Palaemon Adspersus Research Articles

Mediterranean Aquaponics: Fasting and Refeeding in a Polyculture Aquaponic System

The use of Mediterranean euryhaline fish and halophytes in aquaponics presents a sustainable and alternative approach to food production. The present study investigates the effect of compensatory growth on sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and Baltic prawn (Palaemon adspersus) co-cultivated with the halophytic glasswort (Salicornia europaea). Three autonomous systems were established, each containing forty-five sea bass, nine Baltic prawns, and eight glasswort plants, with different feeding regimes for each treatment: (i) daily feeding (treatment A), (ii) three days of feeding per week followed by four days of fasting (treatment B), and (iii) feeding for seven days followed by seven days of fasting (treatment C). The growth performance of the fish was significantly higher in treatment B. Conversely, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was notably higher in treatment A. As for the prawns, their final body weight and length were similar across all treatments. The glasswort plants also demonstrated significantly improved growth in treatment B. These results indicate that the incorporation of feeding and fasting cycles can be an effective feed management strategy for polyculture aquaponic systems. Additionally, food deprivation had a positive impact on the growth performance of both glasswort and prawns.

Shrimp habitat selection dependence on flow within Zostera marina canopies

Even though hydrodynamic conditions play an important role in shallow costal ecosystems such as enhancing primary production by the remobilization of nutrients, they could represent a potential threat to motile benthic animals because they can dislodge them and restrict their movements, thereby impacting their distribution within the ecosystem. Seagrass canopies are critical habitats that shelter many organisms against predators and adverse hydrodynamic conditions, however, they have been declining over time, resulting in seagrass fragmentation and low canopy densities. The shrimp Palaemon adspersus is an epifaunal species that thrives in Zostera marina seagrass, and therefore can offer insight into the impact canopy fragmentation is having on its behavioral patterns. In a laboratory flume with unidirectional flow, P. adspersus individuals were exposed to flow velocities in sand bottoms covered with Z. marina canopies, and their distribution studied as a function of both the canopy density and the current velocity. Flow velocities above 3 cm s−1 started to dislodge P. adspersus individuals, thereby reducing their tolerance to the flow. However, under flow velocities ranging from 3 cm s−1 to 21 cm s−1, they preferred to shelter within the seagrass canopies with intermediate densities higher than 150 shoots m−2, compared to bare sand. The patch density at which individuals found patch sheltering decreased linearly as the current velocity increased, indicating that individuals were unable to withstand the velocity of the flow. For current velocities above 21 cm s−1, P. adspersus were unable to tolerate the flow velocity, and so were dislodged from the canopy. This study highlights the importance of protecting eelgrass, as the ever-decreasing meadows are making P. adspersus even more vulnerable to the high flow rates.

Assessing the effect of glyphosate on the shrimp Palaemon adspersus: Acute toxicity and biomarker responses

Assessing the effect of glyphosate on the shrimp Palaemon adspersus: Acute toxicity and biomarker responses

Actual State of Population and Harvesting of the Baltic Shrimp Palaemon adspersus (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) in the North-Western Section of the Black Sea

Data on the sex and size-mass composition of the Baltic shrimp <i>Palaemon adspersus</i> Rathke, 1837, population were obtained basing on the analysis of samples from 35 fyke net catches in the north-western section of the Black Sea over 2017-2020. The Baltic shrimp in the catches was represented by the specimens 20-65 mm long, and the main portion (52%) was formed by the specimens 40-50 mm long. According to LBB model, over 2017-2020 the relative fishing mortality level increased from 0.7 to 1.2. At the same time, in 2020 relation of the actual biomass to the biomass ensuring the maximum sustainable yield <i>(B/B</i><sub>msy</sub>) was equal to 1.0, indicating the optimal intensity of the Baltic shrimp harvesting in the Ukrainian waters. According to the model calculations, the minimal allowed length for harvesting should be 35 mm. Analysis of the fyke nets catches revealed significant number of undersized specimens of the commercial and protected fishes in the bycatch, including juveniles of gobies, turbot and flounder. Actual harvesting intensity do not result in <i>P. adspersus</i> overfishing in Ukrainian waters. In order to mitigate the negative impact of shrimp harvesting on the non-target species, it is necessary to regulate it by limitation of the fishing gears number and optimization of their designs. It was revealed that the fyke nets number in the Ukrainian waters should be limited to about 800 units.

The Prawn Palaemon adspersus in the Hypersaline Lake Moynaki (Crimea): Ecology, Long-Term Changes, and Prospects for Aquaculture

For several years, the prawn Palaemon adspersus population was studied in a hypersaline lake (Crimea) for the first time. P. adspersus is a more halotolerant species than previously thought and can survive and breed up to a salinity of 55 g/L and probably higher. A significant positive correlation was found between the number and biomass of the prawns and the seagrass Ruppia shoot density. The spring temperature increase from 5.5 to 24 °C was accompanied by a significant increase in the prawn number (p = 0.001). In the males and females, the spatial heterogeneity of the distribution of prawns significantly (p = 0.005) negatively correlated with the abundance of prawns. In the period from 2018 to 2021, the area of Ruppia cover and the prawn abundance in the lake decreased, and a significant correlation was found between those changes. High salinity, judging by our data, can reduce the production potential of the species, but the absence of predators in Lake Moynaki allowed the prawns to reach a higher abundance than was observed in other habitats. P. adspersus can be successfully cultivated in hypersaline waters with a salinity up to 55 g/L as a perspective object for Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture. The development of aquaculture in hypersaline waters may help to save freshwater resources, and the development of aquaculture in brines formed during the desalination of seawater will make it more economically viable to obtain freshwater from seawater.

Comparative population dynamics of two sympatric Palaemon shrimps (Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1836 and Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1836) from the Southeast Caspian Sea

This study provides comparative information about population dynamics for the Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1836 and P. elegans Rathke, 1836 shrimps on the southeastern coast of the Caspian Sea. Specimens were collected on a monthly basis between April 2019 and May 2020. A total of 9,643 specimens (8,478 P. adspersus and 1,165 P. elegans) were captured and examined. The highest abundance of both shrimps was observed in autumn. The male P. elegans ranged between 16.80 and 61.99 mm in total length and the females between 16.80 and 61.99 mm. The total length for male and female P. adspersus ranged from 21.46 to 69.29 mm and 18.24 to 75.46 mm, respectively. The mean ( ± SD) total length for the males and females of P. elegans was 33.65 ± 4.12 and 40.81 ± 6.59, whereas that of P. adspersus was 48.41 ± 6.27 for males and 54.68 ± 9.90 for females. Based on the b-value of LWR, the growth type of P. adspersus is positively allometric. Likewise, the relationships of female and pooled-sexes P. elegans was positively allometric, while that of male P. elegans was negatively allometric. The estimation of the VBGF parameters resulted as Total Length∞ (TL∞)=71.93 mm, K=0.72 y-1, and t0=-0.176 for males, and TL∞=78.23 mm, K=0.64 y-1, and t0=-0.194 for the females of P. adspersus, while for P. elegans as TL∞=56.13 mm, K=0.91 y-1, and t0=-0.147 for males and TL∞=65.63 mm, K=0.87 y-1, and t0=-0.148 for females. The size-frequency analysis showed that both shrimps were made up of two age groups. The recruitment pattern of the shrimps was continuous with a unimodal pulse for both males and females and showed that P. adspersus is mainly recruited during the autumn and early winter while for P. elegans, during mid-summer and early autumn. The estimated maximum age was 3.35/year for the males and 2.66/year for the females of P. adspersus and 3.78/year for the males and 3.33/year for the females of P. elegans. Therefore, in this case, P. elegans shrimp is more sensitive to death than P. adspersus. The findings point to the underlying notable differentiation of the growth of the shrimps governing the processes of population dynamics. We assume that these differences result from the contrasting life-history strategies of these two Palaemon shrimps.

Quality of lipid-carotinoid concentrate from shrimps Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837

Introduction. The nutritional status of the population of Ukraine is characterized by imbalance, in particular in the composition of the lipid component. The human diet is deficient in polyunsaturated fatty acids, the source of which are marine fish and crustaceans. Problem. Ukraine has its own resources of Black Sea shrimp P. adpersus Rathke, 1837, the meat of which is in great demand, but inedible parts, as in most crustaceans, range from 39 to 50 %. That is why the search for technologies for the use of inedible parts of the body of shrimp is relevant. Lipid-carotenoid concentrate (LCC) was isolated from shrimp cephalopods to investigate its quality. The aim of the article is to evaluate the quality of lipid-carotenoid concentrate of Black Sea shrimp P. adspersus Rathke, 1837 by the method of creating a spectrum of flavor and a set of physicochemical parameters. Methods. The object of study – shrimp Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837, spring (May) and autumn (September) catch in 2020 near the northwestern Black Sea coast of Odessa region. Sensory characteristics of LCC were determined by the method of creating a flavor spectrum, physicochemical parameters – by standard methods, carotenoid content – by spectrophotometric method. Commercial krill fish oil was used as a control sample. Results. Descriptors have been developed to characterize the intensity of odor, taste and consistency of LCC. The method of creating the spectrum of flavor proved that the LCC isolated from the autumn period of shrimp fishing was characterized by the highest scores of all descriptors of odor, taste and consistency in comparison with the control and the LCC from the spring catch. Tasting assessment of LCC is consistent with a set of physico-chemical quality indicators (carotenoids, PUFA (iodine value), low levels of peroxide, acid and thiobarbitur numbers). Conclusions. Lipid-carotenoid concentrate from inedible parts of the body of the Black Sea shrimp Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837 in different periods of fishing is characterized by high tasting properties in terms of odor, taste and consistency, which are characteristic of lipids from crustaceans. Physico-chemical quality indicators indicate the high biological value of this product.

Comparative Characteristics of the Mineral Composition of the Meat of the Black Sea Grass Shrimp Palaemon Adspersus, Rathke, 1837 in Different Fishing Periods

Comparative Characteristics of the Mineral Composition of the Meat of the Black Sea Grass Shrimp Palaemon Adspersus, Rathke, 1837 in Different Fishing Periods

Diversity and Distribution of the Inland Water Decapods of Sicily (Crustacea, Malacostraca)

The current knowledge of Sicilian inland water decapod malacostracans is scarce and an updated synopsis on species distribution is lacking. Therefore, we reviewed the checklist and recent distribution of Sicilian inland water decapods based on published and unpublished records and novel observations with the aim of providing an exhaustive repository, also to be used as a sound baseline for future surveys. Overall, five native decapod species occur in the study area, i.e., the atyid shrimp Atyaephyra desmarestii, the palaemonid shrimps Palaemon adspersus, P. antennarius, and P. elegans, and the freshwater crab Potamon fluviatile, and their current local distributions are described. In addition, three alien species were recorded: the common yabby Cherax destructor and the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, strictly linked to inland waters, and the Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus, a mainly marine species that can also colonise the lower stretches of rivers and coastal brackish waters. The collected data suggest the existence of a partial segregation of native versus non-native species, with the latter currently confined to coastal water bodies and the lower stretches of rivers. Moreover, the exclusively freshwater caridean A. desmarestii and P. antennarius show a parapatric distribution in the study area, which may suggest the existence of mutual exclusion phenomena. The results obtained raise some concerns about the effects of alien species on the native biota, and dedicated monitoring and management strategies should be implemented in order to better understand and mitigate their impact.

THE EFFECT OF LIPID-CAROTINOID CONCENTRATE FROM SHRIMP ON THE QUALITY AND PERIOD OF STORAGE OF PRESERVES

The raw material base of the fish industry of Ukraine is mainly represented by freshwater fish, which are characterized by a low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω3 family and do not meet the modern requirements of nutrition science for healthy nutrition. Therefore, the enrichment of food products from freshwater fish with these acids becomes relevant. The aim of work – to determine the effect of lipid-carotenoid concentrate from the Black Sea shrimp Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837 on the quality and period of storage preserves from carp Cyprinus carpio. The research was conducted in the laboratory of the meat, fish and seafood technology department of the faculty of food technology and product quality of agricultural products of National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine in the autumn of 2022. Developed of the descriptors and an evaluation of the sensory characteristics of preserves from C. carpio with different concentrations of lipid-carotenoid concentrate (1, 2, 3 g/100 g of product) and control. The quality of preserves with supplements of lipid-carotenoid concentrate in the amount of 2 and 3 g/100 g of the product exceeded the control sample by intensity of smell, taste and consistency and overall impression. Determined a positive influence of lipid-carotenoid concentrate to a change in the safety indicators of lipids, which is manifested in the slowing down of the processes of primary oxidation according to the peroxide number and hydrolysis of lipids according to the acid number. In the control sample, the peroxide number after 2 months storage at a temperature of +4°C reached 4.23, in experimental – 2.33 mmol O2/kg of fat, which did not exceed the permissible values according to the requirements of the international standard. Accumulation of free fatty acids in preserved samples was more intensive. In the control sample, after 50 days of storage, the acid value is 5.67, which limits this indicator by the requirements of the standard – 4.5 mg KOH/g of fat, which allows reducing the storage period of the control sample to 40 days. The addition of lipid-carotenoid concentrate in the amount of 2 and 3 g/100 g of the product can extend the storage period to 60 days. Intake of preserved carp of 100 g with additives of lipid-carotenoid concentrate in the amount of 2.3 g/100 g of the product will ensure the daily rate of intake of ω3 fatty acids in accordance with the recommendations of the FAO (1 g per day for prevention). The research results approve the antioxidant properties of shrimp carotenoid concentrate and correlate with the previous publications in this direction. Prospects for further work will be related to the determination of indicators of the biological value of preserves from freshwater fish and additives of lipid-carotenoid concentrate and changes in microbiological indicators of preserves during storage.

QUALIMETRY OF INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS WITH THE ADDITION OF THE SHRIMP PALAEMON ADSPERSUS

Crustaceans of the Azov–Black Sea basin, in particular, the shrimp Palaemon adspersus, are a type of raw material easily available in the domestic market, because the large volumes of its industrial production in the Azov–Black Sea basin make it inexpensive and abundant. That is why we have suggested innovative products with the addition of Palaemon adspersus meat: dumplings (pelmeni) and fish fingers. We selected the following main recipe components of these dumplings: Palaemon adspersus meat, Azov–Black Sea goby meat, unleavened dough, and those for fish fingers: Palaemon adspersus meat, Azov–Black Sea goby meat, egg powder. To enhance the taste and aroma, Svanetian salt was added to the minced meat in the model compositions of the products developed. To substantiate the rational content of the recipe components in the model compositions of products with Palaemon adspersus meat added, the method of qualimetric analysis of the sensory parameters was used. According to the results of qualimetric evaluation, it has been found that for dumplings, the best ratio of Palaemon adspersus meat, Azov–Black Sea goby meat, and unleavened dough is 1:2.7:3, and for fish fingers, the most practical ratio of Palaemon adspersus meat, Azov–Black Sea goby meat, and egg powder is 2.5:6.5:1. The obtained results of qualimetric analysis of the model compositions have been confirmed by mathematical calculations using multiple linear regression with initial determination of criterial factors of influence. According to the mathematical calculations performed, the highest value of the parameter (y1 = 0.93) has been obtained for the model composition of dumplings with Palaemon adspersus meat added with the ratio of the recipe components 1:2.7:3. For fish fingers, the highest value of the parameter (y4 = 0.8) has been determined for the model composition where the ratio of the recipe components was 2.5:6.5:1. These calculations confirm the objectivity, efficiency, and practicality of the chosen method of qualimetric analysis of the model compositions under study

Biokinetics of 110mAg in Baltic shrimp Palaemon adspersus under elevated pCO2

Ocean acidification impacts the physiology of crustaceans as well as marine calcifiers although most of the hitherto studies has focused on calcifiers. Bioconcentration of elements in a marine animal depends on seawater chemistry and the animal's physiology. Here we studied biokinetics and body distribution of Ag in Baltic shrimp Palaemon adspersus for 47 days by using radiotracer method (110mAg). The bioconcentration of 110mAg was assessed under three pCO2 levels: 370, 795 and 1634 μatm. Uptake rate constants of 110mAg were inversely related to pH (3.1 at pH: 8.1, 4.2 at pH: 7.8 and 4.9 at pH: 7.5). A higher percentage of Ag accumulated in edible parts in the shrimps reared in acidified seawater compared to control. The moulting frequency was significantly higher in acidified seawater conditions compared to the control condition. The results of this study suggest that seawater acidification may partly modify Ag bioconcentration in Baltic shrimp Palaemon adspersus as well as energy-demanding physiological processes like moulting.

Directions for the Use of <i>Palaemon adspersus</i> Shrimp in Food Technology

<i>Palaemon adspersus</i> shrimp is a type of raw material that is affordable in terms of value and resources in the domestic market due to the industrial production in the Azov-Black Sea basin. The chemical composition of <i>Palaemon adspersus</i> shrimp characterizes it as a valuable source of high-protein and dietary products, which determines the feasibility of substantiating the directions of use in food technology and complex processing. Analytical and patent monitoring of the domestic fish market indicates a limited range of Palaemona dspersus shrimp food and biological additives. The production of food and biological additives from domestic raw materials requires systematic research, which is currently absent in Ukraine. That is why the production of Palaemon adspesus shrimp food and biological additives, common in the Azov-Black Sea basin, is one of the most promising areas for raw material use. Based on the evaluation of the conducted research, recommendations on the technologies of production of fishery food based on shrimp <i>Palaemon adspersus</i> are offered. This will make it possible to realize more fully the nutritional potential of valuable protein-containing raw materials, to rationally use the domestic raw material base of hydrobionts, as well as to expand the range of fishery products with a rationalized amino acid and mineral composition.

Oxygen-dependence of upper thermal limits in crustaceans from different thermal habitats.

The critical thermal maximum (CTMAX) is the temperature at which animals exhibit loss of motor response because of a temperature-induced collapse of vital physiological systems. A central mechanism hypothesised to underlie the CTMAX of water-breathing ectotherms is insufficient tissue oxygen supply for vital maintenance functions because of a temperature-induced collapse of the cardiorespiratory system. The CTMAX of species conforming to this hypothesis should decrease with declining water oxygen tension (PO2) because they have oxygen-dependent upper thermal limits. However, recent studies have identified a number of fishes and crustaceans with oxygen-independent upper thermal limits, their CTMAX unchanged in progressive aquatic hypoxia. The previous studies, which were performed separately on cold-water, temperate and tropical species, suggest the oxygen-dependence of upper thermal limits and the acute thermal sensitivity of the cardiorespiratory system increases with decreasing habitat temperature. Here we directly test this hypothesis by assessing the oxygen-dependence of CTMAX in the polar Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), as well as the temperate Baltic prawn (Palaemon adspersus) and brown shrimp (Crangon crangon). We found that P. adspersus and C. crangon maintain CTMAX in progressive hypoxia down to 40mmHg, and that only E. superba have oxygen-dependent upper thermal limits at normoxia. In E. superba, the observed decline in CTMAX with water PO2 is further supported by heart-rate measurements showing a plateauing, and subsequent decline and collapse of heart performance at CTMAX. Our results support the hypothesis that the oxygen-dependence of upper thermal limits in water-breathing ectotherms and the acute thermal sensitivity of their cardiorespiratory system increases with decreasing habitat temperature.

The effect of insect meal as a feed ingredient on survival, growth, and metabolic and antioxidant response of juvenile prawn Palaemon adspersus (Rathke, 1837)

For successful prawn aquaculture, feeds should be based on readily consumed ingredients that promote survival and optimal growth performance. This pilot study investigates the rearing of juvenile Baltic prawn Palaemon adspersus. Two feeding trials were carried out for 60 days; both incorporated insect meals, the first one in fishmeal-based diets, whereas the second one in plant meal ones. Insect meals derived from larvae of Tenebrio molitor (TM), Hermetia illucens (HI) and Musca domestica (MD) were tested as feed ingredients. This study indicated that the inclusion of HI in fishmeal diets resulted in significantly higher growth performance and survival of the prawns, whereas the MD diet led to similarly high growth performance reducing significantly their survival. Growth performance was not affected by the insect inclusion in the plant-based diets, but survival was higher in the TM and HI inclusion diets. The inclusion of TM and HI resulted in higher protein and energy content of the prawns’ muscle when incorporated in fishmeal and plant meal diets respectively. No significant differences were observed in the activities of hepatopancreas’ amino acid-catabolizing enzymes. Concluding, the combinations fishmeal–HI and plant meal–TM can be used for the successful rearing of Baltic prawn.

Lipid profile of the black sea shrimp Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837

The collection of material was carried out in May in the Hadzhibey Lyman of Odessa region. Prawn catching was carried out by a trap net with a mesh size of 2.8 up to 8 mm. The total number of individuals analyzed was 250 specimens. In the average sample of prawn, the content of total lipids have been determined by the Soxhlet method, the fatty acid composition of lipids has been studied using gas chromatography, and the fractional composition - by a thin layer chromatography on silica gel plates method. All the studies have been performed in 3 replicates. Lipid profile of hepatopancreas of the Black Sea shrimp was represented by the content of total lipids 10±1.8, among them triglycerides - 35.2±5.3%, phospholipids - 16.8±3.6%, free fatty acids - 12.5±2.1%, sterols - 6.5±1.4%, sterol esters 6.5±1.3%, mono- and diglycerides - 1.5-2.7% of total lipids. The nutritive value of lipids was characterized both by a high content of phospholipids, and fatty acids such as oleic one belonging to the ω-9 family (18:1) - 15.7%, and eicosapentaenoic (20:5) - 18.30% and docosahexaenoic (22:6) - 14.70% acids of the ω-3 family. The biological significance coefficient of lipids of the Black Sea grass prawn was 3.3, which was adjusted with the value of this indicator of other aquatic organisms. The ratio of fatty acids ω-6 to ω-3 was 1:19.5 which indicated a high nutritional value of hepatopancreas lipids of this prawn species. The results of the study allow recommending the hepatopancreas lipids of the Black Sea grass shrimp for the enrichment of foods with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the formation of multicomponent products with desired properties, as well as for the drug development.

Состав пищи креветки Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837 (Crustacea Decapoda, Palaemonidae) в Каркинитском заливе Чёрного моря в сентябре 2016 г.

Palaemon adspersus — обитатель верхней части шельфа (0–30 м) умеренной и субтропической климатических зон Восточной Атлантики, достигающий в своём распространении на севере 60° с. ш. (воды Норвегии), а на юге — атлантических вод Марокко. Питание этого вида изучали в разное время в различных частях его ареала, но из черноморской части ареала оно описано впервые в этой работе. Исследовано содержимое 218 желудков взрослых креветок (74 из них имели пищу в желудке, и у 30 особей желудки были полными), собранных в сентябре 2016 г. из промысловых вентерей в районе Лебяжьих островов Каркинитского залива на глубине, не превышающей 1,5 м. Малое количество желудков с пищей объясняется длительным пребыванием креветок в вентерях до момента их фиксации. Креветки имели длину тела (от заднего края орбит до конца тельсона) 31,5–58,1 мм (самцы — 33,9–44,1 мм с модой 37 мм). Соотношение полов составляло примерно 1 : 8 (11,7 % самцов и 82,3 % самок). Самки были представлены двумя группами особей. Самки с гонадами во II стадии зрелости имели модальные размеры 37 мм. Самки с гонадами в III стадии зрелости имели модальные размеры 47 мм. Следовательно, в сентябре часть самок спарились, перелиняли, у них в гонадах начался вителлогенез. P. adspersus — бентофаг-эврифаг. Его пищевой спектр охватывает широкий круг объектов питания — от детрита и растительных остатков до брюхоногих моллюсков, высших раков, в том числе креветок, и рыбы. P. adspersus в первую очередь собиратель — детритофаг и некрофаг, 70 % объёма виртуального пищевого комка которого занимают детрит и трупы высших ракообразных. Между тем по отношению к полихетам он ведёт себя как нападающий хищник, а к брюхоногим моллюскам — как пасущийся. Сравнение состава пищи P. adspersus в Каркинитском заливе (2016) с таковым креветки в Балтийском море (1977), в атлантических (1987) и средиземноморских (1993–1994) водах побережья Испании обнаруживает его пространственно-временную квазистабильность. На основе совокупности имеющихся данных о составе пищи P. adspersus его следует отнести к хищникам-оппортунистам сублиторали.

A research on biologically active compounds from black sea grass crab PALAEMON ADSPERSUS

A research on biologically active compounds from black sea grass crab PALAEMON ADSPERSUS

Evaluation of the Potential Side-Effects of Novaluron on the Shrimp &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Palaemon adspersus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;: Moulting Hormone Profile, Cuticle Secretion and Chitin Contents

The leaching of a large amount of pollutants derived from agricultural and domestic activities (fertilizers, pesticides, detergents) might contaminate especially the aquatic environments affecting several non-target aquatic organisms such as crustacean species. The current study aimed to evaluate under laboratory conditions the potential side-effects of novaluron (20% Wettable Powder), a potent benzoylurea derivative insecticide on mosquito larvae, against a non-target shrimp, <i>Palaemon adspersus</i> Rathke, 1837 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). This species is abundant in the lagoon El-Mellah (Northeast Algeria) and a relatively important species for the local fishery industry. The compound was tested at two concentrations (0.91 mg/L and 4.30 mg/L) corresponding respectively to the LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ determined against fourth-instar larvae of <i>Culiseta longiareolata</i> (Diptera, Culicidae). The newly ecdysed adult shrimps were exposed for 15 days, i.e. stage A until D during a moult cycle. Under normal conditions, changes in hemolymphatic ecdysteroid concentrations during the molting cycle presented a peak at stage D, just before the ecdysis while in the treated series, we note an increase in hemolymphatic ecdysteroid concentrations at stages C and D and an absence of the peak as compared to the controls. Histological observations of integuments revealed that novaluron caused a significant reduction in thickness of the new cuticle at its LC₅₀ and an inhibition of the new cuticle secretion at its LC₅₀. The determination of chitin amounts, showed that exposure of shrimps to novaluron resulted in a significant decrease of values at all molting stages with a dose-response manner in comparison to controls. Thus, the overall data confirm the primary mode of action of novaluron on chitin. This insecticide can present secondary effects on this non-target shrimp species commercially important for the local economy.

Toxicity of cadmium on larvae of Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837 from the Black Sea

Toxicity of cadmium on larvae of Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837 from the Black Sea