Presence Of Parameters Research Articles

Observer Design for Fractional-Order Polynomial Fuzzy Systems Depending on a Parameter

For fractional-order systems, observer design is remarkable for the estimation of unavailable states from measurable outputs. In addition, the nonlinear dynamics and the presence of parameters that can vary over different operating conditions or time, such as load or temperature, increase the complexity of the observer design. In view of the aforementioned factors, this paper investigates the observer design problem for a class of Fractional-Order Polynomial Fuzzy Systems (FORPSs) depending on a parameter. The Caputo–Hadamard derivative is considered in this study. First, we prove the practical Mittag-Leffler stability, using the Lyapunov methods, for the general case of Caputo–Hadamard Fractional-Order Systems (CHFOSs) depending on a parameter. Secondly, based on this stability theory, we design an observer for the considered class of FORPSs. The state estimation error is ensured to be practically generalized Mittag-Leffler stable by solving Sum Of Squares (SOSs) conditions using the developed SOSTOOLS.

Retraction Note to: Measurement of the Shafranov Parameter in Presence of the Toroidal Field Ripple in IR-T1 Tokamak

Retraction Note to: Measurement of the Shafranov Parameter in Presence of the Toroidal Field Ripple in IR-T1 Tokamak

The Optimization of the STOI Algorithm Parameters in Presence of the White Gaussian Noise (WGN)

The first part of the paper describes the Short Time Objective Intelligibility - STOI algorithm, which makes an objective evaluation of intelligibility, as well as an algorithm for estimating the optimal parameters of the STOI algorithm, N and . Second part of the paper, described an experiment that examines the intelligibility of the sentences formed from the Serbian Matrix Sentence Test - SMST base using: a). subjective MOS (Mean Opinion Score) test and b). objective test STOI algorithm. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of the results were made and it was determinate an analytical formula which connecting optimal pairs (N, ). Using the results of the MOS test as a reference, a mean absolute error of estimation of the STOI algorithm was determined.

Mechanistic approach on comparative biosorption of dyes by extracellular polymer of Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium C1 utilizing waste mineral lubricating oil

Dyes are widely used in manufacturing of various consumer products for their ability to impart characteristic color. However, dyes are also one of the most important hazardous pollutants in this present day. Presence of hydroxyl, phosphate, ether, carbonyl and alkyl groups also enable bacterial extracellular polymers to function as biosorbent. In this study, negatively charged biosorbent EP-C1 produced by Gram-negative bacterium Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium C1 utilizing waste mineral lubricating oil has given different decolorization percentages for triphenylmethane cationic Malachite Green and azoic anionic Congo Red at neutral pH. Time wise absorbances from Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry has estimated maximum biosorption of Malachite Green after 300 min. Biosorption capacities have differed with initial dye concentrations, biosorbent dosages and contact time. Time taken by each dye to reach saturation has depended upon their charged bearing groups of each dye and biosorbent. Kinetic (pseudo first and pseudo second order) and diffusion (intra particle and liquid film) parameters in presence of different dye concentrations and biosorbent dosages were studied for understanding the biosorption mechanism. Morphological differences in chemical structure, chemical functional groups of EP-C1 and EP-C1 loaded dye was studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Zeta potential measurements. A compiled overview on comparative mechanistic biosorption of Malachite Green and Congo Red dyes by a bacterial extracellular polymer in miniature laboratory shake flask experiments was done in this study. Newer advents on biological remediation of dyes with mineral lubricating oil as sole carbon source can add a new feather to the already available bioremediation techniques in mitigation of hazardous wastes.

Robust and scalable distributed recursive least squares

We consider a problem of robust estimation over a network in an errors-in-variables context. Each agent measures noisy samples of a local pair of signals related by a linear regression defined by a common unknown parameter, and the agents must cooperate to find the unknown parameter in presence of uncertainty affecting both the regressor and the regressand variables. We propose a recursive least squares estimation method providing global exponential convergence to the unknown parameter in absence of uncertainty, and robust stability of the estimate, formalized in terms of input-to-state stability, in presence of uncertainty affecting all the variables. The result relies on a cooperative excitation assumption that is proved to be strictly weaker than persistency of excitation of each local data set. The proposed estimator is validated on an adaptive road pricing application.

Rich dynamics of a delay-induced stage-structure prey–predator model with cooperative behaviour in both species and the impact of prey refuge

The prey–predator interaction between organisms living in an ecosystem is greatly affected by the cooperation among the species as well as immature prey refuge in presence of time delay. This study has developed and analysed a stage-structured prey–predator model that includes refuge behaviour for prey and two types of cooperative behaviours, namely cooperative behaviour among prey as well as cooperative behaviour among predators, in addition to gestational delay. The presence of Saddle–node, Transcritical, and Hopf-bifurcations is explained by analytically and numerically. We examine the model parameter’s sensitivity to determine the species’ favourable and unfavourable impacts and to identify the most significant parameters. The dynamics of delay and non-delay systems are compared, and we recognise that a consistent increase in time delay causes chaotic oscillations with period-doubling fluctuations which can be regulated by the refuge for immature prey. However, we demonstrate that the immature prey refuge destabilises the system in absence of time delay while it acts as a control parameter in presence of delay. Finally, we wrap up the paper by highlighting the key biological implications of the numerical and analytical findings.

Response of mineral market to renewable energy production in the USA: Where lies the sustainable energy future

The policy dilemma regarding climate action and the rising demand of renewable energy has created opportunities for a new market of critical minerals in the USA. Nevertheless, creation of this market is susceptible to structural uncertainties within the economy. Analysis of these impacts is necessary for the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 objectives, which has been a pressing policy concern in the USA. The present study addresses this policy objective by analyzing the impact of renewable energy generation on the returns on mineral market in the USA over January 1990 to July 2022. The Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (m-QQR) method is introduced in this study to analyze the tail-dependence of the model parameters in presence of uncertainties. The findings of the study have been utilized to develop a policy framework by internalizing the externalities exerted by the uncertainties, and thereby paving a way for developing a new market for the minerals. Contributions of the present study are (a) adopting the New Market Creation approach for critical minerals, and (b) introducing m-QQR method in the literature.

“Critical” values of parameters of facial profile esthetics

Objective. To carry out the expert assessment of the facial profile esthetics with transformation of angular parameters beyond the normal values. Materials and methods. The expert analysis enclosed 22 independent orthodontists (11 men, mean age 36.8 1.2 years; 11 women, mean age 35.3 2.2 years) using graphic schemes of male and female facial profiles with changed angular parameters. Results. It was established that the changed angular parameters of the facial profile beyond the borders of the referent intervals negatively influence the assessment of attractiveness of the profile. The analysis of expert evaluation curves detected the values, with which the facial profile is perceived as an unattractive: the profile angle in men 164 and 182, in women 160 and 178; the convexity angle of the face in men 16 and 2, in women 14 and 2; the nasolabial angle in men 120 and 70, in women 115 and 70; the mentolabial angle in men 150 and 90, in women 150 and 95; the convexity angle of the lips in men 150 and 85, in women 150 and 105; the nasofacial angle for both sexes 45 and 20. There exist also critical values of parameters, on reaching which the further change in the latter does not lead to the change in expert evaluation of extremely unattractive profile. Conclusions. When evaluating the facial profile esthetics, it is necessary to orientate oneself to the degree of deviation of parameters from the mean values taking into account the gender dimorphism. The presence of parameter with critical value has an extremely negative effect on the profile esthetics, which is characterized as extremely unattractive irrespective of the values of other parameters.

Robust estimators of two dimensional sinusoidal model parameters

In this paper we consider the two dimensional (2-D) sinusoidal model. This particular model has several applications in the statistical signal processing and in texture analysis. Extensive work has been done in developing several efficient procedures and establishing their properties. The least squares estimators (LSEs) are known to be the most efficient estimators in presence of additive noise. But it is observed that the LSEs are quite sensitive in presence of outliers. In this paper we propose to use the weighted least squares estimators (WLSEs) of the unknown parameters in presence of additive white noise. It is observed that in presence of outliers, the WLSEs are more robust than the least squares estimators (LSEs) and they behave very similarly to some of the other well known robust estimators, for example the least absolute deviation estimators (LADEs). It is observed that developing the properties of the LADEs is not immediate. We derive the consistency and asymptotic normality properties of the WLSEs. Extensive simulations have been performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. One synthetic data set has been analyzed to illustrate how the proposed method can be used in practice.

BeachLog: A multiple uses and interactive beach picture

There are some tools in place that classifies and/or rank beaches according to a series of parameters. It is possible to identify a gap in the development of tools that map and describe beaches without putting the results into a classification status of good or bad. Since beaches are important from different points of views such as ecology, tourism, economy, pollution or invasive species studies and management, fisheries, estate development, protected areas, among others it is relevant to describe and understand parameters in detail. This work offers a multi-purpose and interactive beach descriptor called BeachLog. It can be used by beachgoers to keep their own records in the same way a diver uses a Diver's LogBook, managers can use the tool to support coastal management projects, long-term monitoring, and beach description baseline. Also, BeachLog can be a didactic tool to aiming to bring environmental sciences closer to technology through the use of spreadsheets and dashboards. BeachLog is based on the more frequent parameters in the literature, selected, organized, accounted for, and altered/added according to expert opinion. We created a list of 28 parameters, all of which were described in details of what is expected to be observed by the user. They were divided into 5 groups (Environmental characteristics, Services & Infrastructure, Information & Security, Planning & Management, and Descriptive). Here, we describe 14 Brazilian beaches using the BeachLog by inputting the results as parameters presence or absence (0/1) and descriptives in a table that can be transformed into an interactive dashboard for better/easier visualization. Planning & Management was absent on all 14 beaches studied, pointing out the relevance and gaps in this group. In the other groups it was possible to observe variation in the parameter occurrence, indicating that each beach is different and it is important to observe parameters individually. Beach Litter and Invasive Species parameters from the Environmental characteristics group were present in all beaches. BeachLog showed as an easy way to describe a beach and can be a tool to support diagnosis and understanding of the beach's status.

SINDROM PROFESIONALNOG SAGOREVANJA KOD SOCIJALNIH RADNIKA I ZNAČAJ MENTALNOG ZDRAVLJA POMAGAČA

This paper deals with the problem of professional burnout syndrome among social workers, the factors that contribute to the occurrence of this phenomenon and the importance of prevention and care for the mental health of professional helpers. In addition to the theoretical analysis of this phenomena and risk factors associated with the nature of the social worker’s professional role, the paper also presents the results of research on the existence of professional burnout syndrome among social workers on the territory of Serbia. The presence of parameters that indicate the occurrence of burnout syndrome among professional workers within the social protection system was established. Elevated levels of stress, tension and emotional exhaustion were noted, as well as the presence of apathy, lack of connection with clients and reduced self-care. Competencies for working with clients and self-image remained preserved. Finally, the paper presents possible ways to prevent the occurrence of burnout syndrome.

MiRNA deregulation and relationship with metabolic parameters after Mediterranean dietary intervention in BRCA-mutated women.

Breast cancer onset is determined by a genetics-environment interaction. BRCA1/2 gene alterations are often genetically shared in familial context, but also food intake and hormonal assessment seem to influence the lifetime risk of developing this neoplasia. We previously showed the relationship between a six-months Mediterranean dietary intervention and insulin, glucose and estradiol levels in BRCA1/2 carrier subjects. The aim of the present study was to evidence the eventual influence of this dietary intervention on the relationship between circulating miRNA expression and metabolic parameters in presence of BRCA1/2 loss of function variants. Plasma samples of BRCA-women have been collected at the baseline and at the end of the dietary intervention. Moreover, subjects have been randomized in two groups: dietary intervention and placebo. miRNA profiling and subsequent ddPCR validation have been performed in all the subjects at both time points. ddPCR analysis confirmed that five (miR-185-5p, miR-498, miR-3910, miR-4423 and miR-4445) of seven miRNAs, deregulated in the training cohort, were significantly up-regulated in subjects after dietary intervention compared with the baseline measurement. Interestingly, when we focused on variation of miRNA levels in the two timepoints, it could be observed that miR-4423, miR-4445 and miR-3910 expressions are positively correlated with variation in vitaminD level; whilst miR-185-5p difference in expression is related to HDL cholesterol variation. We highlighted the synergistic effect of a healthy lifestyle and epigenetic regulation in BC through the modulation of specific miRNAs. Different miRNAs have been reported involved in the tumor onset acting as tumor suppressors by targeting tumor-associated genes that are often downregulated.

Analysis of self-realization in the context of the system model: determinants and consequences*

The article presents data from a theoretical and empirical analysis of the parameters that are significant for the full development of the problem of self-realization: self-attitude (“self-compassion”), coping behavior, resilience, vitality. The results of the factor analysis of the self-realization questionnaire are presented, which make it possible to identify the three main components of the concept under study, and the self-realization analysis scheme is also indicated, including the determinants and consequences/results of the process.Based on a theoretical analysis, the author concludes that there are disparate points of view on the structure of self-realization and the presence of parameters that are not included in complex models, but have convincingly proven connections with the phenomenon under study. The author has introduced some parameters into the structure of the self-realization construct, which were previously expressed by other researchers, and also presents a statistical justification for this inclusion.

On the convergence of difference schemes of high accuracy for the equation of ion-acoustic waves in a magnetized plasma

Multiparametric difference schemes of the finite element method of a high order of accuracy for the Sobolevtype equation of the fourth-order in time are studied. In particular, the first boundary value problem for the equation of ion-acoustic waves in a magnetized plasma is considered. A high-order accuracy of the scheme is achieved due to the special discretization of time and space variables. The presence of parameters in the scheme makes it possible to regularize the accuracy of the schemes and optimize the implementation algorithm. An a priori estimate in a weak norm is obtained by the method of energy inequality. Based on this estimate and the Bramble-Hilbert lemma, the convergence of the constructed algorithms in classes of generalized solutions is proved. An algorithm for implementing the difference scheme is proposed.

Targeted maximum likelihood estimation for causal inference in survival and competing risks analysis.

Targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) provides a general methodology for estimation of causal parameters in presence of high-dimensional nuisance parameters. Generally, TMLE consists of a two-step procedure that combines data-adaptive nuisance parameter estimation with semiparametric efficiency and rigorous statistical inference obtained via a targeted update step. In this paper, we demonstrate the practical applicability of TMLE based causal inference in survival and competing risks settings where event times are not confined to take place on a discrete and finite grid. We focus on estimation of causal effects of time-fixed treatment decisions on survival and absolute risk probabilities, considering different univariate and multidimensional parameters. Besides providing a general guidance to using TMLE for survival and competing risks analysis, we further describe how the previous work can be extended with the use of loss-based cross-validated estimation, also known as super learning, of the conditional hazards. We illustrate the usage of the considered methods using publicly available data from a trial on adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer. R software code to implement all considered algorithms and to reproduce all analyses is available in an accompanying online appendix on Github.

Modes selection based on holographic interferometry in presence of intense internal waves in shallow water

A holographic method is proposed for sound field modes selection and estimating their parameters (amplitude, horizontal wavenumber, group velocity, absorption coefficient) in shallow water by single scalar receiver in presence of intense internal waves (IIW). It is taken into account that IIW leads to horizontal refraction and modes coupling. The offered holographic method is based on the two-dimensional Fourier transform (2D-FT) of the real part of the moving-source sound field in time–frequency domain. It is shown in the paper that different sound field modes create different focal spots in the hologram domain in presence of IIW. The relationship of the mode phases and group velocities with the coordinates of focal-spot peaks is derived. The hologram domain allows to reconstruct the selected mode field and mode parameters in presence of IIW. The results of modes selection within framework of the numerical experiments are presented in the paper. The modal parameters are estimated. Analysis of influence of IIW on mode selection and mode parameters estimations is performed. It is shown that the effects of horizontal refraction and modes coupling do not lead to loss of the identity of mode parameters of the received signal. [This study was supported by Russian Science Foundation grant no. 22-79-10233. E.S. Kaznacheeva’s numerical experiment was supported grant no. МК-6144.2021.4]

An accurate but simple method for estimation of the influence of kerr nonlinearity on the far field pattern of LP11 mode in dispersion-shifted and dispersion-flattened fibers

Abstract In this paper, we have presented the far field pattern in presence and absence of Kerr type nonlinearity for the first higher order mode in Dispersion shifted and dispersion flattened type optical fibers. Our analytical results are based on simple power series expressions for the first higher order (LP11) mode of aforesaid fibers, which have been formulated by Chebyshev formalism. Using the analytical expressions for the linear case, method of iteration is applied in order to predict the concerned propagation parameters in presence of Kerr type nonlinearity. We have taken some typical trapezoidal index, step W and Parabolic W fibers for our study. Our results for the far field pattern have been shown to be in excellent agreement with the exact numerical results computed by rigorous finite element technique. The simplicity and accuracy of our formalism will prove helpful to the designers for setting up of efficient low dispersion optical link.

Effect of Kerr nonlinearity on signal and pump intensities in EDFA comprising single-mode step index fiber: Estimation by a simple but accurate mathematical formalism

The paper presents simple but accurate analytical expressions for the estimation of variation of signal and pump intensity with normalised radial distance in case of erbium doped fiber amplifier. Choosing two typical single-mode step index fibers in our investigation, we hereby predict the said variations relating to both pump and signal in presence as well as absence of Kerr nonlinearity. The stated formulation uses power series expression for the fundamental modal field of graded index optical fiber as derived by Chebyshev formalism. Method of iteration is applied for the prediction of concerned parameters in presence of Kerr type nonlinearity. Our results have been shown to be agreeing excellently with the numerical exact ones in absence and also in presence of Kerr nonlinearity. Exact results in case of Kerr nonlinearity are determined using the cumbersome finite element method. It is noteworthy that execution of our proposed method requires very less computation and as such it will be remarkably user friendly for researchers and technologists associated with nonlinear optical engineering.

Effect of Ovarian Status on Reproductive Performance in Dairy Heifers Inseminated with Sexed Semen

Background: The intensive reproductive management in the dairy farms requires inclusion of a large group of replacement heifers in the breeding program for a shorter period. In this aspect, a creation of effective estrus synchronization protocols with timed artificial insemination (TAI) by sexed semen and optimization of the current ones have a crucial role for obtaining high pregnancy rate. These protocols are beneficial, because they led to reduced interval to first AI, lack of need for estrus detection, and allow obtaining a large group of female calves for on time. Because of limited fertilizing potential of sexed spermatozoa this type of semen is applied mainly for heifers, as fertility is higher compared to lactating cows. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of ovarian status on the reproductive performance in dairy heifers subjected to estrus synchronization and timed artificial insemination with sexed semen. Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-eight Holstein healthy heifers separated in 2 groups were subjected to PGF2α-GnRH pre-treatment and Ovsynch or PRID-5-day estrus synchronization protocol and timed artificial insemination (TAI) with sex-sorted semen, staring 6 days after end of the hormonal pre-treatment. The ovarian status (presence of follicles with or not a corpus luteum) of the heifers at the begin of the treatment, on day of TAI and pregnancy rate in different groups were determined and compared. Additionally, the ovarian status at the begin of the treatment, ovarian status and size of preovulatory follicle (PF) on day of TAI and total values for both groups according to reproductive performance (pregnant or non-pregnant) were also analyzed. On day of TAI the animals with PF and a lack of corpus luteum (CL) in both groups were more that those with PF and CL (39.3% and 30% vs. 60.7 % and 70%), with significant (P < 0.05) difference in PRID-5-day group. The pregnancy rate tended to be higher in PRID-5 day than Ovsynch treatment (65% vs. 35.7%). A higher percentage (100% and 67.9%) of the pregnant animals in both treatments had not CL on day of TAI, and the size of the PF (1.58 ± 0.12 cm and 1.64 ± 0.13 cm) was increased (P < 0.05). Similar effects of the ovarian status on reproductive performance were obtained after a comparison of the total values between pregnant and non-pregnant animals. The percentage of heifers with observed PF without CL on day of TAI was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in pregnant compared to non-pregnant group (91.3% vs. 40%). The opposite dependence was determined for the parameter presence of follicles and corpus luteum (8.7% vs. 60%; P < 0.05). Furthermore, the size of the PF measured immediately before TAI was increased in animals became pregnant (1.60 ± 0.12 cm vs. 1.34 ± 0.17 cm; P < 0.05). Discussion: The analysis of the obtained results showed that the ovarian status on day of TAI affects the reproductive performance in dairy heifers subjected to estrus synchronization and timed artificial insemination with sexed semen. Hormonal pre-treatment with onset of PRID-5-day protocol 6 days later and TAI with sex-sorted semen ensure acceptable pregnancy rate. The greater preovulatory follicle and a lack of corpus luteum before insemination provide significantly (P < 0.05) more pregnant animals, compared to the cases when CL is presented. Ultrasound determination of the ovarian function before insemination can be used in selection of heifers for TAI with sex-sorted semen. Keywords: heifers; estrus synchronization; sexed semen, pregnancy.

Water quality analysis of pucang river, sidoarjo regency to control water pollution

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze water quality and control water pollution in the Pucang River in Sidoarjo Regency. The method was used to identify water quality of the 11 parameters and compared them the Government Regulation number 22 of 2021 about water quality standards in Indonesia. Secondary data from 2018 to 2020 were used in this study. Determination of water quality status using the pollution indices method attached in Decree of the State Minister of the Environment number 115 of 2003. Analysis of water pollution control strategies using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats approach. The condition of the water quality of the Pucang River in 2018–2020, based on the water pollution parameter test, experienced a decrease in the rate indicated by the presence of parameters that exceeded the quality standard. Determination of the quality status of water quality in 2018–2020, there was an increase in water quality marked by the rise in the pollution indices value where the water quality was moderately polluted heavily polluted. The conclusion is that the water quality of the Pucang River in 2018–2020 has decreased from the moderately polluted category to the heavily polluted, and the condition of river water cannot be used for its designation.