Panel Method Research Articles

An innovative EFD using FBG pressure sensors for ship seakeeping

AbstractThis paper examines the acquisition of the measurement data of the spatial distribution of unsteady pressure on a ship advancing in waves. The purpose of the study is to investigate the reliability of the pressure data obtained by the unprecedented experiment and to provide experimental data of unsteady pressure which can be used for validation of arbitrary computation methods. The optical fiber sensing technology, so-called FBG (fiber Bragg gratings) sensing, is employed as the pressure sensors. In the experiment, 379 FBG pressure sensors (version 7; the latest version) in total are attached to the port side surface of ship model and also ordinary strain-type pressure sensors are embedded in the starboard side for validating reliability of FBG pressure sensors by comparing both results. In addition to the pressure distribution, measurement is made for unsteady hydrodynamic forces such as added mass, damping coefficients, and wave exciting forces, and also for ship motions and added resistance. Most of the measurement is repeated at least five times for each condition, and results of measured pressures are evaluated with mean value and standard deviation. Regarding the added resistance, the distribution for estimating added resistance is also extracted from obtained pressure distribution and its pressure contour is illustrated to show visually which hull region affects the added resistance significantly. Validation of the measured pressure with FBG pressure sensors is carried out also by integrating measured pressures over the ship model surface and comparing it with forces directly measured with load cells. The measured pressure distribution is compared with typical calculation results with the Rankine panel method in frequency domain to demonstrate usefulness of the spatial pressure data for validating the calculation method. Through these studies, it is confirmed that the measured unsteady pressures with FBG pressure sensors are accurate enough and valuable as the validation data for any calculation method.

Corruption, Growth, and FDI Spillovers: Evidence from Emerging Market Economies

Countries with substantial increases in economic growth and similar characteristics to developed countries are usually referred to as emerging markets. The problem faced by emerging market countries is the need for more capital investment into the country so that domestic savings are added through efforts to find buy and imports. This study looks at the effect of economic growth, trade openness, control of corruption, and regulatory quality on FDI, specifically in developing countries. The analysis method used the Generalised Method of Moments panel. The data used from 2014-2021 with the analysis areas of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand. The results showed that the economic growth variable had a positive and significant effect on FDI, the trade openness variable had a negative and significant effect on FDI, the control of cor-ruption variable had a negative and significant effect on FDI, and the regulatory quality variable had a positive and significant effect on FDI in ASEAN emerging market countries.
 Keywords: Growth, Trade openness, Control of corruption, and Regulatory quality

Comparison of force measurement techniques in a short duration hypersonic facility

Force measurement experiments have been conducted within the University of Oxford’s High Density Tunnel with a 7∘\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$7^{\\circ }$$\\end{document} half-angle cone. The purpose of the study was to provide a direct comparison between two independent force techniques in the same facility at the same free-stream conditions to provide a quantitative and qualitative discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of both techniques. The first force measurement technique used a conventional 4-axis sting-mounted force balance which was calibrated both statically and through the stress wave deconvolution method, whilst the second technique used the less established static free-flight methodology. Experiments were conducted at a Mach 5 test condition which provided sufficient dynamic pressure to generate aerodynamic forces suitable for the measurement range of the force balance. Results for lift, drag and pitching moment coefficients were obtained over a range of angles of attack and compared with predictions from a hypersonic panel method code. Agreement between the independent force techniques and numerical data sets was good over the range of angles of attack. Maximum uncertainties were shown to be 38.46 ± 0.56 N and 22.52 ± 0.44 N for free-flight in lift and drag, respectively, and 38.74 ± 1.59 N and 22.13 ± 1.27 N for the dynamically calibrated force balance which demonstrates the superiority of free-flight.

Ill Health and Labour Market Participation in Tanzania: Empirical Evidence from Tanzania National Panel Surveys

This paper examines the effect of ill health status on labour participation in Tanzania using panel methods with data extracted from three waves of the National Panel Survey datasets of 2010/11, 2012/13, and the extended panel of 2019/20. Based on estimated random effect probit models, the results show that chronic ill health status has a significant negative effect on labour market participation in Tanzania. By locality, both chronic and acute ill health are significant and negative on labour participation in rural areas; whereas by sex chronic ill health is significant and negative on male’s participation. Therefore, the study recommends the adoption of more effective policies and interventions to reduce the prevalence of chronic and acute illness so as to bring more Tanzanians into the labour force. Also, it recommends mainstream employment policy actions to support those with partial work capacity from incurable ill health conditions to take up jobs.

Do office tyrants and centralized decision making drive workplace creative behaviours?

Based on affective events theory and the cognitive–affective processing system, this study explores indirect positive and negative effects of perceived abusive supervision on employee creativity through employees' affective reactions at work and how the centralization of decision making can moderate the associations between employee‐perceived abusive supervision and anxiety/anger. Using a cross‐lagged panel method to collect an effective sample of 200 employee participants which provided three‐week survey data, we tested causality between research variables with a structural equation modelling analysis using Mplus 8.0. The findings showed that a positive effect on employee creativity may occur when an employee experiences anxiety rather than anger when subject to abusive supervision. In addition, the influence of employee‐experienced abusive supervision on employee anger increases when the organization has highly centralized decision making, which hinders employees' creative performance. Theoretically and practically, this study contributes interesting and somewhat conflicting views to three areas of management literature—abusive supervision, employees' affective reactions and creativity management—including challenging the supposition that only uplifting styles of leadership can encourage employees to create new ideas.

Identification of Diverse Multiple Drugs Resistant Bacterial Pathogens using Microscan Panel

Bacterial isolates from clinical sources have increased resistance to antimicrobial agents available and routinely used in developing countries like Ethiopia. One of the control measures of antimicrobial resistance is to know the susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria from clinical specimens and treat patients accordingly. Therefore the objective of the present study is to isolate bacterial pathogens from different clinical specimens and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Clinical samples (urine, blood, pus and discharges from different body sites were cultured and isolation of bacterial pathogens were done following standard bacteriological methods using media recommended by Cheesbrough. Identification of bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done using Micro Scan Identification Panel method. The Panels were read by Micro Scan Auto Scan 4 reader after incubating for 18 to 24 hours at 35o c aerobically. The retrospective data of microbiological culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test results were analysed. A total of 995 clinical specimens were cultured at Bethzatha Bacteriology Lab., Bethzatha Hospital, from May 2021 to February 2022. The most frequent specimens were, urine 87 (32%), blood 77(28%), pus and discharges from different body sites 65(24%). Out of these, 273(27%) yielded different bacterial pathogens. The most dominant gram negative bacterial isolates from urine samples 43/87(49%), 6/87(7%), 7/87(8%) were E. coli, Acinetobacter and Klebsiella spp, respectively in that order. Klebsiella pneumoniae 12/77 (16%) were most frequently isolated from blood culture followed by diverse coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS) 26/77 (33.7%) and S. aureus 15/77(19.5%). The most frequent 20/65(31%) isolates from pus and discharges were S. aureus followed by 12/65(18.5%) CoNS. In the present study, most bacterial isolates from different clinical samples were multiply resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim sulphametoaxzole, levofloxacillin and ampicillin-sulbactam. On the other hand the most frequent Gram negative bacteria, E.coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were most susceptible to amikacin and ertapenem, and the gram positive isolates, S. aureus were most susceptible to levofloxacillin and gentamicin; whereas coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) were most susceptible to gentamicin, tecioplanin, rifampicin, vancomycin, daptomycin. Therefore clinicians should be guided by antimicrobial susceptibility test. In the absence of antimicrobial susceptibility test we suggest that the above mentioned drugs to be most appropriate for empirical treatment in the study hospitals and health settings in Addis Ababa. Furthermore critical measures need to be taken to curb the increasing spread of AMR bacteria.

Isolation and Identification of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococci at Bethzatha Advanced Laboratory, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) are widely spreading. So identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests of methicillin resistant S. aureus and coagulase negative staphylococcus (CoNS) is critical to appropriately treat patients and control the increasing spread of these pathogens. Therefore the aim of the present work is to determine methicillin resistant S.aureus and CoNS from clinical samples sent to BethZatha Advanced Laboratory from different health institutions and Bethzatha Hospital, Addis Ababa, for bacterial isolation, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility. Bacterial isolation, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done using Microscan panel methods (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA) from May 2021 to February 2022 at Bethzatha advanced Medical Laboratory. The retrospective data was analysed to determine methicillin susceptibility of S.aureus and Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS). The finding shows 35% (40/114) S. aureus and 65.8% (75/114) coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) were isolated from different clinical specimens (urine, blood culture, pus and discharges). Out of 40 S. aureus isolates 30% (12/40) were methicillin resistant. Similarly, out of 75 CoNS, 52% (39/75) were methicillin resistant. Almost all methicillin resistant S. aureus and most CoNS isolates were multiply resistant to amoxicillin clavulnate, azithromycin, penicillin and ampicillin. Periodic surveillance and appropriate control measures and safety precautions of nosocomial and community acquired methicillin resistant multidrug resistant, staphylococcus aureus, and CoNS must be given prior attention.

Validation of the psychosocial consequences of screening in lung cancer questionnaire in the international lung screen trial Australian cohort

BackgroundEvaluation of psychosocial consequences of lung cancer screening with LDCT in high-risk populations has generally been performed using generic psychometric instruments. Such generic instruments have low coverage and low power to detect screening impacts. This study aims to validate an established lung cancer screening-specific questionnaire, Consequences Of Screening Lung Cancer (COS-LC), in Australian-English and describe early results from the baseline LDCT round of the International Lung Screen Trial (ILST).MethodsThe Danish-version COS-LC was translated to Australian-English using the double panel method and field tested in Australian-ILST participants to examine content validity. A random sample of 200 participants were used to assess construct validity using Rasch item response theory models. Reliability was assessed using classical test theory. The COS-LC was administered to ILST participants at prespecified timepoints including at enrolment, dependent of screening results.ResultsMinor linguistic alterations were made after initial translation of COS-LC to English. The COS-LC demonstrated good content validity and adequate construct validity using psychometric analysis. The four core scales fit the Rasch model, with only minor issues in five non-core scales which resolved with modification. 1129 Australian-ILST participants were included in the analysis, with minimal psychosocial impact observed shortly after baseline LDCT results.ConclusionCOS-LC is the first lung cancer screening-specific questionnaire to be validated in Australia and has demonstrated excellent psychometric properties. Early results did not demonstrate significant psychosocial impacts of screening. Longer-term follow-up is awaited and will be particularly pertinent given the announcement of an Australian National Lung Cancer Screening Program.Trial registrationNCT02871856.

Predictions of the Hydrodynamic Performance of Horizontal Axis Marine Current Turbines Using a Panel Method Program

The marine current turbine is the mechanical device that captures the kinetic energy of marine current to generate electrical power. This paper presents the application of an academic panel code based on potential flow theory for the analysis of marine current turbines. The aim of this work is also to analyze the effect of the addition of a duct on the hydrodynamic performance of the turbine. The numerical results show that the addition of duct improves significantly the efficiency of the turbine.

INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ON BANKING FIRMS IN INDONESIA

With the rapid advancement of global economic progress, lot of innovation has been made and attract researchers to investigate Intellectual Capital (IC). The purpose of this paper is to find any relationship Intellectual Capital toward Financial Performance. Using Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) Model and the modified version as the research model. This study takes secondary data from companies that published its annual financial statement in Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2017 until 2022. The gathered data then analysed by using regression panel method. This research shows that Human capital doesn’t significantly affect ROA and ROE but does significantly affect ATO in both VAIC model and Modified VAIC model. Structural capital also insignificantly affects ROE and ROE but significantly affect ATO when tested using VAIC model. Capital employed and innovation capital is proven to a positive significant effect to all dependent variables.

Flexibility for equality: Examining the impact of flexible working time arrangements on women's convergence in working hours

AbstractDespite the rise in women's education and their increased participation in the workforce, there is still a lack of gender convergence in working hours. This study explores how flexible working time arrangements (FWTA) affect the convergence of women's working hours to those of men with similar job‐related characteristics. Using the German Socio‐Economic Panel and innovative methods to address endogeneity, the analysis suggests that FWTA, compared to fixed schedules, positively influence women's convergence. This is particularly pronounced among those working full‐time, the more educated, and those aged between 30 and 45. Transitioning to FWTA is associated with increased overtime and childcare hours but it is not related to more housework.

Quantile and Threshold Effect of Electricity Consumption on Happiness in Central Asia

The study for the 1st time examines electricity-happiness nexus in Central Asia over the period 1996-2022 employing Panel methods such as Quantile and threshold regressions. The findings document that the association between electricity and happiness is negative in general. However, the results reveal that economic development stage plays a crucial role in the context of electricity-happiness nexus. More specifically the negative effect of electricity on happiness decreases as economic development grows. Policy implications that focus on developing the economies in a sufficient level to achieve stable electricity supply and transition on renewable energy, should be encouraged consequently the rate of happiness will increase in Central Asian region.

Forced vibration response prediction of Miura-ori core sandwich panel with impact defects

Miura-ori core sandwich panels have great application potential in aviation aircraft. Subject to the impact and vibration loads, the small impact defect will increase the dynamic stress, resulting in fatigue failure. Moreover, the Miura creases complicate the impact deformation, which is extremely time-consuming to analysis the dynamic stress only through simulation. Therefore, a rapid dynamic stress prediction method for Miura-ori core sandwich panels is first proposed based on the predicted impact deformation by arbitrary defects in this paper. The dynamic stress of sandwich panels could be directly calculated with few numerical results by establishing the relationship with impact deformation in advance. The vibration mechanism of sandwich panels with defects is revealed. Although the deformation area is below 32.1 % of Miura cell projection area, the dynamic stress will increase by 1.984–2.635 times with different defects. The impact deformation is predicted by the geometric relationship of Miura creases and material properties, and the prediction errors of hemispherical and drilling defects with arbitrary defect positions are below 12.5 % and 10.6 %, respectively. Taking two types of defects (hemispherical and drilling defects), different defect depths and positions into consideration, the prediction errors of maximum dynamic stress are from -7.9 % to 16.8 % compared to simulation.

The Effect of Spanwise Folding on the Aerodynamic Performance of a Passively Deformed Flapping Wing.

The wings of birds exhibit multi-degree-of-freedom motions during flight. Among them, the flapping folding motion and chordwise passive deformation of the wings are prominent features of large birds in flight, contributing to their exceptional flight capabilities. This article presents a method for the fast and accurate calculation of folding passive torsional flapping wings in the early design stage. The method utilizes the unsteady three-dimensional panel method to solve the aerodynamic force and the linear beam element model to analyze the fluid-structure coupling problem. Performance comparisons of folding flapping wings with different kinematics are conducted, and the effects of various kinematic parameters on folding flapping wings are analyzed. The results indicate that kinematic parameters significantly influence the lift coefficient, thrust coefficient, and propulsion efficiency. Selecting the appropriate kinematic and geometric parameters is crucial for enhancing the efficiency of the folding flapping wing.

A Review on Recycling of Solar Photovoltaic Modules for Recovery of Metals

Solar energy, as a form of renewable energy, has developed rapidly in the past few decades and presents a huge market potential. End-of-life (EOL) photovoltaic solar panels (SP) are regarded as hazardous electronic waste, making their disposal an important environmental concern. On the other hand, recovering priceless metals and stuff from such trash results in significant advantages. The steps of physical and chemical processing that take place during the recycling process will eventually become crucial. Therefore, sustainable ways of end-of-life PV cell handling are essential from both economic and environmental perspectives. This article reviews the various recycling methods for solar modules (SM), it manipulates to separate and recycle various materials in waste solar cells without destroying the integrity of various materials. This study initially, presented the solar panel models and structures, and the need for a recycling method for solar panels. Recovery of metals in the recycle of EOL photovoltaic modules describes the various techniques utilized for recycling, FRELP (Full Recovery End-of-Life Photovoltaics) is a recycling process specifically designed for end-of-life photovoltaic (PV) modules. It involves crushing the modules to separate the glass, semiconductor material, and metals, c-Si (Crystalline Silicon) In the recycling process for c-Si PV modules, the modules are first mechanically shredded to separate the glass, metal, and silicon cells. The cells are then chemically treated to remove impurities and separate the silicon wafers., and CdTe (Cadmium Telluride) recycling process. It also analyses the various recycling processes like mechanical, chemical, and thermal processes. Among them, physical methods are commonly utilized to separate aluminum and other materials of waste solar cells before chemical methods and heat treatment methods. The objective of chemical and heat treatment methods is similar; both are used to achieve a clear elimination of EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) film, which is the outer layer of crystalline silicon that can only be recovered after EVA film has been eliminated. Nevertheless, chemical treatment is suitable for the recovery of metal. As a result, this article also reviews current trends and developments besides the advantages of the recycling process in PV modules (PVM). The findings of the comparison studies show that this method, which combines statistical and attention mechanism recycling methodologies, is guaranteed to offer cost-effective defect detection in general with performance that is comparable to that of modern SOTA (State of the Art). SOTA refers to the most advanced and effective methodologies or techniques available for recycling processes that combine statistical analysis and attention mechanisms.

A Buckling Analysis Method for Composite Panels in Multiweb Box Structures Based on Elastic Boundaries

A Buckling Analysis Method for Composite Panels in Multiweb Box Structures Based on Elastic Boundaries

Identification and Prioritization of Health Indexes in Nomadic Tribespeople by Fuzzy Delphi Method: An Ecological Study.

The migratory lifestyle of nomadic communities, combined with the lack of a suitable health-related organizational structure, has made it difficult to provide health care services that can improve their health status. To achieve the concept of justice in health and sustainable development, it is imperative to improve the health status of all citizens in Iran, which consists of the nomadic communities, and urban and rural populations. In this ecological study national health indexes in nomadic tribespeople was Identified and prioritized by expert panel and fuzzy Delphi method. In the first step, the national health indexes were extracted from the literature, and then indexes that can be measured, evaluated and representative of the nomadic communities were extracted and prioritized by using fuzzy Delphi and TOPSIS methods, Questionnaire options were analyzed according to 3 criteria of economic efficiency, measurability, and simplicity in the form of 13 components and their indicators. The analysis of the results of the fuzzy Delphi method shows that the mental health component has the lowest real score in the criteria of measurability, simplicity and economic efficiency. The child care component has the highest real score in terms of economic efficiency and the vaccination component has the highest real score based on the criteria of measurability and simplicity in nomadic communities. The results of the TOPSIS method show that the components of vaccination, maternal care and child care have the highest priority for attention and investigation of their indicators in this segment of the population. In general, by designing and implementing systems to record the information of priority indexes extracted from the present study, it is possible for responsible organizations to make effective decisions and plans for the improvement of the health status of nomadic communities.

Experimental investigation on wave characteristics due to interference of catamaran demi-hulls in waves

The presence of twin hulls of a catamaran has a strong impact on wave pattern in the whole inner region due to interference between waves generated by each demi-hull. Consequently, wave profiles as well as wave height become complicated and unpredictable in the inner region not only in still water, but also in the presence of waves. Determining wave characteristics between demi-hulls of the catamaran is essential for predicting the operation of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) throughout the launch and recovery (LAR) process. This study performed an experiment to investigate wave characteristics between demi-hulls of the catamaran under regular and irregular waves at various wave directions and speeds. The experiment was designed to measure wave elevation in the inner region between demi-hulls in waves using ultrasonic sensors and capacitance wave probes. The experimental method and setting were verified exacting by comparing the motion response of the catamaran measured by the Qualisys system with numerical simulation using the 3D panel method. Then, wave elevation in the inner region was measured and analyzed to wave height which is a representative parameter of regular waves and to wave spectral density and significant wave height which are representative parameters for irregular waves. These parameters were compared to those of the ocean waves to understand influences of wavelengths, sea states, wave directions, and speeds on wave characteristics between demi-hulls of the catamaran. Plotting of difference from ocean waves indicated the discrepancy in wave characteristics among positions in the inner region, wavelengths, wave directions, sea states, and speeds compared to ocean waves. Results of wave characteristics in the inner region are valuable to analyze motion response and behavior of AUV during LAR process of unmanned surface vehicle (USV).

Extended panel method to study sounding rocket aerodynamics

Extended panel method to study sounding rocket aerodynamics

Has the Development of Inter-Provincial Transportation Infrastructure Improved the Construction of China’s Unified Market?

With the implementation of regional development policies in recent years, transportation infrastructure has greatly promoted regional economic development, but what impact it has on the construction of market integration in the local and surrounding regions has not been specifically answered. Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2010 to 2021, this paper uses the spatial panel method to study the impact of transportation infrastructure development and the construction of national unified market and its spatial spillover effects. The empirical results show that there is significant spatial auto-correlation between inter-provincial transport infrastructure and market integration. Railway density plays a greater role in promoting the national unified market. The government expenditure and foreign direct investment play a positive role in promoting the construction of a unified national market, while the dependence of foreign trade inhibits the development of market integration. In the analysis of spatial spillover effects, the direct effect of railway density is significantly higher than that of highway. The government should strengthen the quality and efficiency of railway transportation, promote the scale of foreign direct investment of enterprises, and actively promote the construction of national unified market.