Oil Palm Fiber Research Articles

Enhancement of the nutritive values of some agro-industrial waste products by solid state fermentation.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of biodegradation on the nutrient contents of rice bran (RB), cassava residual pulp (CRP), saw dust (SD) and palm oil fibre (POF) by Penicilium sp. RB, CRP, SD and POF were subjected to solid state fermentation by Penicilium sp. for 7 days and the process was terminated by oven drying at 700C for 24hours. The fermented samples were thoroughly mixed, dried and stored in sterile bottles for analyses. Results of proximate composition before and after biodegradation revealed that percentage improvement in crude protein, ether extract, ash, and gross energy were significantly (P<0.05) higher in CRP compared to RB, SD and POF. Similarly, percentage reduction in crude fibre after biodegradation was highest (P><0.05) in CRP compared to other agro industrial wastes products. It was evident that solid state fermentation using Penicillium sp enhanced the crude protein value and reduced the crude fibre contents of rice bran, cassava residual pulp, saw dust and palm oil fibre thereby increasing nutrient availability and their utilization as feed alternative ingredients for farm animal nutrition. ><0.05) higher in CRP compared to RB, SD and POF. Similarly, percentage reduction in crude fibre after biodegradation was highest (P<0.05) in CRP compared to other agro industrial wastes products. It was evident that solid state fermentation using Penicillium sp enhanced the crude protein value and reduced the crude fibre contents of rice bran, cassava residual pulp, saw dust and palm oil fibre thereby increasing nutrient availability and their utilization as feed alternative ingredients for farm animal nutrition.><0.05) n CRP compared to other agro industrial wastes products. It was evident that solid state fermentation using Penicillium sp enhanced the crude protein value and reduced the crude fibre contents of rice bran, cassava residual pulp, saw dust and palm oil fibre thereby increasing nutrient availability and their utilization as feed alternative ingredients for farm animal nutrition.

Digestive disorders associated with the consumption of palm fiber (Elaeis guineensis) in feedlot cattle

ABSTRACT: Digestive disorders in cattle are associated with the breeding system and feed provided to the animals. Abomasal compaction is primarily related to the ingestion of forage with elevated levels of lignin, low quality, and difficult digestibility. In addition, the excess of fibrous food in the diet can lead to phytobezoars that may be responsible for intestinal obstruction disorders. This study aimed to describe pathological and clinical aspects of an outbreak of digestive disorders associated with the consumption of palm fiber (Elaeis guineensis). The outbreak struck a herd of 499 animals raised in a feedlot system after a change in diet that included an increase in the amount of palm fiber. Forty (8.01%) animals showed clinical signs such as fattening and regurgitation during rumination, and 21 (4.2%) animals died later. The cattle affected presented with apathy, emaciation, dehydration, distended abdomen, incomplete or absent ruminal movements, and congestive mucosa. Three animals were submitted to necropsy, and distended rumen and reticulum has a large amount of brownish liquid, long and tangled vegetable fibers with sand and stones. In two animals, the omasum had many rounded structures measuring approximately 5cm in diameter, made of vegetable fiber (phytobezoars). Abomasum of animals had similar material to the rumen, and one animal had compressed content. In two animals, dilatation was observed in the small intestine, and in the opening, the total obstruction of the lumen by phytobezoar was observed. During the follow-up of the slaughter of 76 cattle, 15 (19.7%) had phytobezoars of different sizes in the omasum and abomasum. The increased amount of oil palm fiber in animal feeding favored the occurrence of compression abomasum and intestinal obstruction phytobezoa, causing significant economic losses.

Natural Fibers Concrete Model Using Points Launching Algorithm in Thermal Conductivity Prediction

The current work presenting a 3D model in new technique fibers distribution of concrete composite for thermal conductivity prediction. In order to understand thermal interaction of the wall for an insulating system, the model provides four level range of fibers number (100, 150, 200 and 250 fibers number) to analyze fiber network existing. The fibers constructed by points neighbor attach from randomly launching order to perform such spline. MATLAB software was reliable to generate fibers structure algorithm before export to computer-aided design file. The natural fibers of oil palm, coconut and sugar cane were simulated using finite element method to study characteristic and nature behavior for insulating material. Representative volume element and grid independence study was analysis for validation model. The simulation demonstrated that improvement in insulating material around 0.65% by using 250 coconut fibers number which lower compare to plain concrete even to oil palm and coconut fiber.

Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB): Influence of Alkali and Acid Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF)

Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) are abundance residues from palm oil plantation was recognised as a potential material for manufacture such as particleboard and medium density fibreboard (MDF). The objective of this study is to identify and assess the potential effects of chemical treatment and concentration on the mechanical and bonding properties of MDF from EFB oil palm fibres. The EFB fibres were treated at 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8% of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and acetic acid (CH?COOH), and the fibres were used in the MDF production. Mechanical test included modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and internal bonding (IB) were conducted. Between the chemical treatment and the concentration, the chemical types used had a more prominent effect compared to the concentration. This study also shows that both treatments resulted in different MDF performance, where acid acetic fibre produced better bending and bonding properties. The optimum condition was 0.4% for NaOH and 0.6% for CH?COOH to produced panels with good strength and better dimensional stability. Such sample for 0.4% NaOH had 17.9 MPa, 1297 MPa and 0.48 MPa, and for 0.6% CH?COOH had 22.1 MPa, 1641 MPa and 0.56 MPa, for MOR, MOE and IB, respectively.

STUDI PEMANFAATAN ABU TERBANG LIMBAH HASIL PEMBAKARAN CAMPURAN CANGKANG DAN SERABUT KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI SEMEN PADA PEMBUATAN BETON NORMAL DI LAHAN BASAH

According to the Badan Pusat Statistik data in 2018, the total area of oil palm plantations in Indonesia currently reaches around 12.3 million hectares. Solid waste is the most waste, which is around 35-40% of the total Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) which is processed in the form of empty fruit bunches, fiber, fruit shells, and burnt ash. PT. Hasnur Citra Terpadu in Rantau, Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan is one of the Palm Oil Mill which in the combustion process of a boiler engine using oil palm shells and fibers is burned simultaneously. The result of the combustion process produces waste in the form of boiler crust ash which is fine textured (fly ash) and coarse textured (bottom ash). This study uses fly ash as a cement substitution for concrete mixtures. The making of mortar specimens was varied with fly ash with a percentage of 0%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% which will be tested for compressive strength at the age of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days. Then the making of concrete specimens is planned with a quality of 25 MPa and the concrete compressive strength is tested at the age of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days and 56 days and the split tensile strength test of the concrete at 28 days. Based on the results of the mortar compressive strength analysis, the optimum mixture of fly ash is 10% which is used for making concrete. The average compressive strength of normal concrete at 28 days is 26.33 MPa and the compressive strength of concrete with 10% fly ash (optimum concrete) is 26.14 MPa exceeding the design compressive strength of 25 MPa. Based on the results of the split tensile strength test of concrete at the age of 28 days, it was obtained 3,914 MPa for normal concrete and 3,466 MPa for optimum concrete.

Physicochemical properties and storage stability of mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivated on single (sawdust) and mixed substrates (sawdust and oil palm fibre)

Oyster mushroom nutrientshave been rated side by side with proteinsin meat and eggs. Oyster mushroomsarehigh in vitamins and essential amino acids, but theircultivation is poor. Oil palm fibre is being used in making material strength in mechanical engineering with little or no use in the cultivation of food products. This study determined the physicochemical properties and storage stability of mushroomscultivated on single and mixed substrates (sawdust and oil palm fibre). Oil palm fibremixed with sawdust at different ratios (95:5, 90:10 and 85:15) was used to grow oyster mushroomsin other to turn waste to wealth. The oyster mushroomscultivated on both single and mixed substratesweresubjected to proximate composition analysis (22.99, 4.54, 6.93,and 6.98%, for crude protein, fat, fibre, and ash),mineral content (5.92 mg/100g for sodium and 25.76 mg/100g for potassium), amino acid profile (155.85 mg/g for a total essential amino acid), fatty acid profile (43.82% for linoleic acid), anti-nutritional factor, and storage stability for three months. The mushroomscultivated on the mixed substrate (oil palm fibre + sawdust) havea higher proximate composition, mineral content, amino acid profile,and fatty acid profiles than mushroomscultivated on a single substrate (sawdust). Although the peroxide value of the oyster mushroom samples from the mixed substrates increased with storage time, the peroxide value was lower than 10 meq/kg of fat throughout the storage period,which means the samples could still be considered stable during storage. Cultivation of oyster mushroomson mixed substrates of oil palm fibreand sawdust should be encouraged for highly nutritious oyster mushroom production. Oil palm fibre can also serve as a raw material in mushroom cultivation.

Evaluation of low-cost high performance solid-state supercapacitor derived from physically and chemically activated oil palm fiber

This study is geared towards harnessing the promises of Oil Palm Fiber (OPF) as a renewable substitute for electrode material of supercapacitor. Physical and chemical activation conversion methods were used to activate OPF. The structural and physiochemical properties of the activated carbon derived from OPF were studied and analyzed using FESEM, XRD, BET, XPS, and FTIR. The electrochemical properties of supercapacitors fabricated from P_OPF and C_OPF were studied and reported using cyclic voltammetry, Galvanostatic charge discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

The Design of Experimental Production of Briquette Solid Fuel from Oil Palm Fiber and Kernel Meal Residual

The objective of this research was to study the experimental design for the production of briquette solid fuel from oil palm fiber and kernel meal residue by Factorial Design. Independent variables consisted of mixture ratio of oil palm fiber to oil palm kernel meal residue, percent of coordinate volume and the briquette forming pressure whereas the dependent variables were composed of compression resistance value, impact resistance value and combustion rate. The results of the experimental design showed that at 20 tons of forming pressure, the mixture ratio of kernel meal residue to oil palm fiber 80:20 and 20 percent of coordinate volume provided the best compression resistance value of 2,636 Newton with 85.75% impact resistance value, combustion rate of 1.71 Grams/Minute, heating value of 4386.3 Calories/Gram and the density of 700 Kilograms/Cubic Meter.

Design and development of engineering component using natural rubber biocomposites

AbstractThe potential usage of natural rubber biocomposites in engineering products was investigated. The engineering product fabricated is a rubber bush which is widely used in the automobile industry. Three different types of rubber: 25 % mol epoxidised natural rubber, 50 % mol epoxidised natural rubber and deproteinised natural rubber reinforced with eggshell powder and oil palm fibres hybrid biofillers were studied. The mould flow simulation was carried out to study the flow of the rubber in an existing mould cavity. A thermogravimetric analysis was carried out on both the eggshell powder and oil palm fibres and it was observed that the eggshell powder is more stable thermally compared to the oil palm fibres. Static test was conducted to study the static stiffness properties. Dynamic test was also conducted to study the dynamic stiffness and the loss angle. The results of the tests showed promising mechanical properties of the 25 % mol epoxidised natural rubber biocomposites. Further research should be conducted on other biofillers that is capable of improving the properties of the rubber to replace the use of carbon black in the 25 % mol epoxidised natural rubber biocomposite.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ABU SABUT KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGGANTI SEBAGIAN SEMEN TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN PAVING BLOCK

The Oil palm fiber ash has a silica content of 59.1% which make it possible as a partial replacement for cement. This research was aimed to determine the effect of oil palm fiber ash as a partial replacement of cement to compressive strength of paving block. The specimens was made with a size of 20 cm x 10 cm x 6 cm and used a ratio of 1 cement: 3 sand with the variations of the substitution of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% of the volume cement. The water requirement used the initial flow test according to SNI 03-6882-2002 with each variation had the same amount of water. Specimens printed were soaked in a soaking tub at the age of 1 day for 12 days, then cut into cubes of 5 cm all side using a grinder. The testing of the compressive strength was done at the age of 14 days. Results of the average compressive strength in variations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15% were respectively 15,13 MPa, 15,36 MPa, 16,02 MPa, 12,97 MPa, 12,16 MPa, 10.00 MPa and 8.01 MPa. The test results showed that the highest increase occurred on the replacement variation of 5% (5.85% from normal paving block) and the maximum decrease occurred on the replacement variation of 15% which was equal to - 47.09% from the normal paving block. The results of the research indicate that the partial replacement of cement with oil palm fiber ash above 5% of the cement volume decreased the compressive strength of paving block. Keywords : oil palm fiber ash, compressive strength, paving block.

Analysis of Sound Transmission Loss on Perforated-Natural Fibre Sandwich Panels

Sound transmission loss (STL) is a study about the sound energy that is prevented from transmitting through a wall or a partition, it is essential especially for noise insulation applications. The main aim of this study is to investigate and analyse the STL capability of perforated-natural fibre sandwich panels, which acted as sound insulation material. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of perforation diameter of perforated panel on STL, as well as to determine the optimum hybridisation combination sandwich panel of perforated panel with natural fibre that deliver good STL. In this study, STL measurement was carried out by using two-load impedance tube method coupled with LMS Test Lab software and LMS SCADAS Mobile DAQ system. Natural fibres used in this study are coconut fibre, oil palm fibre, and pineapple leaf fibre. The natural fibres were prepared in cylindrical shape with three different thicknesses of 1 cm, 2 cm, and 3 cm to fit into the sample holder of impedance tube. Each natural fibre will be tested after it was hybridised with a perforated panel of different perforation diameter size and the STL measurement results are obtained and analysed. The measurement results show all samples had reached their highest STL at the frequency range 3000 Hz to 4000 Hz. In addition, pineapple leaf fibre hybridised with a perforated panel of 3mm’s perforation diameter is considered the optimum combination where it achieved the highest STL of 71.80 dB among all the test samples.

Synthesis and characterization of TiO2 and palm oil fiber ash hybrid photocatalysts for seawater pretreatment

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been used in various applications such as air purification, water purification, and photoelectrochemical conversion systems. However, developing advanced materials with enhanced performance for catalytic applications, especially water treatment, is highly required. This work aims to study the effect of (TiO2) photocatalyst in pretreatment seawater desalination. The catalyst with a mass ratio of TiO2: palm oil fibre ash (POFA) at 0:100, 40:60, 60:40, and 100:0 was synthesized via wet impregnation. The catalyst was calcined at 500 ℃ for four hours. The mixture of artificial seawater and catalyst at a mass ratio of photocatalyst: artificial seawater at 1:300 was put in a one-litre borosilicate photo-reactor fixed with mercury light of 350 nm for two hours with stirring at 1000 rpm. In this investigation, an evaporator was used to collect the freshwater. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized via X-Ray Diffractogram (XRD), Nitrogen physisorption analysis, Diffuse Reflectance Spectrometer (DRS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The catalyst with Ti: palm oil fibre ash (POFA) at 40:60 and 60:40 can reduce the COD at 45 % and 41%, respectively. As more OPFA was added into the hybrid TiO2 catalyst, there has been a change in the properties of seawater due to the use of special evaporators, especially EC and TDS. It can be deduced that the hybrid TiO2 photocatalyst synthesized with OPFA has vast potential to treat seawater.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE FAILURE OF FLAME RETARDANT BASED COMPOSITE LAMINATES UNDER MECHANICAL LOADING

Composite laminates have distinct interface comprising reinforcements from both synthetic or natural sources and polymers which make them favourable in the world of composites due to the intrinsic benefits they possess. Composite laminates from natural sources have shown to be highly susceptible to flame and have been improved by the addition of flame retardants (FR) during processing. The effect of the FR on the mechanical behaviour of these composite laminates is quite unclear and has not been given the in-depth attention. In this paper, the effect of FR of two set of composite laminates on mechanical failure was assessed. The two set of composite laminates comprising oil palm fibre composite (OPFC) and wood sawdust composite (WSC) were processed with polyester resin and six (6) FR using hand-lay compression moulding. The FRs were derived from aluminium tri-hydroxide (ATH), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), gum Arabic powder (GAP) and carbon black (CB) at 12%, 15% and 18% loading ratios. Specimen cut from the composite laminates were tested for failure under tensile and flexural loading using the universal testing machine (UTM). The results obtained shows that the addition of 15%APP-GAP/CB in WSC and 12%APP-GAP in WSC exhibited an outstanding performance in improving tensile and flexural strength of the composite laminates by 154% (from 9.67MPa to 24.56MPa) and 103.4% (from 42.14MPa to 85.7MPa) respectively compared to those without FR while the FR in OPFC did not show any significant improvements. It can be concluded that FR with particulate reinforcement could improve the mechanical behaviour of composite laminates as a suitable reinforcement.
 Suoware, T. O. | Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ekowe, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Oil Palm Fiber (OPF) Partial Replacement of Cement

This research showed the results of experiments effect use of oil palm fibre (OPF) from oil palm industry as partial replacement for ordinary Portland cement. Research on the reuse of waste materials in the concrete industry has been quite intensive in the past decade. The objective of this research is to identify the Effect of oil palm fibre as a partial cement replacement in the production of concrete. After the treatment, the economical ways to dispose of it is by using landfill method. But due to a limited landfill site in Malaysia and it is the temporary solution for the disposal of the waste, it becomes a problem to Malaysia and the number of the oil palm fibre keeping increase year by year because of the population increase year by year too. The results showed that oil palm fibre (OPF) greatly improved the compressive and flexural strength of concrete. The rate of water absorption of oil palm fibre (OPF) concrete was reduced as oil palm fibre filled up the existing voids, making it more impermeable. However, the compressive strength of the oil palm fibre concrete decreases gradually when the amount of oil palm fibre (OPF) increased. It can be concluded that the optimum percentage of oil palm fibre as a partial cement replacement is 10%. In this direction, an experimental investigation of ultrasonic pulse velocity, carbonation test, compressive strength, flexural strength and water absorption was undertaken to use oil palm fiber and admixtures as partial replacement for cement in concrete.

Analisis Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Pabrik Kelapa Sawit menjadi Bahan Bakar PLTU (Studi Kasus : PT. Agro Mitra Madani Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat)

Palm oil mills as raw materials for domestic industry and are the main export commodities can potentially produce solid waste that needs to be treated in order to avoid environmental pollution. The best treatment is if the waste is used as an energy source. The study was conducted to determine the energy produced from the utilization of palm shell and palm fiber solid waste carried out at PT Agro Mitra Madani, Tanjung Jabung Barat District, Jambi Province. This study aims to determine the number of shells and fibers produced and used as materials for boilers, analysis of electrical energy from solid waste of palm shells and fibers, and mass balance analysis from the burning of shells and fibers. The composition of the boiler is 25% shell and 75% fiber. The energy used by factories from shell and fiber solid waste is the amount of energy produced multiplied by the length of shift time, which is 7 hours. The plant's electricity demand is 4,900 kWh and the amount of electricity produced from the fibers and shells as boiler fuel is 8,253 kWh. Based on the calculation results, it can be seen that the excess power for 7 hours is 3,353 kWh and the amount of residue is 654 kg / shift. These results indicate that the utilization of oil palm shells and fiber into electrical energy is feasible.

Modeling of Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Palm Oil and Tocopherols Based on Volumetric Axial Dispersion

This article illustrates an application of the volumetric dispersion model in supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The objectives were to obtain more insight into the mass transfer mechanisms and to clarify a specific rate-dominating mechanism for kinetics to incorporate with the flow model in the extraction process. Experimental results and predictions from models were calibrated to exhibit the role of axial dispersion. The residual oil in pressed oil-palm fibers was extracted in the first experiment. In the second experiment, α-tocopherol was extracted from palm oil. Two-mechanisms, the extraction of easily accessible solute from damaged cells and diffusion-controlled extraction from intact cells, were unified using a suitable switching function. Axial dispersion played a significant role in the constant extraction-rate period in the first experiment. The α-tocopherol extraction rates confirmed the role of axial dispersion through estimated Peclet numbers between 2.5 and 4.5.

Proses Optimasi Produksi Bioetanol dari Limbah Serat Buah Sawit dengan Metode SHF

The Indonesian government is trying to equalize development including the energy sector. The government launched the use of alternative energy starting in 2008 with a blueprint for searching and utilizing new renewable energy sources in Indonesia through biofuels, one of the alternative energy developed is bioethanol. The research objective is the optimization of the SHF method bioethanol production process from palm fruit fiber waste.
 The experimental design uses central composite design with variable H2SO4 concentration and fermentation time. The first stage in the study was by saccharifying the palm oil fiber waste by the hydrolysis method using H2SO4 (concentrations of 1 M, 2 M, and 3 M). Then the next stage is fermentation process (fermentation time is 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days). Sugar content analysis was carried out in the fermen solution and analysis of bioethanol levels in each running experiment. Then the optimization is done with the response surface method (RSM).
 Based on the research, the optimum condition of the bioethanol production process is H2SO4 concentration of 2.76 M with a fermentation time of 4.64 days which will produce bioethanol levels of 28.6027 g/L.

Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid/Oil Palm Fiber Composites by Alkali Treatment

The aim of this work is the improvement of mechanical properties of oil palm fiber (OPF) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites by using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment. NaOH concentrations (0 to 15 %wt.) and treatment times (0 to 30 min) were varied to determine the suitable condition for surface treatment of OPF. Aspect ratio (L/D) and the surface texture of OPF were investigated by using an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The result suggested that the most suitable condition for surface treatment of OPF was NaOH concentration of 10 %wt. at immersion time of 20 min. Aspect ratio and surface roughness of OPF increased after alkali treatment. For the effect of alkali treatment on the mechanical properties of the composite, it was evaluated by tensile and impact testings and SEM technique. The results showed that surface treatment with NaOH led to enhance mechanical properties of the composite due to improvement of interfacial adhesion.

Thermochemical conversion of oil palm Fiber‐LDPE hybrid waste into biochar

AbstractTypical municipal solid waste (MSW) is composed mainly of biomass and polymers. In this study, the co‐conversion of a feedstock obtained from a mixture of both constituent materials is investigated. The goal of this study was to determine the suitability of a low‐temperature process for achieving biochar with properties that can make it amenable to multiple energy and environmental applications. Co‐carbonization of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fiber (OPF) and low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) was conducted at a peak temperature of 529 °C for 80 min in a top‐lit updraft biomass conversion reactor using retort heating. The biochar yields for OPF and OPF‐LDPE were 15.9 wt% and 62.7 wt%, respectively, with the higher yield of the latter attributed to a polymer effect. The OPF and OPF‐LDPE biochars were mesoporous with relatively large specific surface areas of 352.9 and 391.4 m2 g−1, respectively. The addition of LDPE to the OPF feedstock was observed to be advantageous as it improved the biochar yield, carbon content, specific surface area, and pore volume. Consequently, the technology of choice for solid waste management offers key environment‐friendly benefits such as no electrical power requirement, an excellent waste‐to‐wealth approach, and the capacity to be used globally (in remote locations). © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Production of valuable chemicals from oil palm biomass using hot-compressed water method

Oil palm industry discharges a large amount of biomass waste which can be converted into energy and chemicals. Hence, several biomass conversion methods are available, such as fermentation, pyrolysis, and gasification. In this work, the hot-compressed water method was proposed to produce valuable chemicals from oil palm biomass (oil palm fiber, shell, and empty fruit bunches). Each material was individually treated in a batch autoclave reactor at 200–300 °C for 30 min. After separation, the total organic carbon of the liquid product was measured by a Shimadzu TOC-5000A instrument, while its composition was analyzed by HPLC and GC/MC apparatus. Experimental results showed that liquid product of oil palm wastes contains various chemicals such as glucose, xylose, 5-HMF, furfural, acetic acid, formic acid, phenol, catechol, and phenol 2,6-di-methoxy. This liquid product composition was strongly dependent on the temperature treatment. In general, sugar-derived compounds (glucose, xylose, 5-HMF, furfural, acetic acid, formic acid) were primarily found in lower temperature; meanwhile, lignin-derived compounds (phenol, catechol, and phenol 2,6-di-methoxy) were mainly obtained in higher temperature.