Parameters In Study Group Research Articles

Tricuspid valve geometry alterations in different aetiologies of functional regurgitation: 3D echocardiography study

Abstract Introduction Evaluation of tricuspid annulus (TA) has many challenges due to its complex three-dimensional shape. The 3D-echocardiography is a gold standard method for accurate assessment of tricuspid valve (TV). Studies investigating TV geometry in different aetiologies of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) are still scarce. Aim The aim was to clarify the TV geometry characteristics in different aetiologies of functional TR (FTR). Methods Prospective observational cohort study enrolled 107 patients with functional moderate or severe TR and 10 healthy controls. FTR patients were divided into two groups according to the different aetiology of FTR: 1. TR caused by dominant left-sided valvular pathology (LSVP) – 68 patients (pts); 2. TR caused by precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) (invasively measured pulmonary capillary wedge pressure <15 mmHg) – 39 pts. Pts with ischemic heart disease (assessed by coronary angiography) were excluded from the analysis. The 3D-transthoracic echocardiography was performed and included the following parameters: the systolic and diastolic 4-chambers (septal–lateral), 2-chambers (anterior–posterior), major axis TA diameters, TA area, perimeter, leaflets tenting height and volume. All parameters have been indexed to body surface area. The 3D TV analysis was made using 4D Auto TVQ quantification software package (GE Healthcare, USA). The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software. Results Study cohort included 66% females; mean age was 65±11 years. TR severity, measured quantitatively, did not differ between FTR groups (ERA – 32±18 in LSVP vs 35±18 mm2 in PH group, p=0.219). The distribution of echocardiography parameters in study groups are shown in Table 1. All the 3D TV parameters were increased in both FTR groups when compared to controls. Precapillary PH was associated with larger leaflets tenting height, volume, and more increased indices of TA systolic and diastolic septal-lateral and major axis diameters. LVSP aetiology was associated with higher TA sphericity index. Conclusions Tricuspid valvular geometry differs between different aetiologies of functional TR. The implementation of 3D echocardiography is useful in the determination of TV geometry changes and might provide valuable tools in the evaluation of patients with functional TR. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Right ventricular longitudinal strain remains unimpaired in severe primary mitral regurgitation and functional tricuspid regurgitation

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. INTRODUCTION The right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RV GLS) increasingly has been used for the prognosis of mortality in the heart failure patients. However, the relationship of RV strains to other RV functional parameters and its dependency of functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) as a result of left heart valvular disease is not well studied. PURPOSE To investigate the relationship of RV geometry, functional and strain parameters to the predominant left heart aetiology in patients with functional TR as a result of left heart valvular disease. METHODS Prospective observational cohort study enrolled patients with functional TR caused by left heart valvular disease for whom surgical valvular repairment is scheduled. Patients with ischemic heart disease (assessed by coronary angiography) were excluded from the analysis. The current study included 52 patients with full sets of preoperative echocardiographic parameters. Echocardiographic quantification included the following parameters: the RV geometry (RV diameters, RV area), functional (velocity of the tricuspid annular systolic motion (S’) and RV fractional area change (FAC)) and strain parameters (RV GLS, longitudinal RV free wall strain (RVFWS) and longitudinal strains of each segment of RV free wall). The severity of TR was measured quantitively according the recent ESC guidelines. Patients were divided into groups according to the predominant left heart valvular disease causing moderate or severe functional TR: 1. TR caused by primary severe mitral regurgitation (MR) due to mitral valve (MV) prolapse and MV chordae rupture; 2. TR caused by other left heart valvular pathologies (severe aortic stenosis [16 pts.], severe rheumatic aortic and MV disease [11 pts], severe aortic regurgitation [3 pts]). The statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software. RESULTS In 52 patients of current analysis 64% were female, mean age was 67 ± 9. The distribution of echocardiography parameters in study groups are shown in Table 1. The RV geometry parameters and parameter of TR severity (effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) did not differ significantly between these two groups. The RV longitudinal function (S’) and RV strain parameters (RV GLS and longitudinal RVFWS) were better in severe MR group. CONCLUSIONS Although the right ventricular geometry and severity of functional tricuspid regurgitation does not depend on different predominant left heart valvular disease causing significant functional tricuspid regurgitation, the right ventricular longitudinal function and longitudinal right ventricular free wall strain are less affected and remains unimpaired in patients with functional tricuspid regurgitation caused by severe primary mitral regurgitation. Abstract Figure.

AMPD1 C34T Polymorphism (rs17602729) Is Not Associated with Post-Exercise Changes of Body Weight, Body Composition, and Biochemical Parameters in Caucasian Females.

Background: The C34T polymorphism (rs 17602729) in adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 gene (AMPD1) is associated with muscular energy metabolism in exercise. However, the role of its potential modifying impact on exercise-induced changes in obesity related parameters is unknown. The aim of the study was to determine if the C34T polymorphism influences the effects of an exercise training. Methods: This study examines a group of one hundred and sixty-eight, young, non-obese Caucasian women in Poland who took part in a 12-week aerobic training program to determine the impact of allele and genotype distribution on training outcomes. Results: A two-way analysis of variance ANOVA was conducted assuming a dominant model by pooling rare homozygotes and heterozygotes (TT + CT, n = 79) and comparing against common homozygotes (CC, n = 89). Our results showed that the AMPD1 C34T polymorphism was not related with selected parameters in study group. After completing the 12-week training program, a wide array of parameters (body mass, body mass index, fat mass, free fat mass, total body water) were significantly changed in the study participants with the exception of AMPD1 genotypes, among whom no significant changes were observed. Conclusions: The results did not confirm that harboring the rs 17602729 T allele influences the effects of the training program.

Comparison of Clinical Efficacy of Ticagrelor and Clopidogrel for Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease with Myocardial Ischemia

Objective: To compare clinical efficacy of ticagrelor and clopidogrel for treatment of coronary heart disease with myocardial ischemia to provide references for later phase of clinical treatment. Methods: Ninety-six coronary heart disease patients with myocardial ischemia admitted to our hospital from July 20 to July 2019 were recruited as subjects. They were randomly divided into study group and control group according to parity of case number, with 48 patients in each group. Control group was given treatment with clopidogrel, while patients in study group were given treatment with ticagrelor. Clinical efficacy was compared between the both groups. Results: Comparison showed that total effective rate of clinical treatment was higher in study group when compared to control group (P<0.05). Frequency of ST segment depression, duration of ST segment depression, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and other clinical indicators in study group were superior to control group (P<0.05). Whole blood viscosity at low shear rate, whole blood viscosity at high shear rate, plasma viscosity shear rate, total cholesterol, triglyceride and other haemorheological parameters in study group were superior to control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Application of ticagrelor has higher clinical efficacy than clopidogreal for coronary heart disease patients with myocardial ischemia. Clinical indicators and haemorheological parameters of myocardial ischemia patients were significantly improved. It should be promoted for application.

Alterations of the hematologic cells in synthetic cannabinoid users.

Functions, morphology, distributions, and index of the circulating cells are the most useful parameters that indicate various inflammatory and toxic conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of these parameters in patients diagnosed with (synthetic) cannabis use disorder. This study included a total of 40 patients in the study group (SG) with synthetic cannabis use; and 40 healthy individuals as the control group (CG). Participants, who had hematological disorders and other chronic diseases, were excluded from the study. All hematological parameters of SG were compared with CG. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values were calculated and compared between groups. There were statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of WBC, MCH, RDW, MCV, MPV, and NEU, LYM%, MONO% parameters (P<.05). MPW and LYM% were significantly lower in SG compared to CG. WBC, MCH, RDW, MCV, MPV, MONO, and NEU parameters were significantly higher in SG compared to CG (P<.05). UIBC and TIBC levels were significantly higher in SG compared to CG (P<.001). Although there was statistically significant difference between groups in terms of NLR, there was no significant difference for PLR values. Our data suggested that chronic use of cannabinoids can lead to deterioration of hematopoietic cells. Chronic use of cannabinoids was consistent with subthreshold/subclinical megaloblastic anemia with iron deficiency. Inflammatory cells, especially neutrophil and monocyte counts were higher in SG compared to CG. Thus, recovery of subclinical hematological parameters should be considered in cannabis use disorder patients.

Effect of exposure of cotton dust on pulmonary function tests in female workers of spinning mill at Malegaon, Maharashtra

Background: Textile industry is the only industry to have employed women workers since long time. There are many respiratory problems develop in the women workers. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of exposure of cotton dust on the pulmonary function in the spinning mill female workers. Method: We enrolled 35 female (age=18 to 50 years) workers in study group who were regularly working in spinning mill and duration of exposure to cotton dust was noted. Inclusion criteria were clinically healthy, non-smokers, without chronic respiratory disease, systemic illness. Tobacco users were excluded. Control group consist 35 female (age=18 to 50 years) who were never in exposure of cotton wool. This study was conducted after obtaining ethical clearance and consent. MEDSPIROR-COMPUTERISED SPIROMETER was used to find out pulmonary function tests which were FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEFR, which helped in evaluating pulmonary functions. Statistical Analysis: Unpaired students ‘t’ test was applied to compare the PFT parameters in study group and control group . The data was expressed as mean + standard deviation. Results: Greater declines were seen in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in first second. This reduction was significant in FEV1/FVC which is indicator of early obstructive pattern in the exposed group. As duration of exposure increases FVC reduces and showed restrictive pattern. Conclusion: According to our study, cotton textile workers developed respiratory problems which reflects as reduces pulmonary function.

Antinephrotoxic efficacy of Operculina turpethum and its isolated Stigma-5,22dien-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside against N-Nitrosodimethylamine induced renal carcinogenesis in male mice

Objectives: Human exposure to nitrosamines can result from the formation of N ? nitroso compounds either in food during storage or preparation or in vivo , usually in the stomach. N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is one of the main N-nitroso compounds which is commonly found in drinking water and is a potent carcinogen. The therapeutic effect of ethanolic root extract of Operculina turpethum was studied for its possible anti-cancerous potential induced by N- Nitrosodimethylamine in male albino mice as the in vivo model for the study. Methods: Renal malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione content (GSH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), protein, cholesterol, urea and creatinine content were measured as oxidant/antioxidant markers. Electron Microscopy investigations of the renal tissue were also performed. One-way ANOVA test was used for comparisons of parameters in study groups. Results: Renal antioxidant defense systems, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities and reduced glutathione level, depleted by NDMA were restored to normal by the treatment. Oral administration of Operculina turpethum ethanolic extract, both crude and isolated groups recovered the enzyme activities and caused significant increase in serum protein, the treatment significantly reduced the elevated serum creatinine and urea levels (p>0.05), (p<0.01), (p<0.001). The ultrastructural electron microscopical analysis showed a decrease in cellular degradation comparing to the intoxicated mice. Conclusion: These findings prove the potential of Operculina turpethum as an antioxidant therapy to counteract mitochondrial and post-mitochondrial oxidative stress generated in kidney upon NDMA treatment thereby acting against renal toxicity by a carcinogen.

Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Physiological Risk Parameters of Patient with Coronary Heart Disease.

Abstract: Coronary heart disease (CHD) has been the most common cause of death for both women and men. CHD is a chronic condition needing long-term rehabilitation measures to decrease mortality, morbidity and improve quality of life. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a long- term multifactor rehabilitation program aimed at the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Therefore, the aim of the study was examine the effect of cardiac rehabilitation program on cardiac physiological risk parameters of patients with coronary heart disease. Methods Quasi-experimental research design was conducted in the inpatient & outpatient for follow up unit in cardiology department of the Specialized Medical Hospital at Mansoura University Hospital. Convinces sample of this study composed of 74 adult patients of both sexes who corresponded to inclusion criteria and divided alternatively into two equal groups study and experimental. Results the result indicates significant improvement in physiological risk parameters in study group after rehabilitation sessions. Conclusion positive effect of cardiac rehabilitation program on improvement of cardiac physiological risk parameters of CHD patients.

Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Physiological Risk Parameters of Patient with Coronary Heart Disease.

Abstract: Coronary heart disease (CHD) has been the most common cause of death for both women and men. CHD is a chronic condition needing long-term rehabilitation measures to decrease mortality, morbidity and improve quality of life. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a long- term multifactor rehabilitation program aimed at the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Therefore, the aim of the study was examine the effect of cardiac rehabilitation program on cardiac physiological risk parameters of patients with coronary heart disease. Methods Quasi-experimental research design was conducted in the inpatient & outpatient for follow up unit in cardiology department of the Specialized Medical Hospital at Mansoura University Hospital. Convinces sample of this study composed of 74 adult patients of both sexes who corresponded to inclusion criteria and divided alternatively into two equal groups study and experimental. Results the result indicates significant improvement in physiological risk parameters in study group after rehabilitation sessions. Conclusion positive effect of cardiac rehabilitation program on improvement of cardiac physiological risk parameters of CHD patients.

Anticancer Effect of dl-Glyceraldehyde and 2-Deoxyglucose in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Bearing Mice and Their Effect on Liver, Kidney and Haematological Parameters.

Cancer cells generally exhibit increased glycolysis for ATP generation (the Warburg effect). Compounds that inhibit glycolysis have potential applications in cancer treatment. dl-glyceraldehyde (DLG) and 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG) have been proven effective in the inhibition of glucose metabolism. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells were injected intraperitoneally (i.p) in 10-12weeks old Swiss albino mice, weighing between 20 and 30g. The anticancer activity of DLG and 2-DG were determined by tumor volume, tumor weight, viable and nonviable tumor cell count, average survival time, percentage increase in life span and tumor inhibition ratio. The blood samples were obtained for biochemical analysis after 9days of treatment to study the effect on liver, kidney and haematological parameters. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was also performed. One-way ANOVA test and Dunnett's test were used for comparisons of parameters in study groups. Both DLG and 2-DG individually decreased the tumor weight, tumor volume, viable tumor cell count and significantly increased the life span of treated mice, however the combination was found to be better. The biochemical parameters of liver and kidney functions and haematological parameters were restored close to control group as compared with the EAC bearing mice. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney in EAC control group showed large areas of necrosis, congestion and mononuclear cell infiltration but such changes were not observed in liver and kidney sections observed after i.p injection of DLG and 2-DG for 9days. Improvement was much better in the group where combination of these two drugs were used.

Analysis of the Qualitative and Quantitative Dermatoglyphic Traits in Schizophrenia Patients

In a psychiatric diagnosis, Schizophrenia [schizein (“to split”) and phren-(“mind”)] is a mental illness. The neurodevelopment theory of the etiology of schizophrenia, suggest either genetically or epigenetically controlled faulty embryonic development of structures of ectoderm origin like brain and skin. This may disturb neurodevelopment that in turn may cause these subjects to be at increased risk for the development of schizophrenia and related disorders. Dermatoglyphics is used as a diagnostic aid in a number of diseases that have a strong hereditary basis. In the present work, we studied the frequencies of various types of skin ridges found on the digits, palms in schizophrenic patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of dermatoglyphic patterns with different blood groups and also to evaluate the role of dermatoglyphics in early detection of prone individuals and genetic predisposition of disease. Studies were conducted in 100 patients of schizophrenia and various dermatoglyphics parameters such as finger print pattern and exits of main lines were calculated. These parameters of study group were compared to controls. Qualitative analysis has shown statistically significant difference among two groups. It was observed that in blood group A the Arche pattern in both hands were pre-dominant when compared those of controls and the difference was highly significant (P< 0.05) while loop ulnar pattern was highly significant (P<0.001). Loop ulnar pattern was highly significant (P<0.001) in left hand of blood group AB. The main line index in the study group when compared to controls observed the difference.

Positive Correlation of CRP and Fibrinogen Levels as Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Early Stage of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

We aimed to study the relationship between the C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and fibrinogen as cardiovascular risk factors in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, in the early stage of their therapy. The study included 21 CAPD patients as the study group (SG) and age- and sex-matched 21 healthy patients as the control group (CG). History and physical exam data were obtained for all cases, and demographic baseline characteristics were taken. Twelve-hour fasting serum levels of glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, hemoglobin, CRP, and fibrinogen were obtained.There was no statistically significant difference between the SG and CG in baseline characteristics, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and family history of cardiovascular disease. However, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) were significantly more common among the study group. The average total protein, albumin, and hemoglobin levels were significantly lower, and the CRP and fibrinogen levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the SG. A positive correlation was seen (r = 0.443, p < 0.05) among CRP and fibrinogen levels in SG. There was no correlation among the other parameters in SG. For CG, there was no correlation seen for any studied parameters. When patients with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD) were compared, no correlation was seen between CRP and other parameters. A positive correlation of CRP and fibrinogen levels as cardiovascular risk factors was shown in early stage of CAPD patients. The CAPD patients with elevated levels of CRP and fibrinogen should receive close follow-up for cardiovascular disease prevention.