Parallel Form Reliability Research Articles

Development of Screening Psychosocial Stressors Objectively Test (SPOT) for the Parents having Children with Intellectual Disability (Feasibility Study)

In the present study an attempt has been made by the researcher to develop a free associative projective test named screening psychosocial stressors objectively test (SPOT) for the parents having children with intellectual disability (Feasibility Study) Here in this test researcher screen and find out the level of stress caused by their psychosocial needs of parents having children with intellectual disability. This free associative projective test can be helpful to the clinicians in assisting them in screening and finding out the stress and its root causing needs, A clinician by using this tool can recommend suitable therapy to a patient based on the patients’ views, needs, stressors and his or her personality trait in order to reduce their stress level, which ultimately leads to better adjustment in their personal and professional life. And also, this pilot study (N=60) indicate that SPOT is psychometrically a sound tool as the content validity of this tool has been established in terms of (7) expert opinion by using Delphi Method and the reliability was established in terms of parallel form reliability and the result suggested high (0.95). Further researches are recommended to standardize this free associative projective test for the assessment of various psychosocial disorders in parents having children with intellectual disability and in individuals. which may lead to significant indications for intervention and thereby improving their quality of life of an individual.

Fall Prevention Model at a Local Nonprofit Equipment Exchange Program Utilizing the STEADI: A Compilation of Two Pilot Studies

Abstract Date Presented 03/23/24 Collective research to determine the predictive validity of the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths & Injuries (STEADI), parallel-forms reliability between the 3-item and 12-item STEADI, and the efficacy of pamphlets in the education of individuals using a nonprofit equipment exchange program. Primary Author and Speaker: Karen Probst

Developing a Situational Judgement Test to Assess Clinical Judgement in Fourth-Year Medical Students: A Pilot Study.

Introduction Assessing clinical judgement objectively and economically presents a challenge in academic medicine. The authors developed a situational judgement test (SJT) to measure fourth-year medical students' clinical judgement. Methods A knowledge-based, single-best-answer SJT was developed by a panel of subject matter experts (SMEs). The SJT included 30 scenarios, each with five response options ranked ordinally from most to least appropriate. A computer-based format was used, and the SJT was piloted by two cohorts of fourth-year medical students at California University of Science and Medicine in 2022 and 2023 upon completion of an internship preparation course. Subsequently, students completed an optional survey. Evaluated scoring methods included original ordinal ranking, dichotomous, dichotomous with negative correction, distance from SME best answer, and distance from SME best answer squared. Results The SJT was completed by 142 fourth-year medical students. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.39 to 0.85, depending on the scoring method used. The distance-from-SME-best-answer-squared method yielded the highest internal consistency, which was considered acceptable. Using this scoring method, the mean score was 72.89 (SD = 48.32, range = 26-417), and the standard error of measurement was 18.41. Item analysis found that seven (23%) scenarios were of average difficulty, 13 (43%) had a good or satisfactory discrimination index, and nine (30%) had a distractor efficiency of at least 66%. Most students preferred the SJT to a traditional multiple-choice exam (16; 62%) and felt it was an appropriate tool to assess clinical judgement (15; 58%). Conclusions The authors developed and piloted an SJT to assess clinical judgement among medical students. Although not achieving validation, subsequent development of the SJT will focus on expanding the SME concordance panel, improving difficulty and discrimination indices, and conducting parallel forms reliability and adverse impact analyses.

Parallel comparison of ocular metrics in non-human primates with high myopia by LS900, ultrasonography and MRI-based 3D reconstruction

We investigate the ocular dimensions and shape by using Lenstar900 (LS900), A-scan ultrasonography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in highly myopic Macaca fascicularis. The ocular dimensions data of LS900, A-scan ultrasonography and MRI was assessed from 8 eyes (4 adult male cynomolgus macaque) with extremely high myopia (≤-1000DS) and compared by means of coefficients of concordance and 95% limits of agreement. Multiple regression analysis was performed to explore the associations between ocular biometry, volume, refraction and inter-instrument discrepancies. Test-retest reliability of three measurements of ocular parameters at two time points was almost equal (intraclass correlation = 0.831 to 1.000). The parallel-forms reliability of three measurements was strong for vitreous chamber depth (VCD) (coefficient of concordance = 0.919 to 0.981), moderate for axial length (AL) (coefficient of concordance = 0.486 to 0.981), and weak for anterior chamber depth (ACD) (coefficient of concordance = 0.267 to 0.621) and lens thickness (LT) (coefficient of concordance = 0.035 to 0.631). The LS900 and MRI systematically underestimated the ACD and LT comparing to A-scan ultrasonography (P < 0.05). Notably, the average AL on LS900 displayed a significant correlation with those on MRI (r = 0.978, P < 0.001) and A-scan ultrasonography (r = 0.990, P < 0.001). Almost 4/5 eyeballs were prolate. The mean eyeball volume positively correlated with AL (r = 0.782, P = 0.022), the width (r = 0.945, P = 0.000), and the length (r = 0.782, P = 0.022) of eyeball, while negatively correlated with SER (r = −0.901, P = 0.000). In conclusion, there was a high inter-instrument concordance for VCD with LS900, A-scan ultrasonography and MRI, while ACD and LT were underestimated with LS900 compared to A-scan ultrasonography, and the LS900 and A-scan ultrasonography could reliably measure the AL. MRI further revealed an equatorial globe shape in extremely myopic non-human primates.

Reliability, Validity and Acceptability of the PEDI-CAT with ASD Scales for Australian Children and Youth on the Autism Spectrum.

The PEDI-CAT (ASD) is used to assess functioning of children and youth on the autism spectrum; however, current psychometric evidence is limited. This study aimed to explore the reliability, validity and acceptability of the PEDI-CAT (ASD) using a large Australian sample. Caregivers of 134 children and youth on the spectrum participated in clinical assessments involving the administration of the PEDI-CAT (ASD), Vineland-3, PEDI-CAT (Original) and a feedback instrument. The PEDI-CAT (ASD) content was compared to the ICF Core Sets for ASD to summarize areas of functioning assessed and relevance to autism. The PEDI-CAT (ASD) demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency and test-re-test reliability. Parallel forms reliability with the PEDI-CAT (Original) included significant correlations (good to excellent), however, t-tests showed significantly higher Social/Cognitive scores for the ASD version. Convergent validity results demonstrated that most PEDI-CAT (ASD) and Vineland-3 core domains were significantly correlated (poor to good). Content analysis revealed that the PEDI-CAT (ASD) covered less than half of the ICF Core Sets for ASD (mostly Activities and Participation codes). Just over half the codes assigned to the PEDI-CAT (ASD) were represented in the ICF Core Sets for ASD. Feedback on the acceptability of the measure was mixed, but overall was it was considered user-friendly and efficient. The PEDI-CAT (ASD) had adequate psychometric properties and acceptability as a measure of Activities and Participation codes. However, it lacks comprehensiveness and relevance when compared to the ICF Core Sets for ASD and has the potential to overestimate functioning.

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Informant Assessment of Geriatric Delirium Scale.

<p>Delirium is a common complication developing in el&shy;der&shy;ly patients. Therefore, it is important to diagnose delirium earlier. Family caregivers&nbsp;play an active role in early diagnosis of de&shy;lirium and build a bridge between health pro&shy;fessionals and patients. The purpose of this research was to achieve the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Informant Assessment of Geriatric Delirium Scale (I-AGeD).</p>. <p>This is a methodological study. The sample comprised 125 caregivers ac&shy;cepting to participate in the study and offering care to older patients with hip fracture aged &ge;60 years. Data were gathered preoperatively and on postoperative days 0, 1 and 2. After achieving the linguistic and content validity of the scale, the known-groups comparison was used to achieve its construct validity. The ROC curve analysis was made to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the scale. Item-total correlations, item analysis based on the difference between the upper 27% and lower 27%, Kuder&ndash;Richardson 20 (KR-20) coefficient and parallel forms reliability with the NEECHAM Confusion Scale were adapted to assess discriminant indices of the items in the I-AGeD.</p>. <p>The item-total correlation coeffi&shy;cients of the scale ranged from 0.54 to 0.89 and KR-20 coefficient ranged from 0.09 to 0.91 depending on the measurement times. According to the ROC curve analysis, the sensitivity and specificity of the scale were &ge; 91% and &ge; 96% respectively. The parallel forms reliability analysis showed a highly significant, strong negative relation at each measurement between the I-AGeD and the NEECHAM Confusion Scale.&nbsp;</p>. <p>The I-AGeD is valid and reliable to diagnose delirium in older Turkish patients in perioperative processes.</p>.

Parallel-Forms Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change of the Four Telerehabilitation Version Mobility-Related Function Scales in Stroke Survivors

ObjectiveTo investigate the parallel-forms reliability, minimal detectable change with 95% confidence interval (MDC95), and feasibility of the 4 telerehabilitation version mobility-related function scales: Fugl–Meyer Assessment-lower extremity subscale (Tele-FMA-LE), Berg Balance Scale (Tele-BBS), Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment-Gait subscale (Tele-POMA-G), and Rivermead Mobility Index (Tele-RMI). DesignReliability and agreement study and cross-sectional study. SettingMedical center. ParticipantsStroke survivors’ ability to independently walk 3 meters with assistive devices, age of ≥18 years for participants and their partners, stable physical condition, and absence of cognitive impairment (N=60). InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcomes MeasuresParallel-forms reliability and MDC95 of Tele-FMA-LE, Tele-BBS, Tele-POMA-G, and Tele-RMI. ResultsNo significant differences (P>.05) were observed among the mean scores of the telerehabilitation version and face-to-face version mobility-related function scales. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) indicated good reliability for most scales, with Tele-FMA-LE, Tele-BBS, and Tele-RMI scores achieving values of 0.81, 0.78, and 0.84. Tele-POMA-G scores demonstrated moderate reliability (ICC=0.72). Weighted kappa (κw) showed good-to-excellent reliability for most individual items (κw>0.60). The MDCs of the Tele-FMA-LE, Tele-BBS, Tele-POMA-G, and Tele-RMI were 5.84, 8.10, 2.74, and 1.31, respectively. Bland–Altman analysis showed adequate agreement between tele-assessment and face-to-face assessment for all scales. The 5 dimensions affirm the robust feasibility of tele-assessment: assessment time, subjective fatigue perception, overall preference, participant satisfaction, and system usability. ConclusionsThe study demonstrates good parallel-forms reliability, MDC, and promising feasibility of the 4 telerehabilitation version mobility-related function scales (Tele-FMA-LE, Tele-BBS, Tele-POMA-G, and Tele-RMI) in survivors of stroke.

Validating Parallel-Forms Tests for Assessing Anesthesia Resident Knowledge.

We created a serious game to teach first year anesthesiology (CA-1) residents to perform general anesthesia for cesarean delivery. We aimed to investigate resident knowledge gains after playing the game and having received one of 2 modalities of debriefing. We report on the development and validation of scores from parallel test forms for criterion-referenced interpretations of resident knowledge. The test forms were intended for use as pre- and posttests for the experiment. Validation of instruments measuring the study's primary outcome was considered essential for adding rigor to the planned experiment, to be able to trust the study's results. Parallel, multiple-choice test forms development steps included: (1) assessment purpose and population specification; (2) content domain specification and writing/selection of items; (3) content validation by experts of paired items by topic and cognitive level; and (4) empirical validation of scores from the parallel test forms using Classical Test Theory (CTT) techniques. Field testing involved online administration of 52 shuffled items from both test forms to 24 CA-1's, 21 second-year anesthesiology (CA-2) residents, 2 fellows, 1 attending anesthesiologist, and 1 of unknown rank at 3 US institutions. Items from each form yielded near-normal score distributions, with similar medians, ranges, and standard deviations. Evaluations of CTT item difficulty (item p values) and discrimination (D) indices indicated that most items met assumptions of criterion-referenced test design, separating experienced from novice residents. Experienced residents performed better on overall domain scores than novices (P < .05). Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20) reliability estimates of both test forms were above the acceptability cut of .70, and parallel forms reliability estimate was high at .86, indicating results were consistent with theoretical expectations. Total scores of parallel test forms demonstrated item-level validity, strong internal consistency and parallel forms reliability, suggesting sufficient robustness for knowledge outcomes assessments of CA-1 residents.

Validity and reliability of the Foot Care Scale for Older Diabetics in Turkish society.

Older patients with diabetes have behaviors and practices in foot care that differ from those of younger patients. There is a need for a tool to assess the foot care of patients with diabetes who are over the age of 65 years. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the long and short versions of the Foot Care Scale for Older Diabetics (FCS-OD) in Turkish society. A total of 172 older patients with diabetes participated in the study. Language validity, content validity, construct validity, Cronbach's alpha coefficient value, item-scale correlations, parallel form reliability, and test-retest correlations were used to assess the Turkish version of FCS-OD. A patient identification form, FCS-OD, Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale, and Foot Self-Care Behavior Scale were used for data collection. Turkish versions of the FCS-OD, both short and long versions, were at acceptable levels regarding their content (content validity index: 0.964, 0.975) and construct (factor loadings > 0.4). Both versions of the scale showed a high level of internal consistency as demonstrated by Cronbach's alpha values (short version, 0.802; long version, 0.905) and item-scale correlations (> 0.3). Both versions of the scale were stable over time and compared to the parallel forms. Both versions of the scale were found to be valid and reliable for Turkish society with regard to psychometric properties.

Computer Adaptive vs. Non-adaptive Medical Progress Testing: Feasibility, Test Performance, and Student Experiences.

Computerized adaptive testing tailors test items to students' abilities by adapting difficulty level. This more efficient, and reliable assessment form may provide advantages over a conventional medical progress test (PT). Prior to our study, a direct comparison of students' performance on a computer adaptive progress test (CA-PT) and a conventional PT, which is crucial for nationwide implementation of the CA-PT, was missing. Therefore, we assessed the correlation between CA-PT and conventional PT test performance and explored the feasibility and student experiences of CA-PT in a large medical cohort. In this cross-over study medical students (n = 1432) of three Dutch medical schools participated in both a conventional PT and CA-PT. They were stratified to start with either a conventional PT or CA-PT to determine test performance. Student motivation, engagement and experiences were assessed by questionnaires in students from seven Dutch medical schools. Parallel-forms reliability was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. A strong correlation was found (0.834) between conventional PT and CA-PT test performance. The CA-PT was administered without system performance issues and was completed in a median time of 83 minutes (67-102 minutes). Questionnaire response rate was 31.7% (526/1658). Despite a higher experienced difficulty, most students reported persistence, adequate task management and good focus during the CA-PT. CA-PT provides a reliable estimation of students' ability level in less time than a conventional non-adaptive PT and is feasible in students throughout the entire medical curriculum. Despite the strong correlation between PT scores, students found the CA-PT more challenging.

Sürdürülebilir Gıda Okuryazarlığı Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlamasının Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlilik Çalışması

This study was conducted to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Sustainable Food Literacy Scale. &#x0D; The study was conducted with personnel working in Sakarya Metropolitan Municipality and trainees currently attending the training centers affiliated to the municipality. The study included a total of 533 participants. A demographic information form, and the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener, Short Food Literacy Questionnaire, and Sustainable Food Literacy Scale were used. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to analyze validity. The internal consistency coefficient, parallel form reliability, and test-retest methods were used to analyze reliability. Statistical data analysis was performed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0 package program. A significance level of p

Validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale.

The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS) among a sample of Turkish university students. This study was conducted with 291 university students. The SHIS was evaluated in terms of language equivalence, validity and the reliability. Content validity was assessed with the content validity index (CVI). Construct validity was determined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was used for the analysis of internal consistency, a Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for parallel form reliability, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for the test-retest technique. The CVI of the SHIS was between 0.80 and 1.00. When the results of the CFA were examined, the factor loadings of all items were above 0.50. A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was found between the SHIS and the Sense of Coherence (SOC) scores for parallel form reliability (r = 0.489). Within the scope of the test-retest analysis, an ICC = 0.762 was determined (p < 0.001). The findings obtained from this validity and reliability study carried out on a sample of Turkish university students showed that the SHIS was both valid and reliable.

Parallel forms reliability of two versions of the Spanish Elicited Imitation Task

Assessing proficiency in a standardized way is fundamental to second language acquisition research methodology and theory building. Ortega and colleagues’ (2002) Elicited Imitation Task (EIT), developed to measure global oral proficiency across various languages, has been supported by a body of methodological research that provides evidence that the task yields scores that are internally reliable and externally valid. However, where only one EIT has been validated for a given language, as in Spanish, the EIT's usefulness for longitudinal or repeated-measures research is limited due to possible test effects. The present study tests the parallel forms reliability of a minimally modified version of the Ortega et al. (2002) Spanish EIT (version A) and a second version (version B) designed to provide a parallel option for longitudinal research. Both versions were administered to participants (n = 96), from whom self-ratings of proficiency were also collected. Parallel forms reliability was supported by a wide variety of metrics, including comparability between the versions in terms of overall scores, internal reliability, item-level statistics, and correlations with an external measure (self-ratings of proficiency). These results provide evidence for the two versions’ parallel forms equivalence, which in our view supports their utility for longitudinal research.

GEBELİKTE VÜCUT ALGISI ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRKÇE UYARLAMASI: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

The objective of this study was to adapt the Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy Scale into the Turkish language and to examine the psychometric properties in pregnancy. The methodological study was conducted with 508 healthy pregnant women. Language validation, content validation, and pilot scheme are the three phases of cultural adaptation of the scale. The construct validity of the scale was analyzed using both Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses. The reliability of the scale was tested using parallel-form reliability, test-retest reliability, Cronbach's α coefficient of internal consistency, and item-total correlation. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis conducted supports the three-factor structure of the scale that is constructed by Exploratory Factor Analysis. We determined Cronbach’s α coefficient of internal consistency to vary between 0.78 and 0.88 for the scale total and the subscales. Besides, there was a high correlation between the parallel-form reliability, test-retest reliability, and item-total correlation of the scale. The Turkish version of Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy Scale is a validated and reliable tool designed to evaluate the body image concerns of Turkish pregnant women.

Dissociations between directly and generatively retrieved autobiographical memories: evidence from ageing

ABSTRACT Autobiographical memory research has largely focused on effortful, generative retrieval processes, particularly in cognitive ageing literature. However, recent evidence has shown that autobiographical memories are often retrieved directly, without effortful retrieval processes. In the present study, we examined the retrieval characteristics and the phenomenological qualities of directly and generatively retrieved memories in younger and older adults. Participants recalled autobiographical memories in response to word-cues and reported whether each of their memories was retrieved directly (i.e., memory popped into mind) or generatively (i.e., they actively searched for it), and provided ratings for several retrieval and phenomenological characteristics. Overall, directly retrieved autobiographical memories were recalled faster and with less effort, were more recent, more frequently rehearsed, more vivid, and more positive in valence than generatively retrieved memories. Importantly, while younger adults recalled a higher number of generatively retrieved autobiographical memories than older adults, there were no age effects on the number of directly retrieved memories. We also established the parallel-form reliability of the word-cue method in eliciting autobiographical memories by comparing two sets of word-cues. The results provide novel insights on the dissociable effects of retrieval type and ageing on autobiographical memories. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Effects of Jigsaw II and Students’ Team-Achievement Division on Performance in Secondary Schools Economics in Ilorin West Local Government, Nigeria

The knowledge of Economics plays a vital role in fostering societal development. In spite of its importance, few of the students who took Senior Secondary Certificate Examinations consistently have grade C and above each year. This performance has been traced majorly to the use of teacher centered strategies. This study aimed at determining the effects of Jigsaw II and Students’ Team-Achievement Division (STAD) on Performance in Secondary Schools Economics in Ilorin West LGA. The objectives were to: (i) investigate academic performance of students in Economics (ii) examine the effect of Jigsaw II instructional strategy in teaching Economics (iii) examine the effect of STAD in teaching Economics (iv) determine the effects of treatments Jigsaw II and STAD instructional strategies, and (v) ascertain if there was an interaction effect of gender and treatments on students’ performance in Economics in Ilorin West LGA, Nigeria. The design adopted for the study was a pre-test post-test, control group quasi-experimental design. The population of the study was all public senior secondary schools in Ilorin West LGA while the target population was students offering Economics. Using the simple random technique, three schools in Ilorin West LGA were drawn after which SSS II students were purposely sampled for the experiment. The instrument for the study was an Economics Performance Test which was face and content validated through expert judgment. Its reliability was determined using parallel forms reliability statistics with a reliability coefficient of 0.82. Research questions were analysed using descriptive statistics of mean (x̅) and skewness while the hypotheses were tested using ANCOVA statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The study concluded that STAD is effective for improving students’ academic performance in Economics. This implies that learner-centered strategy can complement other strategies to enhance teaching-learning effectiveness in Economics. The study therefore recommended that teachers should use STAD and Jigsaw II in teaching Economics, authors should make for more learner centered activities in Economics textbooks while school administrators should map-out incentives as well as recognition for teachers who go beyond the traditional method of teaching in implementing the secondary school Economics curriculum, among others.

INFLUENCE OF THE ATTITUDE OF TEACHERS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED LEARNERS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS OF RONGO SUB-COUNTY, KENYA

&lt;p&gt;Visual impairment has a negative impact on the learner’s ability to learn. In Kenya learners with visual impairment experience problems interacting with the learning environment just like other learners with other forms of impairment. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of the Attitude of Teachers on Academic Performance of Visually Impaired Learners in Primary Schools of Rongo Sub-County, Migori County, Kenya. The study was based on Bandura’s (1968) Social Cognitive Theory of learning which outlines the process of learning as a result of the surrounding environment. The study employed a descriptive survey design. The study population included 29 headteachers of public primary schools with the integrated program, 40 Special Needs Education (SNE) Teachers and 5 Curriculum Support Officers (CSOs) giving a total of 74 respondents. Purposive and Saturated sampling techniques were used to get a sample size of 29 headteachers, 40SNEteachers and 5 CSOs. Reliability of research instruments was done through piloting on 4 SNE teachers, 3 headteachers and 1 CSO in UririSub-County. Using the test-retest technique, a reliability index of 0.79 and 0.81 was attained for teachers’ and headteachers’ questionnaires respectively. The reliability test for the interview schedule was carried out by parallel-form reliability. The content validity of instruments was established by presenting the instruments to an expert for confirmation. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequencies, percentages and means and Inferential statistics of Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Chi-square. Qualitative data was analyzed based on emerging themes generated from the study objective. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Frequency and percentage tables were used to present collected data. The study established that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ attitude and teaching learning materials and academic performance at p &amp;lt;0.05. Therefore the null hypothesis was rejected and it was concluded that teachers’ attitude affect academic performance in Integrated Primary Schools in Rongo Sub-County. From the study it was recommended that teachers handling visually impaired learners should work on their attitude to improve the performance of visually impaired learners; teaching and learning materials that are relevant and appropriate should be made available to visually impaired learners in order to aid their academic performance. Research findings will assist in identifying appropriate teaching methods, teacher training, and a conducive working environment to boost teacher morale and adequate teaching and learning resources.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/soc/0025/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Children's perioperative multidimensional anxiety scale: Turkish cross-cultural adaptation.

The number of pediatric surgeries is constantly increasing. Evaluating anxiety levels in pediatric surgical patients is highly important in terms of preventing complications. The purpose of this study is to cross-culturally adapt to the Turkish version, and to test the validity and reliability of Children's Perioperative Multidimensional Anxiety Scale (CPMAS). This methodological study was carried out with 50 children aged 7-10 years who underwent surgery at Bartın Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital between September 2021 and May 2022. The self-reported CPMAS and Children's Anxiety Meter-State (CAM-S) were administered before the surgery, on the day of the surgery, and 1month after the surgery to collect data. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, parallel forms reliability, content validity, and construct validity of CPMAS were tested. Children's Perioperative Multidimensional Anxiety Scale showed a high level of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.858, 0.916, 0.864). The item-total correlation values of CPMAS were found to be 0.58-0.71 before the surgery, 0.77-0.83 on the day of the surgery, and 0.60-0.80 1 month after the surgery. CPMAS was found to be a single-factor scale explaining 65% of the variance in the examined variable. The correlations between CPMAS and CAM-S (parallel forms) were found to be 0.474 before the surgery, 0.528 on the day of the surgery, and 0.599 1 month after the surgery. The CPMAS, which was developed by Chow et al. in English, had high validity and reliability levels for Turkey. It is recommended that the scale be used by healthcare professionals in Turkey in the assessment of surgery-related anxiety in children.

Postoperative recovery in children: Turkish cross-cultural adaptation.

Postoperative recovery is an individual process involving subjective experiences. The fact that children still experience high rates of complications associated with surgery requires the discovery of new evaluation methods. No studies in Turkey have reported a measurement instrument evaluating postoperative recovery in children. The purpose of this methodological study is to cross-culturally adapt the Postoperative Recovery in Children (PRiC) instrument into the Turkish language and test the validity and reliability of its Turkish version. One hundred children (81% male) aged 4 to 12 years undergoing tonsillectomy at a hospital were included. The self-administered PRiC and Parents' Postoperative Pain Measure (PPPM) instruments were used to collect data on the 1st, 4th, and 10th days after surgery. Internal consistency, parallel-forms reliability, content validity, and construct validity of the instruments were determined. PRiC had a three-factor structure, and these factors explained 68% of the total variance in the variable it measured. It showed a high level of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.842). The item-total score correlation coefficients for 23 of the items were ≥0.30. PRiC was moderately correlated with PPPM on the 1st day after surgery (r=0.64, p < .01), on the 4th day after surgery (r=0.69, p < .01), and on the 10th day after surgery (r=0.51, p < .01). The Turkish version of PRiC has good reliability and validity. A validity and reliability study of PRiC to assess children's postoperative recovery in the context of different surgical operations should be conducted.

Psychometric properties of the Action Research Arm Test using decision rules for skipping items in hemiparetic patients after stroke: a retrospective study

Purpose Important properties have been studied using the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) in patients with stroke. However, whether the ARAT subtests constitute a Guttman scale (i.e., items hierarchically ordered according to difficulty) remains unclear. Guttman scales can define decision rules for skipping items in patients with low endurance. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the ARAT when applying decision rules for post-stroke hemiparetic patients. Methods A retrospective, single-institution study was conducted between 2020 and 2021. Datasets of 30 patients with stroke-induced hemiparesis were collected from a previous study which employed the ARAT without decision rules, Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), Box and Block Test (BBT), and Motor Activity Log (MAL). The ARAT was rescored with decision rules for this study, and inter-rater reliability/agreement, parallel forms reliability, and construct validity were assessed. Results Parallel forms reliability (Spearman’s rho) was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.99–0.99) for both raters. The lower 95% CI limits of the sum and individual item scores in the reliability analysis exceeded the planned value (0.8). Construct validity values exceeded the planned value (0.8) for FMA, BBT, and MAL. Conclusion Decision rules can be used to skip ARAT items when assessing upper extremity motor function in stroke patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION The Action Research Arm Test with decision rules for skipping items was valid and reliable for measuring upper extremity motor function in hemiparetic patients after stroke. The decision rules may reduce the burden of both patients and evaluators by decreasing the number of Action Research Arm Test items to be administrated.