Palace Square Research Articles

The sense-making mechanisms in O. Mandelstam’s poem "Palace Square"

The article which is written within the framework of linguopoetics analyses the sense-making mechanism from a cognitive perspective. The basic tool used to create this mechanism in O. Mandelstam’s poem "Palace Square" is vertical context. The vertical context of the poem under study is a complex structure consisting of not only separate linguistic units (historisms, archaisms, proper nouns, lexemes characteristic of religious discourse, quotations, and allusions) which have national and cultural specific features and require a commentary, but also a number of linguistic paradigms based on various principles of grouping. These principles are: taxonomic (passive vocabulary, including obsolete lexemes and religious discourse words), thematic (the lexico-semantic fields "The Roman Empire", "The Russian Empire", "Pushkinian Petersburg" and the semantic field "Faith"), figurative (metaphtonymies, aposiopesis, metaphors, metonymies, similes) as well as the relations between the elements of these paradigms. The units representing metaphtonymies which facilitate the formation of a "bunch of meanings" according to Mandelstam and the markers of aposiopesis (a trope requiring a deep ethnocultural analysis, which implies a "visualization" of the depicted urban landscape) pose the greatest difficulty in the process of analysis. The principles of repetition, antithesis, assimilation constitute the basis of the language composition of the poem. These principles interact with one another structuring the vertical context with respect to the artistic merit and making its semantic perspective broader.

EXPERIENCE OF THE FIRST GEORADAR RESEARCH ON THE TERRITORY OF THE DNU PALACE OF STUDENTS OF THE CENTRAL PARK OF CULTURE NAMED AFTER T.G. SHEVCHENKO IN DNIPRO

Problem statement. Geophysical research at the location of the Palace of Students of DNU (formerPotiomkin Palace) in the Central Park of Culture. T.G. Shevchenko city of Dnipro were held in connection with theissue of the existence of hidden underground structures and confirmation of the historical legend, long existing aroundthis monument of architecture of the XVIII century. In the course of the research, a georadar survey was carried out,which involved a careful analysis of historical sources, which should refute the legend or, conversely, confirm it. Thestudies were performed using MALA georadar with operating frequencies of 250 MHz and, 800 MHz (very limitedly).Purpose of the article. The purpose of the work was to clarify the state of existing utilities, as well as the search forhidden ancient structures in the Central Park of Culture. T.G. Shevchenko in the areas adjacent to the building of the thePalace of Students of DNU. The research was also carried out on Shevchenko Square (formerly called Palace Square)near the central entrance to the park. Conclusion. As a result of the conducted researches of the received georadarprofiles features of display of superficial and deepened building designs, aquifers and other communications on sites ofdry and moistened loess soils of the given territory were revealed. In the areas of possible leaks in moist loam soils, anyobjects, at working depths at a frequency of 250 MHz by the device, were not reflected due to the high degree of signalattenuation. When deciphering the radar patterns on Shevchenko Square, the excavation work carried out for thereconstruction of the area proved to be a significant help. No anomalies indicating the presence of sufficientlyvoluminous linear underground structures were found on the georadar profiles of this area, which is confirmed by theresults of photofixation during excavation. The conducted researches can be considered only primary and providecarrying out of further more detailed researches on the chosen sites, including in the building. As information onpreviously performed georadar surveys on the territory of the Palace of Students of DNU and adjacent to the park −Shevchenko Square could not be found, the conducted Laboratory of research of nuclear and thermal power plants PSACEAsurveys can be considered the first of its kind.

Transportation, turning and installation of the pedestal and column on the Palace Square in St. Petersburg

The materials are devoted to the consideration of the issues of transportation, edging and installation of the pedestal and the column on the Palace Square in St. Petersburg. In addition to the album of illustrations by A. Montferrand, the drawings of Adamini Antonio, Montferrand's assistant, are considered, clarifying some aspects of the ascent. The questions about lifting the Alexander Column sometimes include doubts about the possibility of processing a large granite massif without the use of mechanical equipment. However, familiarity with the methods of manual stone processing presented in various works should convince the reader of the infinite possibilities of a person with a chisel and a hammer, especially if you add to them the perseverance, ingenuity and resourcefulness of the Russian person. In addition, we should remember a somewhat forgotten, but highly respected word -master. The most responsible and spectacular work was the lifting of the Alexander Column, which was the result of a lot of preparatory works. The construction of the platform and the inclined overpass was only part of them. A stone mass was built around the pedestal, which served as the basis for placing the capstans in two concentric circles. After the installation of the column, the finishing of the monument to the final dimensions, grinding and installation of the angel on the top were carried out for two years. Very little is known about these operations, but the presence of scaffolds made it possible to perform work at any height in any weather, and the possibility of processing granite and diabase, and their grinding has already been recalled. The installation of the angel sculpture without the use of hydraulic cranes and helicopters is hopefully no longer in doubt. The next day after the installation, they began to disassemble all the wooden structures. Stairs were built around the main vertical risers. After installation, the stonemasons continued to work with the column. For several months, more than 200 people worked simultaneously. They cut the belts left on the monolith for rolling and lifting, carried out the final finishing according to precise patterns and polished the stone. This article is devoted to the attempt to mathematically justify the possibility of what was achieved at the level of knowledge, skills, mechanisms and technologies of the beginning of the 19th century.

Public discussion on holding a military parade on Palace Square to mark the 75<sup>th</sup> anniversary of the lifting of the Siege of Leningrad in the context of sacrificed and victimized versions of the siege memory

Public discussion on holding a military parade on Palace Square to mark the 75<sup>th</sup> anniversary of the lifting of the Siege of Leningrad in the context of sacrificed and victimized versions of the siege memory

ПАМЯТНИКИ АРХИТЕКТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ РОССИИ: ОПЫТ ТИПОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ

The article highlights the almost unexplored issue of the classification of architectural heritage sites. The authors define architectural heritage as a complex of buildings and structures that form the surrounding space and reflect the art of creating these buildings and structures. Pursuing the goal to create a regulating system of Russian architecture monuments, the authors of the article use the architectural style as the main sign of monuments. Reliance on scientific research, written and visual sources allows identifying and characterizing large typological groups of monuments. The first group includes monuments of Russian architectural tradition, created in the period of 11th and 17th centuries on Byzantine and Italian architectural basis. The Baroque style was introduced into Russian architecture in the 18th century. It is characterizes by the magnificence and decorativeness of the details, includes columns, pilasters, sculptural decorations. About a century later, the Baroque was replaced by a style of Classicism. An obligatory element of Classicism monuments is a triangular gable, which rests on columns. Such compositional components as bays, risalitas, and balconies characterize the style. Monuments of classicism form architectural ensembles in Russian cities. The most famous of them is Palace Square in St. Petersburg. Since the mid-19th century, architectural monuments of the Eclectic style have been created. It combines elements of Gothic, Classicism, and folk Russian architecture. Wooden monuments of eclecticism, richly decorated with carvings, make the main pride of Tomsk. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, modern architectural monuments with their characteristic asymmetry of the layout, plant decor in the design of facades are created. Under the influence of the changes brought by the Revolution of 1917, the style of Constructivism spreads in Russian architecture. In the early 1930s, the laconic Constructivism was rejected, the order system returned to the composition of the buildings. They are decorated with stucco moldings and sculptural images. For a long time unnamed, now this style is known as Soviet Neoclassicism. In the late 1950s, monuments of Soviet Neoclassicism were accused of unjustified pomp and parade. In the second half of the 20th century, the trends of Neo-Functionalism and Postmodernism prevail in Russian architecture. The regulating system of architectural monuments proposed in the article allows to characterize objects of architectural heritage, provides continuity of cultural experience.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕСТАВРАЦИИ ДЕКОРАТИВНЫХ РОСПИСЕЙ ИНТЕРЬЕРОВ ЭПОХИ КЛАССИЦИЗМА

In the first third of XIX century, the interiors of St. Petersburg buildings were often adorned with decorative paintings on plafonds and cambers. Polychrome painting and grisaille painting, which imitates plasterwork, were usually made with distemper colors. The focus of attention in the era of classicism was antiquity, mythological subjects and heroes. The article discusses the paintings in Kamennoostrovsky Palace, the General Staff building on the Palace square, the Laval's mansion. Decorative interior painting in St. Petersburg was created by artists of Italian origin, the most famous of them being D. B. Scotti. The time and environmental conditions affected these paintings, and their restoration takes a long time and very hard work. The article describes all the difficulties involved in restoration; one of the most important conditions is the use of natural materials. The article also has photos showing the paintings before restoration, in the process of restoration and after its completion

Cosmopolitanizing Colonial Memories in Germany

Cosmopolitanizing Colonial Memories in Germany

ВОЕННЫЙ ПАРАД В РУССКОЙ ЖИВОПИСИ ВТОРОЙ ЧЕТВЕРТИ XIX ВЕКА КАК СИМВОЛ ПРОСЛАВЛЕНИЯ ИМПЕРАТОРА НИКОЛАЯ I: ОТРАЖЕНИЕ КЛАССИЦИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ИДЕИ В ПОЛОТНАХ РОМАНТИЧЕСКОГО ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РАБОТ А. И. ЛАДЮРНЕРА И Г. Г. ЧЕРНЕЦОВА)

The article is devoted to identifying the peculiarities of depicting and interpreting military parade in the Russian easel painting of the second quarter of the XIX century. Military parade is considered as a symbol of glorification of the rule of the emperor Nicholas I. The author analyzes the techniques to develop artistic spaces designed in the romantic style but satisfying the classicistic tradition to perpetuate the monarch’s image. A. I. Ladurner’s and G. G. Chernetsov’s canvases depicting the erection of the monument to the autocrat Alexander I on the Palace Square in 1834 serve as the examples of pictorial narration.

From Admiralty Meadow to Palace Square

While many have characterized St. Petersburg as the carefully planned creation of the ambitious autocrat Peter the Great, in fact the plans of Peter and his successors were often modified by the needs and habits of the city’s growing population. A key case in point is the process by which Palace Square, the locus of popular, civic and national festivities and solemnities, came to be the city center. This process took place in the eighteenth century and was linked to the gradual pull of the city population to the south, which was eventually recognized and accommodated by Peter’s daughter, Elizabeth, and her brilliant architect, Francesco Rastrelli.

Embracing Sea and Land: Ceremonial Tides in Lisbon's Waterfront Squares 1600–1800

After a devastating earthquake, tsunami and fire in 1755, Lisbon's Terreiro do Paço, or Palace Square, was transformed by the Marquis of Pombal into a state of the art 18th century urban space called Praça do Comércio. This paper looks at the configuration and use of this space from the 16th to the 18th centuries, tracing customary, ceremonial and institutional events, with particular reference to the role the space had in connecting the city to the river and the wider maritime landscape. An analysis of the paintings in Lisbon's Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino (Navy Archives) and Museu da Cidade de Lisboa (City Museum of Lisbon) shows the space transitioned over two centuries from a high-tide condition fully engaging the water space of the Tagus to a low-tide condition that captured the space and engaged it with the reconstructed city quarter behind.

Brazilian colonial gardens and the Rio de Janeiro Passeio Público

In the Latin American colonial urban nuclei, open spaces were formally characterized by their derivation from metropolitan representative landmarks, such as pillories (symbols of justice), churches, câmaras e cadeias [municipal councils and prisons], and other governmental buildings. Franciscan conventual forecourts, the outer courts of Jesuit buildings, câmara e cadeia public squares (where official public announcements were made or the starting points of festivities took place) and military parade grounds (such as the Viceregal Palace Square in eighteenth-century Rio de Janeiro) are examples of these urban configurations in Brazil.

Reshaping Russian Architecture: Western Technology, Utopian Dreams

List of illustrations Acknowledgments Editor's note Introduction William C. Brumfield 1. From Palace Square to Moscow Square: St Petersburg's century-long retreat from public space Blair A. Ruble 2. Russian perceptions of American architecture, 1870-1917 William C. Brumfield 3. Architectural design in Moscow, 1890-1917: innovation and retrospection William C. Brumfield 4. Moscow's revolutionary architecture and its aftermath: a critical guide Blair A. Ruble 5. The realization of Utopia Western technology and Soviet avant-garde architecture Milka Bliznakov 6. Foreign architects in the Soviet Union during the first two five-Year Plans Manatole Kopp About the authors Index.

'Death to the Cemetery'. Funerary Reform and Rebellion in Brazil, 1836*

On 25 October 1836 a remarkable revolt took place in Salvador, capital of the then province of Bahia, in north-eastern Brazil: an uprising against a cemetery. It occurred one day before a law proscribing burials inside local churches was to take effect. The same law granted a private company the monopoly of interments for thirty years. The revolt started with a rally organized by Catholic lay brotherhoods in front of the provincial government palace. The brotherhoods were associations dedicated to the festive devotion to specific saints, and membership in them followed class, national and ethnic lines; they functioned as mutual-aid societies which, among other things, provided funerals for their members. In the morning of 25 October, the bells of brotherhood churches all over town sounded continuously inviting brothers and others to protest against the new law. Brothers and sisters went to the palace square wearing the attire of religious galas, and carrying crosses, flags and other insignia identifying each association. The number of people was calculated by the police at between two and four thousand. It was no doubt the biggest street demonstration Salvador had ever seen, despite the fact that those were not peaceful days. Faced with such a crowd outside his door, the president of the province agreed to discuss the matter with representatives of the brotherhoods, but a good number of other demonstrators also forced their way into the palace. Under pressure, the president promised that within two weeks he would call for an extraordinary meeting of the Provincial Legislature to review the law, a move that appeared to calm feelings down. In the meantime burials could continue as before. Peace, however, lasted but a few minutes. A group approached the town office of the cemetery company just two steps from the palace shouting 'Long live the brotherhoods, death to the freemasons'. Stones were thrown against a placard on which bright letters announced: 'The Cemetery

Twilight of Absolutism: 1905

N December I9, I904, Port Arthur, Russia's Far-Eastern stronghold, surrendered to the Japanese. The consternation created by this staggering defeat was immediately overshadowed by untoward domestic events. Early in January a strike broke out in St. Petersburg and within a few days spread to a number of factories employing tens of thousands of workers. The movement was directed by the Assembly (Sobranie) of Russian Workingmen, an association sponsored and financed by the police and headed by the priest, George Gapon, who conceived the plan of a dramatic appeal to the Tsar. On Sunday, January 9, I905, columns of workers bearing a petition listing their grievances and wishes (they ranged from minor abuses to the convocation of a Constituent Assembly) converged from distant suburbs upon the palace square. The authorities were fully aware of the proposed demonstration. The marchers were peaceful and orderly, some of them, indeed, carried portraits of the Tsar and sacred icons. They were stopped, nevertheless, by cordons of troops and when they refused to disperse were fired upon. The actual number of victims was probably larger than the official estimate of I30 killed and several hundred wounded.1

Shakspeariana

Shakspeariana Get access Hugh Carleton Hugh Carleton 125, Palace Square, Upper Norwood Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-V, Issue 125, 19 May 1888, Pages 382–383, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-V.125.382d Published: 19 May 1888