Page References Research Articles

Pengelolaan Cache pada Aplikasi Pencatatan Penjualan Menggunakan Fuzzy Page Replacement Algorithm

The challenges faced in website development are becoming increasingly diverse, particularly in delivering a responsive website that aligns with user preferences. Progressive Web App (PWA) is an advanced web technology that combines the advantages of mobile applications with the ease of access provided by browsers. With features such as offline access and responsiveness across various devices through the utilization of web caching, PWA can offer a better and more interactive user experience. This study aims to develop a sales recording application based on PWA, optimized using an algorithm with a fuzzy approach, namely the Fuzzy Page Replacement Algorithm (FPRA) in cache management. FPRA is applied to enhance cache efficiency through the clustering of pages based on recency, access frequency, and page reference levels using the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm. The research was conducted with a case study on the sales recording application for a fried chicken business, employing the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method for the design and construction of the application. The results indicate that FPRA successfully reduced page load time significantly, achieving up to 37% faster performance based on the average results of five tested scenarios. The implementation of FPRA in the service worker also increased the average performance score of the application by 15 points, from 56 to 71, as evaluated using the Lighthouse testing tool. Thus, the utilization of caching and the application of FPRA in cache management have been proven to enhance application performance.

Abi Jaber Dj., Kudriavtsev A. V. Russian and Arabic Dictionary of Christian and Biblical Vocabulary — :Moscow قاموس روسي – عربي للمصطلحات المسیحیة والكتابیة B. S. G.-Press, 2020

The Russian-Arabic Dictionary of Christian and Biblical vocabulary (over 2200 words and expressions) contains words related to the Christian religion and practice (worship, church vestments, hierarchy, sacraments), as well as theological terms. It also includes the names of Church holidays, the titles of the Books of the Old and New Testaments, a list of personal names of Saints and a list of biblical place names. The Appendix provides the reader with a list of Christian churches and the texts of the main Orthodox prayers in Church Slavonic (in modern Russian transcription) and Arabic. Page references to the publication under review in the text of the review are given in parentheses.

(272–273) Add a new Note to Article 41 and amend Recommendation 41A.2 to clarify what is and what is not allowed as a page reference for a basionym or replaced synonym citation

Confusion surrounds the indication of a page reference required by Art. 41.5 of the Shenzhen Code (Turland & al. in Regnum Veg. 159. 2018) for valid publication of a new combination, name at new rank or replacement name. In recent years there has been a proliferation of online publications that have a diverse array of possible indications of page numbers. This has caused issues for authors of new combinations and replacement names regarding what to cite to allow for valid publication under Art. 41.5. Recently the designation “Epigeneium nageswarayanum” (Agrawala & al. in Mao & Dash, Fl. Pl. India Annot. Checkl. Monocot.: 50. 2020) was published with the basionym citation as: “Dendrobium nageswarayanum Chowlu, Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett. (2020), https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-020-00919-x”. The DOI link in this case refers to the entire article in which the basionym is published, which is coextensive with the protologue of the basionym. However, this citation does not constitute a page reference as required by Art. 41.5; therefore, the new combination is not validly published. Authors may feel forced to use such indications when unpaginated early-view papers are published online. Sometimes PDF documents do not have page numbers included on the pages of the article but, instead, page numbers are automatically generated as part of the electronic PDF format. There are also traditional issues with books in print lacking page numbers. We therefore propose a new Note to make clear what is and what is not allowed as a page reference for a basionym or replaced synonym citation, in line with current practice. This will provide clarity for authors and reduce the number of disagreements among users of a name. “Note 1bis. For publications lacking page numbers, a page reference can be achieved by a clear indication of the page or pages on which the protologue of the basionym or replaced synonym appears by: (a) citing an assumed page number when there is continuous pagination; (b) citing the page number automatically generated within the PDF of an electronic publication; (c) using the words “without page number”, “sine pagina”, “s.p.” or similar; or (d) including any indication that refers to the exact page on which the protologue appears, for example citing the species number, or the words “addition” or “supplement” if indicated as such on the page. The citation of a DOI or URL to the web page on which the electronic paper appears is not sufficient for page indication even if the entire publication is coextensive with the protologue.” “41A.2. In the absence of established tradition, if publications are not paginated, page numbers indicated according to Art. 41 Note 1bis(a), (b), or (c) should be referenced with enclosed in square brackets.”

(225–226) Proposals to more clearly provide the date limitations in Article 41

A taxonomist without much expertise in the Shenzhen Code (Turland & al. in Regnum Veg. 159. 2018) seeking to publish a new combination might assume the most important rule would be set forth in Art. 41.1. In fact, the applicable rule is in Art. 41.5, which is not referenced in Art. 41.1. Because most users have little interest in the pre-1953 rules, Art. 41 should immediately direct the reader to Art. 41.5. “41.1. In order to be validly published, a new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name must be accompanied by a reference to the basionym or replaced synonym. (See Art. 6.10 and 6.11). See Art. 41.5 for such names published on or after 1 January 1953.” Article 41.5 states that “On or after 1 January 1953, a new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name is not validly published” unless there is a full and direct bibliographic reference. As literally written, this would mean that new combinations etc. published before that date without a full and direct bibliographic reference would cease to be validly published on that date. Article 41.6 provides the correct formulation, i.e. “a name published on or after 1 January 1953”. “41.5. On or after 1 January 1953, a A new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name published on or after 1 January 1953 is not validly published unless its basionym or replaced synonym is clearly indicated and a full and direct reference given to its author and place of valid publication, with page or plate reference and date (but see Art. 41.6 and 41.8). In addition On or after 1 January 2007, a new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name published on or after 1 January 2007 is not validly published unless its basionym or replaced synonym is cited.” Conforming changes are needed for Art. 41.3 and 41.8. I thank Nicholas J. Turland and John H. Wiersema for their improvements to this proposal.

Charles S. Peirce: Selected Writings on Semiotics 1894–1912 Edited by Francesco Bellucci

Reviewed by: Charles S. Peirce: Selected Writings on Semiotics 1894–1912 ed. by Francesco Bellucci Cornelis de Waal Edited by Francesco Bellucci Charles S. Peirce: Selected Writings on Semiotics 1894–1912 Berlin: De Gruyter, 2020; no index. With Francesco Bellucci's Charles S. Peirce: Selected Writings on Semiotics 1894–1912 and the Peirceana series, which Bellucci co-edits with Ahti-Veikko Pietarinen, the center of gravity in Peirce studies has dramatically shifted to Europe. The powerhouses of old, such as the Peirce Edition Project at Indiana University and the Institute for Studies in Pragmaticism at Texas Tech University, appear pretty much dead in the water. And this new center of gravity is by no means limited to secondary literature. Bellucci's edition of Peirce's writings on semiotics and Pietarinen's multi-volume Logic of the Future present us with well-thought-out and responsibly edited volumes of primary literature that will leave their mark on Peirce scholarship for decades to come. And there are other volumes on the way. Bellucci's volume spans almost two decades of Peirce's life—a period during which Peirce had retreated to Milford, Pennsylvania, spending most of his time with his pen on paper. The main purpose of Bellucci's volume is to give us better access to material that has not yet been published—material that is, as Bellucci contends, "essential to understand Peirce's views about signs, their classification, and the relations between semiotics and logical inquiry" (p.1). In line with this, Bellucci starts off where the Writings break off. The last volume of the Writings, which appeared well over a decade ago, ends midway 1892, and Bellucci's volume opens with the sixth chapter of Peirce's 1894 logic book How to Reason, "The Essence of Reasoning." Bellucci thereby skips the second chapter of that same logic book, even though it deals directly with the question "What is a Sign?" He does this on the ground that that chapter is already published in the second [End Page 265] volume of The Essential Peirce (p.3). Bellucci's Selected Writings on Semiotics is thus best considered a professional tool aimed at filling gaps in the literature for Peirce scholars who are already familiar with, or knowledgeable of, what is already out there. Making these texts available is especially important since the manuscripts they are based on are not widely accessible and are in various states of disarray. Each text in Bellucci's volume comes with a (sometimes-extensive) editorial note that is largely bibliographical and, like the Writings, explains which manuscript sheets constitute the text by supplementing the Robin Catalogue designation with the page reference system devised by the Institute for Studies in Pragmaticism. The headnote is followed by explanatory annotations, emendations, and alterations, not unlike the system used for the Writings. In this way the reader can easily ascertain where Bellucci made corrections to the original text and what changes Peirce made himself when he was in the process of writing. Putting the apparatus immediately following each text is a much better choice than hiding everything in the back of the volume, as was done in the Writings. Given the nature of this edition, however, it would have been better to have the editorial note precede the text, as is done, for instance in The Essential Peirce, rather than follow it (or use two notes), as that would have made it easier for the reader to position the text within Peirce's oeuvre before beginning to read it (for instance, by reading "What is a Sign?" before starting "The Essence of Reasoning"). Bellucci's Selected Writings on Semiotics includes eighteen selections in total, each of which is described briefly in the volume's Introduction with a rationale for including it. As with the Writings, titles not given by Peirce are printed in italic square brackets. At times a more forceful editorial hand in establishing the titles themselves would have been helpful. Selection 10, for instance, "The Basis of Pragmaticism," suggests that it would include two pieces already found in The Essential Peirce, namely "The Basis of Pragmaticism in Phaneroscopy," and "The Basis of Pragmaticism in the...

Illegibility: Blanchot and Hegel. By William S. Allen

This is the latest in a series of books by William S. Allen devoted wholly or partly to Maurice Blanchot’s work. It begins with a clear statement of its guiding principle: ‘a text that is beyond comprehension offers itself to thought in other ways’ (p. 1). This ‘problematic of illegibility’ arises when thought enquires into its own language, and as such it ‘lies at the heart of a certain response to Hegel, particularly that of Blanchot’, for whom it is literature that provides one such ‘other way’ (p. 2). The loss of finitude that results when thinking ‘seeks to come to terms with itself’ exposes the mind to an experience of death and the infinite that philosophy alone cannot comprehend (p. 2). Through the ‘ineradicable linguistic supplement’ provided by literature, Blanchot turns the ‘syncope of language’ that the experience of illegibility induces in thought into ‘an entirely different form of relation’ (p. 5). Having persuasively established a clear relation between the three terms of his title, however, Allen almost immediately abandons it. A chapter on Michel Foucault, Raymond Roussel, and the Comte de Lautréamont, designed to ‘offset’ Blanchot’s understanding of literature and ‘situate the subsequent analysis’ (pp. 10, 15), is followed by one on Jacques Derrida’s reading of Hegel, which begins by contrasting it unfavourably with Blanchot’s but otherwise says little of note about the latter. Then comes a chapter devoted entirely to Hegel and Aufhebung, in which Blanchot only intermittently appears. In the final third of the book Blanchot and Hegel at last become the focus. By that stage, however, the theme of illegibility — the notion that gives the book its title — has almost disappeared from Allen’s argument, having received only a handful of mentions in what precedes. As a result, although it is invoked once or twice with reference to the neutral, to L’Attente l’oubli (1962), and to Theodor Adorno’s approach to artworks or to the reading of texts, illegibility provides the argument with neither direction nor substance, so that the book often appears aimless and digressive. When he focuses closely on Blanchot’s texts, Allen certainly provides some illuminating insights, for example in what he says about ‘the reflexive point of intelligibility’ with which the indexical marks in L’Attente l’oubli mark the moment of reading (p. 179). Too often, however, the telescope swings round to reveal a remote thinker, engaged in a protracted wrangle with abstruse notions and talking primarily to himself. It is disappointing that there is no bibliography, even though the often lengthy notes contain copious references, and referencing in the main text is sometimes allusive, as if it is assumed that the reader’s knowledge of the material being discussed is identical to the author’s. Moreover, the index is partial and quirky: in one case, the author and the title of a single book are listed separately with the same (incomplete) page references, while numerous other authors appear more often in the text than in the index, or are simply not listed there at all.

Pendampingan Dosen dan Mahasiswa STIBANKS Semester Akhir dalam Sitasi Menggunakan Mendeley

Creating a table of contents, table of tables, list of figures, and bibliography manually will be a hassle for writers, especially when editing of content occurs which has an impact on shifting page numbers, or changes in page format or reference style. This community service is carried out using the service learning method, to add insight to lecturers and final semester students at the Al Ma'soem Islamic Banking College. By providing insight into the technique of creating documents in Microsoft Word so that it can present a table of contents, table list, list of images automatically, Mendeley installation, how to add references to Mendeley, how to cite with Mendeley, automatically present a bibliography, and change the style as needed. With this training, it is hoped that it can add insight to lecturers and students in writing articles or research results correctly and easily in accordance with applicable rules/rules.

The Plays and Poems of Nicholas Rowe. 5 vols. Stephen Bernard, General Editor. Vol. 1: The Early Plays, ed. Rebecca Bullard and John McTague; Vol. 2: The Middle Period Plays, ed. Michael Caines; Vol. 3: The Late Plays, ed. Claudine van Hensbergen; Vol. 4: Poems, ed. Stephen Bernard, and Lucan’s Pharsalia (I–III), ed. Robin Sowerby; Vol. 5: Lucan’s Pharsalia (IV–X)

<i>The Plays and Poems of Nicholas Rowe</i>. 5 vols. Stephen Bernard, General Editor. Vol. 1: <i>The Early Plays</i>, ed. Rebecca Bullard and John McTague; Vol. 2: <i>The Middle Period Plays</i>, ed. Michael Caines; Vol. 3: <i>The Late Plays</i>, ed. Claudine van Hensbergen; Vol. 4: <i>Poems</i>, ed. Stephen Bernard, and <i>Lucan’s Pharsalia</i> (I–III), ed. Robin Sowerby; Vol. 5: <i>Lucan’s Pharsalia</i> (IV–X)

(118) Proposal to amend Article 41.5 and add an Example clarifying requirements for referring to a basionym or replaced synonym

“41.5. On or after 1 January 1953, a new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name is not validly published unless its basionym or replaced synonym is clearly indicated and a full and direct reference given to its author and place of valid publication, with page or plate reference and date (but see Art. 41.6 and 41.8). Valid publication is not achieved by reference to a new combination based on the actual basionym or replaced synonym (but see Art. 41.8), unless that new combination is the illegitimate name being replaced by a replacement name. On or after 1 January 2007, a new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name is not validly published unless its basionym or replaced synonym is cited.” “Ex. 16bis. The intended replacement name “Hemionitis atreyu” was not validly published by Christenhusz (in Christenhusz & al., Global Fl. 4: 10. 2018) because that author made no reference to the replaced synonym, Pteris acrostica Balb. (Elenco: 98. 1801), instead citing “Cheilanthes acrostica Tod., Giorn. Sci. Nat. Econ. Palermo 1: 215. 1866”, which is in fact a new combination, C. acrostica (Balb.) Tod., based on P. acrostica, which Todaro explicitly cited as the basionym.” The proposed amendments to Art. 41 of the Code (Turland & al. in Regnum Veg. 159. 2018) were initiated due to the nomenclatural case of “Hemionitis atreyu” Christenh. proposed as a replacement name (Christenhusz, l.c.). Mosyakin (in Phytotaxa 373: 164–168. 2018) initially considered it not to be a validly published name because Christenhusz did not cite the earliest replaced synonym, Pteris acrostica, and its author and place of valid publication, but cited instead a new combination, Cheilanthes acrostica, based on P. acrostica. Mosyakin (l.c.) also noted that in fact a new combination, H. acrostica (Balb.) Mosyakin (l.c. 2018: 165), not a replacement name, was required. However, in IPNI (https://www.ipni.org; accessed 30 Oct 2018 and 2 Mar 2021) the name Hemionitis atreyu was treated as an illegitimate name: “nom. illeg. nom. superfl., the epithet acrostica was available for use and should have been taken up as H. acrosticha Noronha is a nom. inval. nom. nud.” The following remark was also provided: “Although Christenh. cited a combination and not the earliest homotypic synonym, since it is a replaced synonym (not a basionym) the replacement name is nevertheless validly published” (updated nomenclatural notes made on 2018-10-26 16:25:24.0, by H.L. Lindon, as indicated in IPNI). Indeed, there seems to be no rule in the current Shenzhen Code to preclude a replaced synonym being a new combination. Accordingly, the IPNI interpretation of the situation seems to be correct and therefore Hemionitis atreyu is a validly published but illegitimate name (see a correction by Mosyakin in Phytotaxa 405: 276–277. 2019). If we accept that interpretation, a full and direct reference to any new combination based on the actual replaced synonym (i.e. without a basionym) would be sufficient for valid publication of a replacement name on or after 1 January 1953. Hemionitis atreyu could have been validated by a full and direct reference to any of the new combinations based on Pteris acrostica: Cheilanthes acrostica, Allosorus acrosticus (Balb.) Christenh., Oeosporangium acrosticum (Balb.) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich, etc. (see full synonymy in Mosyakin, l.c. 2018: 165). This interpretation, however, is against what one could presume to be the intent or meaning of Art. 41.5 requiring, for valid publication of a replacement name on or after 1 January 1953, the clear indication of the actual replaced synonym, i.e. either the earliest replaced synonym – but not new combinations based on it (but see Art. 41.8) – or the actual illegitimate name in need of replacement, and a full and direct reference to its author(s) and place of valid publication, by analogy with corresponding requirements for valid publication of a new combination or name at new rank, which requires clear indication of and reference to its basionym, which does not itself have a basionym (see Art. 6.9). It would be only logical to apply the same requirements to new combinations, names at new rank and replacement names. I am grateful to John McNeill (Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K. & Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada) and Kanchi N. Gandhi (Harvard University Herbaria and Library, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A.) for their advice on nomenclatural issues and to Nicholas J. Turland (Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany) and John H. Wiersema (Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.) for their useful comments on the manuscript and many editorial improvements.

Kimiko Does Cancer

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; KIMIKO DOES CANCER is a graphic memoir written by Kimiko Tobimatsu and illustrated by Keet Geniza. The book tells the story of Kimiko’s experience with breast cancer as a young, queer, mixed-race woman. Set in Toronto, Canada, Kimiko Does Cancer seeks to upend the traditional cancer narrative, confronting issues such as dating while in induced menopause, navigating work and treatment, and talking to well- meaning friends, health care professionals, and other cancer survivors.&#x0D; In the interview below, Lisa Folkmarson Käll talks with Kimiko and Keet about their three-year long collaboration on the project, their hopes for it, the importance of representation and the difficulties of dealing with vulnerability.&#x0D; Page references in the text are to Kimiko Tobimatsu and Keet Geniza’s Kimiko Does Cancer: A Graphic Memoir (Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press, 2020).&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

(079) Proposal to convert Recommendation 41A.1 into an Article

Recommendation 41A.1 of the Shenzhen Code (Turland & al. in Regnum Veg. 159. 2018) states that “The full and direct reference to the place of publication of the basionym or replaced synonym should immediately follow a proposed new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name. It should not be provided by mere cross-reference to a bibliography at the end of the publication or to other parts of the same publication, e.g. by use of the abbreviations ‘loc. cit.’ or ‘op. cit.’” However, this Recommendation has not been followed by some authors in their publications owing to strict adherence to the format required by some journals, i.e. “Author(s) (year: page/plate number(s))” with full bibliographic details given in the References section of the paper. This is especially apparent in the journal Phytotaxa, but not in all cases (e.g. Kanokorn & al. in Phytotaxa 162: 120. 2014). Furthermore, there are a few other taxonomic journals such as Blumea and Telopea that follow this format for bibliographic/nomenclatural citation. However, when it comes to new combination, name at new rank or replacement name, a full and direct reference to the place of publication is also given immediately after the basionym or replacement name. As pointed out by Turland (Code Decoded, ed. 2: 39. 2019), we strongly feel that this method of citation is against what the Code recommends, even though it technically complies with what the Code rules. To bring uniformity to such citations, we would like to make Rec. 41A.1 mandatory by upgrading it to an Article by means of an amendment to the existing Art. 41.5, as follows. “41.5. On or after 1 January 1953, a new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name is not validly published unless its basionym or replaced synonym is clearly indicated and a full and direct reference given to its author and place of valid publication, with page or plate reference and date (but see Art. 41.6 and 41.8). On or after 1 January 2007, a new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name is not validly published unless its basionym or replaced synonym is cited. On or after 1 January 2025, a new combination, name at new rank, or replacement name is not validly published unless it is immediately followed by the full and direct reference to the author and place of publication of its basionym or replaced synonym.” We thank the Principal and the Head of the Department of Botany, Madras Christian College (Autonomous), Chennai and the Director, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata for providing facilities. We also thank Dr. John McNeill, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh and Nicholas J. Turland, Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin for their comments.

(045–046) Proposals to convert Article 41 Example 17 to a voted Example and delete Article 41 Example 19

Article 41 Ex. 17 and 19 of the Shenzhen Code (Turland & al. in Regnum Veg. 159. 2018) imply that errors in the citation of the date or place of publication of the basionym do not prevent valid publication of a new combination. Some action is needed to support the correction of incorrect dates. The valid publication of a new combination must state five items: the basionym, its author citation, its place of valid publication, the page or plate reference, and the date (Art. 41.5). Article 41.6 states that errors in the “citation of the basionym or replaced synonym, including incorrect author citation” do not preclude valid publication; it does not mention the place, page/plate or date of publication. There are two arguments that would allow correction of a date. While “citation of the basionym” is widely recognized to mean quoting the basionym, it could be interpreted to include bibliographic references. A second argument is that date errors can be corrected because nothing prohibits their correction. If either is correct, then both incorrect page numbers and places of publication (as long as they do not reference another real work) are correctable. Article 41 Ex. 15 would be wrong because page references would be correctable. As to the latter argument, nothing prohibited the correction of a holotype citation, yet Art. 9.2 was added to support Art. 9 Ex. 3. Therefore, Art. 41 Ex. 17 and 19 appear to be wrong. However, it would be horribly disruptive to not permit correction of incorrect dates given that the actual date of publication for many older works differs from its stated date. Articles 41.5 and 41.6 are presumably “open to divergent interpretation or [do] not adequately cover the matter” (Art. 7 *Ex. 16 footnote); a regular Example, as opposed to a voted Example, does not have the force of a rule in that case. Converting Ex. 17 into a voted Example would have the force of a rule and permit correction of dates. Article 41 Ex. 19 provides that the bibliographic reference to volume 59 of “Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl.” (Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. I. Abtheilung), instead of “Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl.” (Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse) is a correctable error of citation of the journal name. For the reasons noted above, Art. 41.6 does not permit this correction. In addition, Art. 41.7 prohibits correction of a reference made to “any work other than that in which the name was validly published …” except for matters addressed by Art. 41.8. Because the reference cited by the author in Ex. 19 is an actual, different publication (see https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/6888#/summary; https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/39807#/summary), Ex. 19 is incorrect and should be deleted.

The Life of Mark Twain: The Middle Years, 1871–1891

The Life of Mark Twain: The Middle Years, 1871–1891

Cézanne's Parrot by Amy Guglielmo

Reviewed by: Cézanne's Parrot by Amy Guglielmo Elizabeth Bush Guglielmo, Amy Cézanne's Parrot; illus. by Brett Helquist. Putnam, 2020 [40p] Trade ed. ISBN 978-0-525-51508-1 $17.99 E-book ed. ISBN 978-0-525-51509-8 $10.99 Reviewed from galleys Ad 5-8 yrs As nineteenth-century artist Paul Cézanne runs up against critical censure by taste-makers at the Académie des Beaux-Arts and the progressive Impressionist exposition, even his parrot Bisou seems to concur with their dismissal. When Cézanne insists, "'Repeat after me … Cézanne is a great painter!' Bisou opened his beak as if to speak … But he just yawned instead." After rounds of frustration, scads of advice, and years of convincing himself to stick to his own vision, the artist finds success, and Bisou finally confers approbation. The parrot storyline that propels this picture book bio is, according to Guglielmo's concluding notes, based on an observation by a contemporary art critic, with invented dialogue mixed into the text along with credited quotations. It's an amusing concept, but it's not really enough to carry the slight and familiar story. Helquist's oil paintings are calibrated to the light-hearted but ultimately extraneous parrot plot, with the balding, pink-nosed artist looking perpetually grumpy and disappointed, and his critics looking gleefully mean-spirited. End matter includes source notes and a thoughtful recap of the artist's struggle and eventual acclaim; a list of Cézanne's paintings depicted in the book (page reference is made, but the pages themselves are unnumbered) is helpful. There's a missed opportunity, though, to label and/or likewise credit the many paintings in the background of Helquist's scenes, which could help viewers compare Cézanne's paintings with those of his peers. Copyright © 2020 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

National Collegiate Student Loan Trust v. Texas Student Borrower: Brief in Support of Defendant's Appeal from a Default Judgment

Under TRAP 11, a friend-of-the-court brief submitted to a Texas appellate court does not require prior consent of the parties, or leave of court, but it must be in the form of a party’s brief. See Tex. R. App. P. 11 (a) (stating that an amicus curiae brief must comply with the briefing rules for parties). Although compliance with this rule in the Courts of Appeal and in the Texas Supreme Court is shoddy (many amici submit letters), the instant brief endeavors to live up to this format rule to the fullest extent possible. The only missing ingredient are the page references to the Clerk’s Record (CR __), which were not available because the author did not have access to the appellate record prepared and paginated by the Harris County Clerk. The author instead relied on the trial court documents available online from the county clerk’s website, some of which are attached to the appellate brief in the book-marked appendix. The former student - now judgment debtor - proceeds pro se and in forma pauperis. He filed an answer in the court below, but did not participate in the trial, which resulted in the entry of a post-answer default judgment for the Trust. The student loan defendant filed a timely notice of appeal.The court of appeals struck his first attempt at a self-authored brief as non-compliant with the Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure (TRAPs), and set a deadline for an amended brief. The author of the amicus brief is a political scientist. The subject matter of the appellate case, and the evidentiary and legal issues addressed in the amicus brief, are part and parcel of one of the author’s current research interests: Litigation stemming from origination and securitization of private educational loans under the National Collegiate Student Loan Trust moniker, with a focus on cases in Texas trial and appellate courts. Also see the following related papers: Hirczy de Mino, Wolfgang, Private Student Loan Origination in Hindsight: What the Litigation Paper Trail (in PDF) and SEC Filings Can Tell Us About the National Collegiate Student Loan Trust Debacle (April 24, 2018). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3168268 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3168268 Hirczy de Mino, Wolfgang, Houston vs. Indiana in the National Collegiate Trust Liquidation End Game: H-Town Panel of Judges Gives Thumbs-Up to Affidavit of Debt Collector Transworld Systems, Inc. Rejected by Indiana Court of Appeals in Holmes v. National Collegiate as Incompetent. (May 16, 2018). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3179746 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3179746

“Invitation to Learning” Discusses A History of Western Philosophy

russell: the Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies n.s.  (summer ): – The Bertrand Russell Research Centre, McMaster U. issn –; online – Documents “INVITATION TO LEARNING” DISCUSSES A HISTORY OFWESTERN PHILOSOPHY Irwin Edman, Horace M. Kallen and Harold A. Taylor Introduced and transcribed by Lukas Spencer Russell Archives/Russell Research Centre / McMaster U. spencl2@mcmaster.ca ranscribed here is a  rpm vinyl (or possibly shellac) recording of the cbs broadcast of Invitation to Learning on  September . In it Irwin Edman, the chair, and guests Horace M. Kallen and Harold A. Taylor discuss Bertrand Russell’s recently published book, A History of Western Philosophy. The roughly thirty-minute broadcast, which aired on a Sunday from : to : pm, was segmented onto eight “vinyl” sides on four twelve-inch discs. They came with the fourth accrual of the Bertrand Russell Archives to McMaster University Library. “Transcription” holds quite a different meaning for a person who listens to a transcription than for a person who reads one. The image shows the “vinyl” recording in the Russell Archives which cbs may have sent to Russell himself sometime after the broadcast aired, or a friend or secretary may have requested it from the broadcaster. In radio broadcasting terms, a transcription is the product of a transcription disc recorder and is meant for subsidiary radio stations to play on their own airwaves. It was not necessarily meant for commercial use. The transcribing facility allowed the government -run us Armed Forces Network to broadcast domestic T  edman, kallen and taylor c:\users\ken\documents\type\rj   red.docx -- : AM radio shows in the uk and Europe during and after the Second World War. 1 In the image overleaf, the hand-printed “SET A” on the label, suggesting there was more than one set, may pertain to such distribution. In the National Archives of the United States, there are several transcriptions of Invitation to Learning sessions, but Russell seems not to have been a participant in them. Transcribing (into text, now) these Russell appearances on the programme— some dealing with topics not been found anywhere else in his known publications —would extend our understanding of Russell’s views.2 From here onward , “transcription” means speech converted to text. Whenever a speaker in the following discussion quotes A History of Western Philosophy directly, a page reference is noted. If the speaker misquotes Russell or if an extension of a pertinent quotation provides additional context for the discussion, the passage itself is provided. Other relevant publications by Russell are mentioned. Irwin Edman and Horace M. Kallen both published reviews in  of the History; where these reviews relate to their comments in the discussion, quotations are provided. In May  Columbia Broadcasting Systems began broadcasting Invitation to Learning weekly after a year of internal deliberation, successfully impelled by Stringfellow Barr, a cbs adult-education board member.3 The programme was broadcast almost exclusively on Sunday mornings or early afternoons.4 In addition to Barr, whom cbs asked to step down amid the first season, a revolving door of programme chairs presided during Invitation to Learning’s twenty-four-year history; the guests, two for each session, came in through an adjacent turnstile. Among the programme’s earliest regulars was none other than the esteemed educator himself, Bertrand Russell. Appearing on at least a dozen sessions between  and , Russell was among a short list of honoured guests whose own book was the programme’s focus of discussion. Before the session recording began, the chairman and guests convened for about an hour in a separate studio for a preliminary discussion of that session’s book. The only scripted part of the programme, save the announcer’s introductory and concluding statements, came from this pre-discussion huddle: the chair and guests would supply a representative quotation from the text which, of the three provided, the chair would choose whichever he thought was best and invite whoever suggested the quotation to read it aloud at the end of the programme (see Grams’ introduction). Given that Irwin Edman 1 For the technology, see Stirling, Encyclopedia of Radio (), : –, . 2 See Marley Beach, “‘Invitation to Learning’ Sessions”, p.  below. 3 Buffington, “Invitations to Learning” (), p. . 4 Grams, Invitation to Learning (), whose book...

Probabilistic Page Replacement Policy in Buffer Cache Management for Flash-Based Cloud Databases

In the fast evolution of storage systems, the newly emerged flash memory-based Solid State Drives (SSDs) are becoming an important part of the computer storage hierarchy. Amongst the several advantages of flash-based SSDs, high read performance, and low power consumption are of primary importance. Amongst its few disadvantages, its asymmetric I/O latencies for read, write and erase operations are the most crucial for overall performance. In this paper, we proposed two novel probabilistic adaptive algorithms that compute the future probability of reference based on recency, frequency, and periodicity of past page references. The page replacement is performed by considering the probability of reference of cached pages as well as asymmetric read-write-erase properties of flash devices. The experimental results show that our proposed method is successful in minimizing the performance overheads of flash-based systems as well as in maintaining the good hit ratio. The results also justify the utility of a genetic algorithm in maximizing the overall performance gains.

The F Street Mess: How Southern Senators Rewrote the Kansas-Nebraska Act by Alice Elizabeth Malavasic

Reviewed by: The F Street Mess: How Southern Senators Rewrote the Kansas-Nebraska Act by Alice Elizabeth Malavasic Martin H. Quitt (bio) The F Street Mess: How Southern Senators Rewrote the Kansas-Nebraska Act. By Alice Elizabeth Malavasic. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2017. Pp. x, 268. $90.00 cloth; $29.95 paper; $19.99 e-book) As her title suggests, Alice E. Malavasic argues that the F Street Mess, consisting of four senators who lived together from 1847, was primarily responsible for revising the notorious Kansas-Nebraska Act. The clause she credits the quartet with authoring explicitly repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which would have prohibited slavery from all of the Nebraska Territory. In developing her thesis, Malavasic seeks to demonstrate that the "Slave Power thesis" has more credibility than historians have usually accorded it, since they "focused almost exclusively on its use as rhetoric by the Republican Party" (p. 7). Malavasic traces the individual backgrounds of the F Street members—Robert M. T. Hunter of Virginia, James M. Mason of Virginia, Andrew P. Butler of South Carolina, and most importantly, [End Page 392] David R. Atchison of Missouri—before they came together in the Senate to support a proslavery agenda in the territories. After eating together at hotels and boarding houses for half a dozen years, Atchison, Butler, Hunter, and Mason purchased their own home at 361 F Street before the opening of the thirty-third Congress in December 1853. Stephen A. Douglas, chair of the Senate Committee on Territories, pushed for a bill that would organize the Nebraska Territory. Malavasic believes that the F Street Mess was instrumental in forcing Douglas and President Pierce to accept the clause repealing the Missouri compromise. Douglas preferred to leave the language of the bill ambiguous while organizing Nebraska on the principle of self-determination or "popular sovereignty." The influence of the F Street Mess has long been noted, most recently by Rachel A. Shelden in Washington Brotherhood (2013). Shelden attributes a critical role for F Street in the passage of the Nebraska Bill within a broader consideration of living arrangements and social intercourse among Washington players from 1846 to 1860. Malavasic does not draw on Shelden's study but critiques her methodology in a footnote (p. 216). Malavasic's intended contribution is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Mess as a power bloc in the Senate as recognized by contemporaries. A major source for her are Senate debates, which she reviews comprehensively. Unfortunately, she does not provide page references. Consequently, assessing her interpretation of records is difficult, for one has to locate and search individual speeches in the Congressional Globe or in books available on line as well as newspaper articles. Here are three examples of her use of sources. On Sunday, January 22, 1854, President Pierce had a crucial meeting at which he acquiesced in the repeal of the Missouri Compromise. She writes, the New York Herald broke news of the meeting featuring "Atchison, Mason [and] Hunter" (p. 102). The newspaper in fact reported, "Messrs. Atchison, Mason, Hunter, Douglas, Bright, Breckenridge, Phillips, and, perhaps some others. . . ." met with the President. She compresses the names reported in the Herald to give weight to three members. [End Page 393] "The "Mess" had achieved the unthinkable, she exclaims" (p. 111). Earlier, she cites an 1856 speech by William Seward in which he "gave the Slave Power corporeal form," named the four members of the F Street Mess, and, she implies, suggested they had become "the most powerful bloc in the U.S. Senate" (p. 8). Yet I find in Seward's speech no oligarchy of named southern senators. In fact, the only foursome Seward criticizes is Cass, Douglas, Pierce, and Buchanan for doing the bidding of "the slaveholding class." Atchison, Hunter, Butler, and Mason are mentioned to be sure, but individually, each with a different list of senators. Seward does not present them together as a clique—see The Slaveholding Class Dominant in the Republic, Speech of William H. Seward, at Detroit, October 2, 1856 (Washington, D.C. 1857), pp. 6, 8, 9, 13. Similarly, two quick readings of Charles Sumner's "Crime Against Kansas" speech do not confirm...

Survey Inter-Reference Recency Based Page Replacement Policies to Cope with Weak Locality Workloads

Least recently used (LRU) makes bold assumption on recency factor only which made LRU miss behave with weak locality workloads. If the “frequency”, of each page reference is taken into consideration, it will perform better in the case where workload has weak locality. Frequency count leads to serious problem after a long duration of reference stream because it cannot cope with change in locality. Reuse distance or inter reference recency (IRR) of a block is equal to number of distinct pages accessed between recent consecutive or correlated access of that particular block. Many recent variations of LRU use IRR rather than recency such that LRU can be made friendly with weak locality workloads. This papers surveys LRU variants that use IRR to make page replacement decision.

Brentano's Philosophical System: Mind, Being, Value by Uriah Kriegel

Reviewed by: Brentano's Philosophical System: Mind, Being, Value by Uriah Kriegel Susan Krantz Gabriel KRIEGEL, Uriah. Brentano's Philosophical System: Mind, Being, Value. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2018. 308 pp. Cloth, $60.00 Professor Kriegel provides a thorough discussion of the German philosopher Franz Brentano's descriptive psychology, his "reistic" ontology, and his theory of value, all viewed through the prism of contemporary analytic philosophy of mind. He aims to show how Brentano's philosophy is systematic and offers a comprehensive theory of the true, the good, and the beautiful. Such effort as readers less familiar with analytic philosophy of mind may have to put forth is well rewarded by the exploration of a host of important philosophical puzzles and possible solutions to them. The introduction provides interesting biographical information about Brentano (1838–1917) and also gives a clear picture of the purposes and structure of the volume. Part 2 is devoted to Brentano's philosophy of mind, including the nature of consciousness, intentionality, and the modes of conscious intentionality, specifically the three fundamental classes famously proposed by Brentano: presentation, judgment, and phenomena of interest (for example, love, hate, desire, preference, delight). Part 2 explores the nature of judgment and its implications for Brentano's theory of what it means to affirm that something exists, as well as what things may actually be said to exist. Part 3 explores the nature of phenomena of interest, as well as issues about what it means to say that something is good or beautiful, and what goods may be considered intrinsically or instrumentally good. In part 4, Kriegel shows how the three main parts of Brentano's philosophy fit together into a system in which the true, the good, and the beautiful each has its place in harmony with the others. Endnotes for each chapter expand upon the points raised and are very useful and informative. The bibliography is extensive, both as regards Brentano's published and unpublished works and as regards relevant current literature in analytic philosophy. Kriegel also provides page references for both German and English editions (where the latter exist) for every Brentano quotation. Kriegel uses his own English translations, [End Page 387] which depart from the English (and even sometimes from the German) editions. (Page number citations for The Foundation and Construction of Ethics are inaccurate, unfortunately.) Kriegel offers a sympathetic reading of Brentano, including speculation as to why he might have embraced this or that seemingly odd position. In addition, Kriegel explains clearly where he thinks Brentano's view needs supplementation and where he thinks parts of Brentano's view should be excised as implausible and/or unnecessary. Further, he relates and, where appropriate, contrasts Brentano's philosophical moves to positions held today by analytic philosophers, referencing such topics as belief-in, belief-that, direction of fit, foundationalism, phenomenal intentionality, adverbialism, objectual attitude, metaontology, truthmakers, functionalism, and algedonic feelings, among others. In the introduction, Kriegel notes that Brentano scholars may be alarmed by some of his choices, for instance, his preference for "conscious" rather than "mental" (for psychisch), "self-evident" rather than "evident" (for evident), and "with the character of fittingness" rather than "experienced as being correct" (for als richtig characterisiert). In each case, the latter expression has been standard in English editions for decades. Personally, I am inclined to prefer the standard translations as generally taking account not just of the possible meaning of a word or phrase but also of the larger context. Kriegel, though, sees Brentano's psychology as a theory of consciousness such that consciousness is not an entity with properties—nor is mind. This signals a rejection of the purely mental substance whose existence, however, Brentano saw as evident in inner experience. Kriegel passes over Brentano's devotion, not to religion, which Brentano considered a mere surrogate for philosophy, but to natural theology. I doubt, however, that Brentano would regard his philosophical system as complete without his theodicy. Kriegel also makes astonishing claims about Brentano's views. Two of these are that Brentano's ontology is nominalist and that his ethics is consequentialist. In the first case, compare Brentano's rather fierce denouncement of Ockham's nominalism in Geschichte der Mittelalterlichen...