Paradoxical Relationship Research Articles

Pilihan Pengobatan Pada Pasien Psoriasis Dengan HIV: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematik

Psoriasis is a disease related to the immunity, usually inherited genetically and is chronic and recurring. When patients with psoriasis are infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the theory is that there is a paradoxical relationship that affects the two diseases. HIV can be a trigger for psoriasis and psoriasis can appear as an early symptom of HIV infection. The successful treatment of Psoriasis with HIV positive must be done appropriately according to the patient's condition. Here we discuss several Psoriasis therapy options in HIV positive patients based on several case reports that have a variety of different diseases. The research design is a literature review and refers to the PRISMA method. Scientific articles searchable on PubMed. There were 13 scientific articles related to Psoriasis patients who were HIV positive and met the inclusion criteria. Initial treatment of Psoriasis using biological therapy such as Risankizumab and Secukimab 300 mg subcutaneously, can change the response rate of the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index to 100 or the total loss of psoriasis lesions after a few weeks. In addition, the treatment of psoriasis together with High-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) also affects the improvement of Psoriasis.

Pilihan Pengobatan pada Pasien Psoriasis dengan HIV: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematik

Psoriasis is a disease related to the immunity, usually inherited genetically and is chronic and recurring. When patients with psoriasis are infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the theory is that there is a paradoxical relationship that affects the two diseases. HIV can be a trigger for psoriasis and psoriasis can appear as an early symptom of HIV infection. The successful treatment of Psoriasis with HIV positive must be done appropriately according to the patient's condition. Here we discuss several Psoriasis therapy options in HIV positive patients based on several case reports that have a variety of different diseases. The research design is a literature review and refers to the PRISMA method. Scientific articles searchable on PubMed. There were 13 scientific articles related to Psoriasis patients who were HIV positive and met the inclusion criteria. Initial treatment of Psoriasis using biological therapy such as Risankizumab and Secukimab 300 mg subcutaneously, can change the response rate of the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index to 100 or the total loss of psoriasis lesions after a few weeks. In addition, the treatment of psoriasis together with High-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) also affects the improvement of Psoriasis.

Paradoxical relationship between esports toxicity and toxicity tolerance: moderated mediation by gender and positive reappraisal coping

PurposeDespite the negative effects of toxicity on various aspects of esports communities, gamers continue to enthusiastically show their pride and engage with the game. Based on the stress and coping theory, the current study aims to shed light on how esports gamers cope with toxicity to develop toxicity tolerance by the mediation effect of positive reappraisal coping strategy.Design/methodology/approachA total of 456 gamers were included in the analysis. Structural equation modeling was performed to evaluate the hypothesized model. Gender differences in the toxicity-coping process were investigated using multi-group analysis.FindingsThe findings revealed the full mediation effect of positive reappraisal on the relationship between toxicity and toxicity tolerance, especially for male gamers. The empirical evidence of this study contributes to theorizing the transformative role of positive reappraisal in developing positive consumption outcomes when esports gamers experience toxicity in the game. The multi-group analysis provided further insights into differentiating the applicability and effectiveness of positive reappraisal based on gender.Originality/valueThe findings contributed to sport management and communication literature by allowing researchers and practitioners to move beyond a preventive coping mindset by facilitating a positive coping environment that encourages gamers to interpret the conversation and messages in a more positive manner.

A retrospective assessment of fuel break effectiveness for containing rangeland wildfires in the sagebrush biome

Escalated wildfire activity within the western U.S. has widespread societal impacts and long-term consequences for the imperiled sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) biome. Shifts from historical fire regimes and the interplay between frequent disturbance and invasive annual grasses may initiate permanent state transitions as wildfire frequency outpaces sagebrush communities’ innate capacity to recover. Therefore, wildfire management is at the core of conservation plans for sagebrush ecosystems, especially critical habitat for species of conservation concern such as the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter sage-grouse). Fuel breaks help facilitate wildfire suppression by modifying behavior through fuels modification and allowing safe access points for containment by firefighters. The Bureau of Land Management has proposed to roughly double the existing fuel break network in the western U.S., centered on the Great Basin. To our knowledge, no broad-scale examination of fuel break effectiveness or the environmental conditions under which fuel breaks are expected to be most effective has been conducted. We performed a retrospective assessment of probability of fuel break contributing to wildfire containment on recorded wildfire and fuel break interactions from 1985 to 2018 within the western U.S. We characterized environmental, fuels, and weather conditions within 500 m of wildfire contact, and within 5 km of the approaching wildfire. We used a binomial mixed model within a Bayesian framework to identify relationships between these variables and fuel break success. Fuel breaks were least successful in areas classified as having low resilience to disturbance and low resistance to invasion, in areas composed of primarily woody fuels, and when operating in high temperature and low precipitation conditions. Fuel breaks were most effective in areas where fine fuels dominated and in areas that were readily accessible. Maintenance history and fuel break type also contributed to the probability of containment. Overall results indicate a complex and sometimes paradoxical relationship between landscape characteristics that promote wildfire spread and those that impact fuel break effectiveness. Finally, we developed predictive maps of fuel break effectiveness by fuel break type to further elucidate these complex relationships and to inform urgently needed fuel break placement and maintenance priorities across the sagebrush biome.

Fixing Solitude

Abstract Written in three “acts” with a brief philosophical interlude, this essay offers a meditation on the crucial but all-too-often overlooked distinction between solitude and loneliness. Act 1 considers the relationship between solitude and taboo, taking up representations of solitude and the social forces behind its violent rejection in classic Hollywood melodrama. Act 2 turns to the embrace of solitude as essential to the work of philosophy, with particular attention to the writings of Maurice Blanchot, for whom solitude is a way of becoming both “someone else” and at the same time more fully in tune with oneself. The interlude introduces a brief parenthesis, intended less as a provocation and more as a clarifying interruption to distinguish between lonely and solitary modes of living. Finally, Act 3 wanders into the realm of poetics and aims to think about the strange, paradoxical relationship between collaboration and solitude; the creative, collective world-making potential of solitude.

Optimization Model of Autonomous Vehicle Parking Facilities, Developed With the Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm With an Elite Strategy 2 and by Comparing Different Moving Strategies

Fully self-driving cars, or autonomous vehicles (AVs), will have self-parking functions, which will revolutionize and reshape parking facilities in several ways. Automated parking technology could realize high-density and intensive parking space efficiency through multirow layouts and with narrower spaces per vehicle, which would completely change traditional parking facilities. Nonetheless, extra movements and congestion are generated by releasing stuck vehicles inside rows of parking spaces. Profits in parking space efficiency might be reduced by losses extra movements and congestion. This article aims to optimize the multirow and multichannel layout of parking facilities for AVs, balancing maximal space utilization and minimal movements while satisfying a designated parking demand. A new moving strategy, “first storage and shortest moving to outdistance (FSSMD),” is put forward first. Then, the geometric attributes, other movement strategies, demand characteristics, and other design elements of parking facilities are comprehensively quantified to describe the profit and loss of self-parking. An optimization model for the multirow layout of parking spaces is constructed with the dual goals of maximizing the number of berths and minimizing the number of movements. The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy 2 is designed to solve the optimal model. Finally, the optimal zones and layouts of parking facilities are put forward by numerical experiments, and the sensitivity of different moving strategies is discussed. The results show that the moving strategy based on the FSSMD significantly reduces expected movement times, without decreasing the utilization rate of parking spaces. Although having only one zone enables maximizing the number of parking berths and the utilization rate of parking facilities, such benefits and improvements might be compromised by additional movements. Therefore, the multirow optimal layout with a zoning of 4 and 2 interzone channels should be decided by assessing the paradoxical relationships between the maximal utilization rate and minimal movements.

Unraveling a paradox of habitat relationships: scale-dependent drivers of temporal occupancy-abundance relationships in a cooperatively breeding bird

ContextSpatial occupancy and local abundance of species often positively covary, but the mechanisms driving this widespread relationship are poorly understood. Resource dynamics and habitat changes have been suggested as potential drivers, but long-term studies relating them to abundance and occupancy are rare. In this 34-year study of acorn woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus), a cooperatively breeding species, we observed a paradoxical response to changes in habitat composition: despite a reduction in the availability of high-quality breeding habitat, the population increased considerably.ObjectivesWe investigated the role of annual variation in food availability and long-term changes in habitat composition as predictors of population dynamics.MethodsUsing model selection, we contrasted competing hypotheses on the effects of changing resource availability on occupancy and social group size across three spatial scales: territory, neighborhood, and landscape.ResultsThe increase in abundance was largely determined by the formation of new social groups, driven by a landscape-level expansion of canopy cover and its interaction with neighborhood-level acorn abundance, indicative of long-term increases in overall acorn productivity. Group size increased with neighborhood acorn crop two years earlier but groups were smaller in territories with more canopy cover.ConclusionsOur results indicate that scale-dependent processes can result in paradoxical relationships in systems with spatial and temporal resource heterogeneity. Moreover, the findings support the role of resources in driving changes in abundance and occupancy at a landscape scale, suggesting that colonization of marginal habitat drives the positive occupancy-abundance relationship in this cooperatively breeding species.

Review of “Prisons and Health in the Age of Mass Incarceration”

In Prisons and Health in the Age of Mass Incarceration, Jason Schnittker, Michael Massoglia, and Christopher Uggen provide a foundational and comprehensive understanding of how incarceration creates and exacerbates health disparities in the United States. This book describes how incarceration, an adverse event that is disproportionately experienced among vulnerable population groups including people of color and the poor, is a social determinant of health and wellbeing. The authors draw on more than a decade of research—much of it their own—to provide a thorough understanding of the repercussions of incarceration for people confined in carceral facilities, people reentering their families and communities after confinement, and the families and communities of currently and formerly incarcerated people. One innovative strength of this book is its focus on the paradoxical relationship between prisons and health, a paradox the authors introduce at the beginning of the book and reference throughout. The authors describe how correctional facilities are responsible for providing residents both punishment and health care (and how these two responsibilities often conflict). Medical professionals who work in prisons are responsible for upholding the conditions of confinement (such as solitary confinement, a form of segregation known to be quite damaging to mental health) and simultaneously providing care for acute and chronic physical and mental health conditions. People in prison, while enduring a loss of liberty and other rights, have a constitutional right to a particular standard of health care. It is this paradox that serves as a backdrop for understanding the relationship between incarceration and health. In highlighting this paradox, the book does a phenomenal job of describing specific aspects of health care in carceral facilities, an important descriptive point that is missing from most research on this topic. The authors describe, for example, the medical professionals who work in these facilities and the process for receiving care in these facilities. The result is a sobering assessment of the inadequate and often substandard healthcare services available to incarcerated people. The authors also describe the process (and corresponding difficulties) of receiving physical and mental health care after release from prison, which provides an even more sobering assessment of the US health care system for vulnerable groups. These accounts highlight how the health care needs of this vulnerable population are routinely ignored or overlooked.

Gut microbiota, an emergent target to shape the efficiency of cancer therapy.

It is now well-acknowledged that microbiota has a profound influence on both human health and illness. The gut microbiota has recently come to light as a crucial element that influences cancer through a variety of mechanisms. The connections between the microbiome and cancer therapy are further highlighted by a number of preclinical and clinical evidence, suggesting that these complicated interactions may vary by cancer type, treatment, or even by tumor stage. The paradoxical relationship between gut microbiota and cancer therapies is that in some cancers, the gut microbiota may be necessary to maintain therapeutic efficacy, whereas, in other cancers, gut microbiota depletion significantly increases efficacy. Actually, mounting research has shown that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating the host immune response and boosting the efficacy of anticancer medications like chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, gut microbiota modulation, which aims to restore gut microbial balance, is a viable technique for cancer prevention and therapy given the expanding understanding of how the gut microbiome regulates treatment response and contributes to carcinogenesis. This review will provide an outline of the gut microbiota's role in health and disease, along with a summary of the most recent research on how it may influence the effectiveness of various anticancer medicines and affect the growth of cancer. This study will next cover the newly developed microbiota-targeting strategies including prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to enhance anticancer therapy effectiveness, given its significance.

A paradoxical genotype-phenotype relationship: Low level of GOSR2 translation from a non-AUG start codon in a family with profound hearing loss.

A paradoxical genotype-phenotype relationship: Low level of GOSR2 translation from a non-AUG start codon in a family with profound hearing loss.

Kumlbúa þáttr, an Eschatological Event: The Traumatic Ontology of Being in Time in Medieval Iceland

<i>Kumlbúa þáttr</i>, an Eschatological Event: The Traumatic Ontology of Being in Time in Medieval Iceland

&lt;헤어질 결심&gt;에 나타난 대립적 이분법과 아이러니와 번역

The paper examines the notion of irony and its literary effects, and then considers the opposite dichotomy of the film, Decision to Leave, which is a mountain and sea story between a man and a woman, in terms of characters, objects, props, settings, and OST. It also analyzes the paradoxes and ironies that arise from the fissure between the opposing dichotomies in the film’s framework, lines, and plot. Director Park Chan-wook expands irony from a lowly, playful device to a metaphorical and paradoxical relationship between language and situation, and between author and reader, as opposed to viewing art as a heavy and serious theory like American writers in new criticism, including T. S. Eliot. The tensions, paradoxes, and contradictions that emerge from the signifier and the signified of various individuals and objects “finally” disclose the fateful inconsistency of human existence and seem to balance the two opposing elements. Due to their dichotomous properties, the Korean words “coincidence” and “upright” have a paradoxical impact, and materials such as whiskey and jellyfish appear to contribute to this effect. The contrast between red, which represents death, violence, and separation, and blue-green, which represents love, interest, and meeting, also plays a part in the film’s atmosphere. As the film is divided into its first and second sections, it can be compared to several opposing groups, such as mountains and seas, Seorae and Haejun, Suwan and Yeonsu, and Ki Dosu and Im Hoshin, thereby creating structural irony. Rather than simply being placed in a dualistic opposition, Decision to Leave elaborately discloses the truth paradoxically by combining opposing elements in a single object or expression, such as Park’s reference to it being both an investigation and a romance simultaneously. The director and screenwriter appear to meticulously arrange characters, materials, setting, and dialogue, resulting in a dense and substantial film.

Ideas about the meanings of education among students: socio-cultural peculiarities of self-regulation

The article reveals the correlation of terminal (development of abilities, need for knowledge, general culture) and instrumental (diploma, opportunity to make a career, prestige) meanings of education. It based on a comparative analysis of the ideas of higher education among students and other groups of young people in education. The methodological basis of the study is the concept of self-regulation of the life of young people. An analysis of the connections between the terminal and instrumental meanings of education and other elements of the socio-cultural mechanism of self-regulation of life activity (archetypes, mental traits, value orientations towards knowledge, habitual attitudes, subcultural meanings), belonging to the basic types of cultures made it possible to determine the trends in attitudes towards education of student and student youth. The tendency to instrumentalize the value attitude to the education of university students and young people in general is stable. It was revealed that the meanings of education correlate less significantly with archetypes and mentality. Subcultural meanings as properties of a generation, containing various kinds of “activities” and elements of demonstrative behavior, have significant connections with the instrumental meanings of education and, on the contrary, in some cases their denial – with the terminal ones. A similar paradoxical relationship between the terminal and instrumental meanings of the education of student youth is also recorded in correlations with the denial of belonging to the innovative and spiritual types of basic culture, which significantly distinguishes it from student youth. As sociocultural factors in the formation of ideas about the meanings of education of student youth, the type of settlement, the level of income, the level of education of parents are singled out. Ideas about the meanings of education of university students are considered in relation to the institutional regulation of higher education. It is concluded that the steady trend of instrumentalizing the attitude of student youth to education is consistent with such a direction of purposeful regulation of higher education as the practice orientation of educational programs. Education is understood as a means of increasing the manageability of one’s life, which means increasing the level of social certainty.

Unleashing or domesticating the vitality of citizens' initiatives? The paradoxical relationship between governments and citizens' initiatives in the energy transition

In their quest to create vital cities, West European city governments stimulate citizens to self-organize in citizens' initiatives. This trend it accompanied by conflicting scientific and governmental discourses: on the one hand, citizens' initiatives are praised for giving ‘power to the people’, on the other hand, citizens' initiatives are understood as mere ‘tools’ to roll-out government policies. By adopting a critical-constructive perspective, this study sets out to better understand the paradoxical attitudes of local governments toward the potential of CIs for stimulating urban vitality. We do so by uncovering patterns that explain the opening and closing of spaces for citizens to develop their initiatives. To this end, we conducted an in-depth case study into the relation between the local government and citizens initiatives in the energy transition in Rotterdam (the Netherlands). Our findings reveal that a configuration of different explanatory mechanisms leads to the ‘domestication’ of initiatives, which jeopardizes their unique transformative potential that can contribute to the vitality of cities.

Situating the Atrium: A Cultural Political Economy

Effectively a double-height or larger void internal to a building, the atrium is a familiar architectural feature the world over. The global popularity of the space in contemporary urban buildings – including hotels, shopping malls, casinos, hospitals, museums, galleries, libraries, schools, office blocks, and universities – is a somewhat puzzling development, and one ripe for sociological analysis. Cultural political economy (CPE) helps to explain this affinity. Using this perspective guards against reductionisms of various stripes, while rigorously situating the atrium vis-a-vis the production and circulation of material and symbolic surplus value. By facilitating inquiry into how this architectural form stabilises and furthers capitalist arrangements, CPE allows for interrogation of the atrium’s distinctive role in adding momentum and cultural meaning to contemporary urban accumulative strategies. In particular, the article draws out the atrium space’s paradoxical relationships to (i) the intensification of rentiership in very tall buildings, and (ii) with respect to the demarcation of insider–outsider boundaries underpinning elite consumption. Positioning the atrium as being reflective of attempts to both intensify and embed capitalism in the built environment, key arguments concern the meaningful, experiential and out-of-the ordinary nature of the space, As such, the article contributes to and draws from sociologies of architecture, reconciling the atrium’s materiality and meaning in a way that does not reduce either to the other.

The Other/Argentina: Jews, Gender, and Sexuality in the Making of a Modern Nation by Amy K. Kaminsky

Reviewed by: The Other/Argentina: Jews, Gender, and Sexuality in the Making of a Modern Nation by Amy K. Kaminsky Lucille Kerr Kaminsky, Amy K. The Other/Argentina: Jews, Gender, and Sexuality in the Making of a Modern Nation. State U of New York P, 2021. 244 pp. ISBN: 9781438 483290. The Other/Argentina is a masterful meditation on the relationship between "Jewishness" and "Argentineity." In the study, Kaminsky characterizes Jewishness as a "strand" of otherness that is but one of the threads woven into the fabric of Argentina as a modern nation and as "another way of being Argentine" (1, 22). The book illuminates how Jewish-identified cultural production (i.e., literature, film, visual art) weaves Jewishness into the nation's cultural and social fabric while also presenting Jewishness as a "coherent phenomenon" apart from the dominant culture. Kaminsky skillfully navigates through the paradoxical relationship between these key identifiers ("Jewishness" and "Argentineity"), offering "both close and symptomatic readings" (2) of creative works and discussions of critical and historical materials [End Page 159] that ground the primary materials. Even though Jewishness is "not entirely at one with Argentineity" (200), the study offers readers the possibility of understanding how being Jewish is "another way of being Argentine," if not also, somewhat surprisingly, how being Argentine might also be another way of being Jewish (20). Moreover, the study's title prefigures the complex superimposition of identities and differences that inform both Jewishness and Argentineity. As a book —and as a titular phrase— The Other/Argentina stages "the energizing and exhausting tension between unitary solidity on the one hand and instability and internal fracture on the other, not just of Jewishness but of Argentina as a nation" (52). In the book's eight chapters and brief concluding comments, Kaminsky produces conversational clusters among primary and secondary materials, in which she also intervenes with her own corroborative or corrective comments, focusing throughout on both Jewishness and Argentineity. As the study's subtitle signals, these conversations also reveal how "both sexuality and gender, as both lived experience and ideology, help encode" the meanings of the two primary terms (xiii). Throughout the book Kaminsky highlights the complexity and self-contradictory nature of materials by Argentines who have reflected on as well as represented Jewishness, drawing from an array of works by recognized writers, filmmakers, visual artists, and scholars. Among the writers are: Birmajer, Chejfec, Cozarinsky, Drucaroff, Feinman, Feierstein, Gelman, Glickman, Partnoy, Pizarnik, Rivera, Strejlevich, Szichman, Timerman, Viñas. Among the filmmakers: Blaustein, Burman, Lichtman, Markovitch, Neuman, Solomonoff. Among the visual artists: Brodsky, Kuitca, Kupferminc. And, among the scholars: Finchelstein, Goldberg, Jenckes, Ludmer, Rein, Sarlo. Kaminsky's orchestration of dialogue among these varied voices, as it were, is skillful, at times provocative, and consistently illuminating. Chapter 1 ("Planting Wheat and Reaping Doctors: Another Way of Being Argentine") mainly frames "the encounter between Jews and Argentina" via close reading of two foundational works about Jewishness: Alberto Gerchunoff's Los gauchos judíos (1910), "which stakes a Jewish claim to Argentina's iconic pampas" (4), and Julián Martel's antisemitic novel La bolsa (1891), which sees Jews as a threat to the modern nation's social order. Chapter 2 ("Modernity, Cosmopolitanism, and Anxiety") takes up the meanings of "Jewishness" within the framework of national discourse about modernity and the anxieties inherent in the perception of the nation as modern and civilized. These first chapters also include references to many recent works of narrative and film that dramatize the same "encounter." In addition, these chapters draw attention to issues of gender and sexuality, highlighted in the book's subtitle, and to figurations of masculinity and sexuality analyzed more extensively in the entirety of Chapter 8 ("Troubling Difference: Jewishness, Gender, and Transgressive Sexuality"). Acknowledging that "identity is not unitary" (48), in Chapter 3 ("Provisional Identity") Kaminsky takes up the difficulty of defining Jewish identity, the concept of "provisional essentialism" —which "is makeshift and temporary" but "provides a useful structure for addressing a culturally constructed, but no less real, entity" (53)— and the rationale for the selection of the study's materials. The author declares that because "Jews themselves can claim the authenticity of insider knowledge and [End Page 160] experience...

Cacaphonies: The Excremental Canon of French Literature by Annabel Kim

Reviewed by: Cacaphonies: The Excremental Canon of French Literature by Annabel Kim E. Nicole Meyer Kim, Annabel. Cacaphonies: The Excremental Canon of French Literature. UP of Minnesota, 2022. ISBN 978-1-5179-1088-4. Pp. 289. Brilliantly argued and written, Kim's book proposes daringly different readings to canonical authors ranging from Louis-Ferdinand Céline to Daniel Pennac. Her opening sentence, "French literature is full of shit," immediately engages the reader. What follows does not disappoint. Through its transgression of boundaries, its potential to invigorate narrative, and its ability to reframe the materiality of language, excrement exudes power in the literary context according to Kim. While focusing primarily on twentieth- and twenty-first-century French literature, Cacaphonies displays deep erudition, compelling theoretical support, and convincing critiques of other critics' misreading and dematerializing of shit through the imposition of psychic or other misfitting structures upon it. In addition, she recognizes the import of literary predecessors such as François Rabelais. Arguing that defecation in Céline's Mort à crédit is intimately linked to the lack of time, Kim convincingly argues that the material experience of defecation communicates Céline's struggle against death. Much like his later anti-Semitic political writings that color how this author is read, shit sticks to whatever surface it encounters. Kim deftly addresses Céline's failings while providing a riveting analysis of his essential role in both challenging and reframing what French literature is and what language can do. Samuel Beckett's Malloy transforms the concrete excrement of this predecessor to the passing of air. While both feces and farts pass through the anus, Beckett shifts the paradoxical relation of shit to the food that it once was, sending us out of the body, according to Kim. Although Jean-Paul Sartre's Saint Genet caused a definitive break between him and Jean Genet, the former's L'enfance d'un chef (1939) and the latter's Notre-Dame-des-Fleurs (1943) "mobilize fecality" to express the importance of freedom as these two pivotal authors see it. Turning to Holocaust-related narratives Kim turns to Marguerite Duras and Romain Gary. Marguerite Duras's La douleur illustrates the impact of the inhumane violation of human dignity upon the body. A close reading of Duras's description of her husband's inhuman, bubbling, viscous, slimy defecation bespeaks of the unspeakable experiences of the concentration camps. The formless nature of this voluminous matter expelled from her husband exceeds Duras's understanding as well as our own. Kim's reading of this scene points to how life and death are blurred, and how the act of wiping assimilates the person doing the wiping to the one who is wiped. In Kim's words, "shit is truly the leveler of difference" (159). Moving into the twenty-first century, her brilliant reading of Garréta's Dans l'béton exposes the political impact of this work. Garréta's antihierarchal, anti-difference approach and exposure of the pervasive social and cultural structures that exclude others reveal the ways this innovative author works with and against language. In Journal d'un corps, Daniel Pennac's displacement [End Page 278] of chronology contributes to how he places literature between propreté and propriété. Annabel Kim calls for a "caca communism" that understands feces and literary language as a shared corporeal experience. A must-read, Cacaphonies provides a truly insightful, engaging, and joyful reading experience. [End Page 279] E. Nicole Meyer Augusta University (GA) Copyright © 2023 American Association of Teachers of French

Abstract P267: Examining the Relationship Between Historic Redlining and Contemporary Coronary Heart Disease Prevalence

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the United States (US). Evidence supports adverse neighborhood conditions as a contributor to CHD. However, the impact of discriminatory housing practices, including historic redlining, on CHD across US cities remains understudied. Methods: Data on CHD for US cities were downloaded from the 500 Cities Project. We merged this data with census tract historic redlining data from the Mapping Inequality Project and census tract level demographic data from the American Community Survey. We used linear regressions to examine relationships between historic redlining scores and CHD adjusting for census tract level covariates. Results: 12 cities from the US were included in the analyses. After controlling for covariates, these relationships' strength and significance varied by city and region. In the Northeast/Mid-Atlantic region (Boston, Baltimore, and New York), increases in redlining scores were associated with increases in the proportion of people with CHD (Table). In the Midwest, increases in redlining scores were associated with increases in the proportion of people with CHD in Detroit and Cleveland; this relationship was significant in Detroit and marginally significant in Cleveland. There were no significant associations in Chicago. In the South, census tracts with higher redlining scores were associated with higher CHD prevalence in Miami. Paradoxical relationships were seen in Atlanta where higher redlining scores were associated with a lower proportion of people with CHD; there were no significant associations in Dallas. In the West, increases in redlining scores were associated with increases in the proportion of people with CHD in Los Angeles; relationships were not statistically significant in San Francisco or Seattle. Discussion: This is one of the first studies to suggest differential impact of historic redlining on CHD across US cities. Additional research is needed to examine potential mechanisms that explain these associations.

Towards a posthumanistic knowledge production. Multimedia artistic research during the rise of neoliberalism in Mexico

ABSTRACT Although for the government officials who inaugurated the state-run Centro Multimedia (CMM) in 1994 in Mexico City it had less to do with artistic experimentation than with the promotion of a neoliberal agenda of national modernization and competitiveness, CMM has come to embody a reformulation in artistic research and education via new media. Focusing on one specific form of knowledge production that CMM promoted – the Biomediations Festival and its proposal of an open-ended Living Book – this article will conceptually frame CMM as a space of artistic research that appropriated and circulated academic knowledge. It will also argue that the way in which it translated that knowledge has strengthened the path towards what shall be termed posthumanistic knowledge circulation. CMM’s paradoxical relationship with the neoliberal agenda in which it originated made room for a posthumanistic ethos that has challenged acquired notions of author, knowledge, and ownership that are the backbone of the hegemonic global copyright laws prevailing since the rise of neoliberalism during the 1990s.

Beyond the trade-offs on Facebook: the underlying mechanisms of privacy choices

The theory of privacy calculus in terms of the trade-offs between benefits and risks is believed to explain people’s willingness to disclose private information online. However, the phenomenon of privacy paradox, referring to the preference-behavior inconsistency, misfits the risk–benefit analysis. The phenomenon of privacy paradox matters because it reflects an illusion of personal control over privacy choices. The anomaly of privacy paradox is perhaps attributed to cognitive heuristics and biases in making privacy decisions. We consider the stability-instability of privacy choices is better used to explain the underlying mechanisms of paradoxical relationship. A rebalanced trade-off, referring to the embeddedness of “bridging” and “bonding” social support in privacy calculus, is derived to develop the risk–benefit paradigms to explain the underlying mechanisms. In this study we address the underlying mechanisms of privacy choices in terms of self-disclosure and user resistance. To test the hypotheses (or mechanisms) of the research model, we developed the instrument by modifying previous scales. A general sample of 311 experienced Facebook users was collected via online questionnaire survey. From the empirical results, perceived benefits based on information support rather than emotion support can motivate self-disclosure willingness. In contrast, privacy risks rather than privacy concerns inhibit the willingness to disclose private information. The risk–benefit paradigms instead of the imbalanced trade-offs help to explain the instability of privacy choices where privacy calculus sticks with the stability view. Implications for the theory and practice of privacy choices are discussed accordingly.