P6 Group Research Articles

Induction of Labour with a Double Balloon Catheter - Comparison of Effectiveness of Six Versus Twelve Hours Insertion Time: a Prospective Case Control Study.

Induction of labour is a common obstetric procedure to initiate or augment contractions when labour is delayed or uncertain. The double balloon catheter is a safe and effective mechanical method for cervical ripening during induction of labour. This study evaluates the effectiveness of reducing double balloon catheter insertion time from 12 to 6 hours. 248 women undergoing induction with a double balloon catheter at term were divided into two groups: catheter placed for 12 hours at 8pm in the first half of 2021 (P12) and catheter placed for 6 hours at 7am in the second half of 2021 (P6). T-tests, chi-squared tests, and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for statistical analysis. Primary and secondary endpoints included induction to delivery interval, prostaglandin to delivery interval, mode of delivery, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. The P6 group had a significantly reduced induction to delivery interval of 558min (P6: 1348min, P12: 1906min, p<0.01, 95% CI: 376-710) within demographically comparable groups. Multiparous women also showed a significant reduction in prostaglandin to delivery interval of 260min (P6: 590min, P12: 850min, p=0.038, 95% CI: 9-299). There were no significant differences in mode of delivery, maternal blood loss, or neonatal outcome. Reducing double balloon catheter placement time from 12 to 6 hours resulted in almost 9 hours less induction to delivery interval without adverse effects on maternal and neonatal outcome.

Antimalarial Activity of Nano Phytomedicine Fraction of Syzygium cumini Fruit in Rodent Malaria

The purpose of this study is to prove the antimalarial activity of nanophytomedicine fraction Syzygium cumini fruit in rodent malaria. Preparation of nanoparticle formulations using ionic gelation. This research used 80 mice divided into 8 groups. K: not infected, K-: infected, P1: infected+chloroquine, P2: infected+fraction, P3, P4, P5, were infected + nanoparticles, and P6 were infected + nanoparticles combined with chloroquine. Mice were infected with red blood cells containing 1x106 in 0.2ml P.berghei. Treatment for 4 days and 24hours post-infection. On the 8th day, post-infection blood and organs were collected. The results showed the body weight of mice showed a decrease except for the P1 and P6 groups. Increased % parasitemia and decreased parasite growth inhibition in group K- compared to P1, P6, and P5. The splenic index of the K group was significantly different from the other groups. The hepatic index of the K group was not significantly different from the P1 and P6 groups, but significantly different from the other groups. The hematological changes of hemoglobin and hematocrit in groups K- and P3 showed a decrease. Leukocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes in all groups were in the normal range. The conclusion is Nanoparticles fraction of Syzygium cumini at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW and combination therapy with chloroquine have better potential as an antimalarial seen from the decreased parasitemia, increased inhibition of parasite growth, increased body weight, splenic index, hepatic index and Hematological changes of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei.

Comparison of Diuretic and Electrolyte Excretory Activity between Compounds of Okra Fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus) and Furosemide

Introduction: Hypertension takes place of being one of the most concerning health issues, leading to increasing rate of death due to its complications. Pharmacological therapy diuretic become one to intervene on hypertension’s pathological sequences through sodium and potassium regulation. Similar diuretic effect can be achieved through fruits and vegetables crop including Okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus). Objective: to investigate the diuretic variance of different part of Okra fruit’s (Abelmoschus esculentus). Methods: In total of 8 groups of male Rattus norvegicus rats are sorted into control and intervention groups. As control, the C- Group (negative control group) was given Na- CMC 0.5% suspension, and C+ Group (positive control group) was given furosemide. The experimental groups P1, P2, and P3 were given Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) whole fruit ethanolic extract; P4, P5, and P6 Group are were given Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seedless fruit ethanolic extract within range concentration of 75-300 mg/kg body weight. Urine volume is measured every hour for 6 hours and the 24th hour. Sodium and potassium measurements are executed towards 24-hour urine accumulation. Results: Single dose administration of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) fruit significantly increase 5th hour urine volume as compared to furosemide (p &lt; 0.001). Whole fruit of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) compared to seedless fruit exhibit no significant increment of urine volume and electrolytes (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) fruit produce similar diuretic effect to furosemide. However, seedless Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) fruit exerts a higher kaliuretic effect compared to whole fruit and furosemide.

Effect of electrical impedance-guided PEEP in reducing pulmonary complications after craniotomy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to explore whether electrical impedance tomography (EIT)-guided individualized positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) can reduce the incidence of pulmonary complications within 1 week following a craniotomy compared with a single PEEP (PEEP = 6 cmH2O) from dura suturing to extubation.MethodsA randomized controlled trial will be conducted at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochou University. Five hundred forty patients undergoing a craniotomy in the supine position will be randomly allocated into the P6 (PEEP = 6 cmH2O) or Pi (individualized PEEP) group. Both groups of patients will receive a lung recruitment maneuver before suturing the dura. Then, the P6 group will receive 6 cmH2O PEEP, and the Pi group will receive EIT-guided individualized PEEP. The incidence and severity score of pulmonary complications within 1 week following surgery, the lung ultrasound score (LUS), regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2), and PaO2/FiO2 before anesthesia (T0), 10 min after extubation (T1), 24 h after extubation (T2), and 72 h after extubation (T3) will be compared between the two groups. The duration of surgery and anesthesia, the level and duration of PEEP during surgery, the volume of liquid intake and output during surgery, and the postoperative ICU and hospital stays will be recorded. The main outcome of this study will be the incidence of pulmonary complications within 1 week after surgery.DiscussionThe purposes of this study are to determine whether EIT-guided individualized PEEP from the beginning of dura suturing to extubation reduces the incidence of pulmonary complications within 1 week after a craniotomy compared with a single constant PEEP and to evaluate the length of ICU and hospital stays. If our results are positive, this study will show that EIT-guided individualized PEEP is better than a single constant PEEP and can further improve the prognosis of neurosurgical patients and reduce hospitalization costs, which will promote the wide application of individualized PEEP in clinical anesthesia.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry CHiCTR2100051200. Registered on 15 September 2021.

P–627 Optimal timing of day 6 blastocyst transfer in artificially prepared frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles

Abstract Study question When is the optimal timing of day 6 (D6) blastocyst transfer between the 6thday (P6)and the 7th(P7) day of progesterone administration in artificially prepared frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET) cycle Summary answer When transferring D6 blastocysts in artificially prepared FET cycles, live birth rate tended to be higher in P6 group than in P7 group. What is known already Blastocyst transfer in FET cycles has increased due to several reasons including convenience for optimization of endometrial synchronization, improvement of laboratory techniques and preimplantation genetic testing. Meanwhile, D6 blastocyst which cryopreserved on day 6 after being developed to the full blastocyst stage, presented lower pregnancy outcomes in FET cycle than D5 blastocysts. However, there have been few studies on the optimal duration of progesterone administration when transferring D6 blastocysts. Study design, size, duration This was a retrospective cohort study including patients who underwent frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer in artificially prepared cycles from January 2000 to May 2020. Patients with D6 blastocyst transfer on the 6th day of progesterone administration were included in D6-P6 group, and patients with D6 blastocyst transfer on the 7th day of progesterone administration were included in D6-P7 group. Participants/materials, setting, methods Increasing dose of estradiol valerate was administered from the 3rd day of menstruation: 4 mg/day for the first four days, 6 mg/day for next four days, and then 8 mg/day until the confirmation of pregnancy. Progesterone was administered from the 14th day of menstruation if the endometrial thickness reached ≥7 mm. The independent t-test or Mann-Whitney test, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis were performed. Main results and the role of chance A total of 50 patients were included, and 13 patients underwent FET on P6 and 37 patients underwent FET on P7. Live birth rate was comparable between the P6 group and the P7 group (18.9% vs. 15.4%, p = 0.775). Live birth rate was higher in the D6-P6 group than in the D6-P7 group after adjusting for age, AMH, endometrial thickness on the starting day of progesterone administration and good embryo rate transferred with statistical significance (OR: 6.716, p = 0.005). Limitations, reasons for caution Limitations of the present study is the retrospective design and the small sample size. Caution is needed in extrapolating results of this study because only intramural and vaginal progesterone supplementations were included in this study. Wider implications of the findings: Even if the duration of blastocyst formation was delayed, frozen-thawed D6 blastocyst may need to be considered for on P6 rather than P7. The difference of live birth rate is not statistically significant. This study should be acknowledged for the underestimation of the difference because of the small sample size. Trial registration number Not applicable

The Effects of Acupressure on Nausea, Vomiting, and Vital Signs in Patients Undergoing Gynecologic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

PurposeThis randomized controlled experimental study was conducted to determine the effect of acupressure on nausea, vomiting, and vital signs in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery. DesignA randomized controlled experimental study. MethodsStudy participants consisted of females aged 18 to 65 years who underwent surgery in the gynecology clinic of the related hospital between October 2016 and March 2017. The sample originally consisted of 111 patients: K-K9 group (n = 39), P6 group (n = 37), and control group (n = 35). The point P6 in both wrists was determined, and the patients in that group wore a wristband 1 hour before the operation. The point K-K9 in both hands was determined, and one Black Pepper Seed was fixed on the point with the help of a plaster almost 1 hour before the operation. Once the wristband and the seed were placed, they remained in place for 24 hours. The control group received routine care, with no application of acupressure devices. FindingsFinal sample number was 103 after six were lost to follow-up. Vital signs of the patients showed a difference between the intervention groups and control group after the surgical procedure. The pulse values varied at statistically significant levels according to groups in the first and second measurements. The respiratory values of the K-K9 and P6 groups were statistically lower than those in the control group in the first, second, fourth, and fifth measurements (P < .05). The first measurement of nausea scores varied statistically according to the groups. The K-K9 group nausea scores were statistically lower than those in the control group (P < .05). At the time of the first measurement, the number of those who retched in the P6 group was statistically higher than those in the K-K9 group (P < .05). ConclusionsWe examined the effect of two types of acupressure in the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours after gynecologic surgeries. Although some findings of ours did not show a statistically significant difference, these alternative therapies showed promise.

Effects of acupressure at the P6 and LI4 points on the anxiety level of soldiers in the Iranian military

IntroductionMilitary service is a stressful environment. Methods to reduce stress may result in the mental health promotion of military forces. There are various methods for relieving anxiety. Acupressure is one...

Effectiveness of P6 Stimulation for Reduction of Nausea and Vomiting During Caesarean Section Under Combined Spinal-Epidural Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Obstetric patients who receive combined spinal-epidural (CSE) anaesthesia for elective caesarean section (CS) frequently experience intraoperative nausea and vomiting (N&V). Prophylactic therapy with antiemetic agents can have multiple adverse effects to the mother and baby. We designed a randomised clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of electrical P6 stimulation for prophylactic N&V treatment for scheduled elective CS performed under CSE anaesthesia. Following the Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent, a total of 180 patients were randomly allocated into three groups: (1) P6 stimulation (via a peripheral nerve stimulator), (2) intravenous (IV) antiemetics (metoclopramide and ondansetron), and (3) control (no IV antiemetic medications and no P6 stimulation), with 60 parturients in each group. Significantly fewer patients experienced intraoperative N&V in the P6 group (nausea 36.7% and vomiting 13.3%) and IV antiemetic group (nausea 23.3% and vomiting 16.7%) than those in the control group (nausea 73.3% and vomiting 45%; p<0.001). In addition, significantly fewer patients required rescue antiemetic medications in the P6 group (35%) and the IV antiemetic group (31.7%) than those in the control group (73.3%; p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the overall anaesthetic care satisfaction reported between the three study groups. Our data suggest that P6 stimulation is as simple and as effective as our routine prophylactic IV antiemetic treatment for prevention of N&V during CS performed under CSE anaesthesia that could be of great interest to patients and obstetric anaesthesiologists who prefer treatments with fewer potential side effects.

Comparative Effects of the Stimulation of BL10, BL11, and GB34 Acupuncture Points with P6 Point using a Low-Level Laser on the Prevention of Vomiting after Strabismus Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: Vomiting is a common act after strabismus surgery. Three points (BL10, BL11, GB34) belong to the eye's energy channels and may be more effective in vomiting after strabismus surgery compared to P6 point. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the effects of stimulation of BL10, BL11, and GB34 acupuncture points with point P6 via the use of a low-level laser in the prevention of vomiting after strabismus surgery. Methods: The present study used a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial design. The participating samples of this study were 63 strabismus surgery candidates with ASA I physical status, aged from 3 to 35 years who admitted to a university-affiliated hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, and were. The patients were randomly divided into three groups (21 patients in each group): Group I (laser acupuncture P6), group II (laser acupuncture BL10, BL11, GB34), and group III (control). Laser stimulation was performed on acupuncture points (P6 & BL10, BL11, GB34) for 60 seconds and 15 minutes before anesthesia induction and 15 minutes after arrival in the PACU. Group III (control) received placebo (laser off) stimulation on sham point. The number of vomits occurred 2, 6, and 24 hours after the surgery was recorded. Results: Significant statistical differences were not observed in the number of vomiting after 6 hours among the three groups (P = 0.01). On the other hand, significant statistical differences were found between P6 point and placebo groups in terms of the mean value of vomiting 2 and 24 hours after the surgery (P = 0.03). However, no significant statistical differences were observed between P6 and BL10 groups at any time of the study. Conclusions: Based on the findings, laser acupuncture of P6 point reduced the incidence of vomiting after strabismus surgery. Also, laser acupuncture of BL10, BL11, and GB34 points showed no significant differences in terms of the incidence of PONV when compared to P6 point. P6 point was the most effective point in controlling the incidence of PONV.

Accuracy analysis of computer assisted navigation for condylectomy via intraoral approach

To explore the application accuracy of virtual preoperative plan after the condylectomy via intraoral approach under computer assisted surgical navigation, and to analyze the location and cause of the surgical deviation to provide reference for the surgical procedure improvement in the future. In the study, 23 cases with condylar hypertrophy (11 with condylar osteochondroma and 12 with condylar benign hypertrophy) in Department of Oral and Maxilloficial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Atomatology from December 2012 to December 2016 were treated by condylectomy via intraoral approach under computer assisted surgical navigation. The patient's spiral CT data were imported into ProPlan software before operation, and the affected mandibular ramus was reconstructed three-dimensionally. The condylar osteotomy line was designed according to the lesion range, and the preoperative design model was generated and introduced into the BrainLab navigation system. Under the guidance of computer navigation, the intraoral approach was used to complete the condylar resection according to the preoperative design of the osteotomy line. Cranial spiral CT of the craniofacial region was taken within one week after operation. three-dimensional reconstruction of the mandibular ramus at the condylectomy side was performed, and the condylar section was divided into six segments (anterolateral, anterior, anteromedial, posteromedial, posterior, and posterolateral) and the corresponding regional measurement points P1 to P6 were defined. Then the preoperative virtual model and the postoperative actual model were matched by Geomagic studio 12.0 to compare the differences and to analyze the accuracy of the operation. All the patients had successfully accomplished the operation and obtained satisfactory results. Postoperative CT showed that the condyle lesion was completely resected, and the condylar osteotomy line was basically consistent with the surgical design. No tumor recurrence or temporomandibular joint ankylosis during the follow-up period. The postoperative accuracy analysis of the condylar resection showed that the confidence intervals measured by the six groups of P1 to P6 were (-2.26 mm, -1.89 mm), (-2.30 mm, -1.45 mm), (-3.37 mm, -2.91 mm), (-2.83 mm, -1.75 mm), (-1.13 mm, 0.99 mm), and(-1.17 mm, 0.17 mm), where P3 group was different from the other 5 groups. There was no significant difference between the P5 and P6 groups and the difference between the other four groups was statistically significant. Under the guidance of computer navigation, the intraoral approach can be performed more accurately. The surgical deviation of each part of the osteotomy surface is mainly due to excessive resection. The anterior medial area of the anterior medial condyle represents the most excessive resection. The posterior and posterior lateral measurement points represent the posterior condylar area. The average deviation is not large, but the fluctuation of the deviation value is larger than that of the other four groups. The accuracy of computer-assisted subtotal resection has yet to be improved.

The Benefits of Ethanolic Extract of Plectranthus amboinicus Lour Spreng on Rats Hematology Profile that Provided with Rhodamine-B

The objective of this study determines the effect of Plectranthus amboinicus L. Spreng ethanol extract on the hematological profile of rats exposed to Rhodamine-B. This study used 40 male rats that divided into eight groups consisted of five rats in each group. Group P0 was given 1% CMC. P1, P2, P3 groups were given 350, 700 and 1050 mg of ethanolic extract of Plectranthus amboinicus L. Spreng (EEP)/kg bw as preventive dose, and P4, P5, P6 groups were given 350, 700 and 1050 mg EEP/kg bw as a curative action, whereas Positive Control (PC) is given 980 mg of Rhodamine-B/kg bw. Preventive treatment was done by giving EEP from the 1st to 42nd day and Rhodamine-B was given from 21st to 42ndday. Whereas in curative treatment is done by inducting Rhodamine-B from the first to the 21st day and followed by EEP from the 22nd until the 42nd day. Parameters being observed were Erythrocyte, Total Leukocyte Count (TLC), Platelet (Plt), Hematocrit (Ht), Hemoglobin (Hb), MCH, MCHC and MCV.The results revealed that Rhodamine-B decreased the erythrocyte level significantly and there was no difference between the prevention and curative treatment. Platelets were decreased significantly in PC treatment but are similar to controls. The treatment in P4 and P5 showed significant increase in platelets level. The total leukocyte increased significantly in P6 treatment. The hematocrit (Ht) profile did not change in all treatments. The hemoglobin profile remains normal, however there was a significant decreased in PC and P6 treatment. MCV and MCH were increased significantly only in PC treatment. There was no difference in MCHC profile in all treatments of EEP and Rhodamine-B.

PENGARUH KITOSAN TERHADAP SITOLOGI GINJAL TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus sp.) JANTAN YANG DIPAPARI PLUMBUM ASETAT

The study aimed to determine the effect of chitosan on  the kidney of rats (Rattus sp.) exposed to lead acetate. Thirty five male animals weighing 250g were divided into 7 groups:  K group as a control (without treatment), P1 received  Pb (40 mg/kg bw as lead acetate),  while P2, P3, and P4, all received Pb (40 mg/kg bw) and chitosan (0,5%, 0,75%, and 1% respectively). P5 group received only chitosan (1%) and P6 group received acetic acid. After 7 weeks of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the kidneys were isolated. Kidney damage was observed with microscopis. Result showed, treatment of Pb (40 mg/kg bw) in male rats caused demage microscopis. Chitosan able to decrease kidney damage resulted from Pb treatment. In conclusion, chotosan has the ability to reduce residue of Pb as well as microstructure damage of rat kidney exposed to Pb.

Reversal of ciprofloxacin‐induced testosterone reduction by probiotic microbes in mouse testes

Ciprofloxacin (CPFX) is a second‐generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat infections of various Gram‐negative organisms. Although CPFX is a highly effective antibiotic, it has been reported to significantly impair both testicular function and structure in rats. Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms to the host, and dietary probiotics may provide an alternative natural approach to the prevention of late‐onset male hypogonadism. However, whether probiotic microbes can reverse CPFX‐induced testosterone reduction has not been reported. In this study, male mice were administered saline for 6 days (Sal6), CPFX for 6 days (A6 group), CPFX for 6 days and then bifidobacteria for the next 6 days (A6+P6 group), CPFX for 6 days and then saline for the next 6 days (A6+Sal6 group). We detected levels of testosterone in the serum, as well as levels of steroidogenic enzymes [cholesterol side‐chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)] in testes, deleted in breast cancer 1 (DBC1), Silent Mating Type Information Regulation 2 Homolog 1 (Sirt1), nuclear factor kappa beta (NF‐κB), and inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in the testes. The results showed that the A6+P6 group had significantly higher serum testosterone levels and steroidogenic enzymes, higher Sirt1 and anti‐inflammatory cytokine expression, and lower NF‐κB, DBC1, inflammatory cytokine expression compared with the A6 and A6+Sal6 groups. The results suggest that probiotic microbes can reverse the reduction of CPFX‐induced testosterone reduction, and these effects may be carried out through the increase of Sirt1 expression which inhibit the NF‐kB inflammatory signaling pathway.

Pengaruh Kitosan Terhadap Kadar Residu Pb Ginjal Tikus Putih (Rattus Sp.) Jantan Yang Dipapari Plumbum Asetat

The study aimed to determine the effect of chitosan on the kidney of rats (Rattus sp.) exposed to lead acetate. Thirty five male animals weighing 250g were divided into 7 groups: K group as a control (without treatment), P1 received Pb (40 mg/kg bw as lead acetate), while P2, P3, and P4, all received Pb (40 mg/kg bw) and chitosan (0,5%, 0,75%, and 1% respectively). P5 group received only chitosan (1%) and P6 group received acetic acid. After 7 weeks of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the kidneys were isolated. Kidney damage was observed with residue of Pb in kidney tissue was evaluated using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotography. Chitosan able to decrease kidney damage resulted from Pb treatment. Residue of Pb in the kidney of rat exposed to Pb acetate was decreased after chitosan treatment. In conclusion, chitosan has the ability to reduce residue of Pb after exposed Pb. The effectiveness of chitosan as a chelating agent for Pb in the organs is important for further investigated. Keywords: Pb, chitosan, kidny, residual Pb,AAS

Effect of hypoxic-ischemic time on reduction of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury by sevoflurane postconditioning in neonatal rats

Objective To evaluate the effect of hypoxic-ischemic time on reduction of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury by sevoflurane postconditioning in neonatal rats. Methods Two hundred and ten 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats (105 male, 105 female), weighing 13-17 g, were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=30 each) using a random number table: sham operation group (group Sham), hypoxia-ischemia group (group HI), and sevoflurane postconditioning at different hypoxic-ischemic time point groups (P0, P3, P6, P12 and P24 groups). Immediately after ligation of the left common carotid artery, and at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after ligation, the rats inhaled the mixed gas containing 2% sevoflurane for 30 min in P0, P3, P6, P12 and P24 groups, respectively.The fatality was recorded within 7 days after establishment of the model.At 7 days after establishment of the model, the rats were sacrificed, the brains were removed, and the right and left cerebral hemispheres were weighed separately, and the left/right cerebral hemisphere weight ratio was calculated.The hippocampal CA1 region and posterior cingulate gyrus were isolated, and the ratio of density of normal neurons in the left to the right was calculated. Results Compared with group Sham, the left cerebral hemisphere weight, left/right cerebral hemisphere weight ratio, and ratio of density of normal neurons were significantly decreased, and the fatality rate was increased in the other six groups (P 0.05). Compared with group P6, the left cerebral hemisphere weight, left/right cerebral hemisphere weight ratio, and ratio of density of normal neurons were significantly increased in P0 and P3 groups (P 0.05). Conclusion Sevoflurane postconditioning performed within 6 h of hypoxia-ischemia can reduce hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, and it provides no cerebral protection if exceeding 12 h. Key words: Time factors; Anesthetics, inhalation; Hypoxia-ischemia, brain; Infant, newborn; Ischemic postconditioning

Possible perspectives of p6 acupressure.

Possible perspectives of p6 acupressure.

Pressure to the p6 acupoint and post-appendectomy pain, nausea, and vomiting: a randomized clinical trial.

The use of acupressure is growing. Several studies have applied pressure to the P6 to reduce postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pain but have reported conflicting results. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pressure to the P6 point on pain, nausea and vomiting after appendectomy. A single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 88 patients after appendectomy. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. After the patients in the intervention group had regained their consciousness, pressure was applied to the P6 acupoint using special Acubands. In the control group, the Acubands were fastened loosely on the patients' wrists. The bracelets were kept for seven hours and pain, nausea, and vomiting were measured hourly. Student's t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze data. All analyses were performed in SPSS11.5. The two groups were not significantly different in terms of age, body mass index, duration of anesthesia, and length of incision. The mean pain intensity in the two groups was not significantly different at different times. Overall, 45.4% of the P6 group and 47.7% of the control group experienced postoperative nausea. The two groups were not significantly different in the mean intensity of nausea at different postoperative hours. In total, 12 patients in the P6 group and 18 in the control group had vomiting Pressure to the P6 did not significantly reduce pain and nausea after appendectomy. However, the incidence of vomiting was less in the P6 group. This method can be used to reduce vomiting after appendectomy. Similar studies are suggested to apply pressure with the onset of pain or nausea and vomiting.

The P6 Group and critical landscape photography in Israel

In the past two decades, landscape photography has become the most common genre of photography in Israel, and part of the comprehensive discourse in Israeli art focusing on questions of landscape-p...

Overproduction, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization of the C-terminal family 65 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM65B) of endoglucanase Cel5A from Eubacterium cellulosolvens.

The rumen anaerobic cellulolytic bacterium Eubacterium cellulosolvens produces a large range of cellulases and hemicellulases responsible for the efficient hydrolysis of plant cell wall polysaccharides. One of these enzymes, endoglucanase Cel5A, comprises a tandemly repeated carbohydrate-binding module (CBM65) fused to a glycoside hydrolase family 5 (Cel5A) catalytic domain, joined by flexible linker sequences. The second carbohydrate-binding module located at the C-terminus side of the endoglucanase (CBM65B) has been co-crystallized with either cellohexaose or xyloglucan heptasaccharide. The crystals belong to the hexagonal space group P6(5) and tetragonal space group P4(3)2(1)2, containing a single molecule in the asymmetric unit. The structures of CBM65B have been solved by molecular replacement.

Stimulation of the P6 Acupuncture Point for Prophylaxis of Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnant Women Submitted to Cesarean Section: A Blinded Clinical Trial

In pregnant women subjected to spinal anesthesia for a Cesarean section, episodes of nausea and vomiting are common both during and following surgery. Acupuncture for the prophylaxis and treatment of these complications has been gaining in popularity due to its low cost, simplicity, absence of side effects and confirmed efficacy. This study investigated the efficacy of stimulating the P6 acupoint in conjunction with the use of dexamethasone as prophylaxis for nausea and vomiting in pregnant women submitted to spinal anesthesia for a Cesarean section. The patients (n = 100) were randomly distributed into two groups. In the first group (n = 50), a site located one centimeter laterally from P6 was stimulated. This is not a true acupuncture point (sham acupuncture). In the second group (n = 50), P6 was stimulated. In both groups, 4 mg of dexamethasone were administered intravenously. A questionnaire was used to obtain information on the occurrence of nausea and vomiting during surgery and in the first 12 hours postpartum. The chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to assess differences between the groups. Age and physical status were similar in both groups. The incidence of nausea during surgery was 32% (n = 16) in the control group and 22% (n = 11) in the P6 group (p > 0.05). In the first 12 hours following surgery, nausea occurred in 16% of the women in the control group (n = 6) and in 4% in the P6 group (n = 4) (p = 0.045). The incidence of vomiting in the control group was 12% (n = 6) during surgery and 10% (n = 5) in the postoperative period compared to 8% (n = 4) and 4% (n = 2), respectively, in the P6 group (p > 0.05). Although these differences were not statistically significant with the exception of the incidence of nausea in the first 12 hours postpartum, a reduction occurred in the incidence of all the outcomes evaluated in the P6 group.