Pages Of Newspapers Research Articles

Transformation of Assessment of the Neo-Union Movement in Volhynia on pages of the Lviv-Based Dilo newspaper

W 1924 roku w Polsce zaczęto szerzyć projekt neounijny zapoczątkowany przez Kościół katolicki w celu pozyskania ludności prawosławnej dawnego Cesarstwa Rosyjskiego. W następnym roku na terenie województwa wołyńskiego powstała pierwsza parafia neounijna. Ponieważ niemal we wszystkich przypadkach wyznawcy nowego wyznania rościli sobie pretensje do majątków lokalnych parafii prawosławnych, prowadziło to do konfliktów, o których z kolei było głośno w prasie. Jednym z najbardziej wpływowych periodyków ukraińskich w międzywojennej Polsce była wydawana we Lwowie gazeta „Diło”, nagłaśniająca m.in. kwestie religijne na Wołyniu. Począwszy od 1928 roku, redakcja „Diło” zaczęła publikować artykuły dotyczące rozwoju ruchu neounijnego w sąsiednim województwie. Jednocześnie gazeta broniła interesów ludności prawosławnej, choć wydawana była przez i przede wszystkim dla grekokatolików. Jedną z głównych przyczyn było wykluczenie ukraińskiego duchowieństwa greckokatolickiego z procesu szerzenia neounii. W ten sposób kontrolowane przez Ukraiński Sojusz Narodowo-Demokratyczny „Diło” walczyło o prawosławnych wyborców na Wołyniu. Począwszy od 1931 roku, po konsekracji biskupa Mikołaja Czarnieckiego, redakcja „Diło” zmieniła zdanie na temat neounii, która została uznana za zjawisko pozytywne, pozbawione wszelkich wad przypisywanych jej przez tę samą gazetę. Ludność prawosławna regionu nie była już postrzegana jako ofiara agresji zewnętrznej, a konwertytów nie przedstawiano jako najmniej moralnych członków lokalnej społeczności. Zmieniła się także ocena stanowiska władz. Choć w ostatnich latach II Rzeczpospolitej „Diło” w mniejszym stopniu interesowało się problematyką neounijną, to w sumie jego polityka wydawnicza tego okresu w większym stopniu odzwierciedlała utrwalone poglądy greckokatolickie na temat podporządkowania prawosławnych Ukraińców papieżowi, niż miało to miejsce przed 1931 rokiem.

L'art de la brièveté au XIXe siècle: les exemples d’Erckmann-Chatrian et de Maupassant

This article focuses on the art of brevity, particularly the short story – tale and novella – and its rise in the nineteenth century, which corresponds to the development of the press. Newspaper editors hire best-selling authors, especially storytellers, who write stories for the front pages of daily newspapers. These writers are constrained by the brevity imposed by the format of the newspaper. We then study two examples of storytellers: Erckmann-Chatrian who enjoyed success under the Second Empire; and Maupassant who wrote under the Third Republic. Erckmann-Chatrian are the authors of fantastic tales with didactic purposes and Émile Erckmann alone composed Alsatian and Vosges fables. Maupassant, for his part, began by writing poems, then tales and short stories, and engaged in frequent rewriting: the tale published in the press is often considered a draft, which will lead to a short story collected in volume.

Lithuanians and Lithuanian-Belarusian Relations in the Nasza Dola and Nasza Niwa Newspapers, 1906–1907

The text focuses on cooperation between the leaders of the Belarusian and the Lithuanian national movements in Vilna (Vilnius) during the Revolution of 1905–1907, reflected, in particular, on the pages of the first Belarusian newspapers published since 1906 in Vilna. Belarusian activists often spoke on behalf of Belarus and Lithuania, thus continuing the historical tradition of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, in the revival of which they saw the future of Belarus and Lithuania.

National Issue in Bessarabia in the Pages of Newspaper “Bessarabets”, 1897–1905

National Issue in Bessarabia in the Pages of Newspaper “Bessarabets”, 1897–1905

The newspaper “Tormysh” and Kryashen theme on its pages (1913–1918)

The article presents generalised conclusions based on the results of the study of Kryashen issues in the pages of the Tatar newspaper “Tormysh” (“Life”) published in Ufa in 1913–1918. It also examines the history of the newspaper and notes the contribution of representatives of the Muslim commercial and industrial bourgeoisie to the formation and development of the Tatar periodical. The study shows that the newspaper endeavoured to provide a broad coverage of topical social processes in the region. Taking into account local peculiarities, it paid attention to the activities of various cultural and educational institutions. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the materials about the spiritual life of the Kryashen population of Ufa Province published in the newspaper “Tormysh” were informational in nature. The topics for publications were most often missionary activities.
 For citation: Akhtyamova A.V. The newspaper “Tormysh” and Kryashen theme on its pages (1913–1918). From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. 2023, vol.13, no.4, pp.93–104. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2023-13-4.93-104 (In Russian)

양민 학살 사건에 대한 4월혁명 직후 언론 보도의 양상과 특징

This study shows how the press, after the April Revolution(1960), reported the massacres that had been occurred before/after the Korean War(1950-1953) and explains its characteristics. For these purposes, newspaper articles from the central/the local were analyzed as main materials and their perspectives were grasped from the editorials.
 The press covered the stories of the massacres from recording the testimony of the bereaved(victims) and revealed more such cases in various places. From mid-May to early June 1960, these articles were plastered on the pages of major daily newspapers. Thus, massacres emerged as a political and social issue after the April Revolution. The press produced a variety of discourse analyzing them. On the premise of their illegality, the media made legitimate claims such as finding truth, punishing the perpetrators, and compensating the victims. The press also specifically explored these alternatives.

Transformations in the productive routine of photojournalism: from analogue to visual journalism with Artificial Intelligence - AI tools

This paper discusses the changes in the productive routine of visual reporters and connects the work routine with the content transformations, which include the use and mastery of advanced tools to optimize journalistic agendas (using Artificial Intelligence - AI - tools), image editing resources with interactivity and image manipulation guided by systems derived from machine learning. Consequently, new techniques and technologies challenge image producers, nowadays called visual journalists or videographers. With these accelerated advancement, processes and languages ​​were introduced into the photojournalist's routine. Photography has gained new layers and today transposes its traditional physical support of photographic paper, the pages of newspapers and magazines, to a much broader spectrum of possibilities. On the internet, information flows quickly and non-linearly. The demand for audiovisual production resulted in the incorporation of increasingly developed technological resources. Also, cameras are capable of producing high-resolution videos for all types of screens.

Newspaper headlines, relevance and emotive effects

Readers' habit to glance over the news has spawned brief, creative and imaginative headlines. Of these, which element is capable of arresting eye movement on a newspaper (web)page, of sparking interest in the story? Lexical patterns, semantic content, pragmatic, or psychological effects elicited during interpretation? By raising this question, it may be possible to pull out the element which is an indispensable condition for captivating readers’ interest and ultimately, influencing public opinion. The variety of linguistic expression displayed in newspaper headlines (even when the same story is covered), vagueness, and creative style make convention and regularity less operative in an account of elements which influence the interpretation of headlines. It should then follow that an explanation of their distinctiveness and importance as autonomous, or accompanying, texts is to be sought elsewhere. Following up on Ifantidou (2009), I will grant that an adequate treatment of newspaper headlines presents a more pressing challenge: that of accounting for their non-propositional effects, i.e. emotions and experiential responses, which are capable of giving rise to inference and optimally relevant cognitive effects (as defined within relevance-theoretic pragmatics). In this way, the ultimate goal of engaging the reader in the story, by sharing the emotion of the story, is fulfilled.

ON THE COVERAGE OF MILITARY ISSUES ON THE PAGES OF THE SOVIET PROVINCIAL PRESS OF THE 1920s (based on the materials of Simbirsk Governorate)

The author focuses on the Red Army of the 1920s. The history of the Armed Forces of our Fatherland in an environment declared as a special military operation in modern Russia seems relevant both for specialists and for everyone interested in military history. The author explores certain aspects of the Red Army’s activities in the context of implementing the military policy in the USSR in 1923–1925. After the end of the Civil War (1918–1922) in Soviet Russia, the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army (Red Army) objectively needed to be seriously reformed. The very mediocre financial situation in the state did not allow the Soviet authorities to keep under arms a significant number of military personnel who remained after the war. Reformation of the Red Army began in 1923. At first, its number was brought up to 600 thousand people. In addition, in June 1923, the People’s Commissar for Military Affairs L.D. Trotsky decided to transform part of the army into militia units. The fifth part of the Army’s divisions had to undergo this experiment. Thus, eleven divisions received the name of territorial ones. The decree dated August 8, 1923, together with the organization of territorial divisions, determined the order of workers’ military training. Thus, the Red Army began the transition to a territorial-militia system. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the historical analysis of these events is carried out at the regional level, in particular, on the materials of one of the governorates of the Middle Volga region, which was previously absent.
 
 The purpose of this article is to investigate the coverage of military issues in the provincial periodical press of the first half of the 1920s on the materials of Simbirsk governorate.
 
 Materials and methods. The author uses problem-analytical and chronological research methods, the source base of the work is Simbirsk newspapers dated 1923, as well as memories of the participants to the events.
 
 Study results. The author points out that the largest military unit of Simbirsk garrison was the 2nd Simbirsk Rifle Regiment, which was located in the so-called Uhlan barracks. In one of September issues of the newspaper “Proletarskii put” which is analyzed by a researcher, we find an article about the beginning of conscription in 1923 already under the new rules. The author pays special attention to some aspects in the activities of Simbirsk school of Command Staff (Red Banner Infantry Military School), which carried out a lot of work on recruiting cadets in order to attract working and peasant youth to the Red Army. At the same time, the author tells about the first post – war graduation of the Red commanders in 1923.
 
 Conclusions. The researcher, using the example of Simbirsk governorate, claims that the provincial periodical press of the first half of the 1920s regularly actively discussed military issues. Articles about military reform and everyday life of the Red Army soldiers were systematically published on the pages of leading Simbirsk publications. For example, the daily life of Simbirsk School of command staff very often appeared on the pages of newspapers. We learn a lot of interesting things from the life of the Red Army from publications about combat training in the 2nd Simbirsk regiment. The pages of Simbirsk newspapers also give information on military units located in other regions of the country, in particular in Moscow and the Moscow region, on the Black Sea.

The front page as a canvas for multimodal argumentation: Brexit in the Greek press

In this paper, we analyze the front pages of mainstream Greek newspapers with the highest circulation reporting the official result of the Brexit referendum in 2016. Our analysis seeks to extract the standpoints and arguments that circulated in the Greek mainstream press on that day by studying the headlines and visuals on the front page. We study the front page not merely as an informative genre but crucially as an argumentative one, where the arguments can be reconstructed with the help of tools from argumentation theory combined with principles from multimodal critical discourse analysis. The proposed approach makes it possible to compare how the different ideological orientations in the Greek public sphere were steered by the representation of this piece of news. We show that, despite their ideological background, the newspapers under study converge to the construction of Brexit as a menacing phenomenon that puts the EU integration to the test and, as such, as an event that should have been avoided.

Visual Compositions and Layout Designs of the Front Pages of Nigerian Newspapers: A Study of Vanguard, Punch, Daily Sun and Leadership

Visual Compositions and Layout Designs of the Front Pages of Nigerian Newspapers: A Study of Vanguard, Punch, Daily Sun and Leadership

L’italia nello specchio del “noir”

The term “noir” is often used nowadays as a synonym to “detective story”, sometimes without a clear differentiation between the two. In fact, “noir” refers to a recent phase of the “detective, crime novel” (in Italian: “giallo”), its “tougher”, more realistic version, with contexts and situations permeated with a more modern form of violence: sometimes organized, more brutal and more cynical.Today’s “noir” can be traced back to the American “detective story” of the 1930s (that of the “hard boiled” genre) whereas the Italian “noir” finds its roots in the more modern phase of the detective literature (from the 1960s up to now), when the tale of mystery, the criminal novel, evolves in a country which, together with its development, is also developing negative features.This work examines publications that can be defined as representatives of the genres (and sub genres) of the “mystery literature” of the past years, giving an insight into the debate on the difference between the detective and the recently evolved noir literature (and on these two genres in general). It also considers the respective initiatives to publish them , their presence in the cultural pages of newspapers and media, the discussions on the characteristics and the status of the two genres, with hints to works and writers as for example, among the others, Giancarlo De Cataldo, Loriano Macchiavelli, Hans Tuzzi, Cristina Cassar Scalia, Grazia Verasani, Gianrico Carofiglio, Valerio Varesi, Alessandro Robecchi, Nino Motta (Paolo Di Stefano).

La Polonia negli scritti di due autori veneziani: due politiche dell’informazione a confronto

The events in Poland between the years 1763 and 1772 that led to the first partition of the Republic aroused great interest in Europe. The information in question also appeared in the newspaper pages of several Italian states. The theme returned in volumes written by Venetian authors, including Domenico Caminer's Storia della guerra presente tra la Russia e la Porta Ottomana and Istoria delle turbolenze della Polonia dalla morte di Elisabetha Petrowna fino alla pace fra la Russia e la porta Ottomana in cui si trovano tutti gli avvenimenti cagione della rivoluzione di quel regno by Giacomo Casanova. The article aims to highlight the two different models of information used to elaborate on the same historical subject: Caminer's dry style, typical of gazetteers who tend rather to stick to the facts and show great reticence in their comments, and Casanova's polemical and subjective style.

International relations between August and September 1939, reflected in the pages of the Banat newspaper <The West>

International relations between August and September 1939, reflected in the pages of the Banat newspaper <The West>

Introduction

Home ownership—the great Australian dream—seems to be increasingly out of reach for many Australians. Increasing house prices, especially in relation to wages, have long been on the front pages of newspapers and at the centre of policy debates about affordable housing. A host of policy measures—from shared equity schemes over government-backed loan guarantees for selected demographics to tax incentives for rent-to-buy schemes—aim to make it achievable for first-home buyers to purchase a home. And yet, home ownership rates over the life course have consistently dropped for successive generations since the 1970s (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2023). Long-term renting thus becomes a more and more common experience among younger Australians. But can the private rental market offer the security, stability and quality of living space that long-term renters need? If buying affordable housing is out of reach for many, are affordable rental properties available as an alternative? After a drop in rents in the first half of 2020, weekly rents have begun to increase again over the last two years; in particular rents paid by new tenants increased by 14 per cent over the year to February 2023 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2023). This increase far exceeds overall inflation and is at least partially driven by a decrease in household size in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. With vacancy rates also at a historic low (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2023), renters with little protection against eviction or rent increases during a tenancy are left in a very vulnerable position. At the same time, given general increases in the cost of living and stagnant wages, particularly renters in low-income groups have few resources to deal with increasing rents or to compete for a new home in a tight market. Kath Hulse and Zoë Goodall argue that better protection against no grounds eviction, well-designed rent controls and minimum standards for habitability of a property are sorely needed—and their research shows that these do not lead to substantial disinvestment by property owners. Bruce Bradbury reviews the arguments for and against the Commonwealth Rent Assistance, and proposes that the maximum rent assistance payment should increase by a lot more than the most recently announced increase of 15 per cent, to support adequate housing consumption and to reduce the net cost of housing for low-income groups. The articles in this policy forum outline clear steps for reform and contribute important thoughts on a long-term, sustainable private rental sector. I believe our readership will benefit from and enjoythese insightful pieces.

Thematic analysis of national online narratives on regular asymptomatic testing for Covid-19 in schools in England

ObjectiveTo understand the public perceptions of the schools Covid-19 testing programme in England.DesignQualitative social media analysis.SettingOnline users of parenting forums (Mumsnet and Netmums), Facebook newspaper pages and Daily Mail online readers, who responded to posts or articles about the schools testing programme in England, between 1 and 31 March, 2021.ResultsOverall, seven main themes were identified, these were divided into barriers and facilitators to engaging in testing for Covid-19. Barriers were: uncertainty around testing in the absence of symptoms; concerns about testing; implications about testing positive; mistrust in the Government. Facilitators were: desire to protect others; desire to return to normality; and hearing others’ positive experiences.ConclusionsOur analysis highlighted that alongside well-established barriers to engaging in asymptomatic testing, parents were having to negotiate additional complex decisions around balancing their child’s anxiety over testing alongside acknowledgement of the implications of regular testing, such as return to normality and protecting others. Parents and children would benefit from additional practical and social support to facilitate engagement with the schools testing programme.

ACTS AND FORMS OF POPULAR LITERATURE IN BULGARIA FROM THE END OF THE 19TH AND THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

The article examines the manifestations of popular literature in Bulgaria from the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. It offers a commentary on the plots of those writings and some strategies to hold the reader’s attention. The primary focus is on three forms of popular culture: scary stories, fantastic stories, spiritualism, and somnambulism. The opinions of some elite Bulgarian intellectuals about popular literature, expressed in the periodical press, are discussed. The study analyzes the socio-cultural contexts in which popular literature existed in Bulgaria: a constant growth of the literacy level, formation of the elite-mass opposition, the industrialization of culture and literature in particular, and the appearance of popular literature on the pages of major newspapers and magazines. The thesis that is defended is that the popular literature of the period was based on the familiar and formulaic, rather than on creative experiment and innovation and its strategies to attracts its readers were descriptions of the exotic, the mysterious, and the construction of sentimental and melodramatic plots. The elite-mass boundary is problematized, and based on some memoirs, it is concluded that even elite intellectuals such as Simeon Radev and Alexander Balabanov or classics of Bulgarian literature like Ivan Vazov visited the theatrical-carnival manifestations of Bulgarian popular culture. Thus it seems justifiable to claim that the history of any national literature, including the Bulgarian one, would be incomplete if the forms and manifestations of popular literature were ignored.

Women, Abortion Protest, and Visual

With the overturned case of Roe v. Wade, women have taken on a battle of fighting for body rights. After the final decision of the case, relevant reports dominated the front pages of newspapers and magazines. This essay aims to explore the relationship between women and visuals in the context of protest, with a specific focus on abortion protest. It adopts the perspective of visual activism and applies image analysis, focusing on a series of photographs and artworks about demonstrations, especially the abortion protest and the movement of Black Lives Matter. It concludes that visual materials could express womens emotions and power and spread them to more people. They promote gender equality, which reflects the positive side of visual activism. However, to some extent, visual materials reinforce gender stereotypes when other social elements are involved, such as racism in the movement of Black Lives Matter.

Жанровая палитра литературных материалов на страницах газеты «Саратовский вестник» 1910-х годов

The article deals with the newspaper genres, used for literary materials in the newspaper “Saratovsky Vestnik” (Saratov Herald) in 1910–1913. This is the time when Saratov’s newspaper culture is taking shape: the structure of the newspaper page, its layout and arrangement of materials, the link between the visual range and the genre palette. The Vestnik features the genres of newspaper advertisement, as well as chronicledocumentary articles. The preference of fact over commentary testifies to the high journalistic culture in the “Saratovsky Vestnik”. The newspaper publishes notes, feuilletons, letters to the editor, reviews. Genres, reflecting the newspaper’s enthusiasm for literature and theatre, are presented abundantly. The deaths of Tolstoy and Chekhov are perceived by the newspapermen as a disaster that has hit the whole Russian social life. As a result, the genre of the passionate obituary is born. The genre diversity of the Vestnik’s literary materials suggests a unified context for the paper provided by the continuity of the authors and the editorial staff. Literary figures and literature often provoke conversation about contemporary life. One of the genre peculiarities that distinguishes the newspaper culture of the “Saratovsky Vestnik” is the way the authors of news lines, feature articles, and reviews of the political life of the city and the province, use literary images, writers’ statements, and aphorisms from works of fiction. It proves not only that the Vestnik’s authors were literary-centric, but also that the newspaper was created for Saratov intelligentsia and people of other walks of life who focused on literature as their main criterion of truth. Readers‘ intentions in the “Saratovsky Vestnik” were a form of popularizing newspaper genres, a way of recognizing them, and of expanding the boundaries of the audience.

The Richmonds, Palestine and the Catholic Press, 1967-80

After retiring from a successful diplomatic career in 1966, Sir John Richmond (1909-90) and his wife Diana (1914-97) settled in Durham, where he had accepted a lectureship in Modern Near East History at the University’s School of Oriental Studies. Following the Six-Day War in June 1967, the Richmonds became increasingly concerned at the suffering of Palestinians living in the occupied territories and the strong media bias prevalent at that time. They were instrumental in founding the Council for the Advancement of Arab-British Understanding (CAABU) and over the next few years devoted themselves to campaigning on behalf of Palestinians. In addition to monitoring and criticising the secular newspapers, the Richmonds—who were both converts to Catholicism—took a close interest in the leading Catholic papers: The Tablet, The Catholic Herald and The Universe. They engaged in extensive correspondence with their editors—both on the newspaper pages and in private—as well as involving a wider circle of influential Catholic writers and clergy. This article, drawing heavily from the Richmond Papers held at Exeter University’s Special Collections, examines the motives and methods of the Richmonds’ campaign, and attempts to assess whether or not their efforts achieved their aim of changing attitudes.