economic status who participated in a social network pertaining to school choice decisions during the pandemic era of virtual schooling. Their residency and school choices emerged against the grain of urban schools that have racially charged histories and decades of residential mobility trends. I examined parents’ aspirations for academic rigor and perspectives of literacy practices at select schools as well as public school district official perspectives of supporting the enrollment process and attracting families to the district. Parent interview and survey data revealed confidence in public, private, and charter school selections prior to enrolling, but uncertainty with the virtual literacy curriculum once enrolled in school. School district official interviews revealed enhanced awareness of parents’ concerns surrounding school choice and need to be proactive to the needs of middle-class families.