Paint Gun Research Articles

Production of a double cermet coating to treatment of the turbine blades

Turbine blades commonly encounter external defects, such as cracks and high porosity, while in operation. To mitigate these challenges, the method of thermal spraying by flame is utilized for the application of cermet materials, which comprise both metal and ceramics, onto the blades. This process involved incorporating manganese (Mn) into a chromium oxide (Cr2O3) base in varying proportions (3,6,9,12,15)%. Before this, the two blends underwent multiple preparatory stages, such as being combined in a micro-mill for two hours and subsequently dried at 80 °C for thirty minutes to eliminate any moisture in the lab. The coating bases were prepared from an out-of-service turbine bit and shaped into squares with a side length of 1 cm. The bases were then roughened and indented using a paint gun. The resulting models were sintered at a temperature of 1000 °C for two hours. A number of structural and physical tests were carried out for the painted models before and after thermal sintering. Scanning electron microscope tests revealed crystalline regularity and lattice consistency of the outer surface especially at 15%Mn. The observed results of actual density indicated a gradual increase in density with successive additions of manganese. However, there was a consistent decrease in real porosity and water absorption, resulting in lower values at 15%. The hardness and adhesion strength exhibited significant improvements, increasing by approximately 15%. Conversely, the addition of the stiffener led to a continuous decrease in thermal conductivity. Consequently, it was concluded that the ideal coating settings for achieving favorable results were a coating distance of 16cm, a coating angle of 90°, and thermal sintering at 1000 °C.

High-Pressure Paint Gun Injury of the Thumb: A Case of Reconstruction Using a Reverse Thenar Perforator-Based Island Flap

Hand injuries due to high-pressure paint gun devices are rare but may lead to serious outcomes. The authors describe a case of a high-pressure injury of the thumb that was managed promptly and later reconstructed successfully with minimal functional deficit. A 39-year-old man with a high-pressure paint gun injury of the right thumb was referred. Though the external wound was small, X-ray and computed tomography images showed extensive spread of paint inside. The paint was removed through a wide skin incision. After 6 weeks, the surgical wound had completely healed, except for a defect around the interphalangeal joint with bone exposure. A reverse thenar perforator-based island flap based on the princeps pollicis artery was elevated and moved to the defect. After defect reconstruction, the patient recovered pinch and grasp function through physiotherapy. High-pressure paint gun injuries of the thumb can lead to significant functional deficits of the hand. A small skin lesion may cause the actual extent of damage to be underestimated, as extensive penetration of paint can cause severe damage to the soft tissues. Thus, immediate surgical removal of the paint and coverage of the remnant wounds with an appropriate flap are necessary.

Surgical treatment of high-pressure injection injuries of the hand caused by using paint guns: a report of three serial cases

The incidence of high-pressure injection injuries is increasing with the development of industry and use of injectors. Although high-pressure injection injuries are relatively rare, they commonly lead to complications such as skin necrosis, infection, and amputation. Moreover, the initial presentation is prone to be underestimated because of the small entry point at the patient’s first encounter in emergency care. A prompt surgical intervention is required, with appropriate and rapid initial treatments, including broad-spectrum antibiotics and tetanus toxoid. The surgical treatment involves wide debridement for foreign material removal and subsequent reconstruction. In this case report, we present three cases we encountered and the ensuing complications. All three patients who received the same treatments are discussed in detail.

An uncommon case of high-pressure paint gun injury to the orbit with multimodality evaluation and literature review.

High-pressure paint injection injury to the orbit is a rare type of orbital trauma. We present an unfortunate case of high-pressure paint injury to the right orbit of a young patient. High-pressure injection injury presents with a unique injury mechanism and resultant deep tissue damage. The superficial appearance of the entry site injury is deceiving; therefore, a thorough evaluation is necessary. Debridement is usually required if foreign body material is present. Antibiotics and steroids are commonly used in such cases.

Computer Vision Controlled Automated Paint Sprayer Using Image Processing and Embedded System

The paper presents a smart approach for a real time painting of walls in continuous flow. Image processing in today’s world grabs massive attention as it leads to possibilities of broaden application in many fields of high technology. The camera senses the color of the wall. This information is processed for robot to paint different places. The painting process is based on a 2-phase operative methodology defined as, 1) A self-learning step where the apparatus learns to identify the color of the wall 2) An operative selection process where the painting location is detected and painted using a decisional algorithm. It aims in classifying the walls and its objects based on its color. The robot is programmed to carry the paint gun to the location and paint it. This eliminates the monotonous work done by existing system. It achieves high accuracy and speed. The project involves camera that senses the object and sends the signal to the microcontroller. The microcontroller sends signal to the circuit which drives various motors of the robot. Based on the detection the climber moves to the specified location and starts painting. By using Design Thinking approach Empathy was done to identify the difficulties in painting. Following the steps of Design Thinking the proposed method gives the automated paint sprayer using image processing.

Alat-Alat Kerja Tukang Meja Kayu Memajukan Usaha Keluarga Di Padang Bulan Medan

The current condition of the COVID-19 pandemic has made the economy mostly experience a setback, also experienced by partners, namely the Mulyadi family in Padang Buan, Medan City, not far from the Medan State Polytechnic. Mulayadi, who owns a grocery business selling basic necessities, was forced to close the business because of the declining number of buyers, including due to competition between the same businesses. Next the partners think what to do then turn around and start the table carpenter business. With conventional tools such as hand planers, hand saws, manual chisels and manual painting, partners make wooden tables, and sell them quickly to coffee shops in Padang Bulan around USU. With the help of his son, he tried to offer his wooden table through social media and it turned out that there was a request from the community. As demand from buyers increases, partners find it difficult to meet buyers and are constrained by increasing their business in making wooden tables because they require modern equipment such as electric planers, electric saws, electric drills, compressors, and painting gun units, and partners do not have the money to buy tools. the tool. This was conveyed to the Polmed lecturer to ask for help providing these tools. Then the implementation team carries out a survey, evaluating needs that can improve the work of partners, so that the implementation team of this service aims to help provide carpentry tools and provide training on the use of tools properly and safely. Then the service implementation team made a submission to Polmed through P3M and carried out a service program by handing over tools or machines in the form of 2 electric planers, 1 electric saw, 1 electric drill, compressor and painting gun unit. At the time of delivery, partners said that with manual equipment made of wooden tables as many as 1-2 tables per week, then with the availability of tools provided by Polmed through the chief executive, they could make 4-5 tables per week with more aesthetic ones, and therefore partners' opinions became increase.

Experimental Investigation on the Spray Characteristics of a Robotic Spray Paint Gun Used for Car Repaint

Experimental Investigation on the Spray Characteristics of a Robotic Spray Paint Gun Used for Car Repaint

Particular Type of High-pressure Injection Injuries: Oil-based Paint Guns, a retrospective, single center experience

Particular Type of High-pressure Injection Injuries: Oil-based Paint Guns, a retrospective, single center experience

Nadążne sterowanie procesem sekwencjonowania karoserii na wydziale lakierni

A modified method of follow-up production control that can be used in a multi-version car body sequencing process at the paint shop department is presented. The actual structure of the paint shop along with the buffer was subjected to tests (Car Sequencing Problem 4.0). The main goals of the research were to minimize the number of changeovers resulting from color changes and to synchronize these changeovers with forced, periodic cleaning of paint guns.

Path Planning for Spray Painting Robot of Horns Surfaces in Ship Manufacturing

Generating paint gun path for complex free-form surfaces in shipbuilding industry to ensure uniform paint deposition is highly challenging due to their complex geometry, especially for horns surfaces. In this paper, a tool trajectory optimization method was proposed based on dip angle spray in order to solve the problems of poor coating uniformity and material waste for spraying horns surface with curved patches. A dip angle spray model was developed based on the Beta distribution model on the planar surface by principle of differential geometry. The spray path optimization models for dip angle spraying on cylindrical surfaces of three cases were proposed and compared first to define the best case which yields the best painting quality. Then we used the best strategy on a horns surface in a shipyard to evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of designed algorithm. This algorithm can also be extended to other applications.

Trajectory planning method based on transitional segment optimization of spray painting robot on complex-free surface

PurposeThis paper aims to present a new trajectory optimization approach targeting spray painting applications that satisfies the paint thickness requirements of complex-free surfaces.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a new trajectory generation approach is developed to optimize the transitional segments at the junction of adjacent patches for straight line, convex arc and concave arc combinations based on different angles between normal vectors of patches. In addition, the paint parameters including the paint gun velocity, spray height and the distance between adjacent trajectories have been determined in the generation approach. Then a thickness distribution model is established to simulate the effectiveness of trajectory planning.FindingsThe developed approach was applied to a complex-free surface of various curvatures, and the analysis results of the trajectory optimization show that adopting different transitional segment according to the angle between normal vectors can obtain the optimal trajectory. Based on the simulation and experimental validation results, the proposed approach is effective at improving paint thickness uniformity, and the obtained results are consistent with the simulation results, meaning that the simulation model can be used to predict the actual paint performance.Originality/valueThis paper discusses a new trajectory generation approach to decrease the thickness error values to satisfy spray paint requirements. According to the successfully performed simulation and experimental results, the approach is useful and practical in overcoming the challenge of improving the paint thickness quality on complex-free surface.

Outcomes of Neglected Paint Gun Hand Injuries: Neglected Patients

Outcomes of Neglected Paint Gun Hand Injuries: Neglected Patients

Set-Based Control for Autonomous Spray Painting

In this paper, a method is presented for lowering the energy consumption and/or increasing the speed of a standard manipulator spray painting a surface. The approach is based on the observation that a small angle between the spray direction and the surface normal does not affect the quality of the paint job. Recent results in set-based kinematic control are utilized to develop a switched control system, where this angle is defined as a set-based task with a maximum allowed limit. Four different set-based methods are implemented and tested on a UR5 manipulator from Universal Robots. Experimental results verify the correctness of the method, and demonstrate that the set-based approaches can substantially lower the paint time and energy consumption compared to the current standard solution. Note to Practitioners —This paper is motivated by the observation that uniform paint coating can be achieved even when the spray direction is not normal to the spray surface. By allowing a small orientation error, the manipulator maintains a constant spray velocity along the surface while following a more energy efficient trajectory at the end-effector. By doing so, this velocity can also be increased as the proposed method requires less torque during the turns than the current industry standard. The method proposed in this paper is based on a kinematic control method and generates reference trajectories for the manipulator configuration and velocity every time step which are inputs to the manipulator dynamic controller. If tracked, the references will allow the paint gun to follow the trajectory, including both straight line segments and turns, with constant velocity and thus achieve uniform paint coating. We show how to calculate the reference state of the manipulator and present the explicit expressions for solving and implementing the algorithms. The approach can also be used for other applications where an offset in the end-effector orientation improves performance, such as welding and 3-D printing.

Reconstruction of High-Pressure Paint Gun Injection Injured Finger Using Free Flaps with T-Shaped Pedicles and Multiple Venous Anastomoses

Reconstruction of High-Pressure Paint Gun Injection Injured Finger Using Free Flaps with T-Shaped Pedicles and Multiple Venous Anastomoses

High pressure paint gun injury of the index finger: a case report

Injuries to the hand secondary to high pressure paint guns are considered to be true hand emergencies. These rare injuries may have serious outcomes, and a critical step in their management is extensive debridement performed within the first six hours following injury. For this reason, their diagnosis should not be delayed, and the hand surgeon should be informed immediately to initiate appropriate treatment. In this report, the authors describe a patient who was injured with a chemical paint gun, and whose injury was not diagnosed in the emergency department. The patient subsequently developed tenosynovitis. His treatment is reported herein.

Doppler dart demo

During last summer at Barrington High School, I taught a course in a summer bridge program designed to prepare students for physics. As an element of the course, students were asked to design a quantitative lab relating to something they enjoyed doing outside of school. The project required students to collect data, observe the effects of changing one variable, and present their conclusions. One group of students chose to determine the best method for completing timed paintball target practice courses. They wanted to see how firing a paint gun while moving toward and away from the target would affect the time required to complete the course. To answer these questions they decided to employ two automatic 18-dart Nerf® guns and a skateboard. Two experiments were performed, one with the student firing the dart gun while riding the skateboard toward the target and one with him firing the dart gun while riding the skateboard away from the target (Fig. 1). (Note: Teachers should inform their school administrators of their intent to use toy guns in class.)

CONTROL VORTEX POSITION IN A VERTICAL TUBE TO REDUC SPRAY DEFECTS AND REVAMPING SIX-SIGMA IMAGE VERIFICATION TOOL

Ideal-Standard factory sever from disturbance in covering Bathtubs with chemical painting liquid, this liquid must cover all surfaces by the same thickness, but the vortex appeared in the liquid make a bubbles cause a defect in the painting process. The repairing of this defect consumes more than 60% of spraying process time. The vortex must be controlled by determine vortex position to guarantee equal liquid distribution on bathtubs surfaces. Vortex flows are subject to a number of major structural changes involving very large disturbances when a characteristic ratio of azimuthally to axial velocity components is varied. This problem led to push liquid in the painting gun with different pressures, this difference is generate unbalance covers of chemical liquid on a Bathtubs. This phenomenon is one of the hydrodynamic instability problems led to spot burn bathtubs and reduce bathtubs resists against heating circumstances. The results revealed that there are a total of three distinct modes of the disruption of the vortex core as Reynolds number ( Re ) and circulation number ( Ω ) of the flow were varied. The position was found to be dependent on both Re and Ω of the flow. Whereas, for all Re values an increase in Ω always results in moving the vortex position upstream for all Re values. The vortex position values are smaller for anti-clockwise flow direction than that, when vanes were set at clockwise flow direction for long and short tube

High-pressure paint gun injury: clinical presentation and imaging findings

High-pressure paint gun injuries are potentially devastating injuries that require emergent surgical incision and drainage. They result from erroneous equipment operation and accidental injection of a variety of substances at pressures high enough to breach the skin. The largely benign superficial appearance masks the extent of the underlying injury. In the absence of an appropriate history, the radiologist must recognize the characteristic radiographic findings and suggest the diagnosis to the clinician.

Path Optimization of Spray Painting Robot for Zigzag Path Pattern

in order to solve the coating uniformity of common border between two patches based on zigzag path pattern, an algorithm of zigzag path is developed. In this paper, a complex free surface is divided into several patches based on the constraint of coating thickness error. Based on optimized parameters of spray path on a patch, an algorithm that using variable path parameter is used to optimize zigzag path pattern by modifying the planning direction of paint gun path when satisfy parallel condition. The results of simulations have shown that the path planning algorithm achieves satisfactory performance.

The Path Optimization of Spray Painting Robot for Two Path Pattern

Automatic trajectory generation for spray painting is highly desirable for today’s automotive manufacturing. Generating paint gun trajectories for complex curved surfaces to satisfy paint thickness requirements is still highly challenging due to the complex geometry of surfaces. In this paper, based on existing of method which complex surfaces are divided into patches to satisfy the constraints, two path optimization algorithms for path pattern have been developed. Two algorithms are developed to optimize the spiral path and zigzag path on a patch by modifying the planning direction of paint gun path. The results of simulations have shown that the two path planning algorithms achieve satisfactory performance.