Panoramic Photography Research Articles

Multimethod digitalisation of a large-format school map from the first half of the 20th century

PurposeThis study aims to delve into the effectiveness of applying traditional and more advanced digital means to document elements of cultural heritage, in this case large-format cartography. Application of multimethod digitalisation to a school map of the American continent dating to the early part of the 20th century has served to address specific issues, notably its multilayers consisting of paper, inks and a protective varnish on a textile medium. Its large format is likewise an obstacle to its digital capture.Design/methodology/approachThe method applied here resorted to three registration systems: single-shot photography, panoramic photography and photogrammetry. The first two widely serve to capture works of large-format, whereas the third is commonly used to record volumetric assets. A variety of parameters were applied, notably different focal lengths, capture methods and processing software. The images obtained in each case were subjected to qualitative and quantitative comparisons so as to analyse their differences in terms of resolution and accuracy when compared to the map's real measurements, key criteria when duplicating cartographic documents.FindingsAlthough the final products gleaned from the digital photographs, panoramic photographs and photogrammetry fulfil the basic functions required to record documents housed in archives, libraries, museums and other cultural institutions, this study highlights new advances and complementary functions stemming from certain of these techniques.Originality/valueDigitalisation is a tool that serves to register, preserve, disseminate and analyse cultural heritage. However, some of the available techniques have rarely been applied specifically to graphic and documentary artefacts. It is for this reason that this study intends to demonstrate their utility in the detailed study of this heritage typology. Moreover, optimising the school map into a digital form favours its dissemination and remote consultation while simultaneously minimising direct manipulation, hence improving its long-term preservation.

Digital twin applications in an archaeological site: A virtual reconstruction of the Pishan site, Zhejiang, China

A digital twin is a virtual counterpart of a physical object or system based on precise data collection. Although digital twin applications are gaining traction in the virtual reconstruction of built heritage, their relevance in archaeological sites remains limited, especially for those with only foundations. The Pishan (毘山) site in Huzhou, featuring the remains of a high-platform building and a large stilt-style architecture, represents the largest settlement site from the late Shang (商, ca. 1600 – 1046 BCE) and early Western Zhou (西周, 1046 – 771 BCE) dynasties in Zhejiang Province, China. At present, confronting contradictions among preservation, restoration, and reuse as a heritage park, the site leverages digital twin technologies to address two concerns: (i) reconstructing a 3D scene for further restoration and related studies and (ii) integrating multimedia to enhance visitors’ experiences and dissemination. Photogrammetry, unmanned aerial vehicle, and a mirrorless camera are employed to collect sky and ground dual graphic data and reconstruct the 3D model of the loess terrace. A panoramic roaming environment is created through panoramic photography. Geographic information system is integrated to enable visual analysis and information management while building information modeling facilitates the integration of parametric modeling and point cloud, aiding virtual restoration research. In conclusion, a workflow entitled “Virtual Reconstruction – Management and Analysis – Restoration – Exhibition” is proposed, promising in-depth exploration in further studies.

The introduction and application of panoramic photography technology in the media professional practice projects

Panoramic technology is a new visual technology that develops rapidly and gradually popular around the world, which can bring people a new real sense of scene and interactive feeling. Introducte panoramic photography into the practice project of journalism and communication in universities is of some pioneering significance for training high-quality media talents that meet the needs of the society. This article expounds the object, realization form and achievement of panoramic photography teaching; focusing on the main contents, reform objectives to be realized and shooting process and method.

Особенности развития эмоционального интеллекта студентов средствами киноискусства

We analyze the features of emotional intelligence formation and development at the student age as emotional intelligence can be a tool to understand students’ own sensory state and recognize the mood of a communication partner, their emotional climate, to manage further their own and others’ actions arising under the influence of certain emotions and anticipating future consequences. The factors influencing the emotional balance of a generation Z student, the consequences of constructive and destructive emotional manifestations at this age are revealed. Special emphasis is placed on the gender characteristics in the development of the emotional intelligence of the student's personality. Students’ emotional intelligence characteristics are rapid alternation of emotions (often opposite in nature); exposure to various external factors; high risk of emotional burnout; a tendency to restrain their feelings (not to demonstrate them to others); duality of emotions in relation to one object; prolonged concentration on their own emotions (often negative). The possibilities of cinematography in the context of its influence on the development of students' emotional intelligence are substantiated. Three considered types of information used in the creation of the film that affect the emotional sphere of students are motivational, ideological and directly emotional types of information. Film directors use number of film techniques to exert an emotional influence on the student-viewer, for example, Dutch angle, hand-in-waistcoat, panoramic photography, color rendering, and the use of musical compositions. The specificity of the influence of cinematography on students with different levels of emotional sensitivity is revealed.

The image artistry of VR film “Killing a Superstar”

<p>The purpose of this article is to take “Killing a Superstar” as a typical example, to denmonstrate how VR technology generates VR film via virtualizing 3D world from aesthetic perspective, and to give a critical reflection of VR film. The article includes three parts. The first part is about how the film utilizes VR as a technical premise for the implement of interactive narrative, constructing the audio-visual space with panoramic photography, and generating the virtual world with digital programs. Its interactive mode renders human-computer dialogue feasible, and realizes the connection between human and virtual reality with VR playback equipment. The second part is carried out under a further analysis of the artistic dimension of the film. In this section, it’s pointed out that the active narrative perspective of the audience, the multilinear narrative structure of time and space, the embodied and remote experience of perception, and the prominent guiding narrative processing, are all combined together for the sake to present interactive narrative art expression of virtual world. And the final part tries to reflect and evaluate on VR film in a broader vision. From both technical and artistic viewpoints, VR film is a breakthrough and innovation compared to traditional film model, although it surely has some drawbacks and limitations. If it can be considered more in a sense of establishing interactable virtual world then stroytelling, it is likely to develop into a more significant VR image art in the future.</p>

The sacred space of the Yenisei North in virtual projects

The historical and cultural heritage of the Yenisei North has been formed over several centuries. The article provides recommendations on the use of new methods related to the graphic, digital reconstruction of unique sacred objects of Russian old-timers of the Yenisei North. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the article for the first time analyzes the results of research and design work with cultural heritage, its presentation by means of 3D modeling and the creation of virtual tours of the Siberian Federal University, since 2009. The author's developments on modeling the lost objects of Yeniseisk and the Lower Angara region, prepared on the basis of photographic documents and scientific and technical information, are analyzed. The information potential of panoramic photography of more than 20 objects of religious heritage of the Yenisei North, the territory of the primary settlement of Russians in Eastern Siberia is revealed. Using the example of the information system of the Siberian Federal University "SACRA", developed by the authors, a classification description of objects and methods for providing distributed access to data on sacred objects to representatives of the professional community and a wide audience are proposed. It is concluded that such a digital platform allows to reveal the cultural potential of the Yenisei North, expands the possibilities of branding the territory, promotes the popularization of the historical and cultural heritage of the most remote territories, and increases historical knowledge about individual objects. New digital technologies make it possible to create aesthetically outstanding visualizations while preserving the historical authenticity of the reconstructed objects. In addition, it remains possible to introduce interactive technologies and publish virtual reconstruction on the Internet. The created virtual "product" has the possibility of long-term improvement, it is designed for development, expansion and possible correction.As new sources, historical information, artifacts are revealed, as well as new technological opportunities appear, the already created digital complex of the sacred space of the Yenisei North will receive both updated content and an updated creative form of presentation.

Preservation of heritage buildings in Alexandria, Egypt: an application of heritage digitisation process phases and new documentation methods

Background: Throughout the history of the city, the architecture of Alexandria, Egypt, has been in contact with world cultures, especially those of the Mediterranean sphere. Alexandria is rich with cultural features dating back seven thousand years. In Alexandria, the heritage value of the city has decreased since the beginning of the third millennium of the Common Era because there is no suitable digital documentation system for these more recent assets. The development of a new technique for preserving heritage buildings is required. For example, image- based techniques can gather data using photography, panoramic photography, and close-range photogrammetry. In this research, we primarily seek to implement Heritage Digitisation Process Phases (HDPP) by introducing both the Building Information Modelling (BIM) environment and the point clouds for achieving a Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) model and to establish new documentation methods in architectural conservation and built-heritage preservation, i.e., Virtual Reality (VR) and Website Heritage Documentation (WHD). Methods: The methodology is designed to preserve and manage cultural heritage using HDPP for the promotion of heritage building preservation in Alexandria. Results: The results show that the application of HDPP has led to the creation of a digital database about the Société Immobilière building, which was chosen as a case study for this research. Conclusions: Implementation of HDPP and usage of new documentation methods i.e., VR and WHD create a digital path to help strengthen its image and connect the place to users, recreational areas are created to communicate and explore the city's architectural history.

An improved adaptive triangular mesh-based image warping method.

It is of vital importance to stitch the two images into a panorama in many computer vision applications of motion detection and tracking and virtual reality, panoramic photography, and virtual tours. To preserve more local details and with few artifacts in panoramas, this article presents an improved mesh-based joint optimization image stitching model. Since the uniform vertices are usually used in mesh-based warps, we consider the matched feature points and uniform points as grid vertices to strengthen constraints on deformed vertices. Simultaneously, we define an improved energy function and add a color similarity term to perform the alignment. In addition to good alignment and minimal local distortion, a regularization parameter strategy of combining our method with an as-projective-as-possible (APAP) warp is introduced. Then, controlling the proportion of each part by calculating the distance between the vertex and the nearest matched feature point to the vertex. This ensures a more natural stitching effect in non-overlapping areas. A comprehensive evaluation shows that the proposed method achieves more accurate image stitching, with significantly reduced ghosting effects in the overlapping regions and more natural results in the other areas. The comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art image stitching warps and achieves higher precision panorama stitching and less distortion in the overlapping. The proposed algorithm illustrates great application potential in image stitching, which can achieve higher precision panoramic image stitching.

Scaping the Social: Understanding the Waterscapes of the American Southwest through Panoramic Photography

Scaping the Social: Understanding the Waterscapes of the American Southwest through Panoramic Photography

Analysis of the role and value of Three-dimensional panoramic virtual reality technology — Take surgery as an example

With the development of surgical medicine and people’s more requirements for disease treatment, as well as the realistic demand of reducing errors and reducing surgical risks based on accurate surgical operations. Three-dimensional (3D) panoramic virtual reality technology is applied to surgical operations to meet the needs of different patients. This article discusses the interactive immersion experience of surgery, 3D simulation of surgical process, operational accuracy and other aspects. The purpose of this study is to explore the role and value of the simulation exercise of panoramic photography in the virtual surgical environment for the application of real surgery, start to discuss the details of the operation process, improve the probability of success of surgery, and reduce doctor-patient disputes. Based on the above research, the application prospect of 3D panoramic virtual reality technology in the field of surgery and medicine is prospected.

Preservation of heritage buildings in Alexandria, Egypt: an application of heritage digitisation process phases and new documentation methods.

Background: Throughout the history of the city, the architecture of Alexandria, Egypt, has been in contact with world cultures, especially those of the Mediterranean sphere. Alexandria is rich with cultural features dating back seven thousand years. In Alexandria, the heritage value of the city has decreased because there is no suitable documentation system for these more recent assets. The development of a new technique for preserving heritage buildings is required. For example, image- based techniques can gather data using photography, panoramic photography, and close-range photogrammetry. In this research, we primarily seek to implement Heritage Digitisation Process Phases (HDPP) and establish new documentation methods in architectural conservation and built-heritage preservation, i.e., Virtual Reality (VR) and Website Heritage Documentation (WHD). Methods: The methodology is designed to preserve and manage cultural heritage using HDPP for the promotion of heritage building preservation in Alexandria. Results: The results show that the application of HDPP has led to the creation of a digital database about the Société Immobilière building, which was chosen as a case study for this research. Conclusions: Implementation of HDPP and usage of new documentation methods i.e., VR and WHD create a digital path to help strengthen its image and connect the place to users, recreational areas are created to communicate and explore the city's architectural history.

Analytical modelling of No‐load magnetic field for equivalent poles of a new type of double‐stator PM poles spherical motor

A double-stator swing rotating permanent magnet spherical motor (SR-PMSM) is designed, which can realize rotation, swing and spiral motion, and is used in the multi-degree-of-freedom motion fields of industrial robot joints, torque gyroscopes, panoramic photography tables and so on. The inner surface of the rotor of the motor is attached with cylindrical PM poles, and the outer surface is attached with trapezoidal PM poles. Cylindrical and trapezoidal PM poles are simple to manufacture, but the magnetic field model of a spherical motor with two kinds of PM poles is complex. Therefore, a magnetic field modelling method combining the geometric equivalence principle and analytical method is proposed. Using the method of shape approximation, according to the principle of equivalence, the key parameters of cylindrical PM poles and trapezoidal PM poles are replaced by the parameters of approximate dihedral PM poles in a spherical coordinate. Select the most suitable dihedral PM poles, establish the analytical model of the magnetic field in the spherical coordinate system and verify the analytical results by FEM method. A SR-PMSM motor with 6/4 pole (swing) and 12/10 pole (rotation) structure was assembled, and the experimental device was set up. The experimental results show that the experimental curve, analytical curve and FEM curve are in good agreement, which proves the accuracy of the equivalent model and is suitable for the magnetic field model of cylindrical and trapezoidal PM poles of the spherical motor. The research results of magnetic field lay a foundation for further analysis of the stator–rotor composite magnetic field considering cogging effect and edge effect, and analysis of load characteristics of the motor.

Analytical calculation of magnetic field of double‐stator permanent magnet spherical motor considering cogging effect and edge effect

A new type of double-stator permanent magnet spherical motor (DSSRPMSM) is proposed. Compared with most existing spherical motors, this motor uses a large number of stator iron cores, which can generate larger magnetic flux density and significantly improve torque capacity. The proposed DSSRPMSM can continuously rotate, swing and spiral, and can be used in the multi-degree-of-freedom motion fields of industrial robot joints, moment gyroscopes, panoramic photography tables and so on. Because the motor has the dual characteristics of rotary motor and arc linear motor, the comprehensive effects of stator slotting and stator iron core breaking should be considered. Cylindrical and trapezoidal PM poles are equivalent to dihedral PM poles, and stator coils are equivalent to PM pole models. Analytical models of PM pole magnetic field and stator magnetic field in a spherical coordinate system are established, and the air gap magnetic flux density under unequal magnetic potential boundary conditions is calculated by conformal transformation. The analytical calculation method proposed is consistent with the results of finite element method (FEM) simulation, and the experimental test further verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of this method.

A virtual reality photography application to assess spatial memory

ABSTRACT In this paper, the first virtual reality (VR) photography application that incorporates elements on panoramic images to assess short-term spatial memory is presented. It also allows the interaction with these elements. A study was conducted (N = 50) to compare participants’ performance outcomes and subjective experience when using a VR application with and without panoramic photography. The results show that both applications are effective in assessing short-term spatial memory. The results with panoramic photography include: 1) It was effective for short-term recall since, after using the application, the participants were able to verbally recall the objects and place them without significant differences with respect to the objects correctly placed; 2) The performance outcomes were independent of age and gender; 3) The perceived level of presence was directly related to experiencing less cybersickness when using the application; 4) The level of satisfaction was directly related to perceived enjoyment, concentration, usability, competence, calmness, and expertise; 5) The more the familiarity with VR applications, the less the perceived cybersickness. Finally, the application offers two main advantages: 1) The evaluators can customize the environment by adding as many elements as desired to the panoramic photograph; 2) It could be especially suitable for groups with reduced mobility.

Imaging documentation in the on-site investigation of explosion/fire events

Explosion/fire investigation is a procedure that involves significant resources of time and activities. The most important of the basic activities performed by the investigator/investigation team is the on-site research, which, if properly performed, allows the elaboration, foundation, and verification of hypotheses, while playing a defining role in establishing the final conclusions regarding the place of initiation and cause of the event. For these types of phenomena, the on-site investigation is hampered by the damage caused by the event, making it difficult to identify footprints or traces, or by the disruptive effects of the extinguishing products used. The investigation is carried out in the area of the outbreak as well as in all the areas where the fire spread and aims to examine the fire footprint, the set of traces, objects, and materials present in the burnt area, seen in interaction, both with each other and with the surrounding space and environment. Traditional verbal or written methods of presenting evidence or traces collected at the crime scene are no longer sufficient today, as technological advances are also evident in these areas. Important benefits include the coverage of the entire crime scene, which allows for complete and efficient documentation, using spherical or panoramic photography, or the use of spatial, three-dimensional scans. This paper aims to present the important contribution made by on-site documentation activities using SceneCam Forensic imaging scanning equipment, based on a high-resolution (HDR) image capture device capable of capturing spherical, 360° x 180° images at a resolution of up to 50 Megapixels in a single scanning operation (Spheron Cam VR).

Криминалистические аспекты производства наглядно-образных способов фиксации доказательств

The author analyses the process of proving as gathering, checking, evaluating and using the evidence in the purpose of determining the circumstances that have to be proven. It means that the author views the process of proving somewhat broader than it is cited in the Article 85 of the Criminal Law Code of the Russian Federation. The recording is the second element of the evidence gathering after they have been searched for and found. The author analyses the classification of the evidence recording. It can be of two kinds: obligatory or prescribed by the Criminal Procedure Law and optional or recommended by law (with regard to Criminal Procedure Law); the classification also divide them on subjective or depending on the qualities of the personality of the subject who record the evident. In this case his or her knowledge, skills and professional experience is taken into account. Objective, on the other hand, are based on physical, chemical or other processes (these processes are the basis of the recording). The article pays close attention to the means of the recording of evidence, especially to photo and video recording as these are the graphic ways to record evidence that are frequently used in practice. The author specifies that the content of the systems of methods of forensic and investigative photography implies including into it panoramic shooting, measuring, reproduction, identification photography and macro photography. Modern technical equipment and software for video recording allow to perform high-speed and slow-motion video shooting that can be viewed as special technical means that can be used while conducting examinations and some investigative actions.

Implementation of Aerial Panoramic Photography for Environmental Studies Through VR Experiences

Technology allows us to experience situations from a different perspective. This project investigated many parts and techniques for better VR experiences. Aerial photography: Aerial photography provides a broad view of the changes in a landscape. However, aerial photography cannot offer a microscopic perspective of the changes with novel panoramas and landscape photos. A parallax compensation algorithm for stitching videos enables the user to reduce the time required to fix stitching issues in post-production. The experiment results indicated that the optimum camera height was 500 m, slightly higher than the clouds. An appropriate number of spatial samples were selected during photography to obtain high-quality images. The researchers avoided restricted flight areas and designed the image acquisition method according to the selected flight path, which were then combined in the post-processing step. Those 360-degree-aerial-images trigger young people's environmental awareness, which enhances the creator's sense of environmental protection.

LEARNING THROUGH VIRTUAL TOOLS: VISIT A PLACE IN THE PANDEMIC ERA

Abstract. The concept of combining learning activities and Cultural Heritage is a highly effective approach, both in the pandemic era and no. Knowledge and awareness of a place cultural identity by the local community is itself a conservation action. Therefore, a training activity was tested at the “Liceo Leopardi” (Lecco) according to the guidelines of Italian work-school projects. It is an innovative didactic methodology that allows students to combine school training with practical experience in a public or private institution. Since 2015, it has been compulsory in Italy for all high school students. The didactic tool used to face innovative topics related to heritage digitisation and its remote access was the Virtual Tour of the Monumental Complex of Laorca. The VT is a very effective immersive tool and easy to use even for non-expert users. Through some frontal lessons and laboratory activities, the students learned the basic concepts about the acquisition techniques to realise multimedia data (artistic photography, light painting, panoramic photography, video, etc.) to enrich the Laorca complex VT frame. The didactic experimentation was very engaging for the students who created a cultural game for the younger middle school students. The game is structured like a path consisting of 10 phases, designed in two versions: one version played directly on-site and another available online within VT. The research presented aims at the CH digitisation for the involvement and participation of the local community in the territorial identity promotion. The didactic experiment involved students reinforcing the link with their territory.

APPLICATION OF DIGITAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION FOR CONDITION ASSESSMENTS AND MONITORING CHANGE IN UZBEKISTAN

Abstract. Cultural heritage is facing irreversible changes due to anthropogenic and natural impacts. Condition assessment is a holistic approach to analyse the historic buildings, structures or sites to record changes and understand their deterioration and causes. Detailed documentation is an essential first step for mapping the condition, analyse, give a diagnosis and propose conservation measures. However, not all the time the appropriate documentation is available or recorded towards this means, making difficult a proper assessment. This paper presents a review of digital documentation tools supporting a systematic assessment of the condition and changes of historic structures. The application aerial and close-range photogrammetry and panoramic photography is illustrated using two case studies within the World Heritage properties in the Central Asia region, Itchan Kala and the Historic Centre of Bukhara in Uzbekistan.

Analysis and Optimization of Computer Trajectory Based on Compound Eye Vision System

With the rapid development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for target detection technology, which requires us to solve the disadvantages of traditional cameras, such as the difficulty of panoramic photography and continuous tracking motion. However, compound eye insects have a visual system composed of fewer neurons, which can achieve rapid detection and capture of objects of interest. Therefore, based on the principle of compound eye vision, a bionic compound eye panoramic detection system is designed in this paper, which can realize panoramic real-time detection through multiple sub eye cameras. Through the compound eye vision system, we can accurately locate the pan tilt controller, which can provide a comprehensive panoramic motion image. Through the principle of automatic windowing, we can acquire the image of moving area by multi-layer window. Then, through the relevant image processing methods, such as binarization, median filtering, spatial filtering, moving object detection, edge detection and other methods, we can get a relatively clear moving object contour and trajectory analysis, which can achieve full field of view, high sensitivity detection and tracking.