Parental Patterns Research Articles

Men and women's waking patterns to infant crying: Preparenthood differences are insufficient to explain uneven sharing of nighttime care.

Crying in infancy is an important emotional signal that elicits care from adults, and women are often assumed to be more sensitive and reactive to infant crying than men. In a series of studies, we tested whether preparenthood gender differences in sensitivity to infant cries are a potential driver of the unequal share of early parenting. In Study 1, we tested for differences in men and women's awakening to infant crying and alarms among nonparents in an overnight experiment (N = 142). We found that at the lowest sound volumes only, estimated at a sound pressure level of between 33 and 44 decibels, women were 14% more likely to wake than men to both infant crying and alarm sounds. There were no differences between women and men at louder sound volumes. In Study 2, we examined the nighttime caregiving patterns of first-time parents over a week using experience sampling to obtain reports from both fathers and mothers (N = 117). We found that mothers were, on average, three times more likely to check on or respond to their infants at night than fathers. In 23% of couples, there was some evidence for equal sharing. Finally, in a simulation study, we reconstructed the distribution of care that could emerge from the awakening differences observed in Study 1. We then compared these simulations to the empirical nighttime caregiving patterns reported by first-time parents in Study 2. Our simulation showed that the large difference between parents' nighttime caregiving was unlikely to emerge from the small preparenthood differences in awakening likelihood. We conclude that the greater maternal share of nighttime caregiving cannot plausibly be explained by inherent preparenthood differences in auditory reactivity or nocturnal waking behavior in men or women. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Studi Potensi Teknologi Hologram Untuk Meningkatkan Wawasan Kebangsaan Gen Alpha

The era of society 5.0 is part of the history of technological development. Technology is present in every human activity. The wise use of technology can create extraordinary cognitive abilities. In an effort to realize the golden Indonesia 2045 and feel the demographic bonus 2030, all parties are expected to be able to contribute, especially teachers and parents. In this study, we focus on efforts to increase Indonesian national insight by the Alpha generation through learning using holograms to realize the Golden Indonesia 2045. The Alpha generation, which is believed to live side by side with technology, has several concerns such as decreased cognitive, focus and social abilities. This study uses a literature study to determine the potential of holograms in increasing national insight. The discussion that we present begins with the parenting pattern of the Alpha generation and the urgency of national insight to foster a sense of love for the homeland and strengthen Indonesian national insight in reducing the impact of the flow of Globalization.

The Parenting Style of Ustadz in Enhancing Students' Academic Achievement at Al Azizah Islamic Boarding School, Karanggeneng Godong Grobogan, Academic Year 2023/2024

This research aims to determine: (1) The approach of ustadz parenting in improving the learning achievement of students at Al Azizah Islamic Boarding School Karanggeneng Godong Grobogan in the 2023/2024 school year (2) The method of ustadz in improving the learning achievement of students at Al Azizah Islamic Boarding School Karanggeneng Godong Grobogan in the 2023/2024 school year (3) The evaluation carried out by ustadz in improving the learning achievement of students at Al Azizah Islamic Boarding School Karanggeneng Godong Grobogan in the 2023/2024 school year. This research uses a qualitative type, where data is obtained by observation, interviews and documentation, the data that has been collected is analyzed through the data stages so that the data obtained data on the implications of the implementation of ustadz parenting patterns in improving learning achievement at the Al Azizah Karanggeneng Godong Grobogan Islamic Boarding School in the 2023/2024 school year. The results showed that: (1) The approach of ustadz parenting in improving the learning achievement of students at Al Azizah Karanggeneng Godong Grobogan Islamic Boarding School in the 2023/2024 academic year, the approaches taken by ustadz include through individual approaches, social approaches, task approaches, edutaiment approaches. (2) The ustadz method in improving the learning achievement of students at the Al Azizah Islamic Boarding School Karanggeneng Godong Grobogan in the 2023/2024 school year methods implemented such as: the syawir method, sorogan method, memorization method, habituation method, bandongan method, khitabah method, group study. (3) The evaluation carried out in improving the learning achievement of students at the Al Azizah Islamic Boarding School Karanggeneng Godong Grobogan in the 2023/2024 school year measures students with tests can be divided into three types, among others: 1) formative tests 2) summative tests 3) diagnostic tests .

"Because of english-language television channels": the accidental impact of screen time on children's language acquisition

Background: In the 21st century, the use of technology among children has grown rapidly, making screen time an essential aspect of their language development.Aim: This study aims to explore the impact of exposure to English-language cartoons on the language abilities of preschool children, specifically for S, a 5-year-old child.Method: The research method used is qualitative, employing observation and interview techniques involving S's parents and caregivers as subjects. Data were collected through direct observation and in-depth interviews to understand S's parenting patterns and the use of screen time in daily life. This study offers a new perspective by exploring the impact of unintentional exposure to English-language media as an innovative language acquisition strategy, particularly in the context of early childhood in Indonesia, where similar studies are scarce.Results: The research results indicate that although S experiences speech delays, exposure to English-language cartoons through screen time positively contributes to the development of their English language skills. Interventions by the parents, such as bilingual communication and speech therapy, have accelerated the improvement of these language skills.Conclusion: This study concludes that directed media exposure, supported by active parental involvement, can enhance children's language skills despite initial challenges. Thus, the study emphasizes the importance of effective supervision and management of screen time to support optimal language development.

Aspek-Aspek Kunci dalam Perkembangan Anak pada Masa Usia Dini

Early childhood development has a very large influence on the formation of various aspects of their lives, such as cognitive, emotional, social, and physical abilities. During this period, children begin to develop basic skills that will affect their quality of life in the future. This study aims to explore various factors that influence early childhood growth and development through an analysis of five relevant studies from Indonesia. Through a qualitative analysis approach, it was found that appropriate stimulation from the environment, supportive social interactions, and effective parenting patterns play an important role in child development. These findings are expected to provide insight for parents and educators in creating an environment that supports optimal child growth and development.

Family Resilience Management in Educating Children in the Digital Age: A Phenomenological Study of Families in Indonesia

The transformation of society in the information age is characterized by advances in digital technology which is a challenge for parents in family parenting patterns. This research aims to find patterns of family resilience in family parenting in the Digital era, is a phenomenological research on Javanese families in Yogyakarta. This research uses a qualitative research method of phenomenological study. The subjects in the study were determined through purposive sampling, namely 5 families in Yogyakarta City who were determined according to the characteristics. Data collection used in-depth interviews and observations, while data analysis was through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The results of this study are as follows: 1) problems faced by families in parenting in the Digital Age, including a) Interaction and communication between parents and children are less intense, b) Relationships between parents and children are less open, c) children quickly follow trends on social media. 2) Parenting strategies in Javanese families in the digital era through a) parents as role models through giving examples in increasing spirituality and positive habituation, b) parents need to have responsive digital skills. 3) Family resilience patterns in parenting in the digital era that need to be built by a) developing life optimism based on Javanese values, such as rukun, ewuh pekewuh, lembah manah, nrimo ing pandum, pangerten, andhap ashor, tepo sliro. b) Building a humanistic dialog, respecting each other, listening and responding to each other, making comfortable not depressed and afraid in the process, this is a process that can be developed in families in the digital era. c) democratic-contextual, in facing challenges and crises in the family, parents also need to develop a democratic parenting style that suits the needs of each child. d) democratic-contextual.

PRAKTIK FATHERLESS DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN PENGASUHAN ANAK DALAM FIKIH ISLAM DAN HUKUM PERKAWINAN DI INDONESIA

The phenomenon of fatherless, which is increasingly prevalent in Indonesia, has become a serious concern due to its negative impact on children’s development, both physically, mentally, and spiritually. This study aims to analyze the perspective of Islamic Fiqh and the Marriage Law regarding the role of fathers in child care, identify the father’s obligations in child care according to Islamic Fiqh and the Marriage Law, and determine the impact of fatherless practices on child growth. This study uses a library research method with a qualitative approach. The data used are primary data and secondary data obtained from various sources of literature, such as books, journals, and official documents. Data collection techniques were carried out through literature studies, and data analysis used content analysis. The results of the study show that Islamic Fiqh and the Marriage Law in Indonesia both emphasize the importance of the father’s role in child care. Fathers have an obligation to provide sustenance, educate and guide children, as well as provide affection and attention. However, fatherless practices in Indonesia are caused by several factors, such as high divorce rates, unbalanced parenting patterns, patriarchal culture, and the death of the father. The impact of fatherless on children’s growth and development can be in the form of father hunger, which is a condition of psychological damage that results in low self-esteem, difficulty adapting, slow psychological maturity, difficulty managing emotions, and lack of decision-making ability.

TANTANGAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENDIDIK ANAK DI ERA DIGITAL MENURUT AMORIS LAETITIA

This research explores the challenges faced by parents in educating children. This research uses an interview method approach. The aim of this research is to look at parents' teaching patterns towards children in the digital era, especially in terms of the use and use of gadgets. This research study is also to illustrate the values of the Amoris Laetitia document regarding joy in the family with the parenting patterns of children. The research results show that parents are still used to their children's rigid needs, lack of consistent discipline, parents who do not understand the dangers of gadgets, so they do not understand the positive and negative impacts of using gadgets. Parents find it difficult to control the social environment and the needs provided by parents are limited to physical needs but there are no spiritual needs. However, this research is far from perfect and there are many shortcomings, therefore future researchers are advised to conduct research in different locations to see whether the results are consistent or whether there are differences that arise due to differences in culture, geography or social conditions, but focus more on Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially its impact on children's education and parenting patterns.

Patterns of Parent – Child Agreement on Risk for Psychopathology – the Relations with Parental Stress and Mental Health

Patterns of Parent – Child Agreement on Risk for Psychopathology – the Relations with Parental Stress and Mental Health

The Role of Parenting Styles in Treatment Stunting in Selengen Village, Kayangan District

The role of parenting style plays an important role in dealing with the problem of stunting. Stunting can be influenced by low access to food and the quality of balanced nutrition which is not consumed by children regularly, and often does not have a variety. Therefore, improving diet, parenting patterns, as well as improving and accessing clean water are things that must be considered in handling stunting. Poor parenting patterns in caring for children, including feeding babies and toddlers, are also influenced by the understanding of parents, especially mothers. Therefore, there is a need for education about reproductive health and nutrition so that prospective mothers understand the importance of meeting nutritional needs during pregnancy and for the fetus, which is also important in managing stunting. The role of parents in caring for children must also be based on good and appropriate understanding so that parents know what is good or bad for their children. This research aims to describe the role of parenting styles in dealing with the problem of stunting in Selengen village, Kayangan sub-district. The research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques from interviews and observations. The research subjects involved Health Midwives, Nutrition Midwives, Gynecology Midwives, Posyandu cadres and children experiencing stunting in Selengen village, Kayangan sub-district. The scope of activities such as socializing the provision of additional food (PMT) and immunization.

Correlation between self-efficacy, parental parenting patterns, and severe depression in adolescents.

Adolescence is a critical period marked by significant psychological changes. This study explores how self-efficacy and parental parenting styles may influence the risk of severe depression among teens. The hypothesis is that higher self-efficacy and authoritative parenting patterns will be negatively correlated with severe depression in adolescents. To investigate the correlation between self-efficacy, parenting patterns and major depression in adolescents, and to provide guidance for mental intervention. Using a cross-sectional survey design, the data were collected through a questionnaire survey. Patients with major depression and healthy adolescents in the hospital control group were selected as the study objects. The General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Parenting Style Evaluation Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory were used as research instruments. Data input and statistical analysis were performed, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, through SPSS software. The study found that depressed patients had significantly lower self-efficacy than healthy controls, and parenting style was significantly associated with depressive symptoms in terms of emotional warmth and understanding, punishment severity, and denial. Specifically, parental emotional warmth and understanding were significantly negatively associated with depressive symptoms, while parental punishment severity and denial were significantly positively associated with depressive symptoms. Self-efficacy showed a significant negative correlation with depressive symptoms, indicating that higher self-efficacy had lower depressive symptoms. Adolescent major depressive disorder patient was significantly associated with their parenting style and self-efficacy. Higher self-efficacy is associated with decreased depressive symptoms, so improving adolescent self-efficacy and improving parenting style are important.

Dialektika Budaya Dan Kesehatan Dalam Menanggulangi Masalah Stunting Di Desa Sengkerang Lombok Tengah

Indonesia has a quite serious nutrition problem, marked by a high number of cases of malnutrition, also known as Malnutrition. This malnutrition is a consequence that arises from nutritional status. Indonesia's stunting rate over five years shows an average figure of 36.4% from 2005 to 2017, which is why Indonesia is still categorized as lagging behind. Meanwhile, data from the end of 2022 to the beginning of 2023 shows that the stunting rate in Sengkerang Village is 7.92%. Out of a total of 774 measured toddlers, 74 are experiencing stunting issues. Therefore, this research focuses on discussing the factors influencing the stunting rate in Sengkerang Village and the dialectic of culture and health in addressing health issues in Sengkerang Village. The aim of this research is to identify the factors affecting the stunting rate in Sengkerang Village and to describe how the dialectic of culture and health addresses the stunting problem in Sengkerang Village, Central Lombok. This study uses qualitative research methods with a phenomenological approach. The research results show that the factors causing stunting are as follows: cultural and traditional factors of the community that influence stunting rates, social and economic factors of the family, health and environmental cleanliness factors, the parenting patterns of the current village community towards children, and government policies and interventions. Therefore, a dialectic of culture and health is needed to address the following health issues: 1) Understanding local culture, 2) Collaboration with local figures, 3) Use of media and cultural communication, and 4) Multidisciplinary approach.

POLA ASUH ORANG TUA MUDA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI DI DESA TOGID KECAMATAN TUTUYAN KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW TIMUR

The village of Togid in the Tutuyan district of East Bolaang Mongondow regency is one of the areas where underage couples have married and become parents. These young parents often pay little attention to the parenting patterns they apply to early childhood development and tend to use uncreative parenting approaches. This study employed a qualitative research method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings show three parenting styles adopted by young parents, each characterized by an inconsistent approach. In the democratic parenting style, children are generally allowed to express their thoughts, opinions, and feelings. In the permissive parenting style, parents prioritize avoiding conflict, often giving in to the child's wishes and providing minimal supervision. In the authoritarian style, young parents respond to mistakes or undesired behavior by yelling or using physical force. The impact of young parents' parenting styles on early childhood development can be seen in two less favorable developmental aspects. First, moral development, where children display poor moral behavior, such as defying their parents or using inappropriate language. Second, social-emotional development, where children exhibit negative emotions and may even resort to physical aggression.

STRATEGI HUKUM DALAM PENANGANAN PERNIKAHAN ANAK SEBAGAI FAKTOR PENYEBAB STUNTING DI KABUPATEN BOALEMO

According to a survey of Nutrition Status in Indonesia by the Ministry of Health, in 2023 Gorontalo Province has a stunting prevalence rate of 23.8% and most of the parents are child marriage practitioners. Boalemo Regency has a fairly high stunting rate, especially in Tilamuta District, 4 (Four) Villages which are stunting red zones, namely Piloliyanga Village, Hungayonaa Village, Bajo Village and East Pentadu Village.The purpose of the research is to find out the impact, as well as the application of legal strategies regarding child marriage as the main factor causing stunting, so that the stunting rate in Boalemo Regency can be reduced. The research method used is empirical juridical. The types of data collected are primary and secondary and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the impact of child marriage on increasing stunting rates in Boalemo Regency is immature reproductive health, inadequate food intake during pregnancy, lack of access to health services, termination of education, non-optimal parenting patterns, stress and mental health. Legal strategies in handling child marriage as a cause of stunting include stricter and stronger law enforcement, stricter sanctions, Legal Education & Public Awareness, Economic and Social Empowerment, Multisector Cooperation and Monitoring & Evaluation.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF MOTHER'S PARENTING PATTERNS WITH THENUTRITIONAL STATUS OF TODDLER AGES 24-60 MONTHS AT POSYANDU SEKUPANG, BATAM CITY, 2024

Based on the preliminary survey results conducted by the research at the Sekupang community health center, there were 87 patients with nutritional deficiencies in 2023. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between maternal parenting patterns and the occurrence of nutritional status at the Harapan Ibu integrated health service post in Sekupang in 2024. The independent variable in this study is maternal parenting style, while the dependent variable is nutritional status. The design used in this research is quantitative with a cross-sectional approach aimed at examining the relationship between the independent and dependent variables at the same time, and the sampling technique employed is total sampling. The population in this study consists of mothers with toddlers aged 24-60 months who are at the Harapan Ibu Posyandu in Sekupang, Batam City, totaling 45 mothers with toddlers, and the research was conducted in July 2024. Data collection tools using questionnaires on maternal parenting styles and nutritional status through anthropometric measurements. Analyze the data using the chi-square statistical test. The research results obtained 45 respondents, of which 5 (11.1%) experienced good maternal parenting, 7 (15.6%) experienced adequate parenting, and 33 (73.3%) experienced poor maternal parenting. Additionally, 32 respondents (71.1%) experienced malnutrition, 12 (26.7%) had good nutrition, and 1 (2.2%) experienced overnutrition. The research findings indicate a significant relationship between maternal parenting and the nutritional status of toddlers, with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.005, thus the null hypothesis is rejected, meaning there is a relationship between maternal parenting and the nutritional status of children aged 24-60 months at the Harapan Ibu posyandu. It is recommended that research sites provide education to mothers about what maternal parenting patterns are and the nutritional status of toddlers.

The effect of family upbringing model on social cognitive development of adolescents

The family upbringing model is a generalized summary of various parenting characteristics, it has been shown to affect the development of adolescents. However, the impact of different parenting styles and other family factors on the development of adolescents' social cognition has not been collated and summarized. We mainly used the index words “parenting styles” and “family upbringing models” to search in PubMed and Web of Science database. We selected the articles published between 2004 and 2024 for summary and analysis and found 10174 items. A total of 66 articles related to adolescent social cognitive development were screened for inclusion in the study. In the search process, we also included keywords such as “family rearing patterns” to ensure the literature obtained was as comprehensive as possible. Finally, based on Diana Baumrind's theory of family parenting patterns and Albert Bandura's social cognition theory, this paper explores the effects of attachment relationships, family structure, parenting styles, and other family factors on adolescents' social cognitive development. The results show the positive effects of good family upbringing patterns on adolescent cognitive development and the negative effects of undesirable factors on adolescent development.

The Role of Parenting in Cultivating Environmental Attitudes in Early Childhood in Digital Era

In this digital era, parenting plays an important role in shaping environmental awareness and nature-friendly behavior in early childhood. Children at this time are often exposed to technology from an early age, so excessive use can affect children's attitudes and behavior towards the environment. This study aims to identify the role of appropriate parenting on environmental care in the digital era in early childhood. This research uses a qualitative study with a literature review research method by collecting various scientific sources. This research aims to convey information about how the role of parenting can affect children's environmental care attitudes in the digital era. An important finding in this study is that the role of parents in shaping children's character, especially in the digital era, is very important. Parents must understand the characteristics of children in the digital era, apply appropriate parenting patterns and build effective communication with children. The importance of applying democratic and authoritative parenting, in helping children develop positive environmental awareness. Therefore, the importance of early religious and moral values education as an effort to instill environmental awareness in children. Parents' involvement in children's learning, both at home and at school, is a key factor in shaping environmental awareness in early childhood.

Correlation Between Parenting Pattern of Working Moms and Children's Independence at Kindergarten Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya

Social and economic changes in modern society have increased the number of parents working outside the home. This phenomenon has a significant impact on family dynamics and parenting patterns. One important aspect that needs to be investigated is how working parents affect the development of children's independence. Independence is an important aspect of child development, including the ability to make decisions, solve problems, and take responsibility for their actions. This study aims to explore the correlation between the parenting pattern of working moms and children's independence aged 5-6 years. This research is an observational study (non-experimental) with a cross-sectional research design. This study aims to examine the correlation between parenting patterns of working mothers (independent variable) and the independence of children aged 5-6 years (dependent variable). The research was conducted at Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya Kindergarten. The instruments used in this study were a modified Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire-Short Version (PSDQ) and a questionnaire for children's independence. The statistical test used in this study is Spearman analysis. After processing the data using the spearman's rho test the results obtained p = 0.036 <0.05. These results, show that there is a correlation between parenting patterns of working mothers and the independence of children aged 5-6 years at Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya Kindergarten. Working mothers should provide attention, affection, and warmth so that children's independence both in the home and school environment will be higher.

THE INFLUENCE OF CHILD GROWTH STATUS AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS ON THE SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN

Background: Social-emotional development is one of the most influential aspects of a child's subsequent development. Negative early experiences can lead to disruptions in children's mental health and affect their cognitive, behavioral, and social-emotional development. Children who can adjust socially and emotionally well will perform better at school, have increased self-confidence, have good relationships, take on and persist in challenging tasks, and communicate well. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of growth and family relationships on the social-emotional development of preschool-age children. Methods: The design of this study is observational research (non-experimental) with a cross-sectional research design, to see the relationship between the influence of child growth, and family relationships with social-emotional development. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The statistical test used in this study is coefficient regression with a significance level of p 0.05. Results: The results showed that the level of social-emotional development in preschool children in kindergarten. ADNI Surabaya 72% (47) medium category. Child growth variables have a significant positive effect on children's socio-emotional development, and mother-child attachment has a significant positive impact on children's socio-emotional development. Conclusion: It is recommended that the Principal of ADNI Kindergarten strive for continuous education on good parenting patterns, attachment between mothers and children, how to improve children's ability to socialize, and how to stimulate children's growth and development, to achieve optimal children's socio-emotional development.

Hubungan antara Pola Asuh Islami Orang Tua terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa X Wates

This study aims to examine the relationship between Islamic parenting patterns of parents and students' learning motivation at SMK X Wates. This study is motivated by the importance of the role of parents in shaping children's learning motivation, especially in the context of education based on Islamic values. The research method used is quantitative with a survey approach, where data is collected through questionnaires given to students. The population used for this study was 150 students. Then the data obtained were analyzed using statistical techniques to see the relationship between Islamic parenting patterns and learning motivation. The results of the study obtained an asymp sig-2 tailed value of .074 <0.05 which indicates that there is a significant relationship between Islamic parenting patterns of parents and students' learning motivation. This study is expected to provide insight for parents to apply effective parenting patterns in increasing children's learning motivation.