Evaluation Of Parameters Research Articles

Assessing static balance control improvement following cataract surgery using a smartphone.

Cataract remains a prevalent cause of visual impairment among the elderly, significantly increasing the risk of falls due to compromised visual function. Cataract removal surgery has been established as a means to enhance visual acuity and balance control. The advent of novel technologies, such as accelerometers integrated into smartphones, provides an opportunity to assess static balance control. We compared static balance measurements obtained from accelerometer built-in smartphones before and after cataract removal surgery. Our sample comprised 29 individuals diagnosed with bilateral cataracts scheduled for cataract removal surgery. We evaluated participants' visual acuity and recorded their body oscillations using the smartphone's embedded accelerometer during static balance maintenance, both with eyes open and closed, before and after surgery. We compared quantitative parameters of static balance evaluation at both time points. A significant improvement in visual acuity following cataract removal surgery was observed. Moreover, under open-eye conditions, all quantitative parameters of static balance evaluation exhibited significant improvement, with only one parameter showing improvement under closed-eye conditions. Inertial sensors integrated into smartphones serve as practical tools for monitoring changes in static balance control resulting from cataracts, as well as for evaluating balance recovery after lens extraction surgery.

Designing, Optimising, and Assessing a Novel Emulgel Containing Minoxidil for Controlled Drug Release, Incorporating Marine-based Polymers.

This study aimed to develop an emulgel containing minoxidil as a drug for hair growth promotion in diseases, such as androgenetic alopecia, using gelling agents, such as chitosan and fucoidan. In this study, gelling agents were selected for the emulgel formulation. By various evaluation tests and through optimization, the chitosan-fucoidan combination was selected as the gelling agent for the preparation of emulgel using various evaluation parameters. X2, the best emulgel formulation, contained 2.54 % chitosan and 0.896 % fucoidan. Chitosan prolonged the duration of drug release, and controlled release was obtained. Fucoidan increased the gelling activity, water absorption rate, and stability of the formulation. In this study, the X2 formulation showed the highest percentage of drug release at the 12th hour. It was found to be 99.7%, which followed the zero-order release model. Owing to the wide range of biological activities of fucoidan, the loaded active substance can be protected, and at the same time, its potency can be improved, resulting in effective treatment. Because fucoidan has diverse properties and potential, it will be widely used in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries in the future.

Detection of Brain Tumor Employing Residual Network-based Optimized Deep Learning.

Diagnosis and treatment planning play a very vital role in improving the survival of oncological patients. However, there is high variability in the shape, size, and structure of the tumor, making automatic segmentation difficult. The automatic and accurate detection and segmentation methods for brain tumors are proposed in this paper. A modified ResNet50 model was used for tumor detection, and a ResUNetmodel-based convolutional neural network for segmentation is proposed in this paper. The detection and segmentation were performed on the same dataset consisting of pre-contrast, FLAIR, and postcontrast MRI images of 110 patients collected from the cancer imaging archive. Due to the use of residual networks, the authors observed improvement in evaluation parameters, such as accuracy for tumor detection and dice similarity coefficient for tumor segmentation. The accuracy of tumor detection and dice similarity coefficient achieved by the segmentation model were 96.77% and 0.893, respectively, for the TCIA dataset. The results were compared based on manual segmentation and existing segmentation techniques. The tumor mask was also individually compared to the ground truth using the SSIM value. The proposed detection and segmentation models were validated on BraTS2015 and BraTS2017 datasets, and the results were consensus. The use of residual networks in both the detection and the segmentation model resulted in improved accuracy and DSC score. DSC score was increased by 5.9% compared to the UNet model, and the accuracy of the model was increased from 92% to 96.77% for the test set.

Are Stabilisation Exercises Effective After Epidural Steroid Injection in Patients With Cervical Radiculopathy? A Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial.

Cervical radiculopathy is caused by dysfunction of nerve roots in the cervical spine. While many studies have assessed the effectiveness of interlaminar epidural steroid injection (ILESI) and stabilisation exercises separately for this condition, our study aims to evaluate the impact of different stabilisation exercise programmes following ILESI on treatment outcomes in radiculopathy patients. Sixty-two patients with cervical radiculopathy were randomised into three groups: cervical ILESI-only (CO), neck stabilisation group (NSG) and scapular stabilisation group (SSG). The CO group received only ILESI, while NSG and SSG underwent stabilisation exercises following ILESI. Outcomes were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for neck and arm pain, the Neck Disability Index (NDI) for functionality and the Short Form-12 (SF-12) for quality of life at baseline, 1 and 3 months posttreatment. When NRS, NDI and SF-12 parameters were analysed in all groups, a statistically significant improvement was observed in the 1st and 3rd months compared to the pretreatment period. While the improvement in SF-12 physical parameters was significant in SSG and NSG in the 1st month compared to the pretreatment period, no significant difference was found in the CO group in the posttreatment periods. When the 1st and 3rd month results were analysed in NSG, a greater improvement was observed in terms of NRSNECK parameter in both evaluations compared to the other groups. Stabilisation exercise programme, especially neck stabilisation, should be included after ILESI treatment due to positive effects on treatment outcomes. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to investigate the effect of a stabilisation exercise programme after ILESI on treatment outcomes in patients with radiculopathy due to cervical disc herniation. It is a valuable study in terms of its prospective design, its specific and homogeneous patient population and its results. Our study will help clinicians when prescribing exercise programmes for these patients. NCT05307211.

Formulation and evaluation of herbal floating tablets

Herbal tablets are oral dosage form that float in stomach and remain there for long period of time. They are designed to improve the bioavailability of drugs and deliver them locally to the stomach. Floating tablets can offer several advantages, including sustained drug delivery and site- specific drug. This review explains about the advantages, disadvantages, applications, general formulation factors. General excipients used, methods of manufacturing, Evaluation parameters were described briefly. Brief note on pre- compressional studies of powder blend, preparation of floating tablets and post compression studies of tablets were mentioned.

The health risks associated with long-term fuel exposure on Saudi Arabian workers: Prevention strategies and best practices

Clinically, petroleum products contain harmful chemicals. The health impacts of fuel pollution have become a real environmental problem in Saudi Arabia, which largely rely on the petroleum industries. The aim of this review paper is to highlight the health risk associated with long-term exposure to fuel pollutions on the workers of Saudi Arabia, and to elaborate the prevention and protection strategies for safety practices. The review showed how the workers in Saudi Arabia (as a leading oil producer country) exposed to fuel during their work in its volatile form (volatile organic compound; VOC). This air pollution can cause adverse effect on their health (e.g., hematological disorders) as was reported in many places within Saudi Arabia. The review also reflected the needs for evaluation parameters to assess the level of exposure to these contaminants. Also, recent evidence was introduced about acute and long-term exposure to VOCs was introduced. The systemic health implications, included respiratory, immunological, hematological, dermatological, renal, reproductive, and central nervous system pathologies. The review also discusses the protection and safety strategy to promote the health status of the worker and also hammering on the personal protection devices.

Research on texture features classification of multilayered wood flooring using global image structure method

ABSTRACT The manual classification method based on grain batch in multilayer wood-flooring-production line is inefficient and has a high false detection rate. In this study, a new algorithm combining the global-image structure (GIST) feature extraction technique with the Adaboost strategy integrated support vector Machine (SVM) is proposed. After preprocessing the image acquired by the CCD linear array camera, 12 groups of Gabor filters with different scales and directions were used, and the feature vector of the image was compressed by the average pooling method. Then the local linear embedding (LLE) algorithm was used to further reduce the feature dimension. Finally, the Adaboost strategy was used to integrate 10 support vector machines (SVMs) as classifiers, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) was used for the hyperparameters of each SVMs. The accuracy of this method was 98.93%, and the three main evaluation parameters of F1 Score, Precision and Recall reached 99%, 100% and 98%, respectively. The texture feature-classification method adopted in this study effectively solves challenges caused by abnormal surface colour and complex texture, achieving remarkable results in multilayer solid-wood composite-flooring-texture classification.

Wireless body area network: Architecture and security mechanism for healthcare using internet of things

Internet of Things (IoT) enabled wireless body area network (WBAN) is a novel technology that combines medical, wireless, and non-medical devices for healthcare management applications. Indoor healthcare institutions, such as hospitals, may employ IoT devices to manage medical equipment, maintain inventory, and monitor patients. In addition to monitoring temperature, humidity, and air quality, IoT sensors may help prevent the spread of sickness. The data generated by small sensor devices need strong security methods for secure transmission over a public network. Security of the data sent from source to destination is handled by transport layer security (TLS) protocol and prevent message loss or reordering. The most difficult component of TLS is determining how to handle reliability. Low-power wireless networks employ the Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol to solve this problem. But if the Server is exposed to a malicious attack (i.e., flooded with ClientHello messages, the DTLS protocol may no longer serve the purpose) as it may lead to Denial-of-Service (DoS). The paper proposes an intelligent gateway-based verification and approval system to protect health data from IoT wearable devices, a key worldwide data security risk. Paper used Contiki Network Simulator for designing an advanced smart gateway-based constrained application Improved DTLS (CoAP I-DTLS) security protocol. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed work, the packet loss ratio is computed for the CoAP, CoAP-DTLS, and CoAP I-DTLS protocols. To assess the effectiveness of the improved CoAP I-DTLS, calculations are also made for data transfer and handshake time. Paper will also look at ways to increase security by integrating the CoAP I-DTLS protocol with the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-256) and utilizing Certificate Authority (CA) improvements. Evaluation parameters such as Packet loss ratio, Data transmission time, and Energy consumption average are considered and detailed simulation results have been presented.

Bioactive Compounds in Herbal Shampoos: A Comprehensive Review of their Efficacy in Promoting Hair Growth and Controlling Dandruff

Herbal shampoos have emerged as a sustainable alternative to synthetic formulations, leveraging the therapeutic properties of natural ingredients for hair health. This systematic review explores the formulation and evaluation of herbal shampoos for promoting hair growth and combating dandruff. Traditional uses of herbs such as Neem, Bhringraj, and Aloe Vera are highlighted, emphasizing their antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and hair-strengthening benefits. Modern formulation techniques, including natural surfactants and nanotechnology, enhance the stability and efficacy of these products. Evaluation parameters such as pH, viscosity, antimicrobial activity, and hair growth assays are discussed, providing a comprehensive framework for quality assessment. Recent advancements in ingredient selection, synergistic herb combinations, and clinical validation underscore the growing scientific interest in herbal shampoos. The review also identifies challenges such as ingredient variability, regulatory compliance, consumer expectations, and strategies for addressing them. It also highlights future directions, including personalized formulations, exploration of underutilized herbs, and integration of AI and biotechnological tools. Herbal shampoos represent a fusion of traditional knowledge and scientific innovation, offering a safe and eco-friendly solution for diverse hair concerns. By addressing current limitations and leveraging technological advancements, these products have the potential to revolutionize the hair care industry.

Maxillomandibular Advancement with the Use of Virtual Surgical Planning and the CAD/CAM Technology in OSA Surgery: Volumetric Analysis of the Posterior Airway Space

Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea is an extremely diffuse pathology that, if left untreated, can lead to very serious cardiovascular consequences. The primary goal of treatment is to maintain airflow in the upper airway tract, which can be obtained thanks to orthognathic surgery such as maxillo-mandibular advancement (MMA). This procedure increases the volume of the posterior airway space (PAS)—a parameter considered fundamental in OSA physiology. However, the correlation between the degree of advancement, the volume increase, and the clinical improvement in OSA is not yet clear, even in patients who undergo virtual surgical planning. Aiming to test the correlation of these parameters and the role of PAS volume changes, we present our pre- and post-operative volumetric analysis of the PAS using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) following CAD/CAM-assisted maxillomandibular advancement. Materials and Methods: We collected information from patients who underwent MMA for moderate or severe OSA, planned virtually with custom-made devices, between 2020 and 2022 at the Maxillofacial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit of the Policlinico Hospital in Milan. The degree of mandibular advancement (pogonion antero-posterior advancement) was noted. All patients underwent pre- and post-operative CBCT and pre- and post-operative polysomnography to measure the Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI) parameters. Both exams were performed within six months before and after surgery. The surgeries were planned virtually along with the production of custom-made devices (cutting guides and mandibular osteosynthesis plates). Volumetric analysis of the PAS was performed pre- and post-CBCT images using medical segmentation software (Mimics, Materialise, Mimcs 26.0). Results: Ten patients (nine men and one woman) with a mean age of 51 years were included in this study. The mean pogonion advancement was 14.5 mm, ranging from 13.8 to 15.6. The mean pre-surgical AHI was 52.31 events/h, while the mean post-surgical AHI was 5.94 events/h (SD 5.34). The improvement in AHI was statistically significant (Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test, p value 0.004). The mean pre-surgical PAS volume was 8933 mm3, while the mean post-surgical volume was 10,609 mm3. In 8 out of 10 patients, the volume increased, with a mean increase of 2640 mm3 (max. 5183, min. 951), corresponding to a percentage increase variation ranging from 78% to 6%. In two patients, the volume decreased by 1591 (−16%) and 2767 mm3 (−31%), respectively. The difference between pre- and post-operative results was not statistically significant (paired t-test, p value 0.033). Conclusions: The results obtained confirm the efficacy of virtually planned MMA performed with custom-made devices in OSA therapy. However, they also show that PAS volume should not be used as a comprehensive parameter for OSA treatment evaluation because it does not always have a positive correlation with advancement and AHI.

P0414 Serum Activin-A level as a new biomarker in active Ulcerative Colitis patients

Abstract Background Ulcerative colitis is a lifelong inflammatory disease affecting the rectum and colon to varying degrees. Multiple scoring-classification methods, including endoscopic, clinical, and combined methods, have been used to assess disease severity. Various biomarkers are used for diagnosis and subtyping in ulcerative colitis, including fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, p-ANCA, ESR, anti-integrin αvβ6, and serum trefoil factor 3. In this study, we investigated whether there was a significant difference in serum activin-A levels, considered an indicator of intestinal inflammation, between symptomatic active ulcerative colitis patients and a control group. Methods The study included 34 patients and 18 controls, Patients were analyzed for serum Activin-A levels, symptomatic assessment, endoscopic evaluation, and laboratory parameters. Results Serum Activin-A levels in the patient group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p=0.034). Accordingly, with a sensitivity of 55.9% and a specificity of 72.2%, the cut-off value for Activin-A was found to be 486.925 pg/mL. Conclusion Serum activin A level has been associated with active ulcerative colitis References Namwanje M, Brown CW. Activins and inhibins: roles in development, physiology, and disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2016;8(7):a021881. https://www.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a021881 Sonoyama K, Rutatip S, Kasai T. Gene expression of activin, activin receptors, and follistatin in intestinal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2000;278(1):G89-97. https://www.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2000.278.1.G89 Dignass AU, Jung S, Harder-d’Heureuse J, Wiedenmann B. Functional relevance of activin A in the intestinal epithelium. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2002;37(8):936-943. https://doi.org/10.1080/003655202760230900 Ogihara, R., Kurumi, H., Kanda, T., Yashima, K., Isomoto, H., & Yamaguchi, N. (2023). Serum Activin A Is a Novel Biomarker of Endoscopic Activity in Ulcerative Colitis. Gastroenterology research, 16(6), 334–341. https://doi.org/10.14740/gr1677

Prediction and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease using cloud and machine learning design

Predicting and accurately identifying heart disease is a significant challenge in the field of medicine, and the problem of cardiovascular disease predetermine in the health care system is regarded as an essential challenge. Patients have access to more expensive surgical procedures at these rapidly expanding health care organisations. Recent years have seen an increase in the prevalence of heart disease; this means that despite the progress that has been made in medicine, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease continues to rise at an alarming rate. The primary contributors to the development of these illnesses are a sedentary lifestyle, excessive use of alcohol, insufficient time spent being physically active, and the use of cigarette products. As a result, there is a requirement for a cloud-based framework (CBF) that is capable of monitoring health information and making accurate predictions regarding it. Recently, techniques from the field of machine learning have been applied in an effort to address issues of this nature. But the method that is being suggested uses a cloud-based and cloud-based four-step process to improve surveillance of patients’ health information. This is done to improve the process of forecasting patients’ health information. Detecting and categorising cardiac illness can be accomplished through the application of two distinct kinds of machine learning techniques. After that, an analysis is performed to determine how accurate those techniques are. In order to assess how effectively they work, evaluation parameters are utilised.

Nurturing Wellness: Development and Evaluation of a Novel Herbal Formulation with Immunomodulatory Activity

Background Disease prevention prevailed in the post-COVID world. The global trends are trailing toward prevention and immunity enhancement with alternative therapies and herbal drugs. Purpose The current research was performed to prepare and standardize a herbal formulation reported to have multiple health benefits including immunomodulation. Methods Ethanolic extracts of Asparagus racemosus, Tinospora cordifolia, and Trigonella foenum-graecum were prepared and used in the proportion of 1:1:1. The extracts were analyzed for phytochemicals and further standardized by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) with analytical standards for all three drugs, that is, shatavarin IV, trigonelline, and berberine. The A. racemosus, T. cordifolia, and T. foenum-graecum extract blend (ATTEB) was tested for neutrophil adhesion and carbon clearance to check for overall immunomodulatory activity. The effervescent tablets were formulated and evaluated for various pharmacopoeial parameters. Accelerated stability studies of the formulations were done for 6 months duration as per the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines. Results The phytochemical and HPTLC results confirmed the presence of bioactive constituents in extracts and formulation. The blend of extract ATTEB (neutrophil adhesion: 52.17 ± 0.79, phagocytic index: 0.0292 ± 0.002) enhanced neutrophil adhesion by approximately 35% from the control group (16.91 ± 1.94), with almost five-fold higher phagocytic index compared to the control group (0.0056 ± 0.004) and even higher compared to the standard drug group (0.022 ± 0.001). A ready-to-use formulation of effervescent tablets was prepared and evaluated. The B7 batch showed a suitable formulation based on the various evaluation parameters. The formulation was found to be stable under 6-month accelerated stability studies. Conclusion The research study successfully developed a novel formulation of the blend with immunomodulatory activity.

Relationship of Thyroid Volume and Function with Carotid and Femoral Intima-Media Thickness in Euthyroid People Aged 18-65 Taking into Account the Impact of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Excess Body Mass.

Background/Objectives: The interrelationship of thyroid volume and function with features of cardiovascular dysfunction has already been investigated but some aspects remain unclear, especially in terms of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in euthyroid patients. Intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement in ultrasound B-mode imaging in different vascular beds (most frequently within the common carotid artery) is one of the most important tools for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in both clinical practice and research. This article aimed to present the results of our research on the association between the thyroid evaluation parameters and the IMT measured in both the carotid and femoral arteries in euthyroid patients aged 18 to 65 years taking into account the influence of diabetes, hypertension, and excess body mass. Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of data from patients with no thyroid disease who during planned hospitalization underwent thyroid ultrasound, determination of biochemical parameters of thyroid function, and Doppler ultrasound of carotid, vertebral, and lower extremities arteries with IMT measurement. Data from 45 people (females: 57.8%) were analyzed. Results: No significant correlations were found between biochemical parameters of thyroid function and IMT parameters. Thyroid volume was found to be significantly correlated with all parameters of the IMT within the superficial femoral artery (R = 0.407, p = 0.007 for the mean IMT calculated from the left side and the right side) and with minimal IMT within the common femoral artery taken from the left side and the right side (R = 0.342, p = 0.025). Selected IMT parameters were shown to be significantly higher in patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity, or metabolic syndrome in comparison to patients without the mentioned comorbidities. Using multiple linear regression, it was confirmed that parameters related to thyroid status do not significantly affect the IMT value. A significant effect of diabetes and, to a lesser extent, hypertension on the IMT value was confirmed, especially in the femoral arteries. Conclusions: In the population of euthyroid patients, thyroid volume correlates significantly with some parameters of femoral IMT. No significant correlations were found between thyroid biochemical parameters and IMT in both carotid and femoral arteries. A significant influence of diabetes and hypertension on the IMT value was confirmed, especially in the femoral arteries.

Study of Features of Numerical Simulation of Falling Weight Tests on Rigid Pavements

Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) produces pavement responses upon an impact by a falling weight drop. The responses serve as inputs of backcalculation procedures to calculate the structural parameters for pavement evaluation. Many simulations were developed by imposing the impact force on pavement model neglecting the falling mass. This study investigated the effects of falling mass on FWD simulations, which were conducted with a finite element analysis package. Various falling heights, damping of rubber pads, and falling masses were considered to reveal the significance of these factors on pavement responses. The preliminary results show that falling mass may be ignored in FWD simulations as long as the time history of impact force is correctly recorded and used for general FWD simulations. The damping of underlying materials is significant in dynamic responses.

Adoption of Hygienic Meat Production and Handling Practices among Value Chain Stakeholders of Chevon and Carabeef in Kerala, India

This study investigated the adoption of hygienic practices in Kerala's chevon and carabeef value chain, focusing on production and handling methods. Using a stratified multistage sampling approach, the research examined three stakeholder groups: farmers (producers), traders, and retailers. For farmers, the assessment covered hygiene practices in feeding, environmental management, livestock health, and biosecurity. For traders and retailers, evaluation parameters included animal welfare standards, handling protocols, transportation compliance, regulatory adherence, traceability systems, slaughter hygiene, packaging methods, and waste management practices. Demographic analysis revealed that participants were predominantly middle-aged males with secondary education and substantial industry experience. The findings indicated moderate adoption of hygiene practices across all stakeholder categories. The domain-specific analysis highlighted critical areas requiring improvement: antimicrobial resistance management, residue monitoring, biosecurity protocols, and general hygiene practices throughout the value chain. For meat traders and retailers specifically, the study identified regulatory compliance, product traceability, personal and environmental hygiene, and waste management as key areas needing enhancement. These findings underscore the necessity for targeted interventions to improve hygiene standards across Kerala's red meat value chain.

Formulation and Evaluation of Liposomal Cream Containing Tolnaftate

The current study’s objective was to formulate and evaluate a liposomal cream containing tolnaftate in order to improve the drug’s bioavailability. Tolnaftate is a drug having low permeability which results in decreased drug absorption and so is the bioavailability. To overcome these problems tolnaftate is incorporated in liposomes. Liposome vesicular drug delivery system was preferred due to its greater solubility, permeability and bioavailability. It carries a substantial amount of drug which increased the drug’s penetration. The liposomes were prepared using a variety of phospholipids, specifically soy lecithin and egg phosphatidylcholine in varying ratios. Liposomes were prepared by ethanol injection method and evaluated for morphology, percentage practical yield, percentage entrapment efficiency, drug content and in-vitro drug release study. The formulation with the best result according to the evaluation parameters was F2 with greater percentage drug entrapment, drug content and in-vitro drug release was considered to be optimized formulation and this F2 formulation was further evaluated by SEM, DSC and XRD. Liposomal cream was formulated using the optimized formulation. Spreadability, Viscocity, pH measurement and in-vitro drug release were evaluated for liposomal cream. Formulation F2 and optimized liposomal cream formulation showed in-vitro drug release of 92.44% and 77.48% respectively at the end of 8th hour. Keywords: Tolnaftate, liposomes, SEM, DSC, XRD

Mitochondrial Electron Flow Dynamics Imaging for Assessing Mitochondrial Quality and Drug Screening

AbstractMitochondrial quality control is paramount for cellular development, with mitochondrial electron flow (Mito‐EF) playing a central role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. However, unlike visible protein entities, which can be monitored through chemical biotechnology, regulating mitochondrial quality control by invisible entities such as Mito‐EF has remained elusive. Here, a Mito‐EF tracker (Mito‐EFT) with a four‐pronged probe design is presented to elucidate the dynamic mechanisms of Mito‐EF's involvement in mitochondrial quality control. Heightened aggregation of Mito‐EF in fiber‐like healthy mitochondria compared to round‐like damaged mitochondria is demonstrated, revealed Mito‐EF aggregation correlated with mitochondrial morphological remodeling, particularly in regions undergoing mitochondrial fission and fusion, and show the Mito‐EF signal associated with mitochondrial cristae maintained by Dynamin‐Related Protein 1 (DRP1). This underscores the importance of considering Mito‐EF in assessing mitochondrial quality control parameters. A novel drug screening evaluation parameter, Mito‐EF is also introduced to screen and discover mitochondrial‐targeted therapeutic modulators. This tracker provides new avenues for investigating the role of Mito‐EF in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and quality control, offering a potent tool for assessing mitochondrial quality and drug screening.

Formulation and Evaluation of Floating Drug Delivery System of Diltiazem Tablet

The design and assessment of monolithic gastroretentive diltiazem dosage form s are described in the current study. As rate controlling polymers, hydrophilic cellulose derivatives, sodium alginate, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, Polyox, and Methocel K100M in conjunction with Methocel E6LV are employed. Sodium bicarbonate was added as a gas producing substance.Wet granulation was used to make the tablets, which were t hen assessed for various characteristics, including thickness, diameter, homogeneity of drug content, friability, floating lag time, in-vitro buoyancy, in- vitro drug release studies, and stability studies. The results for every evaluation parameter were noteworthy. The medication and excipients did not interact, accor ding to DSC testing. It was discovered that the content of polymers and floating agents controlled the release rate, extent, and processes. The drug release kinetic s from the tablet were based on the Higuchi and Korsmeyer equations. In accordance with ICH rules, Formula F5 and F6 were both stored for three months at 40 °C/75% RH. Based on the findings of the research, F6 was determined to be the most optimal formulation out of all of the others. Formula F6 loaded with barium sulfate had a mean stomach retention duration of 5.50 ± 0.55 hours, according t o abdominal Xray imaging in eight healthy adult volunteers. It has been determined that the floating mechanism can be used to create the gastroretentive tablet of diltiazem HCI, extending its residence period and, consequently, its availability for absorption from the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) or stomach

3T dilated inception network for enhanced autism spectrum disorder diagnosis using resting-state fMRI data.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the complicated neurodevelopmental disorders that impacts the daily functioning and social interactions of individuals. It includes diverse symptoms and severity levels, making it challenging to diagnose and treat efficiently. Various deep learning (DL) based methods have been developed for diagnosing ASD, which rely heavily on behavioral assessment. However, existing techniques have suffered from poor diagnostic outcomes, higher computational complexity, and overfitting issues. To address these challenges, this research work introduces an innovative framework called 3T Dilated Inception Network (3T-DINet) for effective ASD diagnosis using resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) images. The proposed 3T-DINet technique designs a 3T dilated inception module that incorporates dilated convolutions along with the inception module, allowing it to extract multi-scale features from brain connectivity patterns. The 3T dilated inception module uses three distinct dilation rates (low, medium, and high) in parallel to determine local, mid-level, and global features from the brain. In addition, the proposed approach implements Residual networks (ResNet) to avoid the vanishing gradient problem and enhance the feature extraction ability. The model is further optimized using a Crossover-based Black Widow Optimization (CBWO) algorithm that fine-tunes the hyperparameters thereby enhancing the overall performance of the model. Further, the performance of the 3T-DINet model is evaluated using the five ASD datasets with distinct evaluation parameters. The proposed 3T-DINet technique achieved superior diagnosis results compared to recent previous works. From this simulation validation, it's clear that the 3T-DINet provides an excellent contribution to early ASD diagnosis and enhances patient treatment outcomes.