Packaging Strategies Research Articles

Novel pH sensitivity and colorimetry-enhanced anthocyanin indicator films by chondroitin sulfate co-pigmentation for shrimp freshness monitoring

A pH-sensitive food freshness indicator film (PS-CS-BA) was fabricated with potato starch (PS) as film-forming substrate, blueberry anthocyanins (BA) as an indicator, and chondroitin sulfate (CS) as an enhancer. The results exhibited that the presence of CS significantly altered water solubility and improved mechanical properties of films, in particular enhanced pH and ammonia responsiveness. FT-IR and XRD results associated with the enhanced pH sensitivity and colorimetry with the ionic complex between the sulfate group of CS and anthocyanin flavylium ion. When applied in monitoring shrimp freshness at 4 °C, the PS–CS–BA film indicated sensitively with vision recognizable color changes from original pink to light grey and finally to grayish-green, which highly correlated with the deterioration indexes of the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), total viable count (TVC), and pH values of shrimp. The results provided a novel and highly-sensitive intelligent packaging strategy by the co-pigmentation of CS for freshness monitoring.

Information packaging strategies serving the communicative needs of speakers

This paper presents the findings of a study of diverse information packaging strategies employed by speakers of English to better serve their communicative needs in given contexts, based on examples from the British National Corpus (BNC). More precisely, the analysis centres around the information packaging possibilities offered by light verb constructions (LVCs) in comparison to their full verb counterparts. As is conventionally recognised in previous studies, LVCs formally stretch the predicate over a verbal and a nominal element (e.g. to order vs to give an order). It is precisely this fact that makes it possible for speakers to structure their utterances in various ways. Thus, either all participants are overtly realized in the sentence and the communicative focus could be placed on each one of them depending on the context, or some participants are reduced, which is the preferred strategy when their identity is implied, unfamiliar, irrelevant or would rather be concealed.

Strategi Pengemasan Wisata Trekking Di Hutan Pinus Wonoasih, Kabupaten Banyuwangi

The tourism development in Indonesia has increase rapidly,as the statistical data shows that the number of foreign tourist visits Indonesia in June 2018 escalate 15.21 percent compared to June 2017, specifically from 1.14 million visits up to 1.32 million visits. Indonesia are improving their tourism sector, for example the Banyuwangi City. One of the tourist attractions with its natural potential is Wonoasih Pine Forest., lot of activities that can be packaged into tourism attractions.This study used qualitative approach method, qualitative and quantitative data obtained directly by observation, interview and documentation, and data analysis techniques in this study used SWOTanalysis which is a qualitative analysis tool that is done by examining internal and external factors.By using SWOT analysis, four strategies are produced in the packaged of trekking tourism activities, specifically: (1) SO strategy which contains the design of trekking tourism products and opening up jobs, (2) WO strategy which contains institutional development and tourism human resources, (3) ST strategy which contains increased security, enchance accident insurance and regulations on maintaining natural surroundings and cleanliness, and (4) WT strategy which contains market penetration and promotion of trekking tours as well as routine socialization of destination branding.
 Keyword: Packaging Strategy, Trekking, SWOT Analysis, Wonoasih Pine Forest

PENERAPAN DATA MINING UNTUK PEMBUATAN PAKET PROMOSI PENJUALAN MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI FP-TREE DAN TID-LIST

The manual preparation strategy of a promosi package can encounter difficulties in determining the right product to be promosited caused of no sales data analysis and the large size of sales database.The solution to this problem is to apply data mining science to find buying patterns that consumers often make in a collection of sales transactions, so that company can create the right promosi packages to encourage increased sales turnover. The study scanned the sales database obtained from the UCI maching learning repository and intelligent system dataset with 12,224 sales transaction records and 126,898 record of goods sold. Furthermore, the data mining process carries out the process of constructing an FP-Tree tree structure, constructing a conditional FP-Tree and TID List, then extracting a combination of items and calculating support (S), confidence (C) and sorting association rules based on the value of S x C descending, from the highest to the lowest value. The combination of FP-Tree and TID-List algorithms can be used to help formulate promosi package strategies, by analyzing the sales database and finding the most frequently sold combinations of items.

A Packaged and Reusable Hydrogel Strain Sensor with Conformal Adhesion to Skin for Human Motions Monitoring

AbstractFlexible strain sensors based on conductive hydrogels show great potential in wearable devices, electronic skins, and bioelectronics. However, hydrogels inevitably exhibit poor durability for long‐term usage due to the water loss by evaporation. Herein, an external packaging strategy is demonstrated for fabricating sandwich‐like packaged hydrogel strain sensors (PHSSs) through the combination of conductive hydrogel injection and subsequent packaging via a photopolymerization procedure. The as‐prepared PHSS consists of two functional parts, internal hydrogel conducting wires exhibiting excellent linear strain sensing performance as sensing element and an external packaging hydrogel layer with good transparency and conformal adhesion to human skin. Thanks to these intriguing merits, the PHSS possesses the capability to detect both the large‐scale and subtle human motions precisely. Particularly, compared to conventional naked hydrogel strain sensors, the lifespan of PHSS is proved to be remarkably enlarged benefiting from the protective effect of external packaging layer towards the embedded hydrogel sensing element. Besides, the swelling property of external packaging layer even after severe dehydration enables the sensor to be reusable. This work provides a new approach for the fabrication of flexible strain sensors with enhanced lifespan and good reusability.

Marketing Mix, Brand Equity, and Purchase Decisions of Packaged Rice Products

In selling packaged rice products, Perum BULOG needs to implement the right marketing strategy in order to increase the buying interest of prospective consumers. This study aims to analyze factors that affect brand equity and purchasing decisions of packaged rice products. The research design uses a descriptive approach through surveys by disseminating questionnaires online. The research was conducted in September-October 2020 on 270 rice consumers in DKI Jakarta and Bodetabek who were selected using non-probability sampling method through convenience sampling technique. The variables studied in this study were product, price, place, promotion, brand equity, and purchasing decisions. Data analysis method using SEM analysis with Lisrel 8.80 software. The results showed that product, price, place, and promotion had a significant positive influence on brand equity and purchasing decisions. The variables that most influence purchasing decisions are product, place, and brand equity. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that product, place, and brand equity are factors that should be a top priority for manufacturers to make improvements and development. In addition, rice products sold using brands and packaging are more attractive to consumers than rice products sold without brands and packaging. In this regard, in addition to the marketing mix strategy, manufacturers must implement brand and packaging strategies well to improve consumer purchasing decisions on their rice products. Keywords: brand equity, marketing mix, packaged rice products, purchase decisions, SEM

Plastic pollution and packaging: Corporate commitments and actions from the food and beverage sector

Plastic pollution is a pervasive and escalating global environmental problem, named among the most serious environmental issues globally, after climate change. A large percentage of the global plastic waste leakage is estimated to come from Asia, and most of this is from food and drink packaging. As a major user of single-use packaging, the food and beverage sector plays an important role in addressing plastic pollution, yet investigation of the uptake and transition to sustainable packaging by this industry sector remains limited. To contribute to filling this gap, a systematic review of 68 corporate sustainability reports was conducted to examine how major multinational companies in the food and beverage sector are addressing plastic pollution. This study focuses on how these companies address plastic pollution and packaging in their corporate sustainability reports, what sustainable packaging strategies they present, and how the companies address producer responsibility. The results show that the transition to sustainable packaging in the food and beverage sector is slow and inconsistent. Most corporate sustainability reports fail to address plastic pollution. There is a tendency for companies to report on collection and recycling, rather than sustainable packaging solutions aimed at systemic change. Producer responsibility concerning packaging is growing, however, most companies are doing very little to reduce plastic waste especially in regions lacking waste management infrastructure, such as those in emerging economies.

A safe in-home disposal system with every opioid prescription? Food and Drug Administration is considering a potential new Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy that could impact pharmacists

Misuse of prescription opioids contributes to the ongoing crisis of opioid-related overdose and deaths in the United States. The failure of patients and caregivers to safely dispose of unused opioids contributes to the problems. In 2018, Public Law 115-271 provided U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authority to mandate a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) for safe disposal packaging or safe disposal solutions for opioid analgesic medications. FDA has been collaborating with stakeholders to determine whether a new REMS is needed. A new or revised opioid REMS could substantially affect opioid packaging, pharmacist roles and services, and dispensing activities such as education, counseling, and product distribution. The pharmacy profession has provided limited input to FDA regarding a potential new or revised opioid REMS. In this commentary, we aim to (1) provide awareness and raise questions on pertinent issues regarding opioid use and safe home disposal, (2) offer considerations for regulators on needed research in the development and assessment of a new REMS, and (3) highlight actions for pharmacist engagement in patient care services to promote safe use and safe home disposal of opioids. Consideration of a potential mandate regarding enhanced safety packaging or safe disposal solutions for opioids presents opportunities to revisit professional roles and engage proactively with FDA and other stakeholders. We hope this commentary stimulates timely feedback by pharmacy leaders, researchers, and practitioners on whether and how options for safe home disposal of opioids should be included in a REMS in contemplation of potential benefits, unintended consequences, expanded professional roles, timeline, assessment of program effectiveness, and adequate compensation. We support a shared opioid REMS that funds the counseling of patients and caregivers on safe opioid use and safe home opioid disposal options and provides appropriate education and products to facilitate that disposal.

Bahasa Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a broad impact on people's lives, especially the people of Banjarsawah Village, Tegalsiwalan, Leces District, Probolinggo Regency. The majority of people in the village of Banjarsawah Tegalsiwalan, Leces sub-district, make a living as farmers. To fulfill economic needs, the community also utilizes local potential as a secondary source of income to fulfill their household needs. One of them is the manufacture of Abon Tongkol products which is driven by Mrs. Mintowarni as Chair of PKK RW 18 RT 03 Banjarsawah Tegalsiwalan Village, Leces District, Probolinggo Regency by cooperating with Lecturers of the Faculty of Economics, Panca Marga University Probolinggo in creative economic training and marketing strategies for Tongkol Shredded products, from the way of making shredded Cob up to the marketing strategy. This community service activity provides training related to how to process tuna and how to make it as well as packaging and marketing strategies. This shredded tongkol product is expected to be an additional product for processed tuna fish and can increase the income of the community in general and members of PKK RW 18 RT 03 Banjarsawah Village, Tegalsiwalan, Leces District, Probolinggo Regency.

Modeling Supply Chain Resilience in Industrialized Construction: A Hong Kong Case

Given the heightened imperatives for supply chain resilience (SCR) in industrialized construction (IC) in Hong Kong, this study modeled the dynamic impact of supply chain vulnerabilities (SCVs) and supply chain capabilities (SCCs) on IC supply chains. The data collected through expert surveys, interviews, and case studies were analyzed using social network analysis (SNA) and system dynamics modeling (SDM) to develop the research models. Onsite assembly was identified as the most vulnerable supply chain phase, and anticipation as the most influential capability. Further, the use of an interoperable smart software package and other suggested strategies were shown to enhance IC’s resilient capabilities. As key practical contributions, these findings provide evidence-based insights for adopting well-focused performance-enhancing measures to achieve SCR in IC. Moreover, this is the first initiative to explore the potential applications of SDM and SNA to assess IC supply chain dynamics, targeting a goal of enhanced resilience. This study, therefore, contributes substantially to the IC and SCR knowledge domains. Findings should also motivate and provide insights for scholars pursuing similar industry-specific improvements in other jurisdictions.

Kewirausahaan Kelompok Wanita Tani Sebagai Penggerak Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Kampung Eduwisata Hanjeli Desa Waluran Mandiri Kecamatan Waluran Kabupaten Sukabumi

The decrease of the community’s carrying capacity in Waluran Mandiri Village in the utilization of potential land resources has resulted in the change of abandoned agricultural land into illegal mining, which in turn creates negative impact to the environment surrounding it. This sad reality is also saddled with the large number of women who become migrant workers abroad. (baiknya di sini ditambahin satu kalimat yg menjadi penghubung dari masalah ke situasi yg ada, misalnya: However, the village is gifted with an abundance of Job’s tears locally called Hanjeli.) The cultivation of Job’s tears as an effort to empower the community has been initiated with the concept implementation of the Hanjeli Eduwisata Village. The purpose of this study is to describe the process of woman farmer groups’ empowerment in Hanjeli Eduwisata Village, and to analyze the business of hanjeli products carried out through the groups’ entrepreneurial activities. The study used a survey method with purposive sampling of a group of woman farmers located in Hanjeli Eduwisata Village, Waluran Mandiri Village, Sukabumi Regency. The data were then analyzed using descriptive quantitative method by presenting tabulations and diagrams. The results showed that the community empowerment of former migrant workers in Hanjeli Eduwisata Village was pioneered by a woman's farmer group named Mekar Mandiri through an entrepreneurial process. Furthermore, the empowerment activities were carried out in stages, namely: establishing business working groups and entrepreneurship training, forming farmer groups, revitalizing abandoned land, and carrying out entrepreneurship training programs regarding cultivation techniques, product processing as well as marketing of Hanjeli products. Even though the average production of Hanjeli was low due to intercropping and intercropping with huma rice on an average land area of 0.43 ha, Hanjeli farming still provided benefits to Mekar Mandiri woman farming group in two growing seasons per one year. Likewise, the the business of processed Hanjeli products by KWT Mekar Mandiri showed a positive profit margin. To increase the woman farming group’s entrepreneurial efforts in the cultivation and processing of hanjeli, the application of branding, packaging, and marketing strategies for local food products integrated with online media for the promotion of Hanjeli tourism village were introduced.

소셜 미디어 플랫폼에서 FMCG 패키징과 구매 의도의 융합 관계 연구

From the perspective of social media (self-media), this research analyzes the fusion relationship between different dimensions of FMCG packaging design and product purchase intention, and puts forward corresponding views and strategies at the theoretical and application levels. In the social media era, the right of information control, the right of choice, and the right of discourse gradually incline to the public, and the one-way information output in the field of United Media is transforming into the information interaction and multiple control of Focus Media. All brands are using a more flexible way to export brand culture and values. At this point, the field of product packaging is an important export. The role of product packaging has expanded from a static storage carrier to a modern circulation medium, and has become an important channel connecting brands and consumers. Excellent product packaging can not only stimulate consumers to purchase, but also, through the spontaneous sharing of consumers in social media, achieve propagation fission and maximize the promotion of brand communication. In previous studies, few studies have been conducted on product packaging factors and their influencing mechanisms with purchase intention from the perspective of brand communication, therefore further research is needed to enrich theoretical research in this field and optimize product packaging strategies. This paper analyzes and refines the obtained interview data, and obtains four dimensions of FMCG packaging: functionality, sensation, emotionality and topicality, and constructs the model of FMCG packaging’s influence mechanism on purchase intention. Relevant research hypotheses are put forward. Research has found that the functionality, sensation, emotionality, and topicality of FMCG packaging have a significant impact on purchase intention, and topicality has the greatest impact. Topic has become the primary factor influencing consumers’ FMCG purchase intention in the social media era. Combining the research conclusion of this paper with the status quo of enterprise marketing, this paper puts forward corresponding marketing suggestions for the packaging design of the FMCG industry.

Thermal stress reduction strategy for high-temperature power electronics with Ag sintering

Thermal stress caused by the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch of materials is the main failure mechanism in power electronic packaging. High junction temperature (Tj) would induce larger thermal stress and accelerate failing process. In this paper, two packaging strategies to reduce thermal stress of power module for high-temperature operation were presented based on organic-free sintered Ag bonding and wireless packaging structuring: reduce elastic modulus of sintered Ag layer by changing sintering parameters; and reduce the CTE mismatch by changing the ribbon material. Finite-element analysis (FEA) simulations confirmed that these strategies can effectively reduce the maximum and average thermal stress in power electronics packaging. Furthermore, by combining these two strategies, high-temperature power cycling test indicated that the wireless packaging with Cu30Mo70 ribbon and 5 MPa sintering pressure exhibited excellent durability and reliability in the temperature swing at the junction (ΔTj∆Tj) over 150 K.

Overview on Innovative Packaging Methods Aimed to Increase the Shelf-Life of Cook-Chill Foods.

The consumption of meals prepared, packaged, and consumed inside and outside the home is increasing globally. This is a result of rapid changes in lifestyles as well as innovations in advanced food technologies that have enabled the food industry to produce more sustainable and healthy fresh packaged convenience foods. This paper presents an overview of the technologies and compatible packaging systems that are designed to increase the shelf-life of foods prepared by cook–chill technologies. The concept of shelf-life is discussed and techniques to increase the shelf life of products are presented including active packaging strategies.

Thermal Design, Optimization, and Packaging of Planar Magnetic Components

This article is focused on the thermal design and three-dimensional (3-D) package optimization of planar magnetic components (PMCs), including transformers and inductors for application in an electric vehicle composite boost dc-dc converter. Each PMC comprises electrical windings in printed circuit board (PCB) form in combination with a ferrite core. Multiple features of each PMC package are thermally optimized for the proposed device configurations with given core size, core loss distribution, number of turns in the PCB winding, winding copper thickness, and winding loss distribution. These heuristically optimized features include a lower level cold plate structure with a conformal base for enhanced convective heat transfer, an upper level PMC cap structure for doubled-sided cooling through conductive heat flow to the cold plate, the implementation of functionally distributed copper thermal and electrothermal vias in the PCB winding for improved cross-plane thermal conductance, and judicious implementation of select materials at various locations and interfaces within the package. Detailed numerical modeling reveals the combined effect of this 3-D packaging strategy with a 79.3 °C and 48.5 °C maximum temperature reduction in the core and PCB winding, respectively, relative to a baseline device configuration. Select PMC experimental validation confirms the expected thermal performance of an optimized PCB design. The thermal design approach is relevant for a range of high-power-density electronics PMC packaging applications.

Tuning the microstructure and enhancing the mechanical properties of Au-20Sn/Au/Ni(P)/Kovar joint by ultrasonic-assisted soldering method

Improving the reliability of the solder joint has been the recent research focus in the electronic packaging field due to the increasing degree of integration in the electronic devices. During the reflow soldering process, when the local component is heterogeneous, the coarse structure of the solder joint is easy to grow, which deteriorates the performance of the solder joint. In this study, Au-20Sn/Au/Ni(P)/Kovar joints were prepared using ultrasonic-assisted reflow soldering process. Ultrasonication during reflow improved the wettability and shear strength between the Au-20Sn solder and Kovar substrate. The applied ultrasound can break the primary Au 5 Sn grain and refine the eutectic microstructure through acoustic cavitation. Meanwhile, ultrasound induced the formation of a new intermetallic compound (IMC) layer that was identified as Ni 3 P ( ca 120 nm), which inhibited the diffusion of Ni from substrate into the solder matrix. The mechanical properties of Au-20Sn/Au/Ni(P)/Kovar joint treated with 80 W ultrasonic vibration (USV) increased by 46.94% as compared to the control sample. The current study provides a new strategy for high-performance packaging in electronic devices in extreme environments.

Phosphor copper-based flexible high voltage supercapacitors fabricated via laser irradiation and three-dimensional packaging

Supercapacitors (SCs) have garnered increasing attention as an alternative energy storage device but the relatively low potential window and energy density impede their application prospect. Herein, we propose a novel three-dimensional (3D) packaging method for the first time, utilizing high flexible phosphor-copper sheets (PCSs) sprayed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and covered with polyimide (PI) films on their both sides as the serial medium followed by CO 2 laser irradiation to fabricate all-solid-state flexible high voltage supercapacitors (HVSCs). This method achieves double voltage output in the limited PI membrane compared with common 2D encapsulation. As a result, as-obtained HVSCs deliver not only an enhanced mechanical tensile strength up to 18.23 MPa but also the outstanding electrochemical performances, including ultrahigh working voltage window (10 V), high energy density (37.68 μWh/cm 2 ) and power density (3.38 mW/cm 2 ). Owing to the excellent flexibility, the HVSCs can be arbitrarily bent or twisted without obvious attenuation on capacitive property. After 10000 cycles, the capacitance retention of HVSCs still maintains to be 90.2%. This novel 3D packaging strategy may pave the way for developing high-performing SCs with wide operating voltage and high energy density for flexible displays, wearable equipment and integrated electrical devices. • PI films were pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of phosphor copper sheet. • Graphene formation from laser irradiation on PI film surface. • Phosphor copper-based supercapacitor was prepared by a novel 3D packaging method. • HVSCs deliver enhanced tensile strength, high working voltage and energy density.

Functional Materials and Devices for XR (VR/AR/MR) Applications

Functional Materials and Devices for XR (VR/AR/MR) Applications

Virulent Drexlervirial Bacteriophage MSK, Morphological and Genome Resemblance With Rtp Bacteriophage Inhibits the Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Phage-host interactions are likely to have the most critical aspect of phage biology. Phages are the most abundant and ubiquitous infectious acellular entities in the biosphere, where their presence remains elusive. Here, the novel Escherichia coli lytic bacteriophage, named MSK, was isolated from the lysed culture of E. coli C (phix174 host). The genome of phage MSK was sequenced, comprising 45,053 bp with 44.8% G + C composition. In total, 73 open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted, out of which 24 showed a close homology with known functional proteins, including one tRNA-arg; however, the other 49 proteins with no proven function in the genome database were called hypothetical. Electron Microscopy and genome characterization have revealed that MSK phage has a rosette-like tail tip. There were, in total, 46 ORFs which were homologous to the Rtp genome. Among these ORFs, the tail fiber protein with a locus tag of MSK_000019 was homologous to Rtp 43 protein, which determines the host specificity. The other protein, MSK_000046, encodes lipoprotein (cor gene); that protein resembles Rtp 45, responsible for preventing adsorption during cell lysis. Thirteen MSK structural proteins were identified by SDS-PAGE analysis. Out of these, 12 were vital structural proteins, and one was a hypothetical protein. Among these, the protein terminase large (MSK_000072) subunit, which may be involved in DNA packaging and proposed packaging strategy of MSK bacteriophage genome, takes place through headful packaging using the pac-sites. Biosafety assessment of highly stable phage MSK genome analysis has revealed that the phage did not possess virulence genes, which indicates proper phage therapy. MSK phage potentially could be used to inhibit the multidrug-resistant bacteria, including AMP, TCN, and Colistin. Further, a comparative genome and lifestyle study of MSK phage confirmed the highest similarity level (87.18% ANI). These findings suggest it to be a new lytic isolated phage species. Finally, Blast and phylogenetic analysis of the large terminase subunit and tail fiber protein put it in Rtp viruses’ genus of family Drexlerviridae.

Moving Evidence to Action: A Strategy to Support the Implementation of Comprehensive Violence Prevention Efforts.

For public health agencies, the pragmatic need to bring together science and practice to affect public health outcomes manifests in the implementation of prevention strategies with the best available evidence. Knowledge translation makes scientific findings understandable to the knowledge user, often through synthesis of the best available evidence. Implementation science promotes the adoption and integration of evidence through prevention strategies implemented within various contexts. Working together, knowledge translation and implementation science can promote the uptake and advancement of scientific and practice-based evidence for strategies that will have the greatest impact across a variety of contexts. Violence Prevention in Practice (VPP) is an online resource designed to help practitioners select, adapt, implement, and evaluate multiple prevention strategies included in five technical packages developed by Centers for Disease Control's Division of Violence Prevention. A technical package translates the best available evidence into a core set of prevention strategies intended to be broadly implemented. VPP supports communities in using the technical package strategies in combination, drawing on key implementation science principles. In this article, we explain the process for developing VPP and provide a framework that can be used to develop similar guidance in other health promotion areas. The framework explains how both general components, such as selection and adaptation, come together with strategy-specific implementation guidance. Distinct from typical planning models, VPP is not designed as a linear stepwise process, and it allows practitioners to use one or more components alone, as well as helps practitioners link across components as needed.