Natural Paradigm Research Articles

Regulatory framework for prosociality development in a modern Russian comprehensive school

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to develop prosocial behavior in young people as one of the main conditions for developing harmonious social relations in modern Russian society. The global trend toward implementing the idea of prosociality in education as a tool for developing prosocial communities is supported by leading global institutions and projects focused on the education system and upbringing of young people (for example, OECD Future of Education and Skills 2030, Global Education Futures). The study aims to identify the regulatory conditions for developing prosociality in a modern Russian comprehensive school. Materials and methods. The source base of the study was the regulatory documents defining the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of education and upbringing in comprehensive schools (federal laws, decrees of the government of the Russian Federation, the Federal State Educational Standard of Basic General Education, the Concepts of academic subjects “Fundamentals of the Spiritual and Moral Culture of the Peoples of Russia”, “History of Russia”, “Social Science”, methodological recommendations and materials developed by the Ministry of Education, and administrative documents of the central education authorities in the Russian Federation). During the study, a systematic approach was used, as well as scientific research methods: textual analysis, the comparison method, and the historical and genetic method. Results. The studied corpus of documents displayed normative regulation of activities to develop prosociality as a moral quality in line with the paradigm of the humanistic nature of education. Forming the civic activity of schoolchildren as an integral part of prosocial behavior is possible through the participation of schoolchildren in solving national problems, primarily in the format of volunteering. The greatest attention in Russian legislation is paid to issues of patriotic education of youth. Conclusion. A phenomenon of modern education is prosocial attitudes being introduced into the consciousness of young people, understood as a person’s ability to help others, take an active civic position, and act in the external environment.

Latvian reflexive and non-reflexive verbs and action nouns with <i>paš-</i> ‘self-’

The author continues to address issues of Latvian reflexive and non-reflexive verbs compounded with paš- ‘self-’ and their action nouns. A mass media database search yielded 210 reflexive verbs and 39 non-reflexive verbs compounded with paš-, as well as 290 reflexive and 160 non-reflexive action nouns compounded with paš-. The functionality of paš-compounded reflexive verbs and nouns is facilitated through the interaction of the reflexive and emphatic semantics delivered by both the reflexive marker and paš-. For the non-reflexive verbs and action nouns, it may convey the causative semantics “subject someone/something to the autonomous action named by the verbal base” or the exclusive semantics “by oneself”. Although verbal derivation with paš- is a peripheral phenomenon in Latvian, reflexive verbs and nouns compounded with paš- provide insights into the intersection of verbal and nominal derivations. Paš- does not function fully in verbal derivation because of the sparse distribution of compound verbs. Instead, it demonstrates activity in the nominal domain as an action noun. For 53.4 % of the reflexive action nouns and 74.3 % of the non-reflexive action nouns, corresponding reflexive and non-reflexive verbs are not attested in the mass media database, which suggests the backformation of some paš-verbs due to the paradigmatic nature of the derivation verb – action noun. Paš- demonstrates its derivational potential from the nominal domain to the verbal domain, and action nouns with -šan- can be regarded as derived via this route.

Artistic Strategies of Ecological Care Work: Marwa Arsanios, Cecylia Malik, and Diana Lelonek

Abstract In ecofeminist contemporary art, the role of women in patriarchal societies and the paradigm of wounded nature in need of care are closely connected. Referring to Maria Puig de la Bellacasa’s concepts of ecological care and soil time, I explore three artistic strategies by Marwa Arsanios, Cecylia Malik, and Diana Lelonek, dealing with seed conservation, protests against deforestation, and the collective harvesting of post-industrial landscapes. On the basis of these forms of women’s ecological care between mother, land cultivator, caregiver, and “maintenance provider,” it is worth asking which layers of the work are visible. How is the critique of the gendered division of labor expressed and does it go beyond the established narratives of the connection between woman, earth, and fertility

Menu fatigue: Exploring an obscure concept with problem-centred expert interviews

The study aims to explore menu fatigue by defining its dimensions and the actors involved. It also aims to establish a model that reflects the paradigmatic nature of the concept. Given the paucity of literature to support the objectives, it was considered appropriate to conduct the study using a qualitative research approach. Accordingly, a grounded theory approach with problem-centred expert interviews was used to collect data, which is recommended for investigating issues that are not clearly defined and not well established, with the direct contribution of those who have sufficient knowledge of the concept being researched. First, the "what" and "who" questions were put to the only actor identified in the literature, the customer. In this way, the definition of menu fatigue was broadened and other actors to be studied were identified. Similar questions were asked of other actors such as administrative and owner/manager chefs, kitchen staff and service staff, who were also found to be affected. This cumulative approach made it possible to select 24 experts to contribute to the study. Participants were identified through purposive and theoretical sampling. The results of the two-stage coding showed that menu fatigue is not only about monotony, which is the only dimension associated with the concept in the literature, but also about excessiveness, appearance and extra effort. While previous literature accepted menu fatigue in industrial settings as an issue of customer boredom and perceived monotony, the current paper extended the concept to include newly explored dimensions and actors. Secondly, the highlighted dimensions and actors were linked to their occurrence and subsequent outcomes to be presented in a model of menu fatigue that provides a more comprehensive understanding of the issue. The paper concludes with implications for both academic and industrial practitioners.

Toward Sustainable Water Governance? Taking Stock of Paradigms, Practices, and Sustainability Outcomes

ABSTRACTGovernance is key to ensuring the sustainability of water systems in the long run. With the recognition of the complexities inherent in governing water resources, new and diverse governance models have started to emerge and be diffused to various contexts. This systematic review explores 223 cases from 165 studies on water governance and sustainability. We assess the cases based on water governance paradigms and how these paradigms relate to governance characteristics, water‐related problématiques, and sustainability outcomes. Our results indicate a lack of knowledge cumulation and patterns connecting problématiques (e.g., “groundwater exploitation in agriculture”) and paradigms (e.g., “community‐based management”). We found that the “integrated approach to water management” was the most common paradigm, and paradigms might manifest with various governance characteristics, some of which may not fully align with the paradigm's fundamental principles. While certain paradigms, such as “integrated approach to water management,” “participatory and collaborative governance,” and “community‐based management,” are mostly associated with better sustainability outcomes, these successes should be interpreted cautiously due to the context‐sensitive nature of paradigms and potential biases in the reviewed studies. These findings provide a basis for further diagnostic work and suggest the need for more nuanced approaches to water governance and sustainability.

Federated Node Classification over Distributed Ego-Networks with Secure Contrastive Embedding Sharing.

Federated learning on graphs (a.k.a., federated graph learning- FGL) has recently received increasing attention due to its capacity to enable collaborative learning over distributed graph datasets without compromising local clients' data privacy. In previous works, clients of FGL typically represent institutes or organizations that possess sets of entire graphs (e.g., molecule graphs in biochemical research) or parts of a larger graph (e.g., sub-user networks of e-commerce platforms). However, another natural paradigm exists where clients act as remote devices retaining the graph structures of local neighborhoods centered around the device owners (i.e., ego-networks), which can be modeled for specific graph applications such as user profiling on social ego-networks and infection prediction on contact ego-networks. FGL in such novel yet realistic ego-network settings faces the unique challenge of incomplete neighborhood information for non-ego local nodes since they likely appear and have different sets of neighbors in multiple ego-networks. To address this challenge, we propose an FGL method for distributed ego-networks in which clients obtain complete neighborhood information of local nodes through sharing node embeddings with other clients. A contrastive learning mechanism is proposed to bridge the gap between local and global node embeddings and stabilize the local training of graph neural network models, while a secure embedding sharing protocol is employed to protect individual node identity and embedding privacy against the server and other clients. Comprehensive experiments on various distributed ego-network datasets successfully demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed embedding sharing method on top of different federated model sharing frameworks, and we also provide discussions on the potential efficiency and privacy drawbacks of the method as well as their future mitigation.

Mosaic of Meaning: A Redemptive Reading of Genesis 3:16 in Light of Its Biblical Contexts and Inter-Texts

This paper provides a fresh redemptive reading of Gen 3:16, viewed in light of a whole mosaic of canonical contexts and intertextual connections. These include, among others, the full equality without hierarchy of man and woman in Gen 1–2; the paradigmatic nature of egalitarian marriage with mutual submission between husband and wife in Gen 2:18–24; the rupture of husband–wife relationships in Gen 3:6–13; the covenant lawsuit of Gen 3:14–19; the meaning of mashal in Gen 1:16–18 and 4:7; the meaning of teshuqah and grammatical–syntactical parallels and contrasts in Gen 4:7 and Song 7:11 (Eng. v. 10); the redemptive aspects of the woman and her seed in Gen 3:15; and the intertextual connections with New Testament passages. Considering this mosaic of contexts and connections, it is suggested that Gen 3:16 must be viewed only in reference to marriage; it is never broadened to include man–woman gender relationships in general. In Gen 3:16, God provides a temporary, remedial measure to preserve harmony and unity in a ruptured marriage relationship, with an implicit call for husbands and wives to return as soon as possible from the mashal–teshuqah relationship to the paradigmatic egalitarian marriage set forth in Gen 2:24. This return to the divine creation ideal for marriage is empowered by the redemptive promises of Gen 3:15, confirmed in the reversal of the Gen 3:16 marital relationship articulated in the Song of Songs—the inspired commentary on Gen 1–3—particularly Song 7:11 [Eng. v. 10]), and reaffirmed in the consistent citations of Gen 2:24 (and not Gen 3:16) in the NT (Matt 19:5, 6; Eph 5:31).

The camp, the zone, and sovereign sediments: Querying paradigms through the politics of Made-in-Italy agribusiness operations

The article questions the paradigmatic nature ascribed to “the zone”—and the concomitant dismissal of the camp's—by some analyses of the politics of capital's operations, and problematizes the very notion of the paradigm. Elaborating on previous reflections concerning contemporary agro-industrial zones in Italy, the article rethinks camps against state-centric and exceptionalist readings that consider them purely as sites of exclusion. At the same time, it retains a stress on the symbolic dimension of forms of containment and extraction, going beyond a narrow political-economic approach. The zone and the camp, it is argued, are mutually imbricated “infrastructure spaces” of present-day agro-capital's operations, which, however, result from the sedimentation of spatialized techniques for labor disciplining, reproduction, and containment that have developed alongside capitalist forms of agriculture throughout the contemporary period. The camp is thus defined as a function of the political, sovereign dimensions of extraction, that may operate within but also beyond the state. Furthermore, it is underlain by differential attributions of humanness, and therefore by a specific biopolitical anthropology. Engaging in a genealogy of the (humanitarian and/as labor) camps that today proliferate in agro-industrial zones, I argue that to understand the spatial formations emerging from and sustaining the politics of contemporary capital operations a recursive analytics is necessary, that thus questions the purchase of paradigms on the grounds of their atemporality and complicates the positing of mere historical continuities.

Neutrino Masses from Generalized Symmetry Breaking

We explore generalized global symmetries in theories of physics beyond the standard model. Theories of Z′ bosons generically contain “noninvertible” chiral symmetries, whose presence indicates a natural paradigm to break this symmetry by an exponentially small amount in an ultraviolet completion. For example, in models of gauged lepton family difference such as the phenomenologically well motivated U(1)Lμ−Lτ, there is a noninvertible lepton number symmetry which protects neutrino masses. We embed these theories in gauged non-Abelian horizontal lepton symmetries, e.g., U(1)Lμ−Lτ⊂SU(3)H, where the generalized symmetries are broken nonperturbatively by the existence of lepton family magnetic monopoles. In such theories, either Majorana or Dirac neutrino masses may be generated through quantum gauge theory effects from the charged lepton Yukawas, e.g., yν∼yτexp(−Sinst). These theories require no bevy of new fields nor additional global symmetries but are instead simple, natural, and predictive: The discovery of a lepton family Z′ at low energies will reveal the scale at which Lμ−Lτ emerges from a larger gauge symmetry. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Merangkul Feminis Cegah Ketidakadilan pada Istri dalam Kehidupan Rumah Tangga

Women suffer injustice not only through discrimination in the public world, but also through the way work is organized and income distribution within the family itself. The cruelest discrimination against women occurs when they have a family. Qualitative research method with a natural paradigm that relies on phenomenology. The approaches used are gender, intrinsic and anthropological approaches. The results show that family life patterns limit women's opportunities in many ways, by assigning them to unpaid work with low prestige; by not giving them equal opportunities for outside employment and education; by being forced to do most or all of the housework and childcare even though they also get paid. What is most disturbing is the suffering of women due to the altruism of marriage itself.

The Educational Paradigm as a Conceptual Model of Developing Competencies During Learning

The article discusses the paradigmatic nature of today’s education. A detailed analysis of the problem in question reveals that the competency-based paradigm takes the lead role in the paradigm complex. It is profoundly and extensively responsible for executing the social requirement of society and the state regarding teaching, upbringing and value-shaping of children in educational institutions. The goal of revising and updating secondary education is to enhance its quality and bring it in line with international standards. The entire structure of paradigms in secondary education is the primary source of its objective transformation, which highlights the relevance of this article. The research process shows that the overall cultural and professional competencies of educators are shaped when the competency-based paradigm is integrated with the knowledge-oriented, personal and cultural ones. During the learning process, these competencies assist in the formation of individuals, experts and citizens who can take effective action in the name of societal interests. Research methods include analysis, synthesis, as well as explanatory, scientific and descriptive methods. Importantly, this article is the outcome of looking into the conceptual model of producing a qualified individual through the educational process, which was grounded in scientific inquiries into the mentioned problem. Although all aspects have not been completely explored, the obtained results serve as a critical basis for forming fundamental ideas and meaningful lines of the study.

Decoherence and Momentum Relaxation in Fermi-Polaron Rabi Dynamics: A Kinetic Equation Approach.

Despite the paradigmatic nature of the Fermi-polaron model, the theoretical description of its nonlinear dynamics poses challenges. Here, we apply a quantum kinetic theory of driven polarons to recent experiments with ultracold atoms, where Rabi oscillations between a Fermi-polaron state and a noninteracting level were reported. The resulting equations separate decoherence from momentum relaxation, with the corresponding rates showing a different dependence on microscopic scattering processes and quasiparticle properties. We describe both the polaron ground state and the excited repulsive-polaron state and we find a good quantitative agreement between our predictions and the available experimental data without any fitting parameter. Our approach not only takes into account collisional phenomena, but also it can be used to study the different roles played by decoherence and the collisional integral in the strongly interacting highly imbalanced mixture of Fermi gases.

Spectroscopic Study of [Mg, H, N, C, O] Species: Implications for the Astrochemical Magnesium Chemistry.

Magnesium is an abundant metal element in space, and magnesium chemistry has vital importance in the evolution of interstellar medium (ISM) and circumstellar regions, such as the asymptotic giant branch star IRC+10216 where a variety of Mg compounds bearing H, C, N, and O have been detected and proposed as the important components in the gas-phase molecular clouds and solid-state dust grains. Herein, we report the formation and infrared spectroscopic characterization of the Mg-bearing molecules HMg, [Mg, N, C], [Mg, H, N, C], [Mg, N, C, O], and [Mg, H, N, C, O] from the reactions of Mg/Mg+ and the prebiotic isocyanic acid (HNCO) in the solid neon matrix. Based on their thermal diffusion and photochemical behavior, a complex reactivity landscape involving association, decomposition, and isomerization reactions of these Mg-bearing molecules is developed, which can not only help understand the chemical processes of the magnesium (iso)cyanides in astrochemistry but also provide implications on the presence of magnesium (iso)cyanates in the ISM and the chemical model for the dust grain surface reactions. It also provides a new paradigm of the key intermediate nature of the cationic complexes in the formation of neutral interstellar species.

Action Observation with Rhythm Imagery (AORI): A Novel Paradigm to Activate Motor-Related Pattern for High-Performance Motor Decoding.

The Motor Imagery (MI) paradigm has been widely used in brain-computer interface (BCI) for device control and motor rehabilitation. However, the MI paradigm faces challenges such as comprehension difficulty and limited decoding accuracy. Therefore, we propose the Action Observation with Rhythm Imagery (AORI) as a natural paradigm to provide distinct features for high-performance decoding. Twenty subjects were recruited in the current study to perform the AORI task. Spectral-spatial, temporal and time-frequency analyses were conducted to investigate the AORI-activated brain pattern. Task-discriminant component analysis (TDCA) was utilized to perform multiclass motor decoding. The results demonstrated distinct lateralized ERD in the alpha and beta bands, and clear lateralized steady-state movement-related rhythm (SSMRR) at the movement frequencies and their first harmonics. The activated brain areas included frontal, sensorimotor, posterior parietal, and occipital regions. Notably, the decoding accuracy reached 92.16% ± 7.61% in the four-class scenario. We proposed the AORI paradigm, revealed the activated motor-related pattern and proved its efficacy for high-performance motor decoding. These findings provide new possibilities for designing a natural and robust BCI for motor control and motor rehabilitation.

Resilience and the shift of paradigm in ecology: a new name for an old concept or a different explanatory tool?

In the shift from the balance of nature to the flux of nature paradigm, the concept of resilience has gained great traction in ecology. While it has been suggested that the concept of resilience does not imply a genuine departure from the balance of nature paradigm, I shall argue against this stance. To do so, I first show that the balance of nature paradigm and the related conception of a single-state equilibrium relies on what Eliot Sober has named the "Natural State Model (NSM)", suggesting that the NSM has instead been dismissed in the flux of nature paradigm. I then focus on resilience as the main explanatory concept of the flux paradigm. After distinguishing between two main different understandings of "resilience", namely engineering resilience and ecological resilience, I argue that the former is close to the concept of balance or stabilityand still part of the NSM, while the latter is not. Finally, I claim that ecological resilience is inconsistent with the NSM, concluding that this concept-being incompatible with the NSM-is not part of the balance of nature paradigm but rather a genuinely new explanatory tool.

Paradigms and Different Types of Research

The structure of the research processes is represented according to the paradigmatic nature of the researcher's knowledge and two major differentiation criteria: the DIACHRONIC Structure and the SYNCHRONOUS Structure. Every investigative process varies according to its evolution over time for the first structure and how it is considered an independent process over time, according to the second structure (Padrón, 1992). Researchers throughout the history of science have developed, shared, and worked under a worldview of reality that has led them to a system of beliefs around knowledge as ways of accessing and producing the knowledge that they come to be the different paradigms. This belief system has been very divergent from each other in different eras of science. Whether or not it coincides is determined by that paradigmatic vision, which in turn explains the techniques, procedures, types of samples, methods, and language used, among other things.

Theoretical Foundations of the Foreign Policy of Latin American Nations

Autonomy has always been the focus of theoretical research in the field of international relations and foreign policy of Latin American countries. At the same time, deepening and strengthening cooperation with neighbors in the region has traditionally been an unshakable priority for all Latin American states, around which their entire foreign policy was built. The article considers the crucial stages of development that the concept of autonomy has gone through in the framework of international relations theories developed by Latin American scholars. Simultaneously, the changing role and essential characteristics of integration are studied as a process that modifies its direction under the pressure of various external and internal forces. The author analyzes the key theoretical approaches of Latin American countries to the study of international relations and foreign policy in the period from the middle of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century. The research also considers the determining factors influencing the evolution of the intra­regional and extra­regional directions as regards the foreign policy of the states in the region. Identifying the system of elements that form the core of modern Latin American foreign policy and combining global and national components allow us to determine the substantial changes in the paradigmatic nature of international relations, which is the key to understanding the modern activities of Latin American countries in the international arena, substantiating the relevance and novelty of this study. The author examines five main stages in the evolution of the concept of autonomy, which have become a reflection of real historical events. Each of them is interconnected with the concept of integration in its own way: the first stage was characterized by the prevalence of a realistic approach; the second stage was marked by the strategy of "development coming from within"; during the third stage, the concept of relative autonomy dominated; the fourth stage was characterized by the dominance of two approaches: separatist and relative; the fifth stage takes place under the slogan of the concept of «liquid autonomy».

The Paradigmatic Nature of Social and Human Research

The Paradigmatic Nature of Social and Human Research

Diffusing the legal conceptions of the global south and decolonizing international law: crystallizing animal rights through inter-judicial dialogue

Global environmental law is characterized by Eurocentric cultural paradigms that perceive humanity as external and superior to Nature. This supremacy over Nature reflects a legacy of Western colonial domination. Accordingly, environmental regulations have been complicit in sustaining the paradigms that have given rise to the Anthropocene. It is against this backdrop that this article seeks to investigate how global environmental law could engage in transformative reform by embracing Southern epistemologies, particularly through the legal subjectivisation of Nature, i.e. by conceptualizing Nature as subjects of rights. Rooted in Indigenous worldviews, the emerging Rights of Nature movement provides a critical opportunity to re-envision global environmental law through historically colonized and marginalized forms of knowledge. In particular, this article explores the instrumentality of litigation to act as a catalyst for diffusing Southern conceptions in Eurocentric legal cultures to decolonize international law. This article specifically analyzes the animal rights dimension of the broader Rights of Nature paradigm. It argues that the recent wave of litigation awarding rights to animals - primarily in the Global South - reflects an evolving inter-judicial dialogue between domestic judges, whose interactions could potentially feed into a cosmopolitan global jurisprudence for animal rights in a bottom-up manner, which captures the plurality of ways of understanding and conceptualizing Nature.

FIRST PROJECT OF BIODIVERSITY RESTORATION OF COASTAL AREAS IN POLAND

Increasingly difficult relations with Russia have triggered the construction of an independent passage from the Baltic Sea to the Polish part of Vistula Lagoon, operational since Sept. 2022. The Polish part of the lagoon is a NATURA2000 site, so environmental disturbances requires compensation measures, one of which is the 1st coastal biodiversity restoration project. It is based on the building with nature paradigm. Experience gained during implementation of this pilot can be treated as a more general learning process towards achieving excellence in biodiversity restoration in basins, mostly lagoons and estuaries, located in moderate latitudes.