Paniculata Leaf Extract Research Articles

EVALUATION OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (BURMF) WALL EX NEES, LEAF EXTRACTS AND ANDROGRAPHOLIDE ON GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOGENS

Andrographis panicula ta (Burm F ) Wall Ex Nees called as Kalmegh or King of Bitters is used in southeast Asia for treating several ailments. The aim of thi s study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Andrographis paniculata leaf extracts. The agar diffusion and micro - dilution methods were used to determine the antibacterial activity of the Petroleum ether and chloroform extracts. Chloroform and petroleum ether extracts inhibit ed Shigella , Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumonia and Salmonella paratyphi A at concentratio n of 10 and 1 mg/ml respectively. The antibacterial property exhibited by the extracts were due to the presence of A ndrographolide which was confirmed by HPLC analysis. Standard Andrographolide inhibit ed all bacteri um except E.coli which indicates that it i s a broad spectrum antibacterial compound. Although Andrographolide was effective against various gastrointestinal pathogens it does not have any harmful effect on the native flora .

Zingiber cassumunar, Guazuma ulmifolia, and Murraya paniculata Extracts as Antiobesity: In Vitro Inhibitory Effect on Pancreatic Lipase Activity

Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. (Bangle), Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk. (Jati belanda), and Murraya paniculata (Kemuning) have been used as slimming agents in jamu. A few researches have performed studies on their potency as antiobesity. The aim of this research was to investigate the potency of Z. cassumunar rhizome, G. ulmifolia, and M. paniculata leaf extracts as antiobesity agent based on in vitro inhibition activity of the extracts on pancreatic lipase activity. In this research, water content determination, phytochemical assay, toxicity assay and in vitro assay of inhibition activity on pancreatic lipase were performed toward single and mixture extracts of Z. cassumunar, G. ulmifolia, and M. paniculata resulted by water, ethanol, and saponin extractions. The results indicated that 100 ppm of ethanol extraction of Z. cassumunar had highest inhibition effect on the activity of pancreatic lipase (29.17%), followed by 100 ppm of water extraction of M. paniculata (25.66%), 60 ppm of ethanol extraction of G. ulmifolia leaves (25.13%) and ethanol extraction mixture of Z. cassumunar, G. ulmifolia, and M. paniculata leaves with ratio of 25:25:25 (21.58%). These inhibition effects were higher than inhibitory effect of 100 ppm of Xenical®/orlistat as the positive control, with the inhibition value of 17.53%. Saponin crude extracts had lower inhibitory effect than the other extractions. It was suggested that ethanol extraction of Z. cassumunar, and G. ulmifolia and water extraction of M. paniculata had potency as antiobesity agent.

Larvicidal activities of three plants against filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)

The present study was carried out to establish the larvicidal properties of crude extracts of three plants, viz. Carica papaya, Murraya paniculata and Cleistanthus collinus against Culex quinquefasciatus as target species. The relative efficacy of the plant extracts in vector control was as follows: C. papaya seed extract > M. paniculata fruit extract > M. paniculata leaf extract > C. collinus leaf extract. Result of log-probit analysis (at 95% confidence level) revealed that LC(50) and LC(95) values gradually decreased with the exposure periods similar to the result in bioassay experiment for each of the plant extract. The results of preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis of all the plants revealed the presence of many bioactive principles such as steroids, alkaloids, terpenes, saponins, etc. that may be responsible for their biocontrol potentiality. The appropriate lethal concentrations at 24 h for each of the extracts were also studied on non-target organisms such as Diplonychus annulatum and Chironomus circumdatus, and no change in the swimming behaviour and survivality was noticed, which indicates that all the extracts are safe for the aquatic ecosystem.

Spectrophotometric method for the study of the antioxidant activity applied on Ziziphus jujuba and Hydrangea paniculata aqueous extract

Antioxidant activity of water extracts from Ziziphus jujuba fruits and Hydrangea paniculata leaves, maintained in a refrigerator, was determined by the potassium permanganate method. The results presented in this paper indicate that the fruit extracts from Ziziphus jujuba had higher antioxidant activity than Hydrangea paniculata leaf extracts and that both fermentation processes had a strong effect on antioxidant activity.

LC analysis of hepatoprotective diterpenoids from Andrographis paniculata

Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), commonly known as Kalmegh, has been used widely in India for the treatment of hepatitis [1,2]. The plant is reported to possess protective activity against various liver disorders. Andrographolide and related compounds were investigated for their pharmacological properties and all showed at least some degree of antipyretic, antimalarial and antiinflammatory activity [3–5]. During crop improvement, drug analysis and process development, a sensitive and accurate analytical method is required for the quantitation of important diterpenoids, which are present in the plant. Although few methods such as gravimetric [6,7], colorimetric [8], spectrophotometric [9,10], titrimetric [11,12] have been reported for the quantitative estimation of andrographolides, many of these procedures are time consuming, not very precise and require multiple step extraction and purification. Reported HPLC [13] and HPTLC [14] methods are for the quantitation of andrographolide (2) only. Here a simple reversed phase liquid chromatographic method is described for the simultaneous determination of the three major andrographolides viz 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (l) andrographolide (2), and neoandrographolide (3) (Fig. 1) in A. paniculata leaf extract with UV detection at 230 nm by employing an isocratic binary mobile phase.