Technological Paradigm Research Articles

Urban quantum leap: A comprehensive review and analysis of quantum technologies for smart cities

Contemporary smart city solutions rely on standardized von Neumann architecture, in which single data units are coded as “0” or “1.” Conversely, urban quantum technologies rely on the fundamental principles of quantum physics, transcending the conventions of the current computational paradigm. On the one hand, urban quantum technologies hold managerial relevance for future smart cities. On the other hand, they are often overlooked by smart city researchers. Accordingly, their value as a breakthrough technological paradigm is still largely unexplored. In this article, we look at how quantum technologies may contribute to existing smart city solutions, including the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, ICT, smart transportation, artificial intelligence, and blockchain. First, through a semi-systematic review of eighty articles on quantum computing within the social science domain, we identify two relevant classes of urban quantum technologies: quantum communication and quantum computing. Second, we establish a comprehensive taxonomy of conventional smart city solutions based on the automated content analysis of 567 abstracts of articles on the technological aspects of smart cities. Third, we investigate potential associations between two classes of technologies (conventional smart city solutions and urban quantum technologies) by analyzing the semantic relationships between eighty articles on quantum technologies according to the frequency of keywords denoting different types of conventional smart city solutions. Finally, we triangulate our findings through a thematic analysis of potential uses of quantum technologies within identified categories of smart city solutions.

Characterization of Low-Latency Next-Generation eVTOL Communications: From Channel Modeling to Performance Evaluation

Next-generation wireless communication networks are expected to offer extremely high data rates supported by very low latency and radically new applications, which require a new wireless radio technology paradigm. However, it is crucial to assist the radio link over the fast varying and highly dynamic channel to satisfy the diverse requirements of next-generation wireless networks. Recently, communication via autonomous electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) has gained momentum, owing to its potential for cost-effective network deployment. It is considered one of the most promising technologies conceived to support smart radio terminals. However, to provide efficient and reliable communications between ground base stations and eVTOLs as well as between eVTOLs and other eVTOLs, realistic eVTOL channel models are indispensable. In this paper, we propose a nonstationary geometry-based stochastic channel model for eVTOL communication links. The proposed eVTOL channel model framework considers time-domain nonstationarity and arbitrary eVTOL trajectory and is sufficiently general to support versatile C bands. One of the critical challenges for eVTOL is the fast vertical takeoff and landing flight patterns affecting the regular propagation communication channel. Moreover, we present a new method for estimating the SNR over the non-stationary fast dynamic time-variant eVTOL channel by utilizing the sliding window adaptive filtering technique. Furthermore, we present an information–theoretic approach to characterize the end-to-end transmission delay over the eVTOL channel and prove that the optimal transmission scheme strongly depends upon the eVTOL link configuration. In addition, to analyze the occurrence of deep fade regions in eVTOL links, we analyze the outage probability, which is an important performance metric for wireless channels operating over dynamic fading channels, and make an important observation that the outage probability increases non-linearly with the eVTOL height. Furthermore, we consider the commercially available eVTOL specifications and data to validate the channel model and analyze the Doppler shift and latency for the exponential acceleration and exponential deceleration velocities profiles during the takeoff and landing operation. This paper provides a new and practical approach for the design, optimization, and performance evaluation of future eVTOL-assisted next-generation wireless communications.

ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL RESEARCH TRENDS IN THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) AREA WITH NETWORK MAP TECHNIQUE

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative technology paradigm that connects billions of devices, enabling seamless communication and data exchange. The study used the Web of Science Core Collection database to uncover global research trends in the IoT. The data in the study were visualized using the VOSviewer software, and bibliometric analysis was performed using the network map technique. The study aims to examine global research trends in IoT, examine IoT-related studies in social sciences, examine the status of IoT studies, especially in management and public administration, and guide researchers who aim to work on this subject. In the study, 87,397 studies on IoT between 2002 and 2022 were examined, and 1162 studies were included by limiting the studies to management and public administration. Studies were categorized and analyzed concerning fields of study, departments, years of publication, keywords, authors, and the most cited authors.

Investigation of the Manufacturing Orientation Impact on the Mechanical Properties of Composite Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Elements in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process.

This article examines the mechanical properties and compatibility of selected composite materials produced with RP technology and the FFF-fused filament fabrication process. The article scales sophisticated modern materials based on PLA-polylactic acid-plastic and its composite variants. The research is carried out on the 3D FFF printer Felix 3.1 with a dual extruder, which works on the "open-source" principle. In this research, elements of the paradigm and methodology of the processing technology for RP were applied; they were implemented according to EN ISO 527 and ISO 2602 standards. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of 3D-printing strategy on the mechanical properties of 5 types of PLA composites. The results of this research solve the material compatibility problem, primarily through experimental testing of different combinations of filaments in different printing directions. Analysis of the experimental data showed correlations between the choice of printing strategy and mechanical properties, mainly tensile strength of the selected filaments. The research results show the influence of the printing orientation on mechanical properties of 3D printed samples: parts extruded in length orientation showed higher values of tensile strength compared to parts made in width and height. The CarbonPLA material exhibited 10 times higher tensile strength when printed in length compared to samples.

Lessons from Reality on Automated Container Terminals: What Can Be Expected from Future Technological Developments?

Automating container terminals is a consolidated trend in the port sector that is expected to grow. The main drivers for this growth are improving efficiency, reducing operating costs, remedying labor shortages, and increasing productivity. However, in practice there is no clear evidence confirming that automated terminals outperform conventional ones in handling productivity rates, cycle times, or vessel berthing times. Both the academic corpus and industry data show mixed results. Based on that, the goal of this article is to research productivity rates and factors affecting productivity, and understand to what extent future technological developments can enhance automated terminals. To do so, several sources of information are used and analyzed to shed light on the real productivity performance. The main conclusion gives no strong evidence linking automation with greater productivity, even though it might reduce terminal operators’ costs. In fact, in many instances, productivity is worse. Moreover, currently, semi-automated terminals are still preferred to fully automated terminals because of better handling times. However, it is expected that future technological developments will likely overcome the current issues faced by automated terminals, when a technological paradigm shift takes places.

Development and validation of natural user interfaces for semantic enrichment of BIM models using open formats

PurposeDespite the technological paradigm shift presented to the architecture, engineering, construction and operations sector (AECO), the full-fledged acceptance of the building information modelling (BIM) methodology has been slower than initially anticipated. Indeed, this study aims to acknowledge the need for increasing supportive technologies enabling the use of BIM, attending to available human resources, their requirements and their tasks.Design/methodology/approachA complete case study is described, including the development process centred on design science research methodology followed by the usability assessment procedure validated by construction projects facility management operational staff.FindingsResults show that participants could interact with BIM using openBIM processes and file formats naturally, as most participants reached an efficiency level close to that expected for users already familiar with the interface (i.e. high-efficiency values). These results are consistent with the reported perceived satisfaction and analysis of participants’ discourses through 62 semi-structured interviews.Originality/valueThe contributions of the present study are twofold: a proposal for a virtual reality openBIM framework is presented, particularly for the semantic enrichment of BIM models, and a methodology for evaluating the usability of this type of system in the AECO sector.

Universal System of Tripling Periods for the Eye Is the Way to the “Logarithmic” Treatment of Neurological Diseases with Modern Lighting Technologies

Previously, the pattern of evolutionary adjustment of photodetectors of the human retina to the frequencies of the UPTS (the so-called universal period-tripling system) was phenomenologically established. The period tripling effect is a new direction in the study of complex systems. In these papers, it was established that the UPTS is a characteristic of a wide class of natural fractal systems described, in particular, by complex cubic mappings. In this work, taking into account the fact that both vision and the processing of visual information by the brain work based on the principles of UPTS, a fundamental frequency, dynamic model of the mechanism of the eye-vision system is constructed, generalizing experimental and theoretical data on the fractal dynamics of the brain in normal and neurological diseases. Data on the Luscher test, on MRI and slow EEG waves, neuro-hormones, photooxy-therapy of brain diseases allow us to establish a new paradigm of lighting technology for health-friendly lighting and ways of a new successful therapeutic effect on Pacrkinson’s disease, effects of traumatic brain injury, stroke, schizophrenia, psychopathy, neurosis. In this case, the lighting scheme requires the simultaneous observance of five rows of rankings of lighting parameters: by frequencies (1), according to the combination of frequencies, and the dynamics of the presentation of combinations (2), by colour perception errors (3), according to the patient’s refusals determine the colours (4), according to the fractal laws of the frequencies of vision and the brain (5). The universality of period-tripling system gives new ways to the principles of lighting engineering and photo-medicine.

Ultrasmall Polar Skyrmions and Merons in SrTiO3 Heterostructures by Polaron Engineering.

Topological objects with skyrmionic textures in ferroelectrics, i.e., polar skyrmions, are promising technological paradigms in next-generation electronic devices. While breakthrough discoveries of stable polar skyrmions approximately ten nanometers in size have been very recently witnessed in complex systems, such a nontrivial topological order in ferroelectrics inevitably disappears below the ferroelectric critical size of several nanometers. Herein, we propose a strategy to overcome this limitation and achieve ultrasmall and isolated polar skyrmions by engineering excess-electron polarons in otherwise nonferroelectric SrTiO3 heterostructures. Our first-principle calculations demonstrate that a polaron localized at a SrTiO3 surface induces a Neel-type polar skyrmion as small as 1.8 nanometers attributed to the effect of atomic-scale surface roughness. Furthermore, we show that this polar topological structure is tunable by the choice of heterostructures and by the mechanical approach, which undergoes a phase transition to a meron state in the twisted boundary and to an antiskyrmion state in the surface with external shear strain, respectively. Such ultraminiaturization of skyrmions and their transitions unexpectedly unravels the formula of ultrasmall topological orders originating from the interplay between an electron polaron and structural symmetry breaking, which is completely different from the common mechanism of geometric confinement for larger-scale skyrmions. Our results not only provide a mechanism for the exploration of polar skyrmions and their rich topological transitions but also hold potential for ultrahigh-density memories.

A study of cognitive computing in nanosatellite constellations for synergic autonomy in CisLunar space

The small satellites have been changing the paradigm of space technology and implementation techniques ever since the NewSpace era has begun a stiff competition and dynamic atmosphere for innovation and recreation. Nanosatellites (ranging from 1 to 10 Kg) have been of significant importance since they have been launched and experimented in the past few decades. The constellations of these satellites will be a test of technology and management in due course of time. The complexity of operations and skilled functioning of the satellites in LEO and beyond is becoming crucial for the space industry and scientific communities. This paper will demonstrate the challenges, applications, and strategies to implement Artificial Intelligence (AI) optimally to make these constellations efficient and productive under the given scenarios and constraints. A thorough investigation through literature study has been initially done to observe and monitor the recent developments and envision the futuristic implementation of cognitive computing in CisLunar space. Hence, a detailed description of strategizing this artificial intelligence implementation in three classified regions as Low Earth Orbits (LEO), Transfer Region (TR), and Lunar Orbits (LO) to emphasize their crucial role in operating nanosatellites is significantly presented.

COMPANIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION

The article presents the results of research on the peculiarities of economic development in the transportation industry under the influence of digitalization. Digitalization is regarded as a transformative process that reshapes the global economy through sustained technological advancements, leading to digital transformations. These transformations encompass advancements in data analytics, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and mobile devices. Leveraging the vast digital capabilities for information transmission, storage, and processing lays the groundwork for a new technological paradigm. Consequently, changes in the technological landscape bring about transformations in socio-economic systems, particularly in their institutional, social, and economic components, as well as the relationships among various stakeholders within the digital environment. Such transformations give rise to a new type of economy, known as the digital economy, and shape the context and direction of development for companies in the transportation and logistics sector.The active involvement of all stakeholders in the digitalization process amplifies the pace and magnitude of changes in the interests and demands of companies operating in the contemporary market of transportation and logistics services. Companies encounter significant challenges, and timely adaptation through the integration of digital tools and the digital transformation of traditional business models enables them to gain a competitive edge and sustain theirestablished positions in national and global transportation service markets. The close relationship between economic development and digitalization is becoming a crucial prerequisite for the growth of national and global economies in the near future. In addition to the direct productivity gains achieved by companies, including transportation firms, through the utilization of digital technologies, there exists a chain of indirect benefits associated with digitalization. These benefits encompass the creationof new goods and services, the emergence of new consumer demand, the attainment of new levels of quality and value, with time-saving being a notable characteristic

КОМЕРЦІЙНА ТА ЛОГІСТИЧНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ В ЦИФРОВІЙ ЕКОНОМІЦІ КОНТРАКТНОГО ТИПУ

The modern world has already taken the first step towards a fundamentally new technological, economic and social reality. However, it is difficult to overestimate the challenges facing modern industrial society. We are talking about a change in the global socio-technological structure, the consequence of which is a complete reformatting of the systems we are used to, the formation of new social and economic strategies. At the same time, the technological paradigm is changing, management models and social norms are changing, there are large-scale demographic shifts caused by the state of war in Ukraine, etc. For domestic logistics, in the conditions of martial law, established supply chains ceased to function. Closed ports, lack of air connections, risks associated with road transport - enterprises with well-established logistics were forced to change positions within a few days. The realities of the war imposed restrictions on all spheres of life, but primarily on supply and communication. The danger of using transport, the risk of losing goods during warehouse storage, the need to rebuild routes directly during movement - this is only a small part of what logistics faces during war. Because of that, it is worth optimizing processes and adapting to the external environment, or admit the impossibility of carrying out economic activities by the enterprise. The work provides an updated scientific interpretation of the synergy of commerce and logistics in the modern conditions of digitalization of the contract economy. The peculiarities of the manifestation of synergy are revealed from the example of the organization of the smart contracting system of the enterprise's transport and logistics business. The essential characteristics and rules of operation of the system are described with the aim of achieving the synergy effect in its qualitative and quantitative forms. An algorithm for substantiating project decisions regarding the creation of a smart contracting system based on the application of a problem-situational approach, which forms the structure of the road map for project implementation, is proposed.

The Impact of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) on Knowledge Management Using Integrated Innovation Diffusion Theory and the Technology Acceptance Model

MOOCs have grown in popularity in universities, but the agents that influence users’ acceptance of MOOCs are little understood. The large and open nature of MOOCs puts the student in charge of their own learning. As a result, it is critical to comprehend learner behavior. The research is conceptually founded on the innovation diffusion theory (IDT), as well as knowledge management (KM) and the technological adoption paradigm (TAM). In theory, eight separate factors were discovered as contributing to perceived usefulness, as well as perceived ease of use toward attitude toward utilizing MOOC systems and MOOC use intention. A survey questionnaire based on the innovation diffusion theory (IDT), knowledge management (KM) components, and the technological acceptance model (TAM) was used to collect data from 284 university students who were randomly selected. SPSS and SEM-Amos were used for data analysis. The findings show that perceived technology fit, perceived enjoyment, perceived compatibility (PC), trialability (TR), observability (OB), perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), and attitude towards using the system (MOOCs) are the most important predictors of university students’ continued intention to use MOOCs (MOOCs). Through attitudes toward utilizing systems, perceived utility and perceived ease of use have an indirect impact on sustained intention (MOOCs). Both effort-perceived utility and perceived ease of use impact knowledge application, knowledge access, perceived technology fit, perceived pleasure, perceived compatibility (PC), trialability (TR), and observability (OB). Perceived compatibility (PC) has no bearing on perceived ease of use, while perceived technological fit (PTF) has no bearing on perceived utility. The findings will aid researchers and practitioners in better understanding university students’ intentions to use MOOCs in the future. This study’s ramifications and shortcomings are also discussed.

Sustained and potent analgesia with negligible side effects enabled by adaptive individualized granular stimulation in rat brainstem

Objectives. To clarify if an adaptive current stimulation protocol, in which current amplitude is modulated during continuous stimulation, provides better efficacy than constant current stimulation protocol with respect to analgesia caused by individualized stimulation in rat periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) /dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN). Approach. Ultrathin microelectrodes adapted for recording (n = 6) and stimulation (n = 16) were implanted in rat primary somatosensory cortex and PAG/DRN, respectively. In each animal included (n = 12), a subset of PAG/DRN microelectrodes (n = 1–3 per animal) was selected that on simultaneous stimulation blocked nociceptive withdrawal reflexes in awake unrestrained animals without noticeable side effects. Analgesic effects were subsequently assessed from both nociceptive withdrawal reflexes and intracortical pain-related responses on CO2 laser hind paw stimulation. The analgesic effects of adaptive current PAG/DRN stimulation comprising incremental increases of 5 μA/microelectrode (initial median current 30 μA/microelectrode) when effects declined were compared to the effects of constant current stimulation. Behavioral effects and brain state related changes were analyzed using quantitative movement analysis and electrocorticography (recorded on top of the dura mater), respectively. Tissue reactions and probe placement in PAG/DRN were assessed with immunohistochemistry. Main results. Powerful and sustained (4 h) analgesia was achieved with the adaptive current protocol within a rather wide area of PAG/DRN. Analgesic after-effects were seen for up to 30 min. Behavioral and brain state related side effects were minimal. Moreover, 6 weeks after implantation, there were no traces of bleedings, only small glial reactions and small but not statistically significant loss of neurons nearby indicating that the microelectrode stimulation employed is biocompatible. Significance. The results indicate that sustained and powerful analgesia with minimal side effects can be achieved by granular and individualized stimulation in PAG/DRN using an adaptive current stimulation protocol. This microelectrode technology and stimulation paradigm thus has the potential of providing a highly efficient and safe pain therapy.

Отличительные черты индустриализации Коми АССР в 1927-1937 годы

Based on the documentary sources and scientific papers of Soviet and modern researchers, the paper analyzed why the industrialization of the Komi ASSR proceeded independently of the main strategic plans of the USSR. The first five-year development plans of the Komi region did not take into account the industrialization vector of the USSR aimed at a shift to a new technological paradigm. The wrong impressions about the role of the region in the economic system did not allow to archive the actual potential of the Komi region. The country was in dire need of oil and coal but the central planning authorities and scientific institutions did not see prospects for development of deposits on the Komi territory. Only the non-economic system of GULAG (Chief Administration of Corrective Labour Camps) by attracting a great deal of resources managed to work through the general skepticism about mineral resources of the region, and the Pechora brigade of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR determined a new position for the Komi region on the economic map of the country.

Citation Gecko technology for research and entrepreneurship

Purpose This study aims to investigate how Citation Gecko technology might help libraries provide better research support services. The paper explains specifically how Citation Gecko can help libraries provide more precise and thorough references, save time and enable methodical literature reviews and scoping studies amid the constantly evolving nature of research domains. The paper also considers how businesses and libraries can gain from implementing the technology. Design/methodology/approach The paper’s conceptual study of the function of librarians in assisting researchers – particularly in the setting of exhaustive literature reviews and scoping studies – forms the foundation of the piece. The authors talk about the difficulties in guaranteeing the authenticity and comprehensiveness of the literature review process and the significance of adopting tools like Citation Gecko to help with this process. The possible adoption of Citation Gecko in libraries is also forecasted using the technological adoption model paradigm. Findings Libraries that use Citation Gecko technology provide better research support services by providing accurate and comprehensive references, saving time and assisting systematic literature surveys and scoping studies. The tool is simple to use and does not require professional training due to its user-friendly interface and ability to produce references fast. Using Citation Gecko technology can enhance libraries’ capacities to support researchers, faculty and students in their research projects by making a significant contribution to systematic surveys and referencing efforts. Originality/value This study adds to the continuing discussion about how libraries may use technology to improve the services they provide to users who need research support. It had never been looked into how citation Gecko might help libraries with their reference and systematic review study offerings.

Peran Digital Mareting dan Branding Produk dalam Pengembangan UMKM di Kelurahan Karangtengah

In today’s modern era, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) must be able to innovate in order to attract the attention of consumers and maintain their efforts. Many UMKMs experienced a decline in sales and could not grow even bankrupt during the Covid-19 pandemic last year. These conditions make the UMKM perpetrators have to think to be able to survive for the sake of their efforts. The transition of offline shopping to online (digitalized) in modern times will make it easier for UMKM to expand marketing access. The role of digital technology has a significant impact on UMKM. Emerging technological paradigms leverage the potential of a stronger and more sustainable UMKM. Social media and e-commerce can be the sales container of UMKM offenders. The aim of the community empowerment program on UMKM in the Middle East is to provide support for digital marketing training as an effort to develop and expand the technology-based marketing network (digital). After doing this dedication, it is hoped that the UMKM perpetrators in the Middle Coral Coral will continue to synergize for the sustainability of UMKM and the development of the economy of the community.

CSI acquisition in RIS-assisted mobile communication systems.

Reconfigurable intelligent surface- (RIS) assisted mobile communication is a promising technological paradigm thanks to the attractive advantages of low cost and flexible control of electromagnetic waves. However, the low-cost features of RISs entail some fundamental challenges to the acquisition of channel state information (CSI), which is essential for the optimal RIS design. To tackle this problem, there have been extensive studies on CSI acquisition in RIS-assisted mobile communication systems, from the perspective of architectural improvement as well as specific mathematical solutions. This article aims to overview the existing works on CSI acquisition in RIS-assisted mobile communication systems.

BSEIFFS: Blockchain-secured edge-intelligent forest fire surveillance

This work aims to address two major issues in forest fire management: accurate real-time forecast and end-to-end secured data delivery between validated entities. To do so, we introduce BSEIFFS, a secured and intelligent forest fire prediction architecture realized through the convergence of Blockchain technology, mist computing, edge computing and machine learning paradigms. The proposed architecture renders Blockchain-backed security and Support Vector Regression based wildfire prediction at the edge by offloading the execution overheads to containerized cloud applications. Two algorithms namely Uncorrelated Data Transmission (UDT) algorithm and Blockchain based Audit Trail validation (BAT) algorithm are proposed to reduce number of repetitive packet transmissions and rendering a lightweight Blockchain based identity validation scheme at the edge respectively. The prediction model is trained using real-world meteorological data and tested on a steel manufacturing facility where controlled combustion and quenching processes closely resemble fire and rain scenarios. Apart from the Google Cloud Platform, tools such as IBM NodeRed, Siemens IBA PDA softwares are used to implement the BSEIFFS architecture. Extensive experimentation and comparative evaluation are performed with relevant baseline approaches. BSEIFFS achieves a prediction accuracy of 98.61%, ROC AUC score of 0.9668 with 0.1127 as false positive rate. The BSEIFFS SVR predictor with rbf kernel (MAE = 1.840, RMSE = 5.728) performs better than similar baseline approaches. The proposed UDT algorithm causes 82.02% reduction in packet transmissions through the network. BSEIFFS also achieves atleast 44.84% lesser energy consumption, 11.91% higher throughput and 71.91% lesser roundtrip time in comparison with baseline approaches. BSEIFFS can massively extend the benefits of the imminent B5G/6G technologies to perform fine-grained and faster computations.

Application and Prospect of Intelligent Manufacturing in Practice

Intelligent manufacturing is the core technology paradigm of the new round of scientific and technological revolution, and the main direction of strengthening the integration of digital and real technology and building a manufacturing power. This paper focuses on intelligent manufacturing. Take intelligent mechanical engineering, intelligent logistics, industrial robots and intelligent production workshops as examples. Exploring the phased achievements and applications of intelligent manufacturing technology. Research showed that the realization of intelligent manufacturing has adopted technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, machine learning, intelligent sensing, interconnection and remote operation and maintenance, effectively solving many current engineering and scientific research problems. Indicating that the intelligent manufacturing industry supported by information technology and advanced digital technology has broad application prospects. It also provides reference for the application and high-quality development of intelligent manufacturing.

Advanced Alerting System by Motion Detection

Abstract: Human technological advances have marked the emergence of alarm systems. The man began shouting a message to inform others of terrible information. Then people adopted new techniques to develop alarm systems to replace them. Security has always been a great concern in this developing nation. Security always plays a vital role in safeguarding and protecting property. In this internet age there is a new paradigm of technology that is clearly assisting the major concerns of security, i.e., 'Internet of things' and we thereby come with an Espressif Systems based microcontroller board alert system. The paper offers a camera module and microcontroller-based development platform that acts as a sophisticated alert indicator system embedded with passive infra-red sensor to detect the intruder motion. The designed prototype is configured with required functionality and obtained accurate results.