Paid Work Research Articles

High Emotional Demands at Work and Poor Mental Health in Client-Facing Workers.

This study investigated the association between emotional demands and depression or anxiety in a wide range of jobs. We used data from the third Korean Working Conditions Survey (n = 50,032) for all occupational classifications, with no limitations placed on job title or employment type. Among the full set of regular paid workers in addition to self-employed, unpaid family workers, and informal employees such as independent contractors, 23,989 respondents worked with “customers, passengers, students, or patients” (i.e., clients). Emotional demands were evaluated using two questions: handling angry clients and needing to hide feelings for work performance. Any depression or anxiety over the last 12 months was taken to indicate poor mental health. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was performed to calculate adjusted ORs with 95% confidence intervals for the influence of emotional demands on mental health, adjusting for demographic factors (age, gender, education, income), occupational psychological demands, decision latitude, social support, weekly work hours and job insecurity. The prevalence of emotional demands was higher in self-employed and informal employees than in regular paid employees. The more frequent the exposure to the two emotional demands combined was, the higher the risk of depression or anxiety. High psychological demands, low social support, and low job security each further increased the risk of poor mental health. Emotional demands turned out to be widespread in the entire economy, were not limited to service or sales occupations, and were more evident in precarious work. The contribution of emotional demands and other preventable job stressors to the burden of depression or anxiety in society may be substantial.

Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.

SummaryBackgroundGender disparities in time use contribute to poor outcomes in women. Large-scale disruptions can affect time use. The objectives of this study were to characterize time use across the pandemic by gender and to assess how gender associates with 2021-time use, overall and by 2020 economic dependency status.MethodsA prospective cohort of youth in Nairobi, Kenya, completed phone-based surveys in August-October 2020 and April-May 2021. Time use was characterized at both time points and 1,777 participants with complete time use data at both time points were included in the analysis. 2021-time use was regressed on gender and stratified by 2020 economic dependency status.FindingsAt both time points, significant gender differences in time use found young men with more time on paid work and less time on domestic work [1·6 h; 95% CI: 1·1, 2·2] and [-1·9 h; 95% CI: -1·1, -1·5], respectively; 2021. In adjusted models, the gender differential in unpaid domestic work were significant overall and at all levels of economic dependency (dependent, semi-dependent, independent). The gender differential in paid work was evident among semi-dependent and independent.InterpretationYoung women spent less time on paid work and more time on domestic duties than male counterparts, consistently across a six-month period during the pandemic, suggesting gendered time poverty. Resulting gendered gaps in earnings can contribute to women's longer-term economic vulnerability.FundingThis work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [010481].

The Association between Family Care and Paid Work among Women in Germany: Does the Household Economic Context Matter?

Owing to the rapid ageing of societies, studying the labour market consequences of caring for ill, disabled or frail old-age partners, parents and/or other family members (hereafter: ‘family care’) is of urgent concern. Previous research has mainly concentrated on examining the impact of differing family care situations on women’s employment. Building on household decision-making approaches, this study focuses on the moderating role of the household economic situation in the family care–employment relationship among women. Cox shared frailty regression analyses of German Socio-Economic Panel data (SOEP, 2004–2017) indicate that the family care–employment relationship depends not simply on time committed to care but is also stratified by household economic situations: full-time employed, low-intensity caregivers down-scale to part-time hours only in more affluent households; full-time to non-employment transitions are more likely for married, high-intensity caregivers; part-time to non-employment transitions are more likely for high-intensity caregivers contributing marginally to the household income.

Ambivalence about disability: Why people with mild learning difficulties who are looking for employment may not identify as disabled

UK government policies over several decades have sought to actively encourage disabled people to take up paid employment, most recently by focusing on the ‘gap’ between employment rates of disabled and non-disabled people. These policies implicitly assume a clear distinction between people who are and are not disabled, linked to medically-oriented, hierarchical notions of deservingness. They also assume that people who need support will self-identify. This article explores factors that undermine those assumptions or expose their contradictory effects. It presents findings from qualitative research with people with mild learning difficulties, discussing their perceptions of disability and how they negotiated an ever-shifting balance of consequences of identifying as disabled or disclosing needs, linked to risks and experiences of prejudice, discrimination and exclusion. Points of interest Government policy to support disabled people into paid work suggests that it is obvious who is and who is not disabled. This research looks at what disability means for people with mild learning difficulties who are looking for paid work. People with mild learning difficulties sometimes view themselves as disabled but sometimes refuse that label, even when they accept that they need support. The research participants gave a wide range of reasons for accepting or rejecting the label of disability. They showed how they balanced hopes for support against fears of rejection or abuse, based on their personal experiences.

Victimological characteristics of victims of human trafficking

The article develops the victimological characteristic of victims of human trafficking on the basis of the analysis of materials of 300 criminal proceedings considered by courts of Ukraine for the period from 2010 to 2019. The author summarizes the data concerning 1167 victims of this encroachment.The analysis showed that 1147 (98,3%) victims of this crime were victims of human trafficking for the purpose of exploitation. Of these, 918 (80%) were victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation, 124 (10,8%) – for exploitation in the form of forced labor, 49 (4,3%) were forcibly involved in begging, 46 (4%) were victims of trafficking for the purpose of exploitation in the porn business, 10 (0,9%) – for the purpose of organ removal. Another 20 (1,7%) were victims of child trafficking committed by their parents for the purpose of their further adoption by other persons.The paper clarifies socio-demographic and other characteristics of victims of human trafficking. In particular, it is found that among 1167 victims of the analyzed encroachment, 1019 (87,3%) were women and 148 (12,7%) were men. The age of victims of human trafficking was distributed as follows: up to 14 years – 2,6%, from 14 to 18 years – 6,1%, from 18 to 30 years – 75,9%, from 30 to 40 years – 13,2%, from 40 to 50 years – 1,5%, from 50 to 60 years – 0,6%, over 60 years – 0,1%.The article establishes that what the vast majority of victims of trafficking have in common is the vulnerable state in which they find themselves. Only a few victims of human trafficking were employed at the time of the crime, but complained to their recruiters that their income level did not allow them to provide even the most basic needs, that they were in debt, had to support minor children, sick parents and so on. The vast majority of studied persons did not have any paid work or had only occasional earnings. Some of the victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation are former prostitutes.The article analyzes peculiarities of victim behavior of victims of human trafficking at different stages of this crime. Among other things, it states that victims of trafficking do not usually look at their job offers through the prism of critical thinking. At the same time, they often demonstrate not just a lack of vigilance, but unjustified (“blind”) trust in a stranger who promises an easy solution to material problems.

Comprehensive approach to reintegration of disability benefit recipients with multiple problems (CARm) into the labour market: results of a randomized controlled trial

Purpose Although most clients on work disability benefits face multiple problems, most traditional interventions for (re)integration focus on a single problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the “Comprehensive Approach to Reintegrate clients with multiple problems” (CARm), which provides a strategy for labour experts to build a relationship with each client in order to support clients in their needs and mobilize their social networks. Methods This study is a stratified, two-armed, non-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT), with a 12-month follow-up period. Outcome measures were: having paid work, level of functioning, general health, quality of life, and social support. Results We included a total of 207 clients in our study; 97 in the intervention group and 110 in the care as usual (CAU) group. The clients’ mean age was 35.4 years (SD 12.8), 53.1% were female, and 179 (86.5%) reported multiple problems. We found the CARm intervention to have no significant effects superior to those of the CAU group on all outcomes. Conclusion As we found no superior effect of the CARm intervention compared to CAU, we cannot recommend widespread adoption of CARm. A process evaluation will give more insight into possible implementation failure of the intervention. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Most traditional interventions for (re)integration into the labour market are problem-centred, i.e., focusing on a single problem, and have limited effectiveness in persons with multiple problems. A strength-based intervention may be suitable for vocational rehabilitation and disability settings, since it contains many elements (e.g., being strength-based, focused on clients’ wishes and goals, and involving activation of the social environment) also likely to improve chances of re-employment of persons with multiple problems. In this study a strength-based intervention did not show a superior effect on paid employment and functioning within one year follow-up compared to care as usual in people with multiple problems on a work disability benefit.

Patients admitted to treatment for substance use disorder in Norway: a population-based case\u2013control study of socio-demographic correlates and comparative analyses across substance use disorders

BackgroundImproved knowledge regarding socio-demographic correlates of people with substance use disorders (SUDs) is essential to better plan and provide adequate services for SUD patients and their families, and to improve our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying progression into and development of various SUDs. This study aimed to: i) describe demographic, economic, and social correlates of people with SUDs in comparison with those of the general population and ii) compare these correlates across SUDs from licit versus illicit substances, as well as across specific SUDs.MethodsA national population-based case–control study included all SUD patients enrolled in specialized drug treatment in Norway in 2009–2010 (N = 31 245) and a population control sample, frequency-matched on age and gender (N = 31 275). Data on education level, labour market participation, income level and sources, and family/living arrangement were obtained by linkages to national registers.ResultsDemographic, economic, and social correlates of SUD patients differed substantially from those of the general population, and across specific SUDs. Among SUD patients, those with illicit – as compared to licit – SUDs were younger (mean quotient = 0.72 [0.71–0.72]), more often had low education level (RR = 1.68 [1.63–1.73]), were less often in paid work (RR = 0.74 [0.72–0.76]) and had lower income (mean quotient = 0.61 [0.60–0.62]). Comparison of patients with different SUD diagnoses revealed substantial demographic differences, including the relatively low mean age among cannabis patients and the high share of females among sedatives/hypnotics patients. Opioid patients stood out by being older, and more often out of work, receiving social security benefits, and living alone. Cocaine and alcohol patients were more often better educated, included in the work force, and had a better financial situation.ConclusionFindings revealed substantial and important differences in socio-demographic correlates between SUD patients and the general population, between SUD patients with illicit and with licit substance use, and across specific SUD patient groups.

Changes in labour market histories and their relationship with paid work around state pension age: evidence from three British longitudinal studies

AbstractMany countries have implemented policies to extend working lives in response to population ageing, yet there remains little understanding of what drives paid work in later life, nor how this is changing over time. This paper utilises the 1988/89 Survey of Retirement and Retirement Plans, the 1999 British Household Panel Survey and the 2008 English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, to investigate drivers of paid work in the ten years surrounding state pension age (SPA) for women and men in, comparing cohorts born in the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s. Using optimal matching analysis with logistic and multinomial regression models, the study assesses the relative importance of lifecourse histories, socio-economic circumstances and contemporaneous factors, in determining paid work in mid- and later life. Participation in paid work in the five years preceding and beyond SPA increased markedly for men and women across cohorts, with women's lifecourses and engagement with paid work changing considerably in these periods. However, for women, a lifetime history of paid work remained a crucially important predictor of paid work in later life, and this relationship has strengthened over time. Experiencing divorce has also become an important driver of paid work around SPA for the youngest cohort. Having children later, and still having a mortgage, also independently predict labour force participation for women and men. Across all cohorts and for women and men, working at these older ages was a function of higher income and better health. These findings suggest that policies which enable people to maintain ties to paid work across the lifecourse may be more effective at encouraging later-life employment than those concerned only with postponing the retirement transition.

Land reallocation responses to China's New Rural Pension Scheme: Evidence from a regression discontinuity design

This study examines how labor reallocation has been associated with land reallocation following the implementation of the New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS) in 2009. Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) gathered during two periods (2013 and 2015), it uses the discrete changes generated by the new program's rules to identify the impact on land reallocation, as represented by the amount of land rented out by the elderly and their spouses. The age 60 NRPS eligibility threshold is associated with large increases in land rented out. The most important channel identified is the increase in the number of adult-children migrants, which reduces the number of farm workers and may help relax credit constraints. In contrast, the NRPS program has had no impact on the extent of elderly labor; there are no changes in their time spent caring for grandchildren or paid work in the labor market. A deeper examination of the welfare effect shows that despite labor and land reallocation, the NRPS has had no impact on either household consumption or elderly well-being. This study contributes to the literature by connecting land (as a factor of production) with the pension scheme, which may have policy implications regarding how money transfer programs would affect land and labor reallocation and individual welfare in other countries in the global context.

Implementing the work-life balance directive in times of COVID-19: new prospects for post-pandemic workplaces in the European Union?

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected workers’, especially women’s, ability to combine their paid work and care obligations in an unprecedented way. However, it has also raised the political relevance of the work-life balance issue. The moment is timely as the Work-life Balance Directive adopted by the European Union (EU) in 2019 comes to its implementation deadline in August 2022. The combination of these two events can lay the ground for new ways of configuring the workplace and new rights to working parents which might enhance work-life balance for workers in the EU.

Revisiting the Gender Revolution: Time on Paid Work, Domestic Work, and Total Work in East Asian and Western Societies 1985–2016

We analyze time use data of four East Asian societies and 12 Western countries between 1985 and 2016 to investigate the gender revolution in paid work, domestic work, and total work. The closing of gender gaps in paid work, domestic work, and total work time has stalled in the most recent decade in several countries. The magnitude of the gender gaps, cultural contexts, and welfare policies plays a key role in determining whether the gender revolution in the division of labor will stall or continue. Women undertake more total work than men across all societies: The gender gap ranges from 30 minutes to 2 hours a day. Our findings suggest that cultural norms interact with institutional contexts to affect the patterns of gender convergence in time use, and gender equality might settle at differing levels of egalitarianism across countries.

Time for Physical Activity: Different, Unequal, Gendered.

We investigate time inequity as an explanatory mechanism for gendered physical activity disparity. Our mixed-effect generalized linear model with two-stage residual inclusion framework uses longitudinal data, capturing differing exchanges and trade-offs in time resources. The first stage estimates within-household exchanges of paid and family work hours. Estimates show that men's employment increases women's family work hours while reducing their own, whereas women's employment weakly affects men's family time. Incorporating unequal household exchange into the second stage reveals that as women's paid or family work hours increase, physical activity goes down. In contrast, men's physical activity is unaffected by paid work hours, and family time appears protective. Control over work time further underscores gendered time exchange: Men's activity increases with own or partner's control, whereas women's increases only with their own. Our approach reveals how men's and women's unequal capability to use time creates differing trade-offs between work, family, and physical activity, generating health inequity.

Trends in Associations Between Sickness Absence Before the Age of 65 and Being in Paid Work After the Age of 65: Prospective Study of Three Total Population Cohorts

ABSTRACT The increasing workforce participation at higher ages may impact social insurance systems, however, this has hardly been studied at all. We studied associations between sociodemographic factors and prior sickness absence and disability pension, with having paid work and sickness absence after age 65, and if such associations changed over time. We used longitudinal register data regarding three cohorts of all residents in Sweden who turned 65 in 2000, 2005, or 2010 (N = 50,000, 68,000, and 99,000, respectively). Although employment rates when aged 66–71 increased between the cohorts, associations of sociodemographic factors with paid work and sickness absence, when aged 66–71 did not. Both sickness absence and disability pension when aged 60–64 were negatively associated with working past 65. Sickness absence when aged 60–64 was positively associated and disability pension was negatively associated with sickness absence after 65. Possibilities to remain in paid work with different health conditions need to be strengthened to avoid inequalities when raising the retirement age.

Features of the use of physical exercises at the long-term stage of rehabilitation after intra-articular fractures

Background and Study Aim. The main demand after surgical treatment of the injury is to restore motor function and return to an active lifestyle. The inclusion of effective therapeutic exercises in the rehabilitation program will help to restore the physical activity of patients. The aim of the study is to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a set of therapeutic exercises to restore the movements of the lower extremities of patients after surgery. Material and Methods. The program involved 14 patients who were randomized (n=6 - control group, CG; n=8 - main group, MG). All patients gave their informed consent to participate in the experiment and to the processing of their personal data. It was used the following scales: “6 minute walk test”, “Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score” (KOOS). The International Classification of Functioning (ICF) categories were assessed and program objectives were set. Conducted individual classes according to the developed rehabilitation program in the MG and the generally accepted in the CG. After 2 months, the implementation of the goals set in the program was evaluated. Nonparametric statistics were used to determine differences between groups, Wilcoxon test for related sets, and Mann-Whitney criteria for independent sets. Values ​​of p <0.05 were considered significant. Results. The goal of "Restore lower limb function" and "Ability to drive a car" was fulfilled in the MG and CG. Significant differences in the dynamics of KOOS subscales “Pain”, “Symptoms and stiffness”, “Quality of life” confirm this (p <0.05). The goal "Ability to work in the backyard" was met only by MG patients. The distance traveled significantly improved in MG and CG (p <0.05), but there was a significant difference between the comparison groups on this indicator (p <0.05). The assessment of the scale of the KOOS “Sport” and “Active Recreation” subscales changed only for MG (p <0.05) and at the end of the program differed significantly from the CG (p <0.05). Category d850 “Paid work” significantly improved during the study period in MG (p <0.05), with a significant difference between these indicators with CG. 2 of 6 CG patients (33.3 ± 21.1%) and 6 of 8 patients with MG (75.0 ± 16.4%) returned to previous work at p <0.05. Conclusions. It is recommended to perform exercises with an emphasis on the posterior surface of the lower extremity. The author's program of physical rehabilitation is quite conditional. Depending on the situation and condition of patients, adjustments are made. But the general direction and nature of the impact must be maintained.

Gender differences in housework and childcare among Japanese workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

ObjectivesAlthough gender stereotypes regarding paid work and unpaid work are changing, most wives are responsible for taking care of the family and home in Japan. It is unclear how time spent on housework and childcare has changed between working men and women during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Japan. The purpose of this study is to investigate how working men and women’s responsibilities for housework and childcare changed during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Japan depending on work hours, job type, the number of employees in the workplace, and frequency of telecommuting.MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis (N = 14,454) was conducted using data from an Internet monitoring study (CORoNa Work Project), which was conducted in December 2020. A multilevel logistic model with nested prefectures of residence was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for change in time devoted to housework and childcare among men and women adjusting for age, household income, presence of spouse who work, work hours, job type, the number of employees in the workplace, frequency of telecommuting, and the incidence rate of COVID‐19 by prefecture.ResultsMore women tended to perceive that their time of housework and/or childcare had been changed (increased housework: OR 1.92, 95% CI [1.71–2.16], P < .001; decreased workhours: 1.66 (1.25–2.19), P < .001: increased childcare: OR 1.58, 95% CI [1.29–1.92], P < .001; decreased childcare: 1.11 (0.62–2.00), P = .719).ConclusionsThe time spent by women on housework and childcare changed significantly compared to men during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Japan.

Occupational Injuries and Employee Satisfaction in Paid Workers: Data from the third, forth and fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey

Occupational Injuries and Employee Satisfaction in Paid Workers: Data from the third, forth and fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey

Work and Family Disadvantage: Determinants of Gender Gaps in Paid Work During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the increase in gender inequality in paid work during the pandemic to unpack the relative relevance of labor market and work-family conflict processes. Using panel data from the United States Current Population Survey, we examine four mechanisms in an integrated analysis that explicitly includes single-parent households and assesses the moderating role of women’s economic position relative to their partners. The results indicate that increases in gender inequality during the pandemic were heavily concentrated in households with children but also partly connected to gender differences in prepandemic labor market positions and to the higher prevalence of women in lower earner position relative to their partners. Single parents were more negatively impacted than partnered parents, but the disproportionate concentration of this impact on women does not contribute much to increases in overall gender inequality due to the relatively smaller size of this group.

Maternal occupation and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding: results of a birth cohort in São Luís, in the State of Maranhão, Brazil

In investigations determining the duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), the variable paid maternal work is mostly dichotomized into no and yes. This study analyzes possible associations between the characteristics of maternal occupation and shorter EBF duration. A cohort study was conducted in a systematic sample of births in the city of São Luís (State of Maranhão, Brazil), in 2010. The variables type of maternal occupation, numbers of days worked/week and hours worked/day, if they work while standing for most of the time, and if they lift heavy objects at work were collected with 5,166 mothers of live births. The final sample of this study had 3,268 observations. Survival analysis was used to evaluate associations between variables and EBF outcomes up to 4 months (EBF4) and EBF up to 6 months (EBF6). Not having paid work was the reference category. Adjusted Cox regressions showed that mothers with semi-specialized manual work (95% confidence interval, 95%CI: 1.02-1.58 for EBF4 and 95%CI: 1.11-1.56 for EBF6) and mothers who worked 8 or more hours daily (95%CI: 1.01-1.36 for AME4 and 95%CI: 1.11-1.41 for ESA6) more frequently discontinued EBF. Mothers with in-office occupations (95%CI: 1.07-1.46), who worked 4-5 days (95%CI: 1.01-1.36) or 6-7 days/week (95%CI: 1.09-1.40) and for 5-7 hours (95%CI: 1.03-1.43) also practiced less EBF6. Working (95%CI: 1.08-1.40) or not (95%CI: 1.03-1.34) while standing for most of the workday and lifting (95%CI: 1.07-1.56) or not (95%CI: 1.06-1.33) heavy objects at work decreased the duration of EBF6. Types of occupation and working time interfered more frequently in the duration of EBF6.

Abstract PO-061: 'Tu historia cuenta' online version: Promotores' experience and perspectives on the virtual adaption of a hereditary breast cancer education and risk identification program

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the U.S. and the leading cause of cancer related death among U.S. Latinas. Despite having lower breast cancer incidence, U.S. Latinas are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced stage disease compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW) women. This can be attributed to lower rates of screening and longer time to follow up after an abnormal mammogram in the former group. We developed a comprehensive promotores-led education and risk stratification program for Spanish-speaking Latinas to increase mammography screening, genetic testing, and the understanding of the impact of family history on cancer risk. Due to COVID-19 we adapted the program to a virtual platform. This study aimed to record and share the experience from the promotores' perspective as they educated the Latino(x) community through virtual sessions. Methods: We used a stakeholder continuous engagement approach and the construct of relational culture to build the program materials. The promotores were part of two organizations in California: Vision y Compromiso (Sacramento region, and San Francisco) and Promoters for Better Health (Los Angeles). Their experience was captured using semi-structured interviews guided by a set of questions and a request for additional thoughts. Demographic information was captured using a questionnaire. The promotores' voices were incorporated into this program through multiple interactions including the revision of the interviews. Results: All promotores (N=14) in the program were fluent in Spanish and self-identified as Hispanics/Latinos(x). Ages ranged between 34 and 62, most being first generation immigrants. Educational achievement varied from high school to college degree. Through the interviews and informal interaction, promotores shared that virtual platforms helped alleviate numerous obstacles for attendance like transportation, scheduling conflicts, and childcare costs. However, the online approach removed the personal connection that promotores usually have with participants. The most important challenge described was the lack of privacy and a safe space for participants to share, since many took the class in the middle of their homes near family members. The promotores agreed delivering the program gave them a greater sense of self-worth and confidence. They never thought that they could learn, and teach, community members about genetics and cancer risk. Conclusions: Despite the challenges brought about by COVID-19, the experience of transforming the ‘tu historia cuenta' program to a virtual platform provided unique opportunities for bi-directional collaboration between the academic and community partners and with the participants. Overall, we learned that the virtual program had both positive and negative aspects regarding community engagement. It also consistently empowered promotores as well as allowed them to continue their paid work during lock-down, which was equally appreciated during challenging economic times. Citation Format: Fabian Perez, Laura Fejerman, Eric Robles-Garibay, Angelica Perez, Elizabeth Quino, Maria Gonzalez, Miriam Hernandez, Alejandra Martinez, Patricia Castaneda, Raquel Ponce, Cindia Martinez, Ysabel Duron. 'Tu historia cuenta' online version: Promotores' experience and perspectives on the virtual adaption of a hereditary breast cancer education and risk identification program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-061.

Factors associated with paid work after the dam failure: Brumadinho Health Project.

To analyze the factors associated with paid work, after the dam failure, based on geographic strata, among men and women residing in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais. Baseline data from participants of the Brumadinho Health Project, aged 18 years or older, obtained through a questionnaire, between July and November 2021 (n=2,783) were used. The dependent variable was paid work after the dam failure and the explanatory variables were geographic stratum, age, education, race/skin color, self-perception of health and employment relationship before the event. The adjusted analysis was estimated by logistic regression. All analyses were performed separately for men and women. Paid work after the dam failure was reported by 58.3% (95%CI 55.0-61.6) of the participants, with the highest prevalence among men (71.4%; 95%CI 67.1-75.3) compared to women (48.6%; 95%CI 44.3-52.8) (p<0.001). After adjustments, the results showed that the population who was directly exposed to the disaster was less likely to have a paid work after it, both for women (OR=0.68; 95%CI 0.48-0.95) and for men (OR=0.48; 95%CI 0.30-0.78). In addition, women directly exposed to the disaster and who reported being self-employed before it were less likely to have a paid work, compared to women who reported being employed with or without a formal contract. Participation in the labor market is determined by several factors. Thus, intersectoral policies are necessary the population's demands of life and work are met in disaster situations.