The Scorpion mud turtle (Kinosternon scorpioides) is the chelonian species with the largest distribution range in the Neotropics. The species is reportedly distributed as two disjunct populations in South America: the Amazonian and the Chacoan populations. We present new records of K. s. scorpioides which represent an expansion of the species distribution, with the first records for the Upper Paraguay River basin, the first records for the Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, as well as an evidence that the two previously documented populations area not disjunct.