Genetic Variability Parameters Research Articles

Assessment of Crop Genetic Diversity Utilizing Multivariate Analysis in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Genotypes

Background: Understanding genetic variability parameters, correlation analysis and employing multivariate techniques such as principal component analysis and diversity analysis are crucial for designing effective breeding programs and conserving germplasm in pigeonpea. Morphological studies, when combined with multivariate analysis, offer valuable insights into genetic diversity, aiding in the selection of diverse parental lines and identifying promising segregants in hybridization programs. Methods: The study utilized 155 diverse genotypes of pigeon pea, planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the kharif seasons of 2022-23 and 2023-24. Character association analysis, multivariate analysis like PCA and diversity assessment were utilized. Result: Principal component analysis was employed to assess variability, where the first two principal components explained 35.63% of the total variability, with traits such as DFF, DM, NSB and NPP contributing significantly to variance. Morphological genetic diversity was assessed using Mahalanobis D2 statistics and hierarchical clustering. Morphological diversity assessment grouped the 155 pigeon pea genotypes into 9 clusters, with cluster I being the largest (88 genotypes). Hierarchical clustering identified 6 distinct clusters, with cluster-I housing the highest number of genotypes (43). Interestingly, the study revealed non-consistent connections between morphological diversity assessments and the geographical origin of genotypes. Based on genetic D2 values, genotypes in clusters VI and VII, followed by clusters VI and VIII, were found to be the most genetically distant, suggesting their potential use in hybridization programs to create diverse progenies. Selecting desirable genotypes from different clusters based on their performance could lead to the development of superior recombinants through hybridization.

Estimation of Genetic Variability Parameters and Path Analysis for Seed Yield and Its Characters in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

Thirty-four genotypes of mungbean were assessed during kharif 2022 using a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications to estimate the genetic variability parameters, characters association and path analysis for different characters. The results were revealed mean sum of squares due to genotypes showed significant differences for all the characters, suggested that the genotypes were genetically diverse. Thus, it indicates sufficient opportunity for selection for different characters in mungbean improvement. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was slightly higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters suggesting the presence of environmental influence to some extent in the expression of these characters. High heritability were observed for all the characters indicated the scope of their improvement through selection. High genetic advance as percentage of mean along with high heritability was found for plant height, number of branches, number of pods per plant, pod length, 1000 seed weight and seed yield. These characters are governed by additive gene effects and therefore, may be enhanced through direct selection. The correlation of seed yield was positive and significant at phenotypic and genotypic level with characters viz., number of branches, number of pods per plant, pod length and number of seeds per pod. At phenotypic level, highest positive direct effect on seed yield was found for number of branches, pod length, plant height, number of pods per plant and 1000 seed weight. At genotypic level, highest direct positive effect on seed yield were observed for number of branches, pod length, plant height, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and 1000 seed weight.

Enumeration of Genetic Variability Parameters and Association among Early Seedling Growth Parameters under Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) induced Osmotic Stress in rabi Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (l.) Moench)

Aims: The research aims to explore the variability within diverse rabi sorghum germplasms and identify the relationships among different early seedling growth traits. This will provide valuable insights for future breeding programs, aiding in the development of resilient sorghum varieties that can contribute to improved food security and agricultural sustainability. Study Design: The study was conducted by employing factorial complete randomized design (FCRD) with two replications. Where, two factors was considered, genotype as first factor and PEG concentration as second. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2023 at University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad, Karnataka. Methodology: A total of 156 germplasm lines of rabi sorghum were assessed in vitro for early seedling growth characteristics, including germination percentage, shoot length, root length, seedling dry weight, and seedling vigor indices I and II, under both control and osmotic stress conditions induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG). Osmotic stress was induced by dissolving PEG 6000 in distilled water to achieve the desired concentration. The germplasm lines were then subjected to germination and early growth under these conditions using the paper towel method. The genetic variability parameters for each trait were quantified to examine the degree of variability in the material used, and correlation analysis was performed to understand the relationships among the traits studied. Results: The variance analysis showed highly significant differences among genotypes, treatments, and the genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions. Genetic variability parameters revealed considerable variability across all traits studied, which tended to increase with higher stress levels. Moderate to high GCV and PCV was observed for all the traits studied. Correlation analysis demonstrated a strong, significant positive relationship among all seedling parameters, except between root length and shoot length, as well as between shoot length and germination percentage under control conditions. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the effect of osmotic stress on the early vigor and growth of sorghum seedlings. The findings reveal significant variability in seedling traits, suggesting that selection can be employed for genetic enhancement of these traits. Correlation analysis identified specific traits or combinations of traits that should be considered when selecting genotypes tolerant to osmotic stress conditions. These findings offer great potential to guide and improve selection and breeding programs focused on enhancing drought tolerant sorghum varieties.

Genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance estimates in selected groundnut genotypes (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) for agro-morphological and yield traits.

Groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), is a crucial food and oil crop in the tropics, require genetic variability assessment for efficient breeding programs using appropriate parameters like genetic coefficient of variation, heritability estimates, association among yield related traits and genetic advance. This study aims to identify genotypes with desirable traits to improve yield and adaptability, contributing to better crop improvement strategies. The study used a randomized complete block design with three replications, consisting of fourteen selected genotypes. Quantitative traits were used to estimate genetic variability parameters, heritability, and genetic advance. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p < 0.005) for all studied traits, indicating greater variability in genotypes. Characters exhibited different levels of variability, heritability, and genetic advance among the genotypes. The estimate of the broad-sense heritability ranged from 13.33% to 33.33% for canopy spread and days to maturity respectively. Low to high phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were recorded. The study found that traits such as number of branches, pods per plant, fresh and dry plant weight, kernel yield, pod yield, and shelling percentage showed high genotypic coefficient of variation, moderate broad sense heritability, and high genetic advance. These traits can be beneficial for groundnut improvement through effective phenotypic selection, resulting in high expected genetic gain. The study found that pod yield is significantly correlated with kernel yield, grain length, grain width, 100-seed weight, fresh and dry 100-pod weight, and number of pods per plant. Kernel yield is positively correlated with the number of branches per plant, pod per plant, fresh and dry 100-pod weight, 100-seed weight, grain length, and grain width. In addition, the first four principal components accounted for 90.37% of total variation in all morphological traits.

Genetic analysis of Vicia faba L.: Advancements, hereditary traits, and correlations in ‘Sakha 3’ × ‘Nubaria 3’

Genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic advance are crucial considerations in the field of plant breeding. This research aimed to evaluate these factors for traits related to yield in faba bean (Vicia faba L.), specifically focusing on the F3 and F4 generations resulting from the cross between ‘Sakha 3’ and ‘Nubaria 3’. In the initial season (2021/ 2022), 200 families from each F3 population were cultivated with specific spacing, and selection criteria included seed yield per plant (SYP) and the number of pods per plant (NPP). Top-performing plants were identified for the second cycle of pedigree selection. In the following season (2022/2023), the F4 families were arranged in a randomised complete block design. Traits like the number of branches per plant (NBP), NPP, SYP, and seed index (SI) showed substantial phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, indicating their noteworthy variation. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation analyses showed positive associations between SYP and the NBP and NPP. Additionally, path coefficient analysis indicated that these traits had high positive direct effects on SYP. This research provides valuable insights into the genetic variability, heritability, and selection parameters for yield-related traits in faba bean, offering a foundation for future breeding programs aimed at improving yield and productivity.

Selection Strategy for Yield Improvement of Chickpea Genotypes (Cicer arietinum L.)

An investigation was undertaken to assess the genetic variability parameters, correlation and path analysis in 25 chickpea genotypes for 12 quantitative traits during the Rabi season of 2022-23 in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicated high significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits. Considerable variability existed in the genotypes for all the characters studied. The study found that CG23, CG159, and CG199 were the most superior genotypes for grain yield per plant among 25 chickpea genotypes. High PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean were recorded for test weight and biological yield. Grain yield per plant showed positive significant association with number of pods, days to maturity, days to 50% pod initiation and number of primary branches. High and positive direct effect of grain yield per plant at both phenotypic and genotypic levels were depicted by harvest index. These characters may be taken into consideration for selection of quantitative characters for crop improvement.

Exploring Genetic Variability, Trait Associations and Path Coefficient Analysis in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) to Advance Breeding Strategies

The experiment was conducted at seed breeding farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India during the rabi season (November, 2019–April, 2020) to estimate the parameters of genetic variability, assess the correlation among traits, and estimate direct and indirect effects. The ANOVA revealed that the mean sum of squares due to genotypes was highly significant for all the traits. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters. High values of phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for most of the traits, while moderate values of phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation were recorded for 100 seed weight, pod length, days to 50% flowering and days to first flower opening. High heritability with high genetic advance as a % of mean was recorded for most of the traits. Moderate heritability and high genetic advance were recorded for the number of primary branches plant-1, secondary branches plant-1 and pod length, indicating the control of additive gene action. Meanwhile, high heritability with moderate genetic advance for days to maturity showed non-additive gene action. Correlation coefficients and path analysis for phenological and quantitative traits indicated that the most important traits are number of seeds plant-1, number of effective pods plant-1, biological yield plant-1 and harvest index. Hence, directional selection through these traits may effectively improve seed yield and its attributes.

D-Loop Region Variability in Ovarian Cancer Among Senegalese Patients

Our study aimed to determine the genetic variability of the D-loop region in a Senegalese population with ovarian cancer. This research involved healthy and cancerous tissue samples obtained from Senegalese women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Extraction of mtDNA from the D-loop region, followed by sequencing, yielded 49 nucleotide sequences. These sequences will be utilized to investigate several parameters of genetic variability: allelic frequencies, nucleotide frequencies, and mutation rates. Additionally, we will explore intra- and inter-individual diversity, assess genetic variability between different tissue types from distinct individuals, and illustrate both intra- and inter-individual haplotypic diversity.

Study on Genetic Variability for Forage Yield and Quality Traits in Forage Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. Moench

The initial research related to germplasm screening was carried out in the experimental area of Instructional Dairy Farm, GBPUAT Pantnagar during kharif season 2018. The experimental material for this experiment consisted of two hundreds and eighty diverse germplasm lines of sorghum along with six checks viz., SSG 59-3, Pant Chari- 5, Pant Chari- 6, CSV-21 F, CSH-22S, and CSV-24SS. The germplasm lines were evaluated in Augmented Block Design for nineteen forage yield related traits and thirteen quality traits. The statistical analysis for genetic variability was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA), heritability (h2), genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), and genetic advance (GA). The analysis of variance revealed that the genotypes and checks were showing a highly significant differences for all the traits under study indicated existence of inherent genetic differences among genotypes for different characters. Mean performance of forage yield and quality related traits exhibited a wide range of variability. GCV and PCV values were observed low for most of the characters whereas high for anthracnose, zonate leaf spot and shoot fly incidence. The value of genetic advance was observed high for leaf area, green fodder yield per plant, dry fodder yield per plant, hydrocyanic acid content, plant height, anthracnose, and shoot fly incidence were relatively more than other characters. Genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed low for days to maturity, dry matter per cent, in-vitro dry matter disappearance, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose content whereas high for leaf area, flag leaf width, panicle length, panicle width, 1000-grains weight, grain yield per plant, green fodder yield per plant, dry fodder yield per plant, total soluble solids, silica content, anthracnose, zonate leaf spot and shoot fly incidence. Heritability values were found high for all the traits under study. The genotypes bearing the desired values for different genetic variability parameters and mean performance for can be exploited in future breeding programmes for the improving forage genotypes. These genotypes can be used as donor parents in crop improvement programme for improving forage yield and quality related traits along with improved resistance against anthracnose, shooty fly and zonate leaf spot.

Genetic Variability and Heritability of Morpho-Agronomic Traits, Oil Yield and Fatty Acid Components in Linseed (<i>Linumusitatissimum</i> L.) Germplasm in Ethiopia

Comprehensive information on genetic variability and selection parameters is very crucial to design breeding strategies. However, very limited information is available in Ethiopian linseed germplasm. Therefore, the present study was conducted to estimate genetic variability, broad sense heritability and genetic advance; and determine selection for 19 quantitative traits using 126 genotypes (120 Ethiopian linseed accessions and six released varieties). The analysis of variance showed highly significant (P < 0.01) differences for all of the traits demonstrating the presence of high genetic diversity among the studied linseed genotypes. Higher differences between PCV and GCV estimates were observed for seed yield per plant and biological yield per plant, signifying the importance of environmental factors influence. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for seed yield per plant and biological yield per plant, indicating that this high heritability is due to additive gene effects and therefore, selection can be effective for the improvement of linseed for these traits. In addition, moderate heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance was recorded for oil yield per hectare, number of capsules, number of secondary branches, days to maturity, seed yield per hectare and plant height. These results indicated the existence of intermediate expression in these traits for both additive and dominance gene effect. In the present study, high heritability coupled with high GAM was observed for seed yield per plant and biological yield per plant, indicating greater contribution of additive gene action for the expression of these traits; and therefore, improvement can be achieved through selection in these traits.

Data Analytics and Research on Quantitative Analysis in College English Teaching

Comprehensive information on genetic variability and selection parameters is very crucial to design breeding strategies. However, very limited information is available in Ethiopian linseed germplasm. Therefore, the present study was conducted to estimate

Exploring Genetic Variability Parameters for Yield and Quality Traits in Urdbean Genotypes and Its Triple Test Cross F1 Hybrids

Exploring Genetic Variability Parameters for Yield and Quality Traits in Urdbean Genotypes and Its Triple Test Cross F1 Hybrids

Strategic Approaches for Genetic Enhancement of Quantitative and Physiological Traits in Advanced Breeding Lines of Chickpea

Performance on seed yield and yield attributing traits of 41 advance breeding lines were used to estimate parameters of genetic variability, association analysis and diversity analysis between seed yield and its contributing traits. Traits such as biological yield per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, stem thickness, height of first fruiting node, number of effective pods per plant, total number of pods per plant, harvest index and primary branches per plant revealed high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean. High magnitude of positive direct effect and significantly positive correlations on seed yield per plant was found with number of effective pods per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index and number of secondary branches per plant. Clustering analysis based on various morphological traits assorted 41 desi chickpea genotypes into four clusters. Traits like biological yield, plant height and 100 seed weight contributed most towards the genetic divergence. Genotypes ICCV211103, ICCV211106, ICCV211108, ICCV211111, ICCV211116, RVG 204, JG 24, JG 12, JG 16, Virat and Vishal recorded maximum positive principal component scores for the traits viz., plant height, total number of pods per plant, number of effective pods per plant, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, stem thickness, biological yield per plant, harvest index, seed yield per plant, 100 seed weight and stem height at first fruiting node, therefore these genotypes will as promising donor lines for chickpea yield improvement.

Insights into Genetic Variability Parameters and Character Association among Agro-morphological and Biochemical Traits in Little Millet (Panicum sumatrense Roth. Ex. Roem and Schultz)

A set of 64 little millet genotypes was evaluated for their genetic variability parameters, principal components, and their contribution to total variance using seven agro-morphological and four biochemical traits in alpha lattice design with two replications. The mean performance revealed the presence of substantial variability for the characters studied. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) estimated ranged from 18.28% to 43.75% and 10.06% to 42.75%, respectively. Even though PCV was found to be significantly greater than GCV for the number of tillers, a slightly higher PCV over GCV was observed for all the other traits, suggesting a limited environmental influence for the majority of the traits. High heritability was observed for all agro-morphological and biochemical traits (84.00-94.00%), except for the number of tillers (42.00%), which exhibited moderate heritability. Genetic advance as a percentage of mean (GAM) was high for most of the traits, viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, single plant yield, test weight, grain protein, iron, zinc, and calcium contents. suggesting the predominance of additive gene action and the greater possibility of genetic improvement through simple phenotypic selection. Majority of the contribution towards the total divergence by days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, single plant yield, and grain calcium content coupled with significant and positive correlations of majority of grain yield components with grain yield suggested that these traits are the key drivers of variability that could be exploited through a little millet improvement program.

Genetic Variability and Correlation Studies for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek

Background: Mungbean is one important short duration pulse mostly grown in South and Southeast Asia. The level of variability available in the germplasm influences how well a breeding programme would be productive. Understanding the nature and extent of genetic diversity in breeding material is greatly helped by estimates of genetic variability parameters and character associations. The current study aimed to study genetic variability and character associations in mungbean for yield and its attributes, pre-requisite for formulating an effective breeding programme. Methods: The present experiments were carried out with 107 mungbean genotypes collected from NBPGR (New Delhi) and AAU-Zonal research station, Shillongani. The genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design over two replications for yield and yield attributing traits at the experimental farm Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during 2020-2021. Result: The traits like yield per plant, number of branches per plant, clusters per plant, pods per plant, plant height, 100 seeds weight and peduncle length exhibited a high to medium magnitude of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV). Additionally, these traits showed high heritability and high genetic advance. The correlation studies revealed significant positive relationships between yield and all the assessed traits, with the exception of shelling percentage. The results of the path analysis indicated that a few traits, such as the number of pods per plant and the weight of 100 seeds, had a significant positive impact on seed yield. This suggests that when selecting for seed yield in mungbean, it would be advantageous to take into account these traits.

Estimates of Genetic Variability, Association Studies and Per se Performance of Tomato Genotypes for Growth and Yield Parameters Under Drought Stress Conditions

Aims: Drought tolerance is a complex phenomenon, influenced by the coordinated activity of many genes. Breeding for drought tolerance is the need for contemporary research under the present climate change scenario. Further, the estimates of variability and degree of association among the traits would facilitate the selection for yield under drought conditions as it is highly influenced by environmental factors. This study aimed for the enhancement of selection capacity for drought stress tolerance in tomato based on the measures of genetic variability parameters and extent of association among traits which in turn used to identify drought tolerant genotypes. Methodology: The experiment was conducted with 39 tomato genotypes with 2 replications under normal and drought stress condition (15 days irrigation interval) following a Randomized Block Design during summer, 2020 at Department of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi. Results: High heritability along with moderate to high GAM was recorded for all the characters under study in both control and drought stress condition, indicating predominance of additive gene action for these traits. Yield per plant had positive and strong association with plant height, stem girth, number of primary branches, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight. Further, path analysis revealed high desirable direct effect of average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant on yield per plant. Thus, there is ample of scope for improving these traits through selection. The genotypes viz., EC-634394, EC-638519 and Kashi Anupama shown superior performance for yield along with other yield attributing traits and also exhibited less percent reduction in these traits under drought condition.

Genetic Variability and Selection Parameters for Yield and Its Contributing Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell)

Ten bread wheat genotype and their all possible cross combinations excluding their reciprocals (10 parents+45 F1s+45 F2s) were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications during Rabi2022-2023 at Student’s Instructional Farm, C. S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology-208002, Kanpur, U.P to get the extent of variability and related parameters to select effectively for grain yield and quality character. It is the big challenge for researchers to get high grain yield with high protein. The data was recorded on fourteen characters viz., days to heading (50%), days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of productive tillers per plant, chlorophyll content, spike length (cm), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, weight of grain per spike (g), 1000 grain weight (g), biological yield (g), harvest index (%),protein content (%) and grain yield per plant (g). The variability among parents was highest for days to maturity it ranged from 117.33 to 137.67 with the mean value 126.60. The variation in F1 progenies was highest for plant height ranged from 85.97 to 120.53 with the mean value of 96.71.The variation in F2 progenies was highest for plant height ranged from 83.70 to 120.20 with the mean value of 94.99. The result showed higher estimated values for phenotypic coefficient of variability(PCV) of all the fourteen characters as compared to their corresponding genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV). Highest value of PCV and GCV were noted for grain yield per plantin both generation F1s and F2s except GCV were observed for none of the character F1s. high heritability estimates were recorded for all characters in both generation F1s and F2s.High genetic gain was observed for grain yield per plant followed by biological yield per plant in both generation F1s and F2s.

Genetic Attributes for Selection and Assessment of Yield Enhancement in Paddy (Oryza sativa L.)

The present investigation was conducted in the Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Kathalagere. The experiment comprised sixty-seven advanced breeding lines of paddy. The experiment was conducted in three replications with 4mx3m of plot size. The observations are recorded on days to fifty per cent flowering, Days to maturity, Plant Height(cm), Panicles per sqm, Grain yield per plot(kg) and Grain yield per hectare (Kg). The data is subjected to analysis for genetic variability and diversity parameters (Key factors of plant breeding). Higher Genetic coefficient of variability (GCV) and Phenotypic coefficient of variability (PCV) are Days to fifty per cent flowering, Days to maturity, Plant height(cm), Panicles per square meter and grain yield per plot (Kgs) should be considered at the time of selecting the genotypes/varieties/breeding lines for progressing and prospering in the yield and yield contribution towards the varietal performance. Genetic diversity studies proved that the traits viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, Days to maturity, Panicles per square meter, Plant height and Grain yield per plot are prompt traits that contributed maximum divergence to the genotypes. Some clusters are composed of superior genotypes that may contribute to the several crossing studies to improve through transgressive segregants with high genetic yield potential and early maturity.

Genetic variability parameters and character association studies among phenological traits, yield traits and quality traits under different dates of planting in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

The study was conducted during rabi 2020-2021 at RARS, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh to determine relationships among phenological traits, seed yield, yield attributes and quality traits in chickpea under different dates of planting. In the present study, in all three dates of planting, seed yield recorded highly significant and positive association with two phenological traits viz., duration of reproductive phase and duration of flowering. However, these traits were influencing seed yield via other contributing characters like days to first f lowering, duration of vegetative phase, leaf area index, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight and harvest index. Strong correlations have been established between seed size and cooking time especially in kabuli and therefore, special emphasis may be given for improving the seed size with less cooking time in extra-large seeded kabuli chickpea. Further, there is sufficient genetic variability recorded for leaf area index, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, plant height, harvest index, seed yield, 100 seed weight, hydration capacity, swelling capacity, cooking time and iron content in the genotypes and the traits exhibited high heritability and high to moderate genetic advance in all three dates of planting.

Estimation of Simple Correlation and Genetic Variability Studies in F2 Population of Three Different Crosses in Bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)

Simple correlation analysis and variability analysis was done in three crosses of bhendi viz., IC 049972 x Arka Anamika, IC 058704 × Arka Anamika, IC 045993 × Pusa - A4 at Annamalai University, Chidambaram. The correlation analysis for eight characters plant height, days to first flowering, number of branches per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit girth, fruit weight, fruit yield per plant was done. The result showed that number of branches per plant, numbers of fruits per plant, fruit weight are highly correlated with fruit yield per plant. Genetic variability parameters like GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean were estimated. In all the three crosses PCV was higher in magnitude than GCV which may be due to the effect of environment. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed in two crosses. This indicates the effect of additive gene action. From the above study it can be seen that fruit yield improvement in bhendi can be done by selection based on fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and number of branches per plant.