Packaging Process Research Articles

Impact of immediate release film coating on the disintegration process of tablets

Pharmaceutical tablets are often coated with a layer of polymeric material to protect the drug from environmental degradation, facilitate the packaging process, and enhance patient compliance. However, the detailed effects of such coating layers on drug release are not well understood. To investigate this, flat-faced pure microcrystalline cellulose tablets with a diameter of 13 mm and a thickness between 1.5 mm to 1.6 mm were directly compressed, and a film coating layer with a thickness of 80 μm to 120 μm was applied to one face of these tablets. This tablet geometry and immediate release film coating were chosen as a model system to understand how the film coating interacts with the tablet core. The coating hydration and dissolution process was studied using terahertz pulsed imaging, while optical coherence tomography was used to capture further details on the swelling process of the polymer in the coated tablet. The study investigated the film coating polymer dissolution process and found the gelling of dissolving polymer restricted the capillary liquid transport in the core. These findings can help predict the dissolution of film coating within the typical range of thickness (30 μm to 40 μm) and potentially be extended to understand modified release coating formulations.

Study of Cocoa Powder Production Process and Packaging Technology in UGM Cocoa Teaching and Learning Industry

UGM Cocoa Teaching & Learning Industry (UGM CTLI) is a business unit based on cocoa processing as a learning and industrial pioneer and provides makloon services to produce cocoa products according to SNI standards. One of the processed cocoa products that has the highest product demand is cocoa powder because it has large market potential as a raw material for the food and beverage industry. The quality of cocoa powder can decrease during the processing process, storage process and distribution process, so it is necessary to study the production and packaging processes regarding their function in maintaining product quality from damage. This research was carried out on January 2 - January 31 2024. Data collection methods used included interviews, observation, documentation and literature study. The cocoa powder packaging used is in the form of a sewing bag consisting of kraft paper and HDPE plastic. Based on the results of previous research, the use of HDPE plastic is considered appropriate and able to protect the quality of cocoa powder better than other plastics.

Inovasi Penerapan Teknologi pada Proses Pengolahan Limbah Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Sabun Padatan di Desa Tualang Teungoh Kota Langsa

Community Service Activities (PKM) have been completed to solve community problems through innovation regarding the use of used cooking oil waste as raw material for solid soap. The targets of this service activity are the people of Tualang Teungoh Village, Langsa City, Aceh, especially PKK women. The problem faced by partners is the accumulation of used cooking oil waste that cannot be utilized. Through this service activity, the community will be educated to utilize science and technology to utilize used cooking oil waste as raw material for making multi-purpose solid soap. The series of activities that will be carried out in the Service include several stages, first an initial survey is carried out regarding the problems faced by the village community, next is outreach activities, and then practical training in making multipurpose solid soap, the final stage is monitoring partners in the solid soap packaging process. A product has been obtained in the form of multi-purpose solid soap from used cooking waste which can be used for washing household equipment in everyday life. This product is expected to become one of the local products that has market opportunities thereby increasing the utilization of household waste and improving the economic level of the community.

Effect of flip-chip ball grid array structure on capillary underfill flow

During the capillary underfill (CUF) process in flip-chip packaging, issues like incomplete filling, voids, wire sweeping, and overflow can impact product reliability and the relatively long filling time required. Therefore, finding ways to improve filling efficiency is a critical challenge. Conducting experiments to address these issues can be costly. As a result, the industry often relies on simulation software to simulate the actual manufacturing process, predict potential problems, compare results with experimental data, and analyze ways to improve the process. This approach helps enhance the package yield and further improves production efficiency.This study investigates the capillary underfill (CUF) process through simulation. Firstly, the viscosity and reaction kinetics of the underfill material are measured to establish the necessary data for the simulation. Then, Moldex3D, a mold flow simulation software, is used to create the model, generate the mesh, and perform the process simulation analysis. The effects of material properties and process parameters on the capillary underfill process are considered. The simulation results are compared with experimental data to validate the feasibility of the simulation. Subsequently, different flip-chip package structures and CUF process parameters are analyzed through simulation to explore the impact of these parameters on the flow pattern and filling efficiency of the adhesive material during the filling process.According to the simulation results, the filling speed is faster when the bump pitch and gap height are larger. However, the required filling time still has a considerable relationship with the volume of the filling region. Dispensing from the side with lower bump density can shorten the filling time when the bump distribution is uneven.

Recent progress in the development of coatings for paper food packaging applications

Relevance and aim of the research: Many types of coatings have been developed to meet the demanding needs and properties of paper-based packaging, which is the most widely used sustainable category of food packaging. The purpose of this paper is to list and classify special sustainable coatings, such as bio-based coatings and coatings based on nanomaterials (NPs) that provide barrier, optical, mechanical, anti-microbial and other properties as well as additional functions to the final product for food paper packaging. Methodology and results: The study is an overview of the previously published works on trends and challenges in the development of healthy and eco-friendly for sustainable food paper packaging applications, which are green alternatives to conventional coatings. As known, paper/paperboard packaging, because of its structure made from cellulose fibers, is naturally sensitive to microbial attack due to the poor barrier properties (i.e., hydrophilicity, porosity, low grease resistance, high absorptivity to gases and water vapors). Thus, paper packages must be properly coated to withstand and keep the food safe, preventing temperature, humidity and other factors of the surrounding from affecting the composition of packaged food. However, the current market is based on the application of commonly used coatings, which are typically made from fossil oil or synthetic polymers, waxes and /or fluor-derivatives that improve surface hydrophobicity and barrier properties. Nowadays, the use of these materials is limited because of problems arising from fossil-oil resources, poor recyclability, and environmental issues. Therefore, these coatings must be replaced by new materials, with high biodegradability, recyclability and compostability features. Recent studies are focused on biopolymers including polysaccharides such as chitosan, starch, etc., proteins such as whey, wheat gluten, and zein, polyesters as polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) that are investigated to formulate coatings with barrier properties for food packaging paper. Petroleum-based polymers are commonly used in paper coating. Due to the good affinity with the substrate, they create suitable barriers to gases and aroma and increase the mechanical strength of the paper packaging. Moreover, biopolymer products have been developed as counterparts to smoothly replace petroleum-based polymers., they can be made from natural raw materials and sources, such as vegetal and marine biomass, this way they can be biodegradable, nontoxic. Additionally, they act as a basis for the incorporation of additives with specific functions for coated paper (ie, active-antimicrobial properties). The methods of chemical modification and combination as well as the processing and production of these new coatings for paper packaging are still under investigation. The addition of certain nanoparticles (NPs) such as metals and oxides in biopolymers and green coatings could be advantageous to add value and enhance the processing, performance and functionality of food paper packaging. Conclusions & practical implications: The application of coatings on paperbased food packaging is extensively investigated to replace petrochemical derivatives by choosing environmentally friendly alternatives that come from natural and renewable resources. These options determine the ultimate recyclability, biodegradability and even compostability of the final product. The incorporation of certain nanomaterials in the coatings promises to provide a wide range of enhanced properties and improve barrier characteristics of the paper-based food packaging.

Optimalisasi Biaya Produksi Pengemasan Kopi dengan Metode Liniear Programming Menggunakan Software POM for Windows

PT TRB company which operates in the food and beverage industry is currently making efforts to obtain optimal production results with the aim of obtaining the best profits. The production process analyzed in this process is the main production process, namely the roasting and packing process. For volcanic tiger products, it can be calculated that the time required for the process takes 3 minutes and 2 minutes for the packaging process. For volcanic Komodo products, the roasting process takes 2 minutes. minutes and the packing process takes 4 minutes. The profit obtained by the company in producing volcanic tigers is Rp. 6,000 and a profit of Rp. 8,000 for the production of volcanic Komodo in profits per sachet. The results of calculations using manual methods and using POM for Windows software are the same, namely that 10,800 pcs of volcanic tigers must be produced. and 5400 pcs volcanic Komodo to get a profit of IDR 108,000,00.00

Analysis and assessment of potential risks in the production of enriched sugar

The object of research is the quality indicators of sugar enriched with derivatives of the processing of the fruits of wild plants (viburnum, mountain ash, sea buckthorn, black elder) and potential dangerous factors that may arise during its production. This study is aimed at the analysis and assessment of all risks that arise in the production of sugar enriched with derivatives of processing of wild raw materials. For the production of enriched sugar, pre-cleaned fruits were frozen at a temperature of –18±2 °С, and after defrosting, they were partially dehydrated by the method of osmotic dehydration. For this, a 70 % sugar solution with a temperature of 50±5 °C was used (hydromodule 1). The duration of osmotic dehydration was 1 hour. The derivative product formed as a result of osmotic dehydration of fruits (sugar solution) was used to enrich granulated sugar in the amount of 10 % by mass of sugar. After thorough mixing with the solution, the sugar was dried in a laboratory vacuum dryer and analyzed. Based on the principles of HACCP, a detailed description of the product and its use with a specific purpose has been developed. In particular, the description of all stages of production, from the initial materials to the processing and packaging processes, as well as the definition of all possible dangerous factors that can affect the safety and quality of products. The identification and assessment of all hazardous factors included the analysis of all possible threats to the safety and quality of products at each stage of production. To ensure the quality and safety of enriched sugar obtained from wild raw materials, an assessment of potential dangerous factors at all stages of production was carried out. A HACCP plan has been developed that allows effective management of critical control points and evaluation of the results of this management. This will allow potential manufacturers to produce safe and competitive products of high quality. The practical implementation of these proposals will allow bringing new products to the market - elderberry, sea buckthorn, rowan and viburnum sugar.

Rancang Bangun Alat Pengemas Biji Kopi Otomatis Berbasis Arduino Uno

Before coffee products are marketed, packaging is generally carried out first. Apart from protecting against damage, the packaging also aims to make it easier to carry while traveling. The conventional packaging process is quite time and energy consuming. This results in the packaging process being less efficient. With an automatic packaging system, it is hoped that it will make things easier and save time and energy. Automatic coffee bean packaging tools are built using several electronic devices. Arduino Uno is used as a controller, a load cell sensor to weigh the coffee packaging, a DS18B20 temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the packaging sealer and a proximity sensor to detect plastic packaging. In the actuator section, a servo motor is used to open the coffee bean reservoir valve (hopper tank), a DC motor is used to pull the packaging plastic and a stepper motor is used to press the packaging plastic. The plastic press is equipped with a heating mechanism using nickel wire so that the two layers of plastic can stick together. An LCD module is used to display information on the weight value of the coffee packaging, the temperature value of the sealer and the status of the packaging process. From the test results, it is known that the coffee bean packaging tool is capable of packaging coffee beans automatically. Coffee beans can be packaged in plastic with the weight and length of the packaging according to the design with a success rate of up to 87.5%

Social Disengagement and Psychological Wellbeing of Aging Persons (60 Years and above) in Mezam Division of the Northwest Region of Cameroon

Purpose: This study investigated “Social Disengagement and the Psychological Well-being among Ageing Persons (60 years and above) in Mezam Division, Northwest Region of Cameroon. In the past, care for the elderly was the responsibility of the family and the entire community (respect, care and affection traditionally reserved for them). Today, the elderly face social disengagement, coupled with financial insecurity. The majority of them do not benefit from any pension and for those lucky enough to have one, it is too paltry to allow them to live decently. Hence, this study investigated whether social disengagement affects the psychological well-being of ageing persons. Materials and Methods: The concurrent-nested mixed method research design was used in conducting the study whereby both quantitative and qualitative paradigms were used. A sample of 350 ageing persons was chosen for this study using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data were analysed following a triangulation approach in methodology, analytical process and statistical packages. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyse the data collected from the field. For descriptive statistics, measures of central tendencies such as the mean, measures of dispersion (standard deviation), frequency tables and percentages were used to answer research questions while the point biserial correlation test was used to compare relationships within the variables under investigation at 0.05 probability level. To verify the hypothesis, linear regression analysis was conducted at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings: From the data analysed, it was revealed that social disengagement significantly influenced the psychological wellbeing of ageing persons and accounted for 11.1% of its variance R2 =.111, F (1,328) = 40.966, p < 0.01. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Based on these findings, some recommendations were made as follows; family members, the entire community, civil organisations and welfare services should get more acquainted to the aging by creating channels of interaction with them, respecting them, providing social support to them as well as caring and showing affection to them.

Exergo-economic approach for comprehensive evaluation of the performance of industrial-scale milk and coffee beverage process lines

This study aimed to perform comprehensive analyses of the performance of the industrial-scale production of three different beverages (whole milk, black coffee, and milk coffee) in carton aseptic and glass bottle packaging process lines from raw material to the secondary packed final product by using innovative exergo-economic approach to promote a detailed data for a sustainable, performance-efficient production and economy in beverage industry. System performance efficiencies (energy and exergy) for the whole of production lines and individual processing steps were determined, and the exergo-economic performance of the industrial productions of three different beverages was compared. The maximum overall exergy efficiencies for glass bottle and carton aseptic packaging lines were as 52.57 % and 55.90 %, respectively, in whole milk production whereas the minimum overall exergy efficiencies were for these lines were 47.39 % and 48.67 %, respectively, for milk coffee production. For whole milk, the process steps having the minimum exergy efficiency were the filling step in carton aseptic (23.14 %±1.25) and the seperation step (26.90 %±1.09) in glass bottle packaging lines. For black coffee and milk coffee productions, the process step with the highest improvement potential was the homogenization/deaeration step for both carton aseptic and glass bottle packaging lines. The highest exergy destruction costs were obtained for the milk coffee; 72.52±0.03$/MJ for carton aseptic package and 63.82±1.85$/MJ for glass bottle. The most cost-efficient process was determined to be the black coffee in the carton aseptic packaging line due to the minimum product cost rate (89.71±2.39 $/MJ). It is thought that this study contributes valuable information on the approach of the comparing the performance of different production lines using exergo-economic evaluation.

Distinguishing the Charge Trapping Centers in CaF2-Based 2D Material MOSFETs.

Crystalline calcium fluoride (CaF2) is drawing significant attention due to its great potential of being the gate dielectric of two-dimensional (2D) material MOSFETs. It is deemed to be superior to boron nitride and traditional silicon dioxide (SiO2) because of its larger dielectric constant, wider band gap, and lower defect density. Nevertheless, the CaF2-based MOSFETs fabricated in the experiment still present notable reliability issues, and the underlying reason remains unclear. Here, we studied the various intrinsic defects and adsorbates in CaF2/molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and CaF2/molybdenum disilicon tetranitride (MoSi2N4) interface systems to reveal the most active charge-trapping centers in CaF2-based 2D material MOSFETs. An elaborate Table comparing the importance of different defects in both n-type and p-type devices is provided. Most impressively, the oxygen molecules (O2) adsorbed at the interface or surface, which are inevitable in experiments, are as active as the intrinsic defects in channel materials, and they can even change the MoSi2N4 to p-type spontaneously. These results mean that it is necessary to develop a high-vacuum packaging process, as well as prepare high-quality 2D materials for better device performance.

Peran Mahasiswa Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Pada Kegiatan Asistensi Mengajar Sebagai Alternatif Pengembangan Jiwa Kewirausahaan Siswa Di SMKN 4 Kota Bima

Abstract Teaching Assistance is one of the programs from Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka or known as MBKM. This program was opened with the aim of providing students with the opportunity to learn by developing themselves outside campus through Teaching Assistance in secondary school level education units under the guidance of field supervisors. The methodology for implementing Teaching Assistance carried out by KKN students at the Bima College of Economics at SMKN 4 Bima City is the preparation and implementation method. During the implementation of teaching assistance activities at SMKN 4 Bima City, assistance students have played a role and participated in various programs at the school. In the activity stage, students provide material about entrepreneurship so that students' understanding of entrepreneurship is more open, and this activity is also carried out in practical form, namely school students are taught how to create an innovative product by utilizing local potential, namely marine products. Apart from the product manufacturing process, students are also taught the product packaging process so that the product is suitable for marketing to consumers. Overall, the Teaching Assistance activities carried out by Bima College of Economics KKN students at Bima City Vocational School 4 went well.

Progress in Solvent-Based Recycling of Polymers from Multilayer Packaging.

Conversion of chemical feedstocks derived from fossil fuels to virgin polymer, manufacturing of plastics in coal-dependent economies, and increasing consumption of virgin polymers for plastics packaging contribute significantly to environmental issues and the challenges we face. Nowadays, promoting sustainable development has become the consensus of more and more countries. Among them, the recycling of multilayer packaging is a huge challenge. Due to the complexity of its structure and materials, as well as the limitations of existing recycling frameworks, currently, multilayer packaging cannot be commercially recycled thus resulting in a series of circular economy challenges. It is undeniable that multilayer packaging offers many positive effects on products and consumers, so banning the use of such packaging would be unwise and unrealistic. Developing the appropriate processes to recycle multilayer packaging is the most feasible strategy. In recent years, there have been some studies devoted to the recycling process of multilayer packaging. Many of the processes being developed involve the use of solvents. Based on the recycled products, we categorised these recycling processes as solvent-based recycling, including physical dissolution and chemical depolymerisation. In physical dissolution, there are mainly two approaches named delamination and selective dissolution-precipitation. Focusing on these processes, this paper reviews the solvents developed and used in the last 20 years for the recycling of polymers from multilayer packaging waste and gives a summary of their advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, product quality, ease of processing, and environmental impact. Based on existing research, one could conclude that solvent-based recycling methods have the potential to be commercialised and become part of a standard recycling process for polymer-based multilayer packaging. The combined use of multiple solvent-based recycling processes could be a breakthrough in achieving unified recycling of multilayer packaging with different components.

The Synergy Model of Quality Tools and Methods and Its Influence on Process Performance and Improvement

Implementing quality tools and methods creates a basic foundation for innovations, sustainability, optimization, and competitiveness in the era of Industry 4.0 and Quality 4.0. This paper aimed to investigate the use of quality tools and methods in the 24 divisions of a mother manufacturing company without the influence of external factors such as geographical location (America, Africa, Asia, and Europe). It was important for the mother manufacturing company to implement a uniform process standard for innovation and performance. Research methods focused on using the Kanban card, Ishikawa diagram, affinity diagram, Flowchart, 5S, OPL, layout, and Pareto analysis. It was determined in this research that the synergy (combination) of quality tools and methods in divisions improves the process performance. This hypothesis was confirmed by the results of implementing quality tools in processes within divisions. A top result was the new innovative model of synergy of the quality tools and methods for divisions of the parent company thus filling a gap in the scientific field. This model created the basis for the uniform process standard in all divisions. The results brought improvements in the processes such as material input inspection, spare parts production, production process, and product packaging. This model could be a proactive instrument for process innovation.

Fractures of low-k materials in a RF package with integrated passive device based on TGV

The radio frequency (RF) chips and passive devices integrated on the through-glass-via (TGV) substrate meets the demands of miniaturization, high performance and low losses in the application. The RF chip and integrated passive devices (IPDs) are interconnected electrically by a redistribution layer (RDL) on the TGV substrate with the isolation low-k materials. The low-k materials, however, are susceptible to fracture during the thermal process in packaging due to their weak mechanical properties. In this study, the fractures of the low-k material were studied by experiments and the finite element analysis (FEA) for a RF package with integrated passive device based on TGV. The mechanical properties of the low-k material used in the FEA were tested by fabricating freestanding low-k films using microfabrication techniques. Then the fracture behaviors of the low-k material in the package and its impact factors under thermal loadings were examined. The impact factors, such as the initial defect location, direction and length, were investigated by evaluating the stress intensity factors (SIFs) at the defect tips. The results revealed that the most hazardous location in the low-k material is the region below the micro-joint of RF chip. The vertical defects along thickness in low-k film are more likely to propagate than horizontal ones. The SIF value increases linearly with the defect length both in heating and cooling conditions.

Cu array fabrication: An environmentally sustainable approach through bicontinuous microemulsion differential electrodeposition for advanced power device packaging

BackgroundThe demand for high-power density packaging and integration processes for third-generation semiconductors, like silicon carbide (SiC), necessitates advancements beyond conventional Si-based packaging technologies. Cu-Cu direct bonding emerges as a promising alternative in semiconductor packaging. However, achieving Cu-to-Cu direct bonding with low-temperature, low-pressure, and short-time poses significant challenges. Transient Liquid Phase Bonding (TLP) offers a low-temperature joining solution, but prolonged reflow time hinders its wide applications. MethodsThis study introduces a novel strategy utilizing bicontinuous microemulsion (BME) electrodeposition to fabricate micron-sized Cu arrays, addressing these challenges in achieving Cu bonding. The core of Cu array manufacturing lies in the differential electrodeposition rate of Cu ions in the aqueous and organic phases. This principle is rooted in the excellent conductivity of the aqueous solution compared to the non-conductivity of the organic solution. Significant findingsWe elucidate the growth mechanism and validate a theory for achieving void-free optimal growth of Cu arrays within BME and compared the cross-sectional morphology and fracture modes of TLP solder joints with micron and nano Cu arrays. Furthermore, the ability to recycle the BME soft template aligns with green chemistry principles, offering a sustainable die-attach approach for third-generation semiconductor device packaging.

Word frequency and cognitive effort in turns-at-talk: turn structure affects processing load in natural conversation.

Frequency distributions are known to widely affect psycholinguistic processes. The effects of word frequency in turns-at-talk, the nucleus of social action in conversation, have, by contrast, been largely neglected. This study probes into this gap by applying corpus-linguistic methods on the conversational component of the British National Corpus (BNC) and the Freiburg Multimodal Interaction Corpus (FreMIC). The latter includes continuous pupil size measures of participants of the recorded conversations, allowing for a systematic investigation of patterns in the contained speech and language on the one hand and their relation to concurrent processing costs they may incur in speakers and recipients on the other hand. We test a first hypothesis in this vein, analyzing whether word frequency distributions within turns-at-talk are correlated with interlocutors' processing effort during the production and reception of these turns. Turns are found to generally show a regular distribution pattern of word frequency, with highly frequent words in turn-initial positions, mid-range frequency words in turn-medial positions, and low-frequency words in turn-final positions. Speakers' pupil size is found to tend to increase during the course of a turn at talk, reaching a climax toward the turn end. Notably, the observed decrease in word frequency within turns is inversely correlated with the observed increase in pupil size in speakers, but not in recipients, with steeper decreases in word frequency going along with steeper increases in pupil size in speakers. We discuss the implications of these findings for theories of speech processing, turn structure, and information packaging. Crucially, we propose that the intensification of processing effort in speakers during a turn at talk is owed to an informational climax, which entails a progression from high-frequency, low-information words through intermediate levels to low-frequency, high-information words. At least in English conversation, interlocutors seem to make use of this pattern as one way to achieve efficiency in conversational interaction, creating a regularly recurring distribution of processing load across speaking turns, which aids smooth turn transitions, content prediction, and effective information transfer.

Influence of welding-induced mechanical stress on the electromagnetic properties of magnetic lamination

PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the influence of welding-induced mechanical stress of a magnetic core material on the performance behavior of a permanent magnet excited synchronous machine (PMSM). Welding, interlocking, clinching and the use of adhesives are state-of-the-art packaging technologies used in the manufacturing of electrical machines. However, the packaging processes degrade the electromagnetic properties of the electric steel sheets, thereby decreasing the performance and achievable range of the electric vehicle.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, an approach that maps the local changes in magnetic properties due to welding induced stress with the stress values is developed. The welding process induces internal stress inside the steel sheet due to the diffusion of thermal energy into the sheets. Other effects are the changes in the micro structures of the steel sheets (grain sizes). These induced mechanical stresses lead to significant deterioration of the electromagnetic properties. They also lead to an increase in iron loss attributed to steel lamination.FindingsA low speed (city), a high-speed (highway) and WLTC-c3 driving cycle will be used to analyze the effects of the induced stresses on the machine efficiency at the different operating conditions. A high-speed PMSM with a maximum speed of 26,000 min−1 and maximum torque of 130 Nm is designed for this study.Originality/valueThe value of this study is in the development of a local varying modeling approach that analyses the influence of weld-induced stress on the performance of electrical machines. Its originality is evident in the mapping methodology. This will enable an application dependent improvement possibilities due to the understanding of the impact of weld-induced stress on the electromagnetic properties of weld-packaged core.

Recognition and analysis system of steel stamping character based on machine vision

During the packaging process, it is essential to detect the steel stamping characters inside the box to identify any missing or repeated characters. Currently, manual detection suffers from low efficiency and a high false detection rate. To address these challenges, a steel stamping character recognition and analysis system based on machine vision has been developed. The enhanced YOLOv7 detection method was employed for character identification, complemented by a statistical analysis approach to achieve automated judgment and detection. To address the issue of size disparity between large and small characters, a small size anchor box and a larger detection head were integrated. Furthermore, modifications were made to the output structure of the YOLOv7 prediction network to enhance multi-scale detection capabilities. The inclusion of the location attention convolution module bolstered global feature extraction, thereby enhancing the detection accuracy of similar characters. Moreover, the utilization of a hash table was used to improve the efficiency of mapping steel stamping character recognition sequences. The experimental results demonstrate that the enhanced model achieves an accuracy of 99.83%, with a processing efficiency of 10.5 ms per single frame. These findings align with the performance criteria for automatic recognition and analysis of steel stamping characters.

Preface

Abstract The 3rd International Conference on Innovation in Technology and Management for Sustainable Agroindustry (ITaMSA 2023) is a platform for academics, business actors, policy makers, and other practitioners who are engaged and have a vision to develop sustainable agroindustry. The 3rd ITaMSA is organized by the Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia in collaboration with the Indonesian Agroindustry Association (AGRIN), Indonesia. The mission of AGRIN is to promote agro-industry as a driver of economic growth and equity in the era of globalization, through active participation as mediators, facilitators, and accelerators of sustainable agro-industry development in Indonesia. In line with this mission, AGRIN together with the Department of Agroindustrial Technology of IPB University held the 3rd ITaMSA. The 3rd ITaMSA was held online from 19-20 September 2023. This event was attended by 254 participants and speakers from various countries, namely Indonesia, Australia, Germany, United States, Taiwan, Thailand, Singapore, and Japan, from academia, government, business, and communities. At the 3rd ITaMSA, there were 79 submitted abstracts to present, then 60 papers titles were presented in plenary and parallel sessions. Topics of the papers related to innovative sustainable agro-industrial products, green technology, including process technology and packaging and storage as well as innovative and sustainable agro-industrial business models. Appreciation and thanks are conveyed to the committee from members of AGRIN, faculty members, and educational staff of the Department of Agroindustrial Technology, IPB University for their hard work and contributions to the 3rd ITaMSA. Our appreciation and thanks are also conveyed to all participants, peer reviewers, and speakers for their support and contribution in the 3rd ITaMSA. Our special thanks go to the Directorate of International Programs of IPB University as sponsor of the 3rd ITaMSA 2023. Participants of the 3rd ITaMSA were targeted to be 100 people from various countries. The total participants who attended the conference were 254 people including 11 keynote speakers. Participants of the conference consisted of researchers, lecturers, and students who were engaged in the agro-industry field. Locations of the participants and speakers were Indonesia, Australia, The United States of America, Germany, Taiwan, Singapore, Thailand, and Japan. The participants’ affiliations of 3rd ITaMSA are IPB University, Politeknik Hasnur, Universitas Brawijaya, Muhammadiyah University of Jember, Singaperbangsa University, Sembilanbelas September Kolaka University, Bina Nusantara University, Indraprasta University, Universitas Bina Bangsa Indonesia, Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya University, Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia, Mulawarman University, Universitas Nusa Mandiri, Buana Perjuangan University, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, TT Yuppentek Kota Tangerang, Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya University, Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Ministry of Trade Indonesia, Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development, Indonesian Centre for Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development, Indonesia; The University of Tokyo, Japan; University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA; and Rhein-Waal University, Germany. List of Conference Logo, International Program Committee and Organizing Committee are available in this pdf.