Paint Industry Research Articles

Optimization of spray drying process of buriti oil-loaded bilayer emulsions

Buriti oil is extracted from the fruits of a palm tree (Mauritia flexuosa L.) native to the Amazon rainforest, having one of the highest levels of β-carotene found in nature. The emulsification of buriti oil contributes to protecting the bioavailability of its bioactive compounds during processing. Drying oil-loaded emulsions is a way to produce microcapsules that have higher storage stability and expand the application possibilities of buriti oil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of spray drying conditions on the microencapsulation of buriti oil, using response surface methodology. Bilayer emulsions were stabilized by whey protein isolate and high-methoxyl pectin and spray dried. The effects of inlet air temperature (154–196 °C) and feed flow rate (1.2–6.8 mL/min) on different properties of the microcapsules were evaluated. Higher air temperatures caused a positive effect on process yield but affected the color and encapsulation efficiency, while the increase in feed flow rate had a positive effect on the color of microcapsules. The higher drying rates negatively affected the microcapsules, resulting in larger and agglomerated particles, with the presence of holes in their surface. Surface models were obtained to predict color parameters of the microcapsules, which can be used as tools to quality control during processing. In general, the low drying rate resulted in microcapsules with suitable characteristics to ensure oil protection. The optimized spray drying process allows the production of buriti oil microcapsules with potential for application as natural pigments in the food industry.

A novel ratiometric formaldehyde fluorescent probe for applications in environmental, food, and biological systems

Formaldehyde (FA) is a toxic, irritating, colorless gas molecule widely used in food preservation, construction, paint, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. However, FA may enter the air, water and soil during its release, causing ecological damage and jeopardizing human health. Therefore, it is significant to seek a simple and effective assay for detecting FA in environment, food, and biological systems. Here, we designed and synthesized a novel phenothiazine-based fluorescent probe, JD-1, which exhibits ratiometric emission responses to FA at 400 nm and 505 nm. In addition, a solid sensor prepared by loading the probe JD-1 onto filter paper successfully achieved visual detection of liquid and gaseous FA. Notably, to further investigate the application scenarios of probe JD-1 in the detection of FA, we also prepared electrostatically spun fiber membranes by mixing probe JD-1 with PVDF-HFP, which were successfully used for the selective detection of FA. And the probe JD-1 possessed excellent stability in the detection of FA in real food samples, soil, live cells and zebrafish. Thus, this probe provides an attractive assay for the detection of FA in environment food, biological systems.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ОЛІГОМЕРІВ НА ОСНОВІ ПОБІЧНИХ ПРОДУКТІВ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ЕТЕНУ В ЛАКОФАРБОВИХ МАТЕРІАЛАХ

The results of the study of the use of oligomers obtained by di-tert-butyl peroxide-initiated oligomerization of C5 and C9 hydrocarbon fractions of liquid by-products of ethene production by pyrolysis of petroleum raw materials as synthetic substitutes for vegetable oil in the production of paint materials, in particular Oxol oils, are given. It was established that the use of 54.5 wt. % of the oil A 60 % solution of the oligomer in white spirit makes it possible to obtain a product that meets the requirements of TU U 20.3-37168270-044:2017, which will allow the release of significant amounts of edible vegetable oils, which are used for technical purposes in the paint industry of Ukraine.

Sustainable Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Biochar for the Sorptive Removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) from Water

The unregulated discharge of synthetic dyes from various anthropogenic and industrial activities has resulted in the contamination of different environmental compartments. These dyes can contaminate water bodies, soil, and even the air, resulting in many environmental and health issues. True colors may persist for long periods, thereby affecting the aesthetics and ecology of dye-contaminated areas. Furthermore, they pose potential risks to aquatic life and human health through the ingestion or absorption of dye-contaminated water or food. Acid orange 7 (AO7) is a synthetic azo dye used in the textile, tanning, food, pharmaceutical, paint, electronics, cosmetics, and paper and pulp industries. AO7 can have various human health implications, such as dermatitis, nausea, severe headache, respiratory tract irritation, and bone marrow depletion, due to its high toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity. Efforts to regulate and mitigate dye pollution (AO7) are crucial for environmental sustainability and public health. Therefore, this study aimed to remove AO7 from water using sustainable biochar. This objective was accomplished by pyrolyzing dried Napier grass at 700 °C to develop affordable and sustainable Napier grass biochar (NGBC700). The developed biochar was characterized for its surface morphology, surface functional groups, surface area, and elemental composition. The yield, moisture content, and ash content of the NGBC700 were approximately 31%, 6%, and 21%, respectively. The NGBC700’s BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) surface area was 108 . Batch sorption studies were carried out at different pH levels (2–10), biochar dosages (1, 2, 3, and 4 ), and AO7 concentrations (10, 20, and 30 . The kinetic data were better fitted to the pseudo-second-order (PSO) equation (R2 = 0.964–0.997) than the pseudo-first-order (PFO) equation (R2 = 0.789–0.988). The Freundlich isotherm equation (R2 = 0.965–0.994) fitted the sorption equilibrium data better than the Langmuir equation (R2 = 0.788–0.987), suggesting AO7 sorption on heterogenous NGBC700. The maximum monolayer AO7 adsorption capacities of the NGBC700 were 14.3, 12.7, and 8.4 at 10, 25, and 40 °C, respectively. The column AO7 sorption capacity was 4.4. Fixed-bed AO7 sorption data were fitted to the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson column models. The NGBC700 efficiently removed AO7 from locally available dye-laden wastewater. NGBC700 was regenerated using different NaOH concentrations. Possible interactions contributing to AO7 sorption on NGBC700 include hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and π–π electron donor–acceptor attractions. The estimated total preparation cost of NGBC700 was US$ 6.02 kg−1. The developed sustainable NGBC700 is potentially cost-effective and environmentally friendly, and it utilizes waste (Napier grass) to eliminate fatal AO7 dye from aqueous media.

Natural rubber composites reinforced with sodium sulfate waste from pigment industry: A circular economy approach for solid waste management

The massive industrial waste discharged into the environment adversely affects the ecological system. Traditional methods like landfilling or other disposal methods can no longer be adequate to handle them, and their reutilization is consequently gaining popularity. Most chemical industries generate a large amount of sodium sulfate waste (SSW), contaminating air and water. Hence, its reutilization in natural rubber (NR) as a reinforcing filler is explored. SSW generated in Ultramarine and Pigments Ltd., Chennai, India, was procured and characterized. The fabricated NR-SSW composite's cure, mechanical, and sorption features have been investigated. NR composite with 7.5 phr (parts per hundred of rubber) SSW showed a 9 %, 14 % and 29 % increase in tensile strength, tear strength, and modulus at 300 % elongation, respectively, and a remarkable decrease in abrasion loss and higher abrasion resistance index (ARI) as compared to NR-Neat. All these properties decreased beyond 7.5 phr SSW addition, proving its better adhesion on NR up to 7.5 phr loading. The experimental tensile strength showed a good correlation with Turcsányi-Pukànszky-Tüdõs (T-P-T) model, confirming the better matrix-filler interaction up to 7.5 phr SSW loading. Sorption studies proved the better barrier properties of NR-SSW7.5 composite compared to NR-Neat. Various kinetic parameters were studied, and a suitable transportation method was suggested. NR-SSW7.5 composite, having remarkable mechanical and barrier properties, finds application in various rubber products manufacture. The reutilization of SSW as an efficient filler in NR is an innovative attempt from a circular economy perspective, as it reduces production costs and environmental pollution.

Environment friendly MOF-MoS2 composite for Cr(VI) and Pb(II) capture from paint industry wastewater: sequestration, regeneration and toxicity

Treatment of paint industry wastewater is challenging due to the presence of interfering ions, tertiary organics and radical species beyond acceptable levels. Further, the synthetic nature of adsorbent poses a risk in post-adsorption waste disposal due to hightened chances of environmental damage or toxicity. Therefore, this reported study focuses on the development of an ecofriendly heterogeneous composite by hydrothermal process using Iron-terephthalic acid (BDC), Metal-organic framework (MOF), and Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2)-together named Fe(BDC)-MoS2. This composite was tested for adsorption of Cr(VI) available in paint industry effluent wastewater (PW). The characterization of the Fe(BDC)-MoS2 using SEM, XRD, XPS, FTIR, revealed resilient formation of the composite. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) for Cr(VI) was 116.36 mg/g at 1.0 g/L Fe(BDC)-MoS2 dose at pH 5.13. Fe(BDC)-MoS2 readily adsorbed Cr(VI) from PW with ∼ 99.99 % effecieny. Significant reduction in the co-existing cations (e.g., Ni2+, Mn3+, Al3+, Cu2+, Co2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+) and anions (e.g. Chloride, Sulfate, and Nitrate) was also observed. The reusability study demonstrated a drop in adsorption efficiency by about 25 % after 4 consecutive cycles. The toxicity study on the human cervical epithelial (HeLa) cells at 50 μg/m Fe(BDC)-MoS2 dose showed cell viability of 95, while at 250 μg/Ml, it was 26.5 %. Overall, this study demonstrated Fe(BDC)-MoS2 as an ecofriendly and viable adsorbent for treating industrial wastewater.

Analısıs Kualıtatıf Rhodamın B pada Perona Mata (Eyeshadow) yang Beredar dı Toko Kosmetık Kota Tarakan

Both adults and teenagers often use eyeshadow as a common cosmetic. The paint and textile industry often uses a red synthetic dye known as rhodamine B. Apart from having carcinogenic properties, continued use of rhodamine B can cause liver problems and gastrointestinal irritation which has the potential to hurt health. This research aims to answer the problem, of whether or not eyeshadow preparations sold in Tarakan City beauty shops contain Rhodamine B. The method in this research uses a wool thread technique and a rhodamine B rapid test kit to carry out qualitative analysis using eleven samples. The results showed that of the eleven eyeshadow samples examined at the Tarakan City cosmetics shop, three samples experienced a color change from red to dark red or purplish. Two of the eyeshadows are not registered, while one is registered with BPOM. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that three of the eleven eyeshadow samples tested positive for rhodamine B.

Combination of online hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction with smartphone-based sensing for in situ formaldehyde assay in fabric and wastewater samples.

A miniaturized analytical methodology was introduced based on the combination of a direct and online hollow fiber microextraction method with smartphone color detection. The method was used for the determination of formaldehyde (target analyte) in fabric and wastewater samples. In this regard, two reagents including ammonium acetate buffer and acetylacetone were added to the formaldehyde samples to create a colored compound. The colored compound was extracted from the sample by using the hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction method, the extracted phase was not taken out of the extraction box and was directly transferred into a specially designed detection cell, and a smartphone was applied forin-situ color sensing and data readout. This combination gathered the advantages of both state-of-the-art microextraction techniques and smartphone sensing. Formaldehyde, as a carcinogenic compound widely used in paint and clothing industries, was selected as a model test. Factors affecting extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized, including the type of organic solvents, reagent concentration, salt, pH, stirring speed, reaction temperature, and extraction time. The linear region of the method under optimal conditions was 40-1500µg L-1 for wastewater samples and 0.3-11.2mg kg-1 for fabrics. The limit of detection and limit of qualification were 13 and 40µg L-1, respectively. The relative standard deviations for concentrations of 100 and 1000µg L-1 were 6% and 4%, respectively. To evaluate the application of the method for real samples, types of fabric and two samples of oil refinery wastewater were selected. The relative recovery in real samples was 84-98%. The results of the analytical parameters of the method show that the developed method can be used as an efficient method to determine formaldehyde in real samples.

A Study on Customer Satisfaction with Asian Paints

This consideration explores client fulfillment inside the setting of Asian Paints, an unmistakable player in the paint industry. The inquiry centers on understanding the components impacting client fulfillment, investigating the client criticism components utilized by Asian Paints, and assessing the adequacy of their client benefit activities. the inquiry assembles experiences from a different test of Asian Paints clients. The discoveries uncover key determinants of client fulfillment, counting item quality, color extension, estimating, and client benefit responsiveness. Also, the consider analyzes the effect of computerized stages and online intelligence on client involvement. By examining client input channels such as studies, social media, and client benefit intuition, the investigation sheds light on ranges of quality and openings for change. Besides, the consideration examines the suggestions of client fulfillment on brand devotion and generally trade victory for Asian Paints. Proposals are given for improving client fulfillment levels, emphasizing the significance of proactive engagement, personalized communication, and nonstop change in benefit conveyance. Besides, the consideration sheds light on the significance of post-purchase back and engagement in cultivating long-term connections with clients. Asian Paints' comprehensive after-sales benefit, guarantee approaches and client input components play a pivotal part in tending to grievances, settling issues instantly, and building belief and devotion among clients. This can provide some important factors that can contribute to customer satisfaction in the paint industry, this particular focus is on Asian paints. considering customer concerns, growing and strengthening its leadership position, driving business growth, and maintaining its reputation

Investigation into the Profitability Strategies of Shared Sheet Metal Spray Centers

With the introduction of regulations such as the "Decision of the Ministry of Transport on Amending the Regulations on the Administration of Motor Vehicle Maintenance" in China, the government's environmental requirements for the traditional automotive repair industry have been continuously increasing. The spray painting and sheet metal repair business, which has a significant environmental impact, has gradually evolved into modern, intensive, and specialized shared sheet metal spray centers. While domestic scholars have paid some attention to the social and environmental benefits of shared sheet metal spray centers, there is a lack of systematic research on their profit models. This paper investigates the current state of shared sheet metal spray centers by analyzing the development of the spray painting and sheet metal repair industry, comparing the profit models of other sharing economy sectors vertically, and integrating the value chain theory to sort out the profit strategies of shared sheet metal spray centers. The aim is to provide theoretical reference for spray and sheet metal repair operators to promote the healthy development of shared sheet metal spray centers.

Nanoencapsulation of Bixin and Norbixin in Sodium Alginate: Preparation, Characterization, and Release in Food Simulant

Aims: Bixin and norbixin are natural antioxidants used as pigments in the food industry, but their chemical structure makes them susceptible to environmental factors (light, oxygen, and temperature). Background: Nanoencapsulation techniques can improve the stability and solubility of these compounds in addition to reducing particle size which can increase surface:volume ratio and provide many attractive and unique properties to the nanoparticles. Objective: In this study, sodium alginate was used as wall material for the encapsulation of bixin and norbixin in different concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 g/g of biopolymer), by emulsification/internal gelation method. Methods: The emulsification/internal gelation method was used to elaborate bixin or norbixin-loaded nanospheres. The internal phase of the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion was prepared with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate (1.5% w/v – 40 mL), 0.12 g of CaCO3, bixin or norbixin pigments, and mechanically stirred for 15 min at 700 rpm. Results: Nanospheres containing the highest concentration of both carotenoids showed better encapsulation efficiency, with 37.86% for bixin and 51.47% for norbixin, and these formulations were used for characterization analyses. The mean size of the nanospheres was 741.9 ± 41.0 nm, 622.9 ± 71.0 nm, and 589.5 ± 99.1 nm for control particles, bixin, and norbixin, respectively. The addition of both carotenoids resulted in particles with a yellow-red color, which demonstrates the encapsulation of natural antioxidants. The thermal analysis results may indicate an increase in the thermal stability of the pigments after encapsulation, in addition, the nanospheres exhibited the ability to scavenge the ABTS+ radical. Carotenoids release test in food simulant (95% ethanol) presented a rapid release in the first hours and maintenance of concentration for 10 days. Conclusion: Results showed that these nanospheres could be an alternative to the application of these carotenoid pigments in food matrices and food packaging.

Industry Market Analysis for the Paint & Coatings Industry

Industry Market Analysis for the Paint & Coatings Industry

Effect of Volatile Organic Compounds on Pulmonary Functions Among Paint Industry Workers of Unorganized Sectors.

Background Paint industry workers are constantly exposed to paints and organic solvents that contain a substantial quantity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Exposure to VOC emissions could result in pulmonary, neurobehavioral, and hematological consequences. Limited studies have been undertaken in India to assess the health consequences of VOCs among paint industry workers in unorganized sectors. Aim To assess the effects of VOCs on pulmonary function in paint industry workers of unorganized sectors. Methodology A hundred and twenty full-time male construction painters and small-scale paint manufacturing workers aged 25-60 were assessed for respiratory symptoms using a questionnaire, and pulmonary functions using Wright's Peak Expiratory Flow Meter (PEFR). Participants were randomly selected forVOC assessment andthe cumulative solvent exposure index was calculated. A pulmonary function test (PFT) was performed on a subset of construction painters (n=30) using a Koko spirometer. Results The concentration of VOCs such as benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, and xylene (BETX) and dichloromethane levels exceeded American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)threshold limit values (TLVs) among the paint manufacturing workers. About 52% of paint workers reported respiratory symptoms. Around 22% of the participants showedreduced pulmonary function (PEFR<400 L/min). There was a significant weaknegativecorrelationbetween PEFR andwork experience (r = -0.2, p=0.03). PFT parameters among a subset of construction painters revealed a significant moderate negative correlation with work experience [forced expiratory volume at the onset of the first second (FEV1) (r = -0.6, p=0.001) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (r = -0.53, p=0.005)] and cumulative VOC exposure index [FEV1 (r = -0.53, p = 0.004) and FVC (r = -0.5, p = 0.008)]. Conclusion The concentration of VOCs was higher among paint industry workers of unorganized sectors and they reported respiratory symptoms and diminished pulmonary function. To reduce morbidity, it is critical to enhance awareness about occupational safety and services in these unorganized sectors.

Proximate Constituent Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Annual Edible Flowers

Background: Flowers are not only for their ornamental, aesthetic purpose but it is a great nutritious to human diet and health. These are rich source of pigments and possess antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Few flowers are used traditionally in diet and there is huge scope to use edible flowers in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and pigment industry. But very less research has been done till date for finding proximate constituent, antioxidant activity and mineral profiling of edible annual flowers. The present work investigated the proximate constituent analysis and antioxidant activity of few annual flowers. Methods: In this laboratory analysis, different annual flowers were used for the experiment. They were Celosia cristata var. Deep Armor Purple, Celosia cristata var. Twisted Orange, Celosia cristata var. Pink, Celosia argentea var. Cristata Yellow, Celosia argentea var. Plumosa, Celosia cristata var. Bombay Pink, Gomphrena globosa, Gallardia pulchella, Tagetes erecta, Tagetes patula and Calendula officinalis. Proximate constituent analysis and antioxidant activity were performed using Association of Official Analytical Chemist (A.O.A.C) methods. Result: Among the different annual flowers, the maximum ash content (15.58%) the crude protein content (13.45%) and the crude fibre content (13.39%) were found in Gomphrena globosa flowers, whereas the minimum ash content (7.24%), the minimum crude protein (6.51%) and the minimum crude fibre content (6.63%) were reported in Calendula officinalis flowers. On the other hand, the antioxidant activity was found to be superior in the flowers of Tagetes patula (60.34%) followed by Tagetes erecta (57.99%) and the minimum antioxidant activity (43.89%) was found in flowers of Celosia cristata var. Twisted Orange.

A STUDY ON LOGISTICS RISK EVALUATION INVOLVED IN PIGMENT INDUSTRY

In the current worldwide economy, logistics are essential to guaranteeing the smooth movement of commodities among different businesses. The pigment business, which is necessary for colouring a wide range of goods, including paints and cosmetics, has particular difficulties with logistical management. The objective of this research is to assess the logistical risks that are common in the pigment business and provide ways to reduce them. A mixed-methods approach is used in the research, integrating quantitative and qualitative analysis. In order to identify important risk variables in pigment logistics, qualitative data is gathered through surveys and interviews with stakeholders, logistics managers, and industry experts. These elements include supplier connections, inventory management, transportation, warehousing, and regulatory compliance. Moreover, quantitative analysis evaluates the frequency and seriousness of hazards revealed by statistical techniques. This entails the creation of a methodology for evaluating logistics risk that is specific to the pigment sector and incorporates variables including regulatory changes, supply chain interruptions, demand volatility, and shipping delays. The report suggests a thorough risk-reduction plan for the logistics of the pigment sector based on its results. This plan includes preventative actions including expanding the variety of transportation routes, implementing sophisticated inventory control systems, creating backup plans, and improving supplier cooperation. This study's consequences go beyond the pigment business; it provides insights that may be applied to other areas of logistics management. Through the investigation of the particular logistical issues encountered by pigment producers, this study enhances the resilience, efficiency, and overall sustainability of the supply chain. Keywords: Supply Chain Management, Risk Mitigation Techniques, Quantitative Analysis, Pigment Industry, Logistics Risk Assessment.

Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation activities of a hybrid magnetic mesoporous composite of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles embedded with sheets-like MgO

Crystal violet (CV), identified as a potential carcinogen, is a synthetic dye prevalent in wastewater from textile and paint industries. Therefore, the current study demonstrates that the hybrid composite of mesoporous magnetic α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles @ sheet-like MgO (Fe2O3@MgO) can be employed as a potential effective sorbent and photocatalyst for CV-removal from polluted water. A comparative study was systematically performed on the CV-removal using MgO and Fe2O3@MgO composite. The physicochemical, textural, and structural properties, morphological features, and elemental composition of mesoporous Fe2O3@MgO composite were intensively investigated. Batch trials were performed to optimize the sorption conditions. The highest CV-uptake efficiency was detected at pH 9 within the adsorption equilibrium time of about 30 min, where the maximum capacity of Fe2O3@MgO was 50.8 mg/g. Under UV irradiation, the Fe2O3@MgO photocatalyst exhibited a high efficiency and fast response toward CV-removal. The mechanism of CV removal was researched through zeta potential (ZP), bandgap, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The outcome demonstrated that mesoporous Fe2O3@MgO sorbent/photocatalyst could be recycled and reused ten times, making it a cost-effective solution for removing CV-dye from wastewater. This manuscript suggested that mesoporous Fe2O3@MgO composite is an efficient adsorbent/photocatalyst for fast, affordable, and efficient decontamination of CV-dye from wastewater.

The effect of walnut shell (juglans regia) on colour fastness of leather

After a long way of development, leather production is considered as one of the leading industries in many countries of the world, using advanced achievements of science, technology and new technologies. Leather is considered a raw material after the use of animal products as meat products. However, many chemicals are additionally used to treat the skin. This creates a barrier to the environmental friendliness of the skin and the environment. But recently, due to environmental pollution, the question of replacing chemical production substances with natural substitutes has arisen. The purpose of the work is to replace chemical dyes with natural extracts in the leather industry in order to protect the environment, to determine the resistance of colored leather to water drops. This work was carried out in order to study the colour fastness of leather, what colored with natural extract. Colour fastness to water spotting was determined and analyzed. Walnut shells were used as extracts of natural dye. Three different samples were taken as control samples: a sample prepared using a standard chemical pigment, a sample prepared using water instead of a chemical pigment, and a leather sample that had not been finished. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the leather dyed with natural extracts has a good coloring quality. Extract of walnut shell can be used as a dye instead of chemical pigments in the leather industry.

Regression Analysis of Concrete Produced from Selected Wastewater Types

This study investigates the effects of using various wastewater types on the strength characteristics of concrete through regression analysis. Given the construction industry's substantial freshwater consumption and the increasing scarcity of potable water, the research explores the viability of substituting wastewater in concrete production. Materials tested include cement, aggregates, and wastewater from kitchen, laundry, fish-pond, and paint industry, alongside potable water for control. Comprehensive tests on these materials, including physical, chemical, and bacteriological assessments, preceded the concrete mixing and casting process. The study involved curing concrete specimens and performing compressive and tensile strength tests at intervals of 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Results indicated that while concrete made with potable water exhibited superior performance, wastewaters significantly influenced the mechanical properties of concrete, with potable water achieving the highest compressive and tensile strengths. Regression analysis confirmed a substantial impact of curing duration on strength development. The research concludes that water quality is crucial for concrete performance and suggests potable water for optimal strength, though wastewaters present a potential alternative, highlighting the need for further evaluation and adherence to quality standards.

Comprehensive characterization of modern industrial Argentinian paints for improved chronological painting attribution

Throughout the twentieth century, the paint industry developed a multitude of new binding media, pigments and additives that improved the appearance, ease of application, and performance of modern industrial paints. Depending on when and where they were first manufactured, and when they were introduced into paint formulations, some of these new paint components could conceivably be chronological markers useful in assigning attribution to specific artists or in the study of forgeries. The aim of this study was to develop a systematic methodology for characterizing organic and inorganic materials in modern paints, and search for potential chronological markers. Colored reference paints manufactured by local companies in Argentina from the 1940s and 1950s were studied with a multi-analytical approach that included Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. A wide range of compounds was identified due to the complementarity use of the analytical techniques. Historical references, patents, books, and scientific publications about the materials used in that time period provided invaluable information in establishing tentative timelines for modern paint components. This investigation was part of a broader interdisciplinary investigation of Concrete Art, an international art movement of the beginning of the twentieth century, which took place in Argentina and other nearby countries during the 1940s and 1950s. To prove the concept, a micro-sample from “Obra N° 171” by Raúl Lozza was analyzed. Organic and inorganic fractions were studied and the information collected was correlated with developed timelines to support the authentication process. Ultimately, the information from this study may also have a direct impact on the key areas of material characterization, aging behavior, and conservation of works of art made from these products.

Exploratory Study on Curriculum Teaching Based on Industry-Education Collaborative Educational Training: Non-heritage Tangka Mural Painting Course as an Example

With the economic and social development of the country, higher education is facing a shift from quantitative expansion to qualitative improvement, and the exploration of course teaching based on industry-teaching collaborative education has become an important and urgent task. This paper explores the teaching exploration of non-heritage Tangka mural painting courses based on the concept of collaborative education and training between industry and education, in order to gain insights into how to integrate traditional art courses with industry demands to meet the diverse needs of modern students closely. Through interdisciplinary integration, project-driven learning, and collaboration with the non-heritage Tangka mural painting industry, we investigated the practical application and effectiveness of this educational model. Through the assessment of educational outcomes, we found that this model has achieved significant success in improving the overall quality of students and developing practical skills. The results of this study provide useful experience for other institutions to promote the educational model of collaborative education between industry and education in different fields.