Palatal Tonsils Research Articles

咽頭第２期梅毒例

The authors report a case of second-stage pharyngeal syphilis with condylomata lata. A 20-year-old female was admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine for the treatment of acute hepatitis type B. A few days prior to admission, she noticed increasing throat pain. At her first visit to the ENT clinic, the soft palate and bilateral pharyngeal tonsils showed severe erosion with a white-gray coating. In addition, some papules were found around the anus. Serological tests revealed high RPR and TPHA titers. After administration of benzyl penicillin, notable improvement was achieved.The number of reports concerning pharyngeal syphilis has been increasing lately. We should consider this disease when diagnosing a patient with erosive throat with a white-gray coating.

オフロキサシンの組織内移行と有効性

The distribution of ofloxacin (OFLX) in the palatal tonsil and maxillary sinus mucosa was quantitatively analyzed. OFLX (100mg), lomefloxacin (100mg), and tosufloxacin (75mg) were administered orally 2 hours before surgery. The tissue concentration of OFLX was 1.61±0.46μg/ml on average and was higher than the serum concentration (0.72±0.21μg/ml), the tissue/serum ratio (2.24) was significant. The tissue concentration of OFLX was higher than that of lomefloxacin and tosufloxacin. In addition, clinical and bacteriological trials on patients with otorhinolaryngological infections was carried out. OFLX was administered orally at a dose 600mg for more than three days. The incidence of stains resistant to OFLX (MIC>3.13μg/ml) was 5.8%. The overall clinical efficacy rate was 86.7% and there were no safety problems. It was concluded that OFLX is a useful drug for treating otorhinolaryngological infections.

Hyaluronic acid and other glycosaminoglycans of the human palatal tonsils.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the proportions of individual glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) change with bacterial infection of the human palatal tonsils and after recovery as compared with the physiological state of the palatal tonsils. In tonsillitis the greatest changes were related to hyaluronic acid (decrease) and heparin (increase). In the cured palatal tonsils the content of GAG components was found to return to that of the physiological state of the tonsils. The changes in GAG components in the cured palatal tonsils may possible contribute to the reversal of the human tonsillitis. The supposition is drawn that also physiological function of the cured tonsils is resumed.

Epithelium of the Human Palatal Tonsil used for New Test Antigen in IIF Examination (for Pemphigus, Pemphigoid Antibodies and ANA)

The author presents the results of IIF examinations for pemphigus, pemphigoid antibodies and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) on the epithelium of the human palatal tonsil obtained by tonsillectomy in patients with chronic hypertrophic tonsillitis. Tonsil epithelium is more sensitive to intercellular antibodies (IC Ab), and antibodies of the basal membrane zone (BMZ Ab) than sample tissue of the monkey esophagus, while its reaction to ANA is the same or even weaker than monkey esophagus.

Studies on the pathogenesis of rinderpest in experimental cattle. IV. Proliferation of the virus following contact infection.

Cattle were infected with rinderpest virus by housing them for 24 hr. in stalls containing donor animals which had been reacting to the disease for 3–5 days. They were then transferred to individual clean stalls and killed on the 2nd to 10th days following first exposure. Various tissues were collected, particularly those of the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and their virus content was estimated in calf-kidney tissue cultures.Virus was recovered from 15 of 35 animals tested and in eight of these generalization had occurred, although only two had begun to show a pyrexial response. The stage of the infection could not be predicted from the time that had elapsed following exposure, since early, limited proliferation was encountered on the 3rd to the 10th days.It was considered that seven animals gave indications of the pathways by which natural infection had occurred. In each of these virus proliferation was established very early in the pharyngeal lymph node; in three the submaxillary lymph node was similarly involved and in four the palatal tonsil. It was suggested that these data probably indicated that infection always occurred via the upper respiratory tract.In three cases virus titres were highest in the bronchial or costocervical lymph nodes; this was construed as evidence for the additional involvement of the lower respiratory tract in primary infection.No infectivity could be demonstrated in the mucosae or lung parenchyma associated with the above-mentioned lymph nodes and this, together with previously published data, was accepted as strong presumptive evidence that the infecting virus passes through the mucosae without producing a local lesion or proliferating there. These results were compared briefly with those of Bedson & Duckworth (1963) for rabbit pox.

STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF RINDERPEST IN EXPERIMENTAL CATTLE. 3. PROLIFERATION OF AN ATTENUATED STRAIN IN VARIOUS TISSUES FOLLOWING SUBCUTANEOUS INOCULATION.

Twenty-five grade cattle were infected subcutaneously with 1040to 104·6TCD 50 of a highly-attenuated strain of rinderpest virus which is used as a vaccine. No clinical reaction was observed but the proliferation of virus was studied in twenty-two tissues harvested at daily intervals from the first to the 10th days after inoculation. Serum samples collected at the same times were examined for rinderpest-neutralizing antibody.There was an ‘eclipse’ phase of 3 days during which no infectivity could be demonstrated in any tissue. On the 4th day virus had generalized, as shown by its detection in lymphoid tissues which were not associated with the site of inoculation; occasional animals showed evidence of viral proliferation in the local muscle and subcutaneous tissue. A considerable growth of virus, with peak titres between 104·0and 105·0TDC50/g., was demonstrated in the prescapular, pharyngeal and mesenteric lymph nodes, also in the palatal tonsils and Peyer's patches of the ileum. Highest titres (105·4TCD50/g.) were recorded in the prescapular haemo-lymph nodes, but less virus (up to 103·4TCD50/g.) appeared in the spleen.A low-level viraemia was detected in eight of the thirteen cattle killed on the 5th to 8th days inclusive. Minimal quantities of virus were found on two occasions each in the bone marrow and lung. No virus was recovered from the mucosae of the base of the tongue, abomasum, ileum, caecum and colon; liver, heart, kidney and brain tissue also failed to support its multiplication.Neutralizing antibody was present in all cattle by the 10th day after inoculation, its appearance being associated with the abrupt decline in virus titres, which was usually demonstrable on the 8th day.The behaviour of the attenuated virus was compared with that of virulent strains, and it was concluded that its lack of pathogenicity was due primarily to its failure to proliferate in the mucosae of the gastro-intestinal and respiratory tracts. Vaccine virus was, in fact, exclusively ‘lymphotropic’, a characteristic which may account for the solid, lasting immunity it confers and for the considerable antibody response it provokes in inoculated cattle. Inability to spread by contact amongst susceptible cattle may be a result of the absence of virus in mucosae or parenchymatous organs and hence in excretions.

On complications attending operations on the palatal and pharyngeal tonsils

On complications attending operations on the palatal and pharyngeal tonsils