Parameters Of Rolling Stock Research Articles

Снижение числа несчастных случаев и аварий при управлении поездом в автоматическом режиме

Railroad transport is the main element of economic development of Russian regions; it ensures reliable communication between industrial enterprises and raw material supply bases in Russia. Transportation of enterprise employees and freights is an integral part of the successful functioning of any industrial company. Ensuring safe conditions of train traffic is a matter of high priority for all participants in the transportation process. The article provides external and internal parameters affecting the safety of rolling stock. The impact of external factors, such as weather conditions, optical visibility, illumination, and air transparency on the operation of technical vision systems when driving a train in automatic mode have been analyzed. Taking the impact of these factors into account is necessary to limit the speed of rolling stock in the sectors of low visibility and sharp reduction of visibility range of obstacles, which is crucial to ensure safe train movement when calculating the braking curve. Such a dependence requires the introduction of correcting coefficients into algorithms of the train movement model and considering the correction when calibrating and configuring computers and devices of the technical vision system. In order to determine the internal parameters of rolling stock, an algorithm for the calculation of the coordinates of a technical object has been proposed. For a moving object, the coordinates are calculated on the orthodromic trajectory using the existing dependence between the current longitude and latitude of the object and the speed projections measurements of the rolling stock on the axis of the geographic coordinate system. The proposed options to determine the rolling stock parameters improve the quality and accuracy of determining speed and coordinates and reduce computing and hardware costs aboard a locomotive, which, in turn, affects the time of decision-making to ensure optimal control of rolling stock and prevention of accidents and emergencies.

Применение машинного обучения для анализа технических характеристик и параметров эксплуатируемого подвижного состава на высокоскоростных железнодорожных магистралях

Purpose: Machine learning is one of the most popular technologies at the present time, which finds application in various industries. One such industry is rail transport, where machine learning can significantly improve the management of locomotives and electric trains. The article is devoted to the study of the possibility of using machine learning to analyze the technical characteristics and parameters of the rolling stock using electric trains operating on high-speed railway lines as an example. The article discusses machine learning mechanisms for data analysis, as well as offers practical recommendations for using machine learning for data analysis on railway transport. Methods: The k-means method is one of the most popular machine learning algorithms for clustering, which allows to split a dataset into k similar groups or clusters. The algorithm is based on finding the centroids (mean values) of each cluster and assigning objects to the cluster that has the closest centroid. Depending on the choice of the initial values of the centroids and the parameters of the algorithm, the partitioning of data into clusters can be different. In addition, k-means is a relatively easy-to-implement and efficient clustering algorithm that can be used as an initial estimate for more complex clustering algorithms; The linear regression method is a statistical algorithm used to determine the relationship between two continuous variables. The algorithm uses a linear function that describes the relationship between the dependent variable and one or more independent variables. Results: Algorithm for processing and primary analysis of the characteristics and parameters of high-speed rolling stock, the results of parameter clustering, a technique for predicting the technical characteristics of prospective high-speed rolling stock. Practical significance: The methods of application of machine learning for the analysis of technical characteristics and parameters of the operated rolling stock on high-speed railway lines are shown. The methods will allow to substantiate and predict the necessary characteristics when developing technical requirements for high-speed transport in Russia. Using machine learning, it is possible to improve the accuracy of calculating the technical and economic models of high-speed highways, and further reduce the cost of operating rolling stock.

Reducing Oscillations in Suspension of Mine Monorail Track

Purpose: The goal of this work is to reduce the effect of dynamic loads on the mine timbering through the use of the elastic devices contained in the monorail suspension and to justify their parameters. Methods and materials: The article considers the developed mathematical model of vertical oscillations of the monorail track, which allows setting the interconnection between the rolling stock parameters and dynamic loads in the suspension. At vertical oscillations of the monorail and under the effect of harmonic disturbing force caused by the movement of the suspension, the system of the monorail suspension can be represented in the form of a dual-mass system. Results: As a result, the equations for oscillation amplitudes of the monorail elements were obtained and damping coefficient of suspension was defined. The obtained results suggest setting reasonable parameters of the monorail fastening, which offers the possibility to decrease dynamic loads occurring during the operation of the mine suspended monorail tracks. The proposed monorail suspension makes it possible to reduce the dynamic loads formed during the movement of the rolling stock by 30–40% and can be used to modernize existing mine suspended monorails. Discussion: Analysis of the obtained results shows that in order to reduce the vibration amplitudes of a suspended monorail mine, it is appropriate to use suspension systems for rolling stock and a monorail track, consisting of elastic elements. The parameters required for this can be determined using the proposed method, and required rigidity of the monorail track is provided by embedding elastic supports into its suspension system. Conclusions: The obtained results allow setting reasonable parameters of the monorail fastening of the mine suspended monorail tracks. The proposed monorail suspension makes it possible to minimize the dynamic loads formed during the movement of rolling stock and can be used to modernize existing mine suspension monorails.

Evaluation of operational performance parameters of rolling stock when driving over bumpy roads

The current situation on the railway network of Russia and the East Siberian Railways in particular, the increase in the number of wagon cuts and unsatisfactory condition of the track and rolling stock, require the search for optimal solutions to these problems. Considering this topical subject it is necessary to touch upon the issues of modern strategies and trends in the development of railway transport with the introduction of modern technologies and technological equipment. As a result of a detailed consideration of the cause-and-effect relationship of the occurrence of factors affecting the dynamics of the car passing the track irregularities, the starting point will be an in-depth analysis of the system of interactions between the wheel and the rail. This analysis will make it possible to objectively assess the causes of existing problems in the field of operation, describe the emerging phenomena with a sufficient degree of justification, offer progressive topical solutions and possible promising developments in this industry. Turning to the statistics on failures over the past 3 years, one can trace the growth of malfunctions associated with defects in the rolling surface of wheel sets. Indeed, an increase in the speed of rolling stock, and in the volume and quantity of transported goods resulted in an increase in the intensity of rolling stock operation. Consequently, there was an increase in loads on the main components of the rolling stock and in the intensity of parts wear.

МОДЕЛЬ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ БАРЬЕРНЫХ ФУНКЦИЙ ПО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЮ СОХРАННОСТИ ГРУЗОВЫХ ВАГОНОВ ПРИ ИХ ПРИЕМЕ НА ИНФРАСТРУКТУРУ ОАО «РЖД»

The paper presents analysis of main reasons of car damage on non-public railway tracks. It shows that the introduction of barrier functions that block the release of cars with unusable parts on the JSC «RZD» infrastructure allows decreasing car damage from failure of cast parts of bogies. The authors give a definition to a barrier function as a blocking reaction of an information system on discrepancy of rolling stock parameters to established requirements. At car allowance on the JSC «RZD» infrastructure after loading-unloading operations they suggest to introduce the barrier function «creating of logical prohibition on car reception from non-public tracks when a damaged car is revealed». The authors have created a simulation model of car allowance on the infrastructure that allow automating allowance procedure and significantly decreasing risks of release of damaged cars. For the development of the mathematical model they propose to use the method of statistical modeling (the Monte-Carlo technique).

METROLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ENSURING MEASUREMENTS IN RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK PROJECTS

The problems of obtaining reliable information in online mode about the technical condition of rolling stock are considered. It was determined that obtaining such information is possible thanks to the use of a system for monitoring the parameters of the condition of the rolling stock using technical means that carry out measurements based on metrological support. It is known that one of the main tasks of railway transport is the safety of traffic, which can be ensured by using a parameter monitoring system to maintain and restore the efficiency, reliability and reduce operational costs of rolling stock. The paper presents the metrological aspects of providing measurements of rolling stock parameters by the statistical method of calculating verification intervals, which allows to determine control errors based on the available initial data in the form of specified error intervals of measuring devices. A detailed description of the method and, accordingly, the results of using the method to determine the dependence of the average risk of verification and the dependence of the ratio of the value of the optimal control tolerance on the estimation of the error of the measuring device being verified to the limit of its permissible error on the ratio of losses due to false and undetected failures are presented, in a graphical form.

Management of the Processes of Filling, Storage and Discharge of Grain Cargo at Transport Storage Facilities

The active transformation of transport links and redistribution of cargo fl requires intensive development of new promising areas of cargo transportation. It is necessary to use existing transport and technological systems to develop measures to increase productivity and reduce non-production costs. This approach provides for increasing the effi of the transport and logistics system.The objective of the article is to study, develop and specify transport and technological facilities intended to handle grain cargo and their individual, most significant elements.The organisation of transportation of various cargoes, taking into account the parameters of rolling stock, handling and storage equipment, is of decisive importance in determining the efficiency of transport and technological schemes.The paper considers the technology developed to move the material flow from the consignor to the consignee, which allows to supply cargo to the recipients at a fixed time while keeping its qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The study of the grain cargo transportation market made it possible to draw a conclusion about the importance of filling, discharge, and temporary storage operations for the entire operation chain.A proposed innovative design of a class of bunker silos could significantly expand their functionality together with the developed technology of their operation to handle grain cargo.Study on the analysis and modelling of the processes in proposed bunker silo considered physical and mechanical properties of the considered cargoes. The main parameters and factors, as well as the range of their influence on the efficiency of its operation were investigate for filling, storage and discharge stages.

MODERN INFORMATION SYSTEMS ON THE UKRAINIAN FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION MARKET

Purpose. At present, the efficiency of supply chains significantly depends on the quality of information support of the transportation process. Modern information technologies in transport should provide the ability to quickly place and search for transportation orders, select carriers' offers by rolling stock parameters, price, transportation history, allow the interchange of electronic data between transportation process participants, solve the problems of accounting, analysis and optimization of the transport process. In this regard, a study of the functionality and experience of using information technologies in order to increase the efficiency of rail and road freight transportation in Ukraine was carried out. Methodology. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used to study the basic functionality and experience of using information systems in the organization of freight transportation by rail and road transport in Ukraine. Results. The transport system of Ukraine is characterized by significant volumes of cargo transportation by rail and road. At the same time, there are a lot of information systems and software products on the domestic market that have wide functionality and good practice of using them to solve the problems of organizing transportation and optimizing the transport process. Scientific novelty. The results of the analysis of the functionality and practice of using modern information technologies to provide the freight transportation make it possible to carry out a scientific and economic justification for the choice and application of software products and systems for organizing and improving the efficiency of the transport process. Practical significance. The presented research results can be applied in solving the problems of organizing and optimizing the process of freight transportation by rail and road transport in Ukraine.

Contemporary principles for solving the problem in noise reduction from railway rolling stock

The statistical and monitoring data confirm the significant impact of the operational mode on the most important noise and vibration parameters, which is relevant for ensuring the efficiency and quality of the operational process with regard to ergonomic and environmental requirements. The article analyzes the acoustic parameters of rolling stock of the railway, emphasizes the peculiarities of noise emission from various elements of rolling stock and a track. Existing approaches towards solving the problem in the organization of railway noise control are outlined. On the basis of existing modern methods for measurement and analysis of acoustic parameters, the authors propose conceptual approaches toward monitoring the acoustic parameters, predicting noise characteristics and constructing the noise maps of railways. The algorithm of the developed acoustic model for the operational monitoring of noise load and the possibility to compile a case of noise maps for Ukrzaliznytsia is presented. The proposed algorithm allows at given basic design parameters and speed of rolling stock, known sound-absorbing and dissipative characteristics of all elements to carry out a rational selection of noise-protective measures in accordance with the sanitary noise regulations for a specific receptive facility.

THE SYSTEM OF ROLLING-STOCK’s PARAMETERS OF INTERMODAL PIGGYBACK TRANSPORTATION

Introduction. The priority area of transport systems development is the formation of transport corridors with multimodal systems and intermodal cargo delivery technologies, ensuring the achievement of economic, social and environmental goals facing the countries. For the transport system of Russia, which claims to advance transit cargo flows through its territory, the solution to the above problems can be achieved by organization of the piggyback transportation. A necessary condition for the organization of effective piggyback transportation in domestic and international traffics is the systematization of parameters and the assessment of technical compatibility of the involved rolling-stock.Methods and models. A systems approach is used to represent piggyback transportation as a complex technical system consisting of road vehicles, domestic and foreign railway rolling-stock interacting in intermodal terminals. The ER-model is used to describe the conceptual scheme of the piggyback system.Results. The parameters of the road and railway rolling-stock are justified and systematized, their mutual influence is determined at the level of compatibility of their technical and operational parameters in the organization of domestic and international piggyback transportation. Systematization, structuring, storing and updating of rollingstock parameters are carried out using the database «Determining the rolling-stock basic parameters of piggyback delivery systems» developed in Microsoft Access.Conclusion. The developed system of parameters allows to assess technical compatibility of road and railway rolling-stock of the countries participating in piggyback transportation, and can also be used for unification of intermodal transport units and harmonization of the overall weight restrictions on the road and railway networks.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.

Development of train ride comfort prediction model for railway slab track system

Abstract Despite considerable importance of train ride comfort (TRC) in railway slab tracks, there is no TRC prediction model for the slab tracks in the available literature. In this regard, a practical TRC prediction model was developed in this research, taking into account all the track and rolling stock influencing parameters. For this purpose, a vehicle/slab-track interaction model was developed. The model was validated using the results obtained from a comprehensive field test. The effects of rail pad, resilient layer, subgrade, properties of rolling stock suspension systems and vehicle speed on the TRC were studied through a parametric study of the model in which random rail irregularities with various severities were considered. The results obtained were used to develop the TRC prediction model. The accuracy of the model predictions was evaluated by comparing them with those obtained from a railway field. It was shown that the TRC prediction model developed here is a reliable tool for estimation of the TRC from slab track properties, rolling stock parameters and track irregularities. Applicability of the model in the real world of practice is illustrated.

CALCULATION ALGORITHM SCHEME OF PLACEMENT FOR PIPE PRODUCTS OF VARIOUS VARIETY IN THE BODY OF MOTOR VEHICLES

The article deals with topical issues of rational placement of cargo on rolling stock in the system of car transportation of pipe rolled products. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for calculating the layout of pipe products of various sizes in the bodywork of vehicles, taking into account the properties of the cargo, rolling stock parameters and traffic conditions. Given the detailed characteristics of the cargo carried by range, weight, dimensions of packages. The analysis of the parameters of the rolling stock and transport conditions.The development is based on individual methods and methods of standards, guidelines, codes, rules of transportation, rules for securing cargoes operating in European countries. It has been established that in the countries of the European Union there is still no uniform methodology for placing and securing goods in the backs of vehicles. Issues of placement and mounting of pipe products of various sizes and sizes on the cargo platforms of vehicles in the literature are not considered.The developed algorithm is a set of actions for the selection, calculation and verification of various parameters of the pipe placement (loading) scheme. The algorithm includes several blocks, each of which corresponds to a separate operation or group of operations. The main stages of development are: formation of a package of pipe products, determination of the size of the cargo cross section according to the criterion of maximum load capacity, calculations of axial loads, inertial forces acting on the vehicle, friction forces, pretension forces, selection and calculation of the number of funds fasteners and props. During the development, a number of verification calculations are also performed for axial loads and stresses.The scientific novelty should include the lack of methods, models and algorithms in the selection and development of rational schemes for the placement of tubular products on cargo platforms of motor vehicles. The practical significance lies in the fact that the introduction of more rational schemes for the placement of pipe products will increase the productivity of rolling stock by 6-12% and almost completely eliminate the damage to the commercial appearance of pipe products.

The physical model of the vehicle electromagnetic shock absorber

This article presents the development of an electromagnetic absorber physical model. The developed system is designed for physical experiments realisation. Estimated experiments results are necessary for the suspension operating parameters adjustment. Research need is caused by the stochastic nature of the road unevenness and rolling stock parameters.

PROCESS FEATURES OF FLUCTUATIONS PROPAGATION AT STRESS-STRAIN WORK OF THE RAILWAY TRACK

Purpose. Scientific work aims at the determination the basic laws of fluctuations propagation process from exitation of rolling stock in the design system of permanent way and substructures of the railway lines for studing the deformation processes as the basis for a regulatory framework of the track operation in the conditions of ensuring the reliability of railways. Methodology. To achieve the aim the principles of elasticity theories and wave propagation process in describing the interaction track and rolling stock were applied. Findings. The kinds of fluctuations and system which should be used when considering the fluctuations in the deformation process of rail track were established. The general view of the displacement function was determined. Originality. The theoretical concepts and principles to consider fluctuations of a structures system of permanent way and substructures of the railway track, energised by rolling stock were grounded. This will allow studing the process of deformation work of the mentioned system, which changes its state. That in turn will allow us to determine the parameters of the trains functional reliability, as part of the security passes of rolling stock on the track section with regard to its technical condition. Practical value. Usually for safe crossing of rolling stock parameters of fluctuation process in the system «vehicle-track» are determined. Existing models or carefully consider fluctuations of rolling stock in generalized characteristics of the structures of permanent way and substructures of the railway tracks or view of quasi-dynamic fluctuations rails with general characteristics of under rail base. This review process of oscillations, energised by rolling stock and delivered to all the elements of the permanent way and substructures of the railway track do not allow determining both the reliability parameters of elements in the system of track construction and parameters of functional reliability of trains as part of security checkpoints in the area of rolling stock gauge because of its technical state. Therefore, for examining issues of reliable performance elements of the permanent way and substructures of the railway track are proposed its stress-strain work. It gives the possibility to consider a dynamic process, localized both in time and space.

Investigation of the Influences of Track Superstructure Parameters on Ballasted Railway Track Design

The main design criteria of ballasted railway tracks include rail deflections, rail bending stresses, rail wheel contact stresses, sleeper bending moments and ballast sleeper contact pressures. Numerous criteria have been defined for the design of ballasted railway tracks owing to the various mechanical properties of track components and their complex interaction. Therefore, railway track designing is a difficult and time-consuming process. These complications highlight the need to focus attention on the necessity of a thorough investigation into effect of the track and rolling stock parameters on the design criteria. In an attempt to overcome this problem, sensitivity analysis for the main railway track design criteria was conducted in this study. Consequently, the roles of track and rolling stock parameters (including track modulus, sleeper spacing, train speed and axle load) in the design of railway track were investigated for various track design criteria. The research findings provide new, practical suggestions for consideration in the analysis and design of ballasted railway tracks.

Influences of track and rolling stock parameters on the railway load amplification factor

In conventional design methods for railway tracks, the axle load is multiplied by a term called the load amplification factor (LAF). This operation is performed to compensate for the error introduced into the design process by the assumption of static loads. This approach simplifies the design methods and provides a sufficient level of accuracy. However, the available mathematical expressions proposed for this factor have two significant limitations: they account for a limited number of influencing parameters; and they were developed based solely on the design criteria of the rail. This research aims at improving the current LAF formulation by addressing these two limitations. Mathematical expressions were developed for the correlations between the LAF and influencing parameters due to the track and rolling stock. These expressions cover the design criteria of the track's substructure components (the rail, sleeper and ballast) and include most of the track and rolling stock parameters omitted in the previously developed LAF formulations. The results obtained in this research pave the way towards a more profound understanding of the dynamic response of tracks and provide practical guidance on how to improve the current methods used in railway track analysis and design.

Modeling of the track and rolling stock interaction

Purpose. Interaction of system’s elements of "carriage–track" modelling requires consideration of various criteria, it also requires analysis of many uncertainty and randomness factors’ influence on the basic parameters to ensure optimal or rational parameters of the system. The researching of interactions’ process requires new theoretical approaches to formulation of objectives, based on a generalization of existing modeling approaches. The purpose of this work is development of interaction models between track and rolling stock based on multiple structures of objects. Methodology. Dedicated and formed the main evaluation criteria of dynamic interaction between track and rolling stock optimization - quality assurance and safety of transportation process, improving of their efficiency and reducing of prime cost’s. Based on vector optimization methods, proposed model of rolling stock and track’s elements interaction. For the synthesis of the model used mathematical machine of multiple objects structures. Findings. Generalized approaches to modeling in the interaction of rolling stock and track for different structural elements of the system under different exploitation conditions. This theoretical approach demonstrated on the examples of modeling of passenger and freight cars with track under different exploitation conditions. Originality. Proposed theoretical approach to the problem of track and rolling stock interaction, based on a synthesis of existing models by using of multiple objects structures. Practical value. Using of proposed model allows to structure key data and rational parameters of rolling stock and track interaction’s modeling and to formulate optimal and rational parameters of the system, to determine the effective exploitation parameters and measurement system for rational use of infrastructure.

THE CONTACT PARAMETERS OF THE ROLLING STOCK AND THE PERMISSIBLE SPEED DECISION BRAKE PROBLEM ON THE TRANS-SHIPPING AREAS

Influence of the rolling stock parameters on the maximally permissible train traffic speeds according to the conditions of emergency braking on mountain pass sections is under consideration.

Planning of the Amount of Trains Needed for Transportation by Rail

Abstract The article analyses the importance of planning process of rail transportation. Railway planning problems are presented in this paper. Planning the railways for years, months, weeks or days ahead leads to substantially different problems; in this regard railway planning problems can be strategic, tactical, operational and short‐term. Another way to classify railway planning problems is based on their target: they concern the timetable, the rolling stock and the crew. Planning the structure and volume of the rolling stock is a key factor in achieving maximum efficiency of transportation by rail as well as forecasting the demand for these transport facilities. The demand for trains is a time‐dependant variable which in each case should be determined by two main approaches. The first method allows us to determine quantitative parameters of rolling stock (i.e. kilometers logged, efficiency, turnover, etc.). The second is based on specially developed mathematical models relying on qualitative characte...

PLANNING OF THE AMOUNT OF TRAINS NEEDED FOR TRANSPORTATION BY RAIL

The article analyses the importance of planning process of rail transportation. Railway planning problems are presented in this paper. Planning the railways for years, months, weeks or days ahead leads to substantially different problems; in this regard railway planning problems can be strategic, tactical, operational and short‐term. Another way to classify railway planning problems is based on their target: they concern the timetable, the rolling stock and the crew. Planning the structure and volume of the rolling stock is a key factor in achieving maximum efficiency of transportation by rail as well as forecasting the demand for these transport facilities. The demand for trains is a time‐dependant variable which in each case should be determined by two main approaches. The first method allows us to determine quantitative parameters of rolling stock (i.e. kilometers logged, efficiency, turnover, etc.). The second is based on specially developed mathematical models relying on qualitative characteristics such as relative expenses, efficiency of the particular train, relative expenditure of resources, cost of the trains, etc. Planning the volume of the rolling stock the determination of optimal service life of the trains plays an important role. The calculations involve repair costs, number of overhauls, current expenses and operational characteristics.