Parabolic Potential Approximation Research Articles

Analytical Threshold Voltage Model for Double-Gate MOSFETs With Localized Charges

An analytical threshold voltage model for double-gate MOSFETs with localized charges is developed. From the 2-D Poisson's equation with parabolic potential approximation, a compact threshold voltage model is derived. The proposed model is then verified with a 2-D device simulator. The model can be used to investigate hot-carrier-induced device degradation for various device dimensions and various charge distributions.

Three-dimensional tracking of Brownian motion of a particle trapped in optical tweezers with a pair of orthogonal tracking beams and the determination of the associated optical force constants

We report the first experimental results on quantitative mapping of three-dimensional optical force field on a silica micro-particle and on a Chinese hamster ovary cell trapped in optical tweezers by using a pair of orthogonal laser beams in conjunction with two quadrant photo-diodes to track the particle's (or the cell's) trajectory, analyze its Brownian motion, and calculate the optical force constants in a three-dimensional parabolic potential model. For optical tweezers with a 60x objective lens (NA = 0.85), a trapping beam wavelength lambda = 532nm, and a trapping optical power of 75mW, the optical force constants along the axial and the transverse directions (of the trapping beam) were measured to be approximately 1.1x10-8N/m and 1.3x10-7N/m, respectively, for a silica particle (diameter = 2.58microm), and 3.1x10-8 N/m and 2.3x10-7 N/m, respectively, for a Chinese hamster ovary cell (diameter ~ 10 microm to 15microm). The set of force constants (Kx, Ky, and Kz ) completely defines the optical force field E(x, y, z) = [Kx x2 + Ky y2 + Kz z2]/2 (in the parabolic potential approximation) on the trapped particle. Practical advantages and limitations of using a pair of orthogonal tracking beams are discussed.

Wetting of a symmetrical binary fluid mixture on a wall

Abstract We study the wetting behavior of a symmetrical binary fluid below the demixing temperature at a non-selective attractive wall. Although it demixes in the bulk, a sufficiently thin liquid film remains mixed. On approaching liquid/vapor coexistence, however, the thickness of the liquid film increases and it may demix and then wet the substrate. We show that the wetting properties are determined by an interplay of the two length scales related to the density and the composition fluctuations. The problem is analyzed within the framework of a generic two component Ginzburg–Landau functional (appropriate for systems with short-ranged interactions). This functional is minimized both numerically and analytically within a piecewise parabolic potential approximation. A number of novel surface transitions are found, including first order demixing and prewetting, continuous demixing, a tricritical point connecting the two regimes, or a critical end point beyond which the prewetting line separates a strongly and a weakly demixed film. Our results are supported by detailed Monte Carlo simulations of a symmetrical binary Lennard–Jones fluid at an attractive wall.

Wetting of a symmetrical binary fluid mixture on a wall.

We study the wetting behavior of a symmetrical binary fluid below the demixing temperature at a nonselective attractive wall. Although it demixes in the bulk, a sufficiently thin liquid film remains mixed. On approaching liquid vapor coexistence, however, the thickness of the liquid film increases and it may demix and then wet the substrate. We show that the wetting properties are determined by an interplay of the two length scales related to the density and the composition fluctuations. The problem is analyzed within the framework of a generic two component Ginzburg-Landau functional (appropriate for systems with short-ranged interactions). This functional is minimized both numerically and analytically within a piecewise parabolic potential approximation. A number of surface transitions are found, including first-order demixing and prewetting, continuous demixing, a tricritical point connecting the two regimes, or a critical end point beyond which the prewetting line separates a strongly and a weakly demixed film. Our results are supported by detailed Monte Carlo simulations of a symmetrical binary Lennard-Jones fluid at an attractive wall.