Pair Model Research Articles

The effects of percutaneous ultrasound tenotomy on chronic tendinopathy in a rabbit Achilles’ tendon model

Objective: Chronic tendinopathy is debilitating and significantly limits physical function and quality-of-life. For chronic tendinopathy recalcitrant to conservative approaches, percutaneous ultrasound tenotomy (PUT) has become a common minimally-invasive therapy. To clarify the histopathological effects of PUT, we assessed the cellular and tissue-level effects of PUT in an animal model of chronic tendinopathy.Design: This within-subject randomized-controlled study treated the bilateral Achilles’ tendons of 10 skeletally-mature, male New Zealand white rabbits with Kartogenin (KGN) beads to mimic chronic tendinopathy and allowed free cage activity for six weeks. One randomly-selected Achilles’ tendon per rabbit underwent sonographically-guided PUT, using 60 s of ultrasound energy. Six weeks post-procedure, the bilateral Achilles’ tendons were harvested and histologically graded.Results: Treated and untreated sides were compared using paired t-tests and mixed models. There were no statistically-significant differences in collagen arrangement, cellularity, or ground substance deposition (all p>0.16). Bonar scores for the most superficial level (95% CI) and the whole tendon (95% CI) were 1.7 (0.6, 2.8) and 0.9 (0.0, 1.9) points lower on the PUT side compared with the untreated side (p=0.037 and p=0.059 respectively). Conclusion: These findings provide evidence that PUT stimulates Histopathologic improvement in collagen formation and organization in the setting of chronic tendinopathy.

Research on energy hub configuration optimization problem based on analytic hierarchy and grey correlation analysis

For the energy hub system configuration, there are problems such as high operation and maintenance costs, poor system safety, low efficiency of renewable energy utilization and large pollution emissions. This paper proposes an energy hub configuration optimization method based on analytic hierarchy and grey correlation analysis. First, configure the energy hub model. Second, establish a configuration optimization model that includes operation and maintenance costs, installation costs, renewable energy utilization efficiency, system failure rate and environmental protection. Finally, through the hierarchical decomposition and gray correlation analysis and the use of Matlab soft pair model calculation, the effectiveness of the algorithm is proved, and the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the consumption performance of renewable energy, enhance the safety of the system, and make the system run economically.

Quantum tomography of entangled qubits by time-resolved single-photon counting with time-continuous measurements

In this article, we introduce a framework for entanglement characterization by time-resolved single-photon counting with measurement operators defined in the time domain. For a quantum system with unitary dynamics, we generate time-continuous measurements by shifting from the Schrödinger picture to the Heisenberg representation. In particular, we discuss this approach in reference to photonic tomography. To make the measurement scheme realistic, we impose timing uncertainty on photon counts along with the Poisson noise. Then, the framework is tested numerically on quantum tomography of qubits. Next, we investigate the accuracy of the model for polarization-entangled photon pairs. Entanglement detection and precision of state reconstruction are quantified by figures of merit and presented on graphs versus the amount of time uncertainty.

Who Gets (and Who Should Get) a Serious Illness Conversation in the Hospital? An Analysis of Readmission Risk Score in an Electronic Health Record.

Serious Illness Conversations (SICs) explore patients' prognostic awareness, hopes, and worries, and can help establish priorities for their care during and after hospitalization. While identifying patients who benefit from an SIC remains a challenge, this task may be facilitated by use of validated prediction scores available in most commercial electronic health records (EHRs), such as Epic's Readmission Risk Score (RRS). We identified the RRS on admission for all hospital encounters from October 2018 to August 2019 and measured the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve to determine whether RRS could accurately discriminate post discharge 6-month mortality. For encounters with standardized SIC documentation matched in a 1:3 ratio to controls by sex and age (±5years), we constructed a multivariable, paired logistic regression model and measured the odds of SIC documentation per every 10% absolute increase in RRS. RRS was predictive of 6-month mortality with acceptable discrimination (AUROC .71) and was significantly associated with SIC documentation (adjusted OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.24-1.63). An RRS >28% used to identify patients with post discharge 6-month mortality had a high specificity (89.0%) and negative predictive value (NPV) (97.0%), but low sensitivity (25.2%) and positive predictive value (PPV) (7.9%). RRS may serve as a practical EHR-based screen to exclude patients not requiring an SIC, thereby leaving a smaller cohort to be further evaluated for SIC needs using other validated tools and clinical assessment.

Study of ordering and transportation of raw materials for manufacturing companies based on 0-1 planning

The job functions of supply chain management is the planning and control of logistics related to the supply chain from the supplier to the production enterprise, specifically for the entire supply chain system of a manufacturing company, the various processes of planning, coordination, operation, control and optimization are carried out. This paper focuses on quantitative analysis of the supplier's supply characteristics and solves the optimization problem by changing different constraints to establish predictive models for future pairs of ordering and forwarding solutions, respectively. Based on a quantitative analysis of the supplier's supply characteristics, this paper optimizes the total cost of delivering the right product to the right place, at the right time, in the suitable quantity, of the right quality and in the right condition, as required by the customer.

Dynamic modeling, analysis, and experimental study of ball screw pairs with nut spalling faults in electromechanical actuators

Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis on electromechanical actuators (EMAs) have gradually become a research hotspot in the field of aviation, but few studies have examined the failure mechanism of an EMA by establishing a dynamic model. As such, this paper establishes the two-degree-of-freedom radial dynamic models of ball screw pairs under normal and faulty conditions to analyze the dynamic characteristics that may occur in the vibration responses of normal and faulty ball screw pairs. After analyzing the simulation results of the established models, in this study, it is determined that after a spalling fault occurs in the inner raceway of a ball nut, the amplitude at the third harmonic of the ball passage frequency will increase significantly compared with the first and second harmonics of that frequency in the acceleration spectrum of the nut. This phenomenon can be regarded as a characteristic expression of the nut spalling fault in the acceleration spectrum, and it is verified by experiments on an EMA test rig. The experimental results show that this fault characteristic can also be observed even when the screw shaft rotating speed varies from 60 rpm to 420 rpm. However, under high-speed conditions, additional signal processing and noise reduction methods are required to solve the problem of background noise interference.

Engineering Novel 3D Models to Recreate High-Grade Osteosarcoma and its Immune and Extracellular Matrix Microenvironment.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone cancer, where the overall 5-year surviving rate is below 20% in resistant forms. Accelerating cures for those poor outcome patients remains a challenge. Nevertheless, several studies of agents targeting abnormal cancerous pathways have yielded disappointing results when translated into clinic because of the lack of accurate OS preclinical modeling. So, any effort to design preclinical drug testing may consider all inter-, intra-, and extra-tumoral heterogeneities throughout models mimicking extracellular and immune microenvironment. Therefore, the bioengineering of patient-derived models reproducing the OS heterogeneity, the interaction with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and the modulation of oxygen concentrations additionally to recreation of bone scaffold is proposed here. Eight 2D preclinical models mimicking several OS clinical situations and their TAMs in hypoxic conditions are developed first and, subsequently, the paired 3D models faithfully preserving histological and biological characteristics are generated. It is possible to shape reproducibly M2-like macrophages cultured with all OS patient-derived cell lines in both dimensions. The final 3D models pooling all heterogeneity features are providing accurate proliferation and migration data to understand the mechanisms involved in OS and immune cells/biomatrix interactions and sustained such that engineered 3D preclinical systems will improve personalized medicine.

Influence of electron irradiation on fluctuation conductivity and pseudogap in YBa2Cu3O7−δ single crystals

The effect of electron irradiation with the energy of 2.5 MeV on the temperature dependences of the resistivity ρ(T) of an optimally doped YBa2Cu3O7−δ single crystal has been studied. The temperature dependences of both fluctuation conductivity σ′ (T) and the pseudogap Δ*(T) on irradiation dose φ have been calculated within the local pair model. Here we show that with an increase in φ, the value of ρ(300 K) increases linearly, while Tc decreases linearly. Concurrently, the value of ρ(100 K) increases nonlinearly, demonstrating a feature for φ3 = 4.3⋅1018 e/cm2, which is also observed in the number of other dose-dependent parameters. Regardless of the irradiation dose, in the temperature range from Tc up to T01, σ′(T) obeys the classical fluctuation theories of Aslamazov-Larkin (3D-AL) and Maki-Thompson (2D-MT), demonstrating 3D-2D crossover with increasing temperature. The crossover temperature T0 makes it possible to determine the coherence length along the c axis, ξc(0), which increases by ∼3 times under irradiation. Furthermore, the range of superconducting fluctuations above Tc also noticeably increases. At φ1 = 0, the dependence Δ*(T) typical for single crystals containing pronounced twin boundaries is observed with a maximum at Tpair ∼120 K and a distinct minimum at T = T01. It was determined for the first time that at φ3 = 4.3⋅1018 e/cm2 the shape of Δ*(T) changes strongly and becomes the same as in optimally doped YBa2Cu3O7−δ single crystals with a very low pseudogap opening temperature T* and noticeably reduced Tpair, while at Tc(φ) there are no singularities. With an increase in the irradiation dose up to φ4 = 8.81018 e/cm2, the shape of Δ*(T) is restored and becomes the same as in well-structured YBa2Cu3O7−δ films and untwined single crystals. Moreover, in this case, Tpair and T* increase noticeably.

Improving Student Learning Outcomes Through The Think Pair and Share Model In Learning English

The Think Pair and Share cooperative learning model is a “cooperative learning model that was first developed by Frank Lyman and his colleagues at the University of Maryland in 1981. This research is a classroom action research. The research subjects are students in grades 8-2 of SMP Negeri 2 Sengkang a total of 16 people consisting of 8 men and 8 women. The total number of students in grades 8-2 is 36 people. While the research procedure consists of 4 stages, namely: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and data verification/conclusion. The results of the study indicate that the Think Pair and Share Model can improve learning outcomes in English learning for grades 8-2 of SMP Negeri 2 Sengkang in the 2021/2022 academic year.

Analysis of the Competitive Environment in the Electronics Market: the Global Crisis of the Semiconductor Industry and Global Development Trends

The relevance of the study lies in the large-scale and progressive impact of the shortage in the semiconductor market on the key industries of modern electronics production. Currently, the production of microchips shows the highest growth rates, the sphere is directly associated with the fourth industrial revolution, so leading manufacturers are actively seeking either to increase market share or to gain leadership altogether. As a result, competition is intensifying both between individual companies and between countries. The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of influence of the shortage of semiconductors on the final cost of goods based on microchips. The main task is to analyze the dependence of the cost of video cards on the cryptocurrency exchange rate, the growth in demand for the extraction of which is one of the factors that influenced the semiconductor crisis. The article analyzes the current state of the semiconductor industry market, describes the key players, manufactured products by type. The chronology of events that led to the shortage of microchips – the main basis for any modern electronics – has been built. The article describes the main affected industries from the crisis in the semiconductor market, analyzes the consequences in quantitative and qualitative terms. Conclusions are drawn about the global role of cryptocurrency mining in the progressive shortage of microchips. In the course of the study, general scientific methods were applied, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, as well as special methods (statistical-economic and econometric analysis). A paired linear regression model is constructed to identify the relationship between the Bitcoin exchange rate and the cost of popular video card models. As a result of the study, the relationship between the cryptocurrency exchange rate and the price of video cards was determined, and the stock index of the semiconductor industry was analyzed.

On ranking climate factors affecting the living organisms based on paired comparison model, a Bayesian approach

The method of paired comparisons (PC) endeavors to rank treatments presented in pairs to panelists (or respondents, judges, jurists, etc.) and they have to select the better one based on sensory evaluations. Sometimes the situations may occur when the panelists cannot discriminate between the treatments and declare a tie. In this study, an effort is made to extend the Weibull PC model to accommodate ties. The extended Weibull PC model is analyzed using Bayesian paradigm. Four different loss functions are used under noninformative (Uniform and Jeffreys) priors. The posterior and marginal posterior distributions are derived. The posterior estimates, posterior risks, preference probabilities, posterior probabilities and predictive probabilities are evaluated to know the ranking of ecological factor. The goodness of the proposed model is assessed. The entire analysis is carried out using a real data set based on the preference for the ecological factors.

Investigation of empirical heat capacity in hot-rotating A ∼ 200 nuclei

The empirical heat capacities of some hot-rotating A ∼ 200 nuclei (184Re, 200Tl, 211Po, and 212At) have been investigated by combining the angular-momentum dependent back-shifted Fermi gas (BSFG) model of nuclear level density (NLD) with the experimental NLD data extracted from the neutron-evaporation spectra at the average total angular momentum ⟨J⟩ = 12 ℏ. The parameters of the BSFG are obtained by fitting its NLD to the corresponding measured data using an advanced package of program modeling (CPM) provided by Python feature of IBM decision optimization CPLEX. The results obtained show that the shell correction plays an important role in the formation of empirical S-shaped heat capacity, which serves as a fingerprint for the pairing phase transition in finite nuclear systems. The 184Re nucleus, which is deformed and has small shell correction, exhibits a weaker S-shaped heat capacity than the remaining three spherical 200Tl, 211Po, and 212At nuclei that have large shell effects. This result contrasts with that recently predicted by the microscopic exact pairing plus independent-particle model at finite temperature (EP + IPM), in which the S-shaped heat capacity was predicted in 184Re only. This discrepancy between the heat capacities obtained within the BSFG and EP + IPM models suggests that an NLD model capable of well describing the experimental data while also having intrinsic and as complete as possible physical interpretations is still required in order to provide the exact description of nuclear thermodynamic quantities. In addition, more experimental NLD data in other mass and higher energy regions are also demanded.

POINT AND INTERVAL FORECAST OF GROSS CROP PRODUCT OUTPUT IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Purpose of the research is to develop an interval forecast of changes in the indicators of gross crop production from the volume of sown area based on the construction of a paired linear regression model and analysis of changes in the total output of crop production depending on the volume of sown areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2000-2021.Methodology. In this work, we used methods for constructing and analyzing a paired linear regression model, methods for constructing precise and interval forecasts using a paired regression model.Originality / value of the research lies in the possibility of using predictive calculations of the gross production of crop production from the volume of sown area while improving the state policy of restructuring agricultural land for the effective use of the potential of land resources and increasing the volume of crop production in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The results of the study contribute to the development of methodological foundations for calculating the volume of crop production in the Republic of Kazakhstan in various categories of farms.Findings. This paper analyzes the change in the gross output of crop production and sown areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2000-2021 based on the construction of a paired linear regression model. The quality of the model was assessed, the interval for the lower and upper limits of the forecast of changes in the gross output of crop production from the volume of the sown area was calculated. An economic interpretation of the calculated data obtained as a result of building a linear pair regression model is given. The research confirms the importance of a reasonable approach to the development of a rational structure of sown areas, based on the strategic task of ensuring food security in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

An Immune-Related lncRNA Pairing Model for Predicting the Prognosis and Immune-Infiltrating Cell Condition in Human Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer is the second common cancer among the gynecological tumors. It is difficult to be found and diagnosed in the early stage and easy to relapse due to chemoresistance and deficiency in choices of treatment. Therefore, future exploring the biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction of ovarian cancer is significant to women in the world. We downloaded data from TCGA and GTEx and used R “limma” package for analyzing the differentially expressed immune-related lncRNA in ovarian cancer and finally got 7 downregulated and 171 upregulated lncRNA. Then, we paired the differentially expressed immune-related lncRNA and constructed a novel lncRNA pairing model containing 7 lncRNA pairs. Based on the cut-off point with the highest AUC value, 102 patients were selected in high-risk group and 272 in low-risk group. The KM analysis suggested that the patients in the low-risk group had a longer overall survival. Future analysis showed the correlations between risk scores and clinicopathological parameters and infiltrating immune cells. In conclusion, we identified an immune-related lncRNA pairing model for predicting the prognosis and immune-infiltrating cell condition in human ovarian cancer, which thus further can instruct immunotherapy.

Family Cohesion and Positive Sibling Relationships in Families Raising a Child with or without a Disability

ABSTRACT Scant research exists regarding how family cohesion is related to relationships among siblings with and without disabilities. The purpose of this study, based upon the Double ABCX Model of Adaptation, was to investigate cohesion and sibling relationships in families raising typically developing siblings (TDC) and families raising children with some type of disability. Mothers and fathers of 221 sibling pairs completed demographic, family cohesion, and sibling relationships questionnaires. Paired t-tests, correlations, and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. Mothers reported higher levels of family cohesion than fathers. Comparing families raising TDC with families raising a child with some type of disability, parents of TDC reported higher cohesion than parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); fathers of TDC reported higher cohesion than fathers of children with Down syndrome (DS). However, parents of TDC reported less positive sibling relationships than parents of DS. Higher levels of cohesion correlated with more positive sibling relationships. It was concluded that relationships exist between family cohesion and sibling relationships, and these perceptions differ between families raising children with or without disabilities. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE BERPIKIR BERPASANGAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR LABORATORIUM UM KOTA MALANG

This study aims to determine the improvement of students' Indonesian learning outcomes through the application of the cooperative model of the pair-type cooperative model for elementary schools in the Malang City UM laboratory. This research was a Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a sample of all second grade students. The data analysis technique was used through quantitative and qualitative data analysis. The results showed that there was a significant increase in student learning outcomes from each cycle, where the percentage of completeness from 20% to 100%, with details as many as 13 students who scored 80-100 (65%), and 7 other students scored 60-79 (35%). These results indicate that the application of this type of paired cooperative learning model is able to assist students in solving problems related to everyday problems, and is also able to develop students' communicative abilities, increase independent learning and build relationships with each other.

Efforts to Improve Teachers' Competence in Developing Learning Sources and Media With The Think Pair and Share Model Discussion

The general research objective is to determine the level of teacher skills in developing learning resources and media after supervision of the Think Pair and Share model. In particular, this study aims to improve the skills of teachers in developing learning resources and media through the supervision of the Think Pair and Share model.The research subjects were teachers of SD Negeri 1 Klego, Klego District, Boyolali Regency, totaling 7 people. The type of research is school action research. Data collection techniques used: questionnaires, observations, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used descriptive qualitative.The results of the study concluded: (1) Think Pair and Share model was able to increase the active participation of teachers to exchange ideas and experiences, increase reciprocal interaction between teachers, increase openness among teachers, increase teacher understanding of the problems encountered in the learning process; (2) Think Pair and Share model is very effective to improve the skills of teachers in developing learning resources and media, because all teachers respond with high categories. In other words, the teacher feels that supervision with the Think Pair and Share model is very useful for improving learning resources and media.

Extended Bethe-Richardson-Gaudin ansatzes for the solution of a mean-field plus separable pairing model with three non-degenerate j-orbits

Based on the Bethe-Richardson-Gaudin ansatz for the standard pairing model, extended Bethe- Richardson-Gaudin ansatzes for eigenvectors of a spherical mean-field plus separable pairing model with three non-degenerate j-orbits are proffered. It is shown that the number of variables appearing in the general extended ansatz eigenvectors for given number of pairs N is N(N+1)/2. More importantly, when one of the j orbits is 1/2, there are only 2N variables involved in the alternative extended ansatz eigenvectors, which, like the standard pairing model, can be solved efficiently. Numerical results for an application of the model in the ds-shell up to its half-filling are presented, which serves to validate the procedure and illustrates the completeness of the solutions it renders.

Exercise engagement drives changes in cognition and cardiorespiratory fitness after 8 weeks of aerobic training in sedentary aging adults at risk of cognitive decline.

BackgroundWith our aging population, many individuals are at risk of developing age-related cognitive decline. Physical exercise has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive performance in aging adults. This study examined the effects of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on cognitive performance and cardiorespiratory fitness in sedentary aging adults at risk for cognitive decline.MethodsFifty-two participants (age 62.9 ± 6.8, 76.9% female) engaged in eight weeks of moderate-to high-intensity exercise (19 in-person, 33 remotely). Global cognition was measured by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, and the Digit Span subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) Fourth Edition. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured via heart rate recovery at minute 1 (HRR1) and 2 (HRR2), and exercise engagement (defined as percent of total exercise time spent in the prescribed heart rate zone). We measured pre and post changes using paired t-tests and mixed effects models, and investigated the association between cardiorespiratory and cognitive performance using multiple regression models. Cohen's d were calculated to estimate effect sizes.ResultsOverall, 63.4 % of participants demonstrated high engagement (≥ 70% total exercise time spent in the prescribed heart rate zone). There were significant pre-post improvements in verbal fluency and verbal memory, and a significant decrement in working memory, but these were associated with small effect sizes (Cohen's d <0.5). Concerning cardiorespiratory fitness, there was a pre-to-post significant improvement in HRR1 (p = 0.01, d = 0.30) and HRR2 (p < 0.001, d = 0.50). Multiple regressions revealed significant associations between cardiorespiratory and cognitive performance, but all were associated with small effect sizes (Cohen's d < 0.5). Interestingly, there were significant between-group differences in exercise engagement (all p < 0.001), with remote participants demonstrating greater exercise engagement than in-person participants.ConclusionImprovements in cognition and cardiorespiratory fitness were observed after 8 weeks of moderate to high-intensity exercise in aging adults. These results suggest that committing to a regular exercise regimen, even for a brief two-month period, can promote improvements in both cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive performance, and that improvements are driven by exercise engagement.

Estimating the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Customers’ Dining-Out Activities in South Korea

This study classified the types of dining-out activities into three categories: visiting restaurants, using delivery services, and using take-out services to understand how customers’ various dining-out activities were carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used the Theory of Planed Behavior (TPB) model to analyze the structural relationship between the main factors and three dining-out activities. An online survey method was used to distribute and collect survey link addresses through respondents’ SNS and e-mail and a data analysis was performed on the final 429(85.8%) effective samples. A paired t-test and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to investigate customers’ dining-out activities. This study is of significant contribution in that it compared and analyzed customers’ various dining-out activities using the TPB model, laid the theoretical foundation for related research, and suggested ways to help related industry workers establish marketing strategies under the pandemic.