Palm Kernel Fatty Acid Research Articles

Properties of soaps derived from distilled palm stearin and palm kernel fatty acids

AbstractSoaps made from blends of distilled palm stearin (PS) and palm (PK) kernel fatty acids were evaluated for total fatty matter, sodium chloride content, moisture content, hardness, Hunter whiteness, foamability, iodine value, titer value, and acid value. Data showed that these soaps had properties similar to palm‐based soaps made from distilled palm oil and palm kernel fatty acids. The soaps showed good whiteness (greater than 80%) and foamability. Total fatty matter ranged from 10–18%, sodium chloride content was 0.5%, and free caustic was 0.1% except for blend 8 containing 10 PS:90 PK, which had a free caustic of 0.03%. Initial penetration value, a reflection of soap hardness, ranged from 32–126 mm, with an average value of 54 mm. This value is within the range of the best blends of palm‐based soaps (50–63 mm). There was no obvious trend observed. Penetration value, however was found to stabilize after a month of storage with an average value of 19.4 mm. Soap with this hardness value is relatively hard and therefore should be blended with a small amount of soft oils.

Efficient synthesis of fatty monoglyceride sulfates from fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters

AbstractAn efficient high yield synthesis of fatty monoglyceride sulfates from fatty acids or fatty acid methyl esters, glycerine and chlorosulfuric acid in chloroform using stoichiometric amounts of reagents was developed. Sodium coco monoglyceride sulfate was prepared in 79% yield with 93% purity from coco fatty acids. Similarly, sodium palm kernel monoglyceride sulfate in 57% yield and sodium palm monoglyceride sulfate in 71% yield were obtained from palm kernel fatty acid methyl esters and palm fatty acids, respectively. This new synthetic method produced better quality products with higher active ingredients and improved yields without having to use such cost prohibitive, high purity, fatty acid monoglycerides, and it reduced the undesirable aqueous sodium sulfate by‐product by 60% over a current commercial process. The product’s composition and purity were confirmed by cationic titration, infrared and C‐13 NMR spectroscopy.