Pancreatoduodenectomy For Ductal Adenocarcinoma Research Articles

Impact of preoperative statin medication on long-term outcomes after pancreatoduodenectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma: an international multicentric cross-sectional study

PurposeStatin treatment has been shown in certain population studies and meta-analyses to improve survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study assessed if patients with statin treatment had better overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) after upfront pancreatoduodenectomy for PDAC.MethodsConsecutive PDAC patients were retrospectively collected from three centers in Europe and USA (study period: 2000–2017). Adult patients who underwent upfront pancreatoduodenectomy and survived the first 90 postoperative days were included. Patients with metastasis at diagnosis or with macroscopic incomplete resection were excluded. Patients were considered under statin if started at least one month before pancreatoduodenectomy. Survival rates were calculated using Kaplan–Meier method and compared with log-rank test.ResultsA total of 496 patients were included. Median age was 67 years (IQR 59–75), 48% (n = 236) were women, and 141 patients (28%) received statin treatment already preoperatively. Patients with and without statin treatment were comparable in terms of demographics and pre-/intraoperative characteristics, except for age and pre-existing diabetes. Median OS and DFS were similar in patients with and without statin treatment (OS: 29, 95% CI 22–36 vs. 27 months, 95% CI 22–32, p = 0.370, DFS: 18, 95% CI 14–22 vs. 16 months, 95% CI 14–18, p = 0.430). On multivariable Cox regression, lymph node involvement (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6–2.2, p < 0.001), tumor differentiation (HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.6, p = 0.003), and postoperative chemotherapy (HR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4–0.7, p < 0.001) were predictors of OS, whereas statin treatment was not a prognostic factor (HR 0.9, 95% CI 0.7–1.2, p = 0.376).ConclusionIn this international cohort of PDAC patients, statin treatment did not influence survival after upfront pancreatoduodenectomy. Nodal involvement, tumor differentiation, and postoperative chemotherapy were independent predictors of OS.

Impact of Preoperative Statin Medication on Long-term Outcomes after Pancreatoduodenectomy for Ductal Adenocarcinoma: An International Multicentric Cross-sectional Study

Impact of Preoperative Statin Medication on Long-term Outcomes after Pancreatoduodenectomy for Ductal Adenocarcinoma: An International Multicentric Cross-sectional Study

Diversified Effects of Bile Contamination, Postoperative Infections, and Antimicrobial Resistance Level on the Oncologic Prognosis After Pancreatoduodenectomy for Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Whether the presence of bacteria in the bile or postoperative infections sustained by microorganisms with different levels of drug-resistance are associated with changes in the oncologic prognosis of patients undergoing surgery for pancreatic cancer has not been thoroughly investigated. The aim was to study the association of bile contamination, postoperative infections, and multi-level resistance with long-term outcome. Prospectively maintained databases were queried for patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). Patients who underwent preoperative biliary stenting prior to PD and an intraoperative bile culture were included. The levels of bacterial resistance of intraoperative bile cultures and of specimens of postoperative infections were stratified into multidrug sensitive (MDS), multidrug-resistant (MDR), and extensive drug-resistant (XDR). A total of 267 patients met the inclusion criteria. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves for overall survival (OS) of patients having no bacteriobilia or positive cultures with MDS versus MDR/XDR bacteria were not statistically different (log-rank=0.9). OS of patients stratified for no postoperative infection or infections by MDS was significantly better than those having MRD/XDR isolates (log-rank=0.04). A Cox multivariate model showed that having MRD/XDR postoperative infections was and independent variable for worse OS (HR=1.227; 95%CI=1.189-1.1918; p=0.036). Postoperative drug resistant infections are a significant risk factor for poor OS after pancreatoduodenectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma.

External validation of three nomograms predicting survival using an international cohort of patients with resected pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma

Abstract Objective Lymph node ratio (LNR, positive lymph nodes/collected lymph nodes during surgery) was identified as an important prognostic factor of survival in resected pancreatic cancer. Several nomograms based on LNR were recently proposed to predict survival after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). The present study aimed to externally validate 3 published nomograms using an international cohort. Methods Consecutive patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head who underwent PD without neoadjuvant treatment from 6 tertiary centers in Europe and the USA were retrospectively collected from 2000 to 2017. Patients with metastases at diagnosis, R2 resection, missing data regarding LNR, and who died within 90 postoperative days were excluded. The 3 selected nomograms were the updated Amsterdam nomogram (including LNR, adjuvant therapy, margin status, and tumor grade), the nomogram by Pu et al. (including LNR, age, tumor grade, and T stage) and the nomogram by Li et al. (including LNR, age, tumor location, grade, size, and TNM stage). Overall survivals (OS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method. For the validation, calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test), discrimination capacity (ROC curves for 3-year OS), and clinical utility (sensitivity and specificity at the value of Youden index) were assessed. Results After exclusion of 95 patients with metastases, R2 resection, and who died within 90 postoperative days, 1167 patients were included. Median OS of the entire cohort was 23 months (95% confidence interval: 21-24). For the 3 nomograms, Kaplan-Meier curves showed significant diminution of OS with increasing scores (p &amp;lt; 0.01 for the 3 nomograms). All nomograms showed good calibration (non significant Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit tests). For the updated Amsterdam nomogram, the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) for 3-year OS was 0.66. Sensitivity and specificity were 73% and 50%. Regarding the nomogram by Pu et al., the AUROC was 0.67. Sensitivity and specificity were 65% and 60%. For the nomogram by Li et al., the AUROC was 0.67, while sensitivity and specificity were 56% and 71%. Conclusion The 3 selected nomograms were validated using an external international cohort and displayed interesting and comparable predictive values. Those nomograms may be used in clinical practice to estimate survival after PD for ductal adenocarcinoma.

External Validation of Three Nomograms Predicting Survival Using an International Cohort of Patients with Resected Pancreatic Head Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Purpose: Lymph node ratio (LNR, positive lymph nodes/collected lymph nodes during surgery) was identified as an important prognostic factor of survival in resected pancreatic cancer. Several nomograms based on LNR were recently proposed to predict survival after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). The present study aimed to externally validate 3 published nomograms using an international cohort. Methods: Consecutive patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head who underwent PD without neoadjuvant treatment were retrospectively collected from 6 tertiary centers in Europe and the USA from 2000 to 2017. Patients with metastases at diagnosis, R2 resection, missing data regarding LNR, and who died within 90 postoperative days were excluded. The 3 selected nomograms were the updated Amsterdam nomogram (including LNR, adjuvant therapy, margin status, and tumor grade), the nomogram by Pu et al. (including LNR, age, tumor grade, and T stage) and the nomogram by Li et al. (including LNR, age, tumor location, grade, size, and TNM stage). Overall survivals (OS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method. For the validation, calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test), discrimination capacity (ROC curves for 3-year OS), and clinical utility (sensitivity and specificity at the value of Youden index) were assessed. Results: After exclusion of 95 patients with metastases, R2 resection, and who died within 90 postoperative days, 1167 patients were included. Median OS of the entire cohort was 23 months (95% CI: 21-24). For the 3 nomograms, Kaplan-Meier curves showed significant diminution of OS with increasing scores (p<0.01 for the 3 nomograms). All nomograms showed good calibration (non significant Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit tests). For the updated Amsterdam nomogram, the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) for 3-year OS was 0.66. Sensitivity and specificity were 73% and 50%. Regarding the nomogram by Pu et al., the AUROC was 0.67. Sensitivity and specificity were 65% and 60%. For the nomogram by Li et al., the AUROC was 0.67, while sensitivity and specificity were 56% and 71%. Conclusion: The 3 selected nomograms were validated using an external international cohort and displayed interesting and comparable predictive values. Those nomograms may be used in clinical practice to estimate survival after PD for ductal adenocarcinoma.

Single-layer versus duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy in pyloruspreserving pancreatoduodenectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma—an analysis of a single surgeon’s series

Background Despite considerable efforts there is no consensus regarding the ideal reconstruction method for the pancreatic remnant after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Pancreatoduodenectomy for Ductal Adenocarcinoma in the Very Elderly; Is It Safe and Justified?

BackgroundThe outcomes of complex major surgery in the elderly are being scrutinized because of the demands on surgical services by an aging population and the concern whether such endeavors are justified. Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic adenocarcinoma presents special challenges because of the high morbidity of the procedure, dismal prognosis of the disease, and the increasing incidence of pancreatic cancer with age. MethodsAll patients who underwent PD for pancreatic adenocarcinoma from 1981 to 2007 were analyzed for perioperative outcomes, tumor-related parameters, use of adjuvant therapy, and long-term survival. Specifically those aged ≥80 years were compared with a control group aged ≤80 years. Continuous variables are displayed as median and interquartile range (IQR); log-rank test and Cox’s proportional hazards were used to determine survival and effect of age as an independent marker against other covariates. ResultsFifty-three patients aged ≥80 years underwent PD. Twenty-six (51%) developed complications, including delayed gastric emptying (nine, 17%), pancreatic leak (six, 11%), and postoperative bleeding (five, 9%). There was one in-hospital death (2%). The hospital stay was 13.5 days (IQR 9–19). Forty-one (79%) patients were discharged home; of the 11 (21%) patients who went to an outside health care facility (pancreatic leak/drains and feeding issues—five, delayed gastric emptying/nutritional—four, no home support—one), one died in a nursing home at 5 months while the other ten patients returned to their previous abode (median 4 weeks). The median disease-free and overall survivals were 11.8 (IQR 7.8–18.4) and 13.5 months (IQR 12–21.3). Compared to the non-octogenarians (n = 567), the older population had more poor risk patients with respect to ASA status (P < 0.0004), stayed longer as in-patients (P < 0.04), were more likely to develop complications (P < 0.001), and were less likely to receive adjuvant therapy (P < 0.0001). There was no difference in long-term disease-free or overall survival (log-rank P < 0.30 and P < 0.14), and age did not appear to be an independent marker of prognosis when analyzed (Cox’s proportional hazards P < 0.26; chi-square, 1.25). ConclusionsIn experienced institutions, PD for ductal adenocarcinoma is a viable option in the ambulatory octogenarian population who are deemed operative candidates for a PD. The trade off is a greater complication rate and the prospect of discharge (one in five) to a chronic care facility. The majority, however, can be discharged home with a reasonable functional status, and those discharged to temporary health care rehabilitation facilities are likely to make a recovery over a few weeks.

T1660 Pancreatoduodenectomy for Ductal Adenocarcinoma in the Very Elderly; Is it Safe and Justified?

T1660 Pancreatoduodenectomy for Ductal Adenocarcinoma in the Very Elderly; Is it Safe and Justified?