Parameters Description Research Articles

Molecular Modeling Study of Leflunomide and Its Active Metabolite Analogues

Leflunomide is known as a compound with various sorts of biological activity, which found a practical application in medicine. Search of current literature revealed an active metabolite of Leflunomide together with its eight analogues synthesized as protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors with potential anticancer activity. Accurate description of the molecular structure of these compounds is valuable. The detailed geometrical parameters description was performed using DFT theory. The conformational analysis and intramolecular proton transfer were considered. Using the most stable conformation the detailed electronic structure description was obtained by analysis of electron density and electrostatic potential distribution in the first step. Next, the topological analysis of the electron density by AIM method and electron localization function (ELF) theories supplemented this study. The AIM and ELF theories were applied to study the topology of the molecules, atomic charges distribution, and details of bonding. The theoretical investigations were performed in the gas phase and by using SCRF/PCM solvent reaction field. In this study the molecular modeling results for Leflunomide and the analogues of its active metabolite are presented.

Image data of crumb structure of bread from flour of czech spring wheat cultivars

Abstract: Baking quality of flour from six wheat cultivars (harvest 2002 and 2003), belonging to the quality classes A and B, was evaluated using the fermented dough test. Analytical traits of kernel and flour showed differences between the classes which were confirmed by the baking test with the full-bread-formula according to Czech method. In addition to standard methods of the bread parameters description (specific bread volume and bread shape measurements) rheological measurements of penetrometer and image analysis were used in effort to differentiate wheat samples into the quality classes. The results of the baking test proved significant differences in specific bread volumes – the highest volume in class A was obtained with the cultivar Vinjet and in class B with SG-S1098 – approx. 410 and 420 ml/100 g. Although significant correlations among image analysis data and specific bread volume having been proved, any image analysis parameter did not distinguish the quality classes. Only the penetronetric measurements made with bread crumb were suitable for such purpose (r = 0.9083; for  = 0.01). Among image analysis data the total cell area of the crumb had the strongest correlation with specific bread volume (r = 0.7840; for α = 0.01).    

Stokes Parameters Description for the Contrast Variations Observed in Fringes Generated by Digital Speckle Correlation

Stokes Parameters Description for the Contrast Variations Observed in Fringes Generated by Digital Speckle Correlation

Switched-current wave filters based on lossy integrators

A new method for designing switched-current wave filters is presented. The LC ladder prototype filter is split into two-port subnetworks and their wave equivalents are obtained using the scattering parameters description. The elementary building block is chosen to be the wave equivalent of an inductance in series-branch, which is constructed from a lossy integrator configuration. The equivalents of the other reactive elements in series or shunt-branch can be readily obtained by interchanging the outputs of the elementary block and/or using inverters. Simulation results show that the sensitivity of the derived filter configurations, to the MOS transistor parameters mismatch, was minimised in comparison with the already known switched-current wave filter topologies.

Lumped parameters description of RF losses in ESR experiments on electrically conducting samples

The authors present the analysis of losses in lumped parameters resonators used for ESR spectroscopy at low microwave frequencies. The relative weight of electric and magnetic field losses has been evaluated as a function of frequency and sample conductivity. The theory has been tested at two frequencies (680 and 549 MHz) and with samples of different conductivity.

On the Efficiences of Kinematic Synthesis and Analysis of Robot Motion

This paper presents a computer based method for the formulation and efficient solution of robot qeometry. The proposed algorithm is based on Euler parameters description of the group of rotations of riqid body. The efficiences of computer based algorithm is achieved by direct transformation procedures of Euler parameters using dual special (2x2) matrices. Very condensed analytical expressions for the description of configuration space, and analytical form of Jacobian matrix is presented. As an alternative the homogeneous parameters description of the model is given. All presented results prove the concurrency of the method with respect to the other known methods: by the time consumption, ease of computer programing, mathematical clarity and understandability.

Energy transfer in ion-polar molecule collisions

Rotational excitation of HCN in collisions with Na + is considered, at energies between 0.1 and 10 eV using a point charge rotating dipole, impact parameters description. The resulting cross sections are interpreted in terms of crossings between Stark-shifted rotational levels. In the region where inelastic collisions dominate, non-polar molecule reactions should proceed through complex formation. The model predicts the same behavior as orbiting models at lower energies, yielding a rate independent of temperature, in agreement with experiment.

The generation of descriptive‐evaluative responses in scale answering behaviour: A model

AbstractA model of subject behaviour in scale answering situations is derived, developed and illustrated empirically. The model allows for the possibility that a subject, faced with a request to describe how much of some attribute an object possesses, may internally represent either that object or some other. Additionally, it allows that he may give honest expression to his internal representation or modify so as to proffer a more ‚functional' description. Thus two basic parameters (representation and description) characterise the process whereby a response emitter (S) gives a descriptive‐evaluative response to a response elicitor (E).The parameters of the model are demonstrated by two studies using a psycho‐metrically sophisticated personality scale (Mach. V). In the first, object substitution is shown by contrasting self‐referent and other‐referent responses using a personating technique. In the second, response modification, due to favourable self‐presentation, is found to operate despite a scale‐format designed specially to eliminate such biases.Two major implications of the model are discussed: That the nature of descriptive‐evaluative responding is such as to render the construction of non‐fakeable descriptive scales impossible. That many experiments using descriptive scales are dubious tests of their stated hypotheses because there are no provisions for the control of the parameters of description and representation.