Parental Quality Of Life Research Articles

The Mediating Effect of Parenting Stress on the Relationship Between Social Support and Quality of Life in Parents of Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling.

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study is to investigate whether parenting stress mediate the relationship between social support and quality of life in parents of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder. In addition, we examined what other variables moderate the relationships in this mediation model.MethodsUsing the two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach (MASEM), 44 correlation matrices were synthesized from 28 empirical studies (N = 13,270) and fitted to the hypothesized mediation model.ResultsThere is a significant partial mediation effect of parenting stress on the relationship between social support and quality of life. Subgroup analysis through the first stage analysis suggested that social support measurements, parental role, and child's age moderated the relationship between social support and parenting stress, and that the focus of quality of life moderated the relationship between social support and quality of life. Subgroup analysis through the second stage analysis indicated that parenting stress had a significantly stronger predictive effect on quality of life in Western culture, while the predictive effect of social support on quality of life was significantly stronger in Eastern culture.ConclusionHaving more social support can reduce parents' stress and then improving their quality of life, which can help them cope more positively and effectively with their autistic children.

Parent Health-Related Quality of Life for Infants with Congenital Anomalies Receiving Neonatal Intensive Care

To examine factors associated with parent quality of life during and after neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge among parents of infants with congenital anomalies admitted to the NICU. This secondary analysis of 2 prospective cohort studies between 2016 and 2020 at a level IV NICU included parents of infants with major congenital anomalies receiving NICU care. The primary outcomes were parent health-related quality of life (HRQL) during the NICU stay and at 3months post-NICU discharge. A total of 166 parent-infant dyads were enrolled in the study, 124 of which completed the 3-month follow-up interview. During the NICU stay, parent history of a mental health disorder (-13 points), earlier gestational age (-17 points), consultation by multiple specialists (-11 points), and longer hospital stay (-5 points) were associated with lower HRQL. Parents of infants with a neonatal surgical anomaly had higher HRQL (+4 points). At 3months after NICU discharge, parent receipt of a psychology consult in the NICU, the total number of consultants involved in the child's care, and an infant with a nonsurgical anomaly were associated with lower parent HRQL. Parents of infants with a gastrostomy tube (-6 points) and those with hospital readmission (-5 points) had lower HRQL. Comparing same-parent differences in HRQL over time, parents of infants with anomalies did not show significant improvement in HRQL on discharge home. Parents of infants with congenital anomalies reported low HRQL at baseline and at discharge. Parents of infants with nonsurgical, medically complex anomalies requiring multispecialty care represent a vulnerable group who could be better supported during and after their NICU stay.

Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy on aggressive behavior in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and emotion dysregulation: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently associated with emotional dysregulation (ED). ED is characterized by excessive and inappropriate emotional reactions compared to social norms, uncontrolled and rapid shifts in emotion, and attention focused on emotional stimuli. Few studies have evaluated non-pharmacological interventions to improve ED in children with ADHD. The current randomized controlled trial assesses the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention compared with a theater-based intervention (TBI) in children with ADHD and ED.MethodsSixty-eight 7- to 13-year-old children with ADHD and ED will be recruited and randomly assigned to the CBT or TBI group. CBT aims to reduce ED by teaching anger management strategies. TBI seeks to reduce ED by improving emotion understanding and expression through mimics and movement. In both groups, children participate in 15 1-h sessions, and parents participate in 8 sessions of a parent management program. The primary outcome measure is the change in the “Aggression” sub-score of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Secondary outcome measures include overall impairment (Children’s Global Assessment Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), personality profile (Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children), executive function (Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function), quality of life (Kidscreen-27), parental stress (Parenting Stress Index, 4th edition), parental depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), and impact of child disorders on the quality of the family life (Parental Quality of Life and Developmental Disorder).DiscussionChildren with ADHD and ED are at risk of functional impairment and poor outcomes and have specific therapeutic needs. This randomized controlled trial wants to assess non-pharmacological treatment options for this population.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov. NCT03176108. Registered on June 5, 2017.

Evaluating an online self-help intervention for parents of children with food allergies.

BackgroundParents of children with food allergies (CwFA) experience reduced quality of life (QoL) and may have reduced access to in‐person interventions in the COVID‐19 pandemic. This trial developed and evaluated an online, self‐help, information provision website, aimed at improving QoL in parents of CwFA.MethodsIn a single‐blinded, randomised controlled trial (RCT), participants were randomised to either receive access to the website or a waiting‐list control. At baseline, post‐intervention (week 4) and follow‐up (week 8), measures of parental food allergy‐related QoL, depression, anxiety, stress, intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and self‐efficacy were obtained.ResultsA total of 205 participants were randomised; 97% were females, 91% white and 78% educated ≥ degree level, with a mean age of 38.95 years (SD = 6.89). 44.9% (n = 92) were retained at follow‐up. The arms did not significantly differ on any outcome at any time point. For a sub‐group of participants above the clinical cut‐off for depression at baseline, the intervention may have improved QoL. Participants reported the website content as useful and accessible, but accessed it infrequently. In baseline data, IU and self‐efficacy were significantly associated with QoL.ConclusionWhile the COVID‐19 pandemic has encouraged greater provision of online interventions, our RCT suggests this particular website is not suitable for this population in general, although future research could examine its efficacy for depressed parents of CwFA, to increase confidence that the sub‐group finding was not a Type 1 error. The baseline data suggest IU and self‐efficacy remain potential proximal targets for intervention.

The impact of hypoglycaemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes on parental quality of life and related outcomes: A systematic review.

This systematic review aims to summarize and critically evaluate the current evidence regarding the impact of hypoglycaemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes on parental quality of life. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Inclusion criteria were: 1) quantitative design, 2) included parents of children or adolescents with type 1 diabetes, 3) assessment of hypoglycemia in children/adolescents with type 1 diabetes, 4) assessment of parent quality of life (or related domains of life), and 5) analysis of the relationship(s) between the child's hypoglycaemia and parents' quality of life. The data were summarised in accordance with Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis Guidelines. Twelve studies were included, reporting data from 1895 parents across six countries. Ten studies were cross-sectional; two included prospective data. Evidence suggested that greater frequency and severity of hypoglycemia was associated with greater parental fear of hypoglycemia, emotional distress and family burden. Children's hypoglycaemia has a negative impact on the well-being of parents, but there is an absence of evidence regarding the impact on their overall quality of life. Research into the hypoglycaemia-specific quality of life of parents is needed to explore the impact on various areas, such as social and physical dimensions.

Quality of Life and Self Esteem in Children with Specific Learning Disorder after Receiving Treatment

Background: Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) are associated with progressive school failure, lowered self-esteem, and stress of children and their parents. Treatment programs provided by special education teachers can help improve the academic achievements in children with SLD. Objective: To investigate reading achievement, self-esteem, child quality of life and parent quality of life in children with SLD and compare between these factors pre- and post-interventions. Materials and Methods: The present study was an experimental study. The subjects were 16 school children (8 to 13 years) with SLD with impairment in reading. The children received 12-session reading program from special education teachers. The instruments employed in the present study were WRAT-THAI, Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale (RSE), Child quality of life (ThQLC), and parent quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI). Results: The findings revealed statistically significant differences in reading achievement in WRAT-THAI, self-esteem, child quality of life in life perspective domain and child quality of life (parental report) in total score and family relationship domain. However, there was no statically significant difference in parent quality of life. Conclusion: Participating in reading intervention program may have positive effects on self-esteem, and quality of life in addition to reading achievement. Increased self-esteem and improved quality of life may raise the children’s positive self-perception and satisfaction in life, which in turn improve their academic achievements. Implication to improve these functional domains is suggested when planning educational program and treatment for children SLD. Keywords: Specific learning disorder; Quality of life; Self-esteem

Dyadic Effect of Coping on the Perceived Impact of ASD of Children on Parental Quality of Life: Report from the ELENA Cohort.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has a significant impact on the quality of life (QoL) of families. This study aimed to examine, for parents of children with ASD, the dyadic effect of each parent's coping strategy on the perception of the impact of ASD on their QoL. In total, 164 couples completed self-report questionnaires, including the Par-DD-QoL, to evaluate the parental perception of QoL. Results from the actor-partner interdependence model showed that, in addition to the effect of the mothers' and fathers' emotion-focused coping on their own perception of QoL, the mothers' emotion-focused coping plays a key role in the fathers' perception of QoL. These findings suggest that both parents of children with ASD would benefit from couple-focused interventions.

Stress, pain, and work affiliation are strongly associated with health-related quality of life in parents of 14\u201315-year-old adolescents

BackgroundFor many adults, their role as a parent is a vital part of their lives. This role is likely to be associated with a parent’s health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study was to explore the associations between gender, demographic and psychosocial variables, pain, and HRQOL in parents of 14–15-year-old adolescents.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study that included 561 parents. Data on demographic, psychosocial variables and pain were collected using validated instruments. HRQOL was assessed using the RAND-36. Data were analysed using univariate and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses.ResultsFour hundred and thirty-six (78%) mothers and 125 (22%) fathers with a mean age of 45 (SD = 5) years were included. Eighty-one per cent were married/cohabiting, 74% worked full time, and 50% had university education of more than 4 years. Almost one-third reported daily or weekly pain, and more than half (58%) reported using pain analgesics during the previous 4 weeks. Mothers reported significantly lower scores on self-efficacy, self-esteem and for all RAND-36 domains, including the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) and experienced greater stress than fathers. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that working part-time (beta = 0.40) or full time (beta = 0.52) (reference: not working) had the strongest positive effect on PCS. Absence from work for > 10 days (beta = −0.24) (reference: no absence), short-term pain (beta = −0.14), chronic pain (beta = −0.37) (reference: no pain), and stress (beta = −0.10) had the strongest negative effects on PCS. High self-esteem (beta = 0.11) had the strongest positive effect, whereas stress (beta = −0.58) and absence from work for > 10 days (beta = −0.11) (reference: no absence) had the strongest negative effects on MCS.ConclusionMothers reported significantly lower scores on self-efficacy, self-esteem, and HRQOL, and experienced greater stress than the fathers. A high proportion of parents reported pain. Pain, stress, and low work affiliation were strongly associated with decreased HRQOL in parents. We recommend that parents of adolescents should be provided guidance about coping with pain and stress, and facilitation of a strong work affiliation because these seem to be important to parents’ HRQOL.

Healthcare for children depend on medical technology and parental quality of life in Japan.

The aim of this study was to explore and clarify the healthcare service utilization of children dependent on medical technology (CMT), and the parental health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Participants recruited the primary caregivers of children with medical complexity (CMC), identified using an existing registry of raising CMC aged 1-20 years and receiving reimbursements for their home-based medical care at a children's hospital. We used an exploratory cross-sectional study design and sent questionnaires to 286 parents. To clarify the characteristics of CMT and families, we compared two groups on demographics of children's and families', service utilization and parental HRQOL. The participants were categorized into the CMT and children with chronic conditions (CCC) groups, based on whether they required ventilator, suctioning, or tube feeding; had tracheostomy, or gastrostomy; or had central line or clean intermittent catheterization. Of the 95 children selected, 31 were CMT. The participants' characteristics, service utilization, and the parents' HRQOL were compared between the two groups. Compared to CCC, CMT were more likely to be younger, more unstable, more demanding of their caregiver's time, caused greater reductions in their caregiver's sleep time, caused heavier caregiver burden, had higher rates of unexpected hospital admissions and emergency visits, required greater care coordination, and exhibited a higher health service utilization. Parents of CMT were found to have poor mental and physical health in HRQOL. Improving the outcomes of parents caring for CMT requires high quality healthcare services, especially respite care for the parents, and care coordination.

Akneli Ergenlerin Ebeveynlerinin Yaşam Kalitesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Objective: Skin diseases affect both a patient's life and the lives of their relatives in a plethora of ways. Although there are several studies on the effects of acne on quality of life (QoL), studies on the QoL of parents with adolescents who have acne are scarce. In this study, we aim to assess the effect of acne vulgaris on parents' QoL and determine how this varies according to acne severity scores of their children. Material and Methods: Our study included 162 patients at 12-18 years of age with acne vulgaris and their parents. The Acne Quality of Life Scale (AQoL) was used to assess the patient's quality of life. The Dermatological Family Impact Scale (DeFIS) was used to evaluate the caregiver's QoL. Besides DeFIS, a semi-structured questionnaire also administered to the caregiver. Results: Of the parents who participated in our study, 62% expressed sorrow and 62% expressed anxiety about their children's acne. The DeFIS scores of the parents were found to be 11.86±8.98 (0-41). There was no correlation between DeFIS scores and acne severity, however a statistically significant correlation was found between AQOL and DeFIS scores. Of the parents, 43% expressed their concern about the side effects of their children's acne treatments and parents' DeFIS scores increased in correlation with their concerns. Conclusions: Our findings show that acne may have an impact on a family's QoL, which is an extension of the QoL of acne patients.

Assessment of Quality of Life in Parents of Attention- Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Children at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Assessment of Quality of Life in Parents of Attention- Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Children at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Anxiety levels and health-related quality of life in parents of children with different types of physical disabilities

IntroductionDisability has negative effects on families’ psychological health and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the anxiety level and quality of life of parents having children with different physical disabilities, such as spina bifida, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, and Down syndrome, and compare them with those of healthy children’s parents.MethodsHealth status and anxiety level of the parents were assessed by the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I and STAI-II). The impact on the parents and level of the children’s functional independence were evaluated by the Turkish version of the Impact on Family Scale (IPFAM) and Functional Independence Measure for Children. Functional activities of the children were assessed by the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI).ResultsA statistically significant difference was found between the control group and the parents having children with disabilities in terms of IPFAM and PEDI functional skills (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the IPFAM total scores of the disabled children and their healthy peers (<i>p</i> < 0.001).ConclusionsThe impact on the families with physically disabled children did not change with the diagnosis type. A difference was observed between the parents of children with different physical disabilities and those of healthy children. Also, the functional skills of the children with disabilities were negatively affected compared with their healthy peers. Health-related quality of life of the families was influenced by the independence level of the children in daily living activities.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Parents of Hospitalized Children with Cancer: Association with Changes in Working Conditions and Parental Beliefs

Health-Related Quality of Life in Parents of Hospitalized Children with Cancer: Association with Changes in Working Conditions and Parental Beliefs

Paving the Way to Promote Resilience in Children With Cancer and Their Families to Overcome Stress and Adversity.

The importance of resilience to combat distress and enhance psychological well-being in children with cancer and their parents is widely recognized. Resilience is defined as an individual’s ability to utilize personal and social resources to maintain psychological well-being and adapt in the face of stress and adversity.1 Our research team has conducted several studies on resilience, with the aim to understand the relationships between resilience, psychological well-being, and quality of life in children with cancer2 and their parents.3,4 Assessing resilience in this cohort is vital to thoroughly understanding their responses to stress and adversity, which is a prerequisite to guide the development of appropriate interventions to enhance their resilience, promote their psychological well-being, and consequently enhance their quality of life. We first conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the relationships between resilience, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and quality of life in children with cancer.2 The study showed that children with cancer, particularly those from single-parent families, those diagnosed with a brain tumor, and those receiving multiple treatments, reported significantly lower levels of resilience than healthy children. The results also indicated that resilience has a strong positive correlation with quality of life in these children. A cancer diagnosis not only causes considerable stress to children but also negatively affects their parents’ psychological well-being and quality of life.5 Our other study that examined the relationships between resilience and quality of life in parents of children with cancer revealed that parents’ resilience is positively associated with their quality of life.3 The overall results support that parental resilience plays a pivotal role in combating stress or adversities, such as cancer. The results of these studies highlight the importance of assessing the resilience of children with cancer and their parents, while paying special attention to children or parents with low levels of resilience. Most importantly, interventions to enhance the resilience of both children and their parents can facilitate their adjustment to the cancer diagnosis and empower them to overcome adversity throughout the cancer trajectory. These changes can contribute to overall improvement in their psychological well-being and quality of life. For healthcare professionals, a focus on fostering resilience is an important and promising approach to address cancer-related distress in parents of children with cancer. In clinical practice, psychological interventions aimed at enhancing parental resilience should be implemented at an early stage when the parents first learn of their children’s cancer diagnosis. Specifically, evidence-based psychological interventions with a targeted resilience model should be implemented by healthcare professionals to enhance parental resilience4; in turn, this can help the parents to manage their children’s health condition after the cancer diagnosis, better navigate adversity, and consequently improve their psychological well-being. In addition, family-centered resilience enhancement interventions could be considered to simultaneously target the well-being of both children and their parents.

Validation of family impact scale to assess oral health-related quality of life in parents of Chilean preschoolers

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Cartes-Velásquez RA, Altamirano-Valdivia D, Bizama-Vásquez R, Campos V, Antonio León-Manco R, Luengo L. Validation of family impact scale to assess oral health-related quality of life in parents of Chilean preschoolers. Journal of Stomatology. 2023. doi:10.5114/jos.2022.124026. APA Cartes-Velásquez, R. A., Altamirano-Valdivia, D., Bizama-Vásquez, R., Campos, V., Antonio León-Manco, R., & Luengo, L. (2023). Validation of family impact scale to assess oral health-related quality of life in parents of Chilean preschoolers. Journal of Stomatology. https://doi.org/10.5114/jos.2022.124026 Chicago Cartes-Velásquez, Ricardo A, Diego Altamirano-Valdivia, Rodrigo Bizama-Vásquez, Valeria Campos, Roberto Antonio León-Manco, and Luis Luengo. 2023. "Validation of family impact scale to assess oral health-related quality of life in parents of Chilean preschoolers". Journal of Stomatology. doi:10.5114/jos.2022.124026. Harvard Cartes-Velásquez, R., Altamirano-Valdivia, D., Bizama-Vásquez, R., Campos, V., Antonio León-Manco, R., and Luengo, L. (2023). Validation of family impact scale to assess oral health-related quality of life in parents of Chilean preschoolers. Journal of Stomatology. https://doi.org/10.5114/jos.2022.124026 MLA Cartes-Velásquez, Ricardo et al. "Validation of family impact scale to assess oral health-related quality of life in parents of Chilean preschoolers." Journal of Stomatology, 2023. doi:10.5114/jos.2022.124026. Vancouver Cartes-Velásquez R, Altamirano-Valdivia D, Bizama-Vásquez R, Campos V, Antonio León-Manco R, Luengo L. Validation of family impact scale to assess oral health-related quality of life in parents of Chilean preschoolers. Journal of Stomatology. 2023. doi:10.5114/jos.2022.124026.

Early positive approaches to support for families of young children with intellectual disability: the E-PAtS feasibility RCT

Background Parents of children with intellectual disability are 1.5–2 times more likely than other parents to report mental health difficulties. There is a lack of clinically effective and cost-effective group well-being interventions designed for family carers of young children with intellectual disability. Aim To examine the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Early Positive Approaches to Support (E-PAtS) intervention. Design A feasibility study (including randomisation of families into a two-arm trial), questionnaires to assess the feasibility of proposed outcome measures (including resource use and health-related quality of life) and practitioner/family carer interviews. An additional question was included in an online UK survey of families, conducted by the research team to assess usual practice, and a survey of provider organisations. Setting Families recruited from community contexts (i.e. third sector, local authority services, special schools) and self-referral. The E-PAtS intervention was delivered by trained community-based providers. Participants Families with at least one child aged 1.5–5 years with an intellectual disability. At least one parent had to have English-language ability (spoken) for E-PAtS programme participation and participants had to provide informed consent. Interventions E-PAtS intervention – two caregivers from each family invited to eight 2.5-hour group sessions with usual practice. Usual practice – other support provided to the family, including other parenting support. Objectives To assess randomisation willingness/feasibility, recruitment of providers/parents, retention, usual practice, adherence, fidelity and feasibility of proposed outcome measures (including the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale as the proposed primary outcome measure, and parent anxiety/depression, parenting, family functioning/relationships, child behavioural/emotional problems and adaptive skills, child and parent quality of life, and family services receipt as the proposed secondary outcome measures). Results Seventy-four families (95 carers) were recruited from three sites (with 37 families allocated to the intervention). From referrals, the recruitment rate was 65% (95% confidence interval 56% to 74%). Seventy-two per cent of families were retained at the 12-month follow-up (95% confidence interval 60% to 81%). Exploratory regression analysis showed that the mean Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale well-being score was 3.96 points higher in the intervention group (95% confidence interval –1.39 to 9.32 points) at 12 months post randomisation. High levels of data completeness were achieved on returned questionnaires. Interviews (n = 25) confirmed that (1) recruitment, randomisation processes and the intervention were acceptable to family carers, E-PAtS facilitators and community staff; (2) E-PAtS delivery were consistent with the logic model; and (3) researchers requesting consent in future for routine data would be acceptable. Recorded E-PAtS sessions demonstrated good fidelity (96% of components present). Adherence (i.e. at least one carer from the family attending five out of eight E-PAtS sessions) was 76%. Health-related quality-of-life and services receipt data were gathered successfully. An online UK survey to assess usual practice (n = 673) showed that 10% of families of young children with intellectual disability received any intervention over 12 months. A provider survey (n = 15) indicated willingness to take part in future research. Limitations Obtaining session recordings for fidelity was difficult. Recruitment processes need to be reviewed to improve diversity and strategies are needed to improve primary outcome completion. Conclusions Study processes were feasible. The E-PAtS intervention was well received and outcomes for families were positive. A barrier to future organisation participation is funding for intervention costs. A definitive trial to test the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of E-PAtS would be feasible. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN70419473. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 10, No. 2. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

Quality of life and coping strategies used by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Oman.

Raising a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can have a significant impact on quality of life (QOL). This study was conducted to assess the QOL and coping strategies of parents of children with ASD in Oman. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Masarra psychiatric hospital. Telephone interviews were conducted with the parents of all children diagnosed with ASD and attending Al-Masarra Hospital between January 2018 and October 2021. Data were collected using the Ways of Coping Checklist-Revised and World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-Brief. A total of 304 parents participated in the study (response rate: 100%), of which 59.5% were female. The mean age of the parents and children with ASD was 40.4 ± 6.9 and 8.4 ± 2.3 years, respectively. Most children with ASD were male (78.3%) and entirely dependent upon their parents (18.1%). Seeking social support was the most common coping strategy (75.53 ± 13.99), while escape avoidance was the least common (51.78 ± 8.04). Most parents (48.7%) rated their QOL as good to very good, with acceptable scores in the psychological (70.92 ± 11.22) and social (73.27 ± 11.46) domains, borderline in the physical health domain (63.51 ± 7.77), and poor in the environmental domain (58.31 ± 11.00). Omani parents of children with ASD utilize various coping strategies, with coping skills considered a positive index for mental health in general. No significant differences were observed between Omani fathers and mothers in terms of QOL or coping strategies.

Finnish children who experienced narcolepsy after receiving the Pandemrix vaccine during the 2009-2010 H1N1 pandemic demonstrated high level of psychosocial problems.

We assessed psychosocial burdens in children who developed narcolepsy after receiving the Pandemrix H1N1 vaccine during the 2009-2010 pandemic. Parental quality of life was also assessed. This multicentre study covered four of the five Finnish University Hospital Districts, which dealt with about 90% of the paediatric narcolepsy cases after the Pandemrix vaccination. The medical records of children diagnosed from 2010 to 2014 were reviewed. The questionnaires included the Youth Self-Report (YSR), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and questions on parental resources, stress and quality of life. We obtained the medical records of 94 children who were aged 5-17years at the time of their narcolepsy diagnosis and questionnaire data for 73 of those children. Most children had strong narcolepsy symptoms, and 25% had CDI scores that suggested depression. In addition, 41% had total CBCL problem scores above the clinically significant limit and 48% were anxious, withdrawn and had somatic complaints. Sleep latency was weakly associated with the CBCL total problem score. Half of the children needed psychiatric interventions and parental stress was common. Depression and behavioural problems were common in children with narcolepsy after the Pandemrix vaccination and their parents frequently reported feeling stressed.

Association between oral health status and family quality of life among schoolchildren – A cross-sectional study

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the association between oral health and family quality of life (QoL) among 6-12 years schoolchildren. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 schoolchildren of age group 6–12 years in Bengaluru, India. A 14-item pre-validated family impact scale (FIS) instrument was used to assess parental family QoL. The World Health Organization oral health pro forma (2013) was used to assess oral health status of children. Pearson’s correlation, Spearman’s correlation, and logistic regression analysis were performed. P <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Mean age of the study participants was 9.33 ± 1.85 years. Mean FIS score was 8.1 ± 5.5. The proportion of participants with caries experience, gingival bleeding, dental trauma, and dentinal erosion was 66%, 41%, 16%, and 17%, respectively. Children with caries experience were more likely to have family impact than those without caries (decay, missing, filled teeth) [P < 0.05]). Conclusion: There was an association between oral health status and family QoL among 6–12 years schoolchildren. Dental caries had an impact on family QoL among the schoolchildren in Bengaluru city.

The Association between Parenting Stress, Positive Reappraisal Coping, and Quality of Life in Parents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Children: A Systematic Review.

Parents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children generally suffer from poor coping and an impaired quality of life (QoL). This systematic review investigates parenting stress, positive reappraisal coping, and QoL in parents with ASD children. A literature search was carried out for publications written in English on the selected investigation topics using five databases, namely, Scopus, PubMed, Wiley, ScienceDirect Online, and EBSCO. Only studies investigating or measuring parenting stress, positive reappraisal coping, and QoL in ASD were included. Our results indicate that parents with ASD children have high stress levels. This is associated with the ineffective use of coping strategies and a low QoL. Adaptive coping strategies are related to a higher QoL, whereas maladaptive coping techniques are related to a worse QoL. Positive reappraisal coping is negatively correlated to meaningfulness, and it is used by parents to change their daily routines in order to motivate themselves towards new and evolving goals in life. Finally, we found a significant negative correlation between parenting stress, positive reappraisal coping, and the QoL of parents with ASD children. Positive reappraisal coping as a strategy helps parents adapt to stress and was found to be a potential mediatory function between parental stress and QoL.