P-toluenesulfonic Acid Research Articles

The Effect of p-Toluenesulfonic Acid and Phosphoric Acid (V) Content on the Heat Resistance and Thermal Properties of Phenol Resin and Phenol-Carbon Composite

This work presents the results of research on the influence of the amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid and phosphoric acid (V) added to the phenol-formaldehyde resin (pH 7.3–7.8) on its thermal properties and on the phenol-formaldehyde-carbon composite produced on its basis. This material undergoes pyrolysis under high temperature. The addition of a catalyst to the phenol-formaldehyde resin affects its curing rate and degree of cross-linking, but how it affects the thermal properties of the resin depending on the temperature is the subject of this work. This article presents the results of thermal tests for phenol-formaldehyde resin and phenol-formaldehyde-carbon composite. It was examined how the content of the catalyst used during the production process affects the individual thermal parameters of the mentioned materials. The results include experimental tests of thermal diffusivity with uncertainty (±3%), specific heat capacity (±2.5%), thermal expansion with resolution 2 nm analyzed in the temperature range −40–115 °C and thermogravimetric TG/DTA analysis with resolution 0.03 µg in the temperature range from room temperature (RT = 23 °C) to 550 °C. Individual thermal tests showed changes in the thermal properties caused by changes in the catalyst content of the tested materials and the influence of the addition of carbon fibers on the properties of the composite compared to the pure phenol-formaldehyde resin. It was found that there is a certain maximum level of catalyst weight fraction at which the greatest decrease in thermal diffusivity occurs. In the case of phenolic-formaldehyde-carbon composite at −40 °C, an increase in catalyst weight fraction from 2 to 4 wt% caused a decrease in thermal diffusivity by 18.2%, and for phenol-formaldehyde resin, it was 2.8% with an increase in catalyst fraction from 4 to 10 wt%.

Green extraction of natural indigoid from Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek using hydrophilic and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent technology

This study focused on the development of an alternative and more environmentally friendly extraction solvent, a deep eutectic system (DES), for extracting indigoid pigments, specifically indigo and indirubin, from Baphicacanthus cusia (BC). BC is recognized in the textile industry as a natural vat dye and in traditional Chinese medicine as "Qing-Dai". It is known for treating inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis. In this study, 46 DES systems were compared with conventional methods. The hydrophobic DES, a terpenoid and fatty acid system comprising thymol:decanoic acid (DES40), and the hydrophilic DES, a choline chloride-based system comprising choline chloride: p-toluenesulfonic acid (DES19), showed significant extraction improvements. DES40 and DES19 achieved approximately 26-fold higher indigo content compared to classical ethanol and outperformed the harsh organic solvent dichloromethane. The green extraction process was optimized using a Box–Behnken design, considering parameters such as temperature, time and co-solvent. DES19 maximized indigo and indirubin content to 270.91±14.38 and 5.70±0.11mg/g, respectively, while DES40 yielded 108.28 ± 3.9 and 0.16 ± 0.00mg/mg/g, respectively. Safety evaluations using a cell-based MTT model with human skin cells in keratinocytes and fibroblasts showed that both DES19 and DES40 were safe at all concentrations tested. These results indicate that a more environmentally friendly solvent technology for the extraction of indigoids from BC using the DES is an efficient and potential application in the textile and pharmaceutical industries.

Facile fractionation of poplar by a novel ternary deep eutectic solvent (DES) for cellulosic ethanol production under mild pretreatment conditions

The efficient fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass using deep eutectic solvent (DES) is emerging as an innovative and eco-friendly approach. In this study, a novel ternary DES composed of triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride (TEBAC), p-toluene sulfonic acid (TsOH), and ethylene glycol (EG) was employed for the pretreatment of poplar wood to enhance cellulosic ethanol production. Key pretreatment parameters, including temperature, DES molar ratios, and reaction time, were systematically optimized. Under optimal conditions (90 ºC, 60 min, TEBAC/TsOH/EG ratio of 1:1.5:3) lignin removal reached 90.64±1.28 % and xylan removal achieved 85.56±1.34 %, significantly improving cellulose digestibility. The improvement might be attributed to the removal of hemicellulose and lignin, which exposed cellulose and enhanced the accessibility of cellulase to cellulose. Additionally, optimized enzymatic hydrolysis yielded a glucose concentration of 65.98±0.97 g/L using an enzyme loading of 15 FPU/g poplar and a solid loading of 13.33 %. Furthermore, during pre-hydrolysis combined with simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (PSSF), an ethanol concentration of 37.58±0.23 g/L was achieved. Overall, this study demonstrates a novel ternary DES pretreatment method that effectively facilitates the fractionation and conversion of woody biomass into cellulosic ethanol.

Development of a New Salt of Piperine with Toluene Sulfonic Acid and Its Anti-Inflammation Effect In Vivo

Development of a New Salt of Piperine with Toluene Sulfonic Acid and Its Anti-Inflammation Effect In Vivo

Steering Acid-Base Site Distribution and Hydrophobicity of Bioresourced Bifunctional Hybrid Materials for Direct Synthesis of γ-Valerolactone from Biomass-Based Furfural.

The direct production of value-added chemicals from biomass via multiple conversion processes with a sole renewable solid catalyst is promising for carbon-neutral development while challenging. Herein, a series of novel bioresourced organic-inorganic hybrid materials were synthesized from bio-based ascorbic acid (Vc), zirconium chloride (ZrCl4) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) through a facile solvothermal process. The as-prepared Zr-Vc-3 catalyst with Vc, ZrCl4, and p-TSA in the 1 : 1:0.5 molar ratio displayed outstanding performance in direct furfural-to-γ-valerolactone (GVL) transformation, giving an ultrahigh GVL yield of 76.2 %, with an ideal activation energy (55.46 kJ mol-1), outperforming state-of-the-art catalysts. The superior performance of Zr-Vc-3 could be ascribed to its good reusability, relatively large pore size, suitable amount of acid-base sites, and good hydrophobicity. Mechanistic studies unveiled that Lewis acid-base sites facilitate the conversion of furfural to furfuryl alcohol and isopropyl levulinate (IPL) to 4-hydroxypentanoate via transfer hydrogenation process, while Brønsted acid sites are instrumental in the ring-opening of furfuryl alcohol to IPL and the lactonization of 4-hydroxypentanoate to GVL, overall contributing to the multi-step conversion of furfural to GVL in a single pot. This work provides a valuable reference for precisely constructing bio-based OIHMs with tailored functionalities for the one-pot valorization of biomass feedstocks via tandem reactions.

Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed, Asymmetric Allenoate Claisen Reaction.

An auxiliary-based protocol is described for an asymmetric allenoate Claisen rearrangement. Silicated tosic acid (10 mol %) was used as an inexpensive, user-friendly catalyst. Stereochemical analysis revealed a preferential attack at the si face of prostereogenic olefin. The amine auxiliary was readily hydrolyzed and can be isolated from the reaction mixture (85-87% recovery). The resulting unsaturated β-keto esters were isolated in ≤99% yield and 98% ee. Diastereoselective examples provided a 96:4 syn:anti ratio of the resulting vicinal stereocenters.

Sustainable synthesis of Di-iso-octyl Maleate using 3-octanol extracted from Peppermint oil

Surfactants are vital in industries such as detergents, textiles, and cosmetics, and their synthesis from renewable or waste-derived feedstocks aligns with sustainability goals. This study explores the valorization of 3-octanol, a byproduct of peppermint oil extraction, into di-isooctyl maleate (DOM), a precursor to di-octyl sulphosuccinate (DOSS), a widely used surfactant. The synthesis of DOM was achieved via esterification of 3-octanol and maleic anhydride in the presence of para-toluene sulphonic acid (PTSA) as a catalyst. Reaction parameters, including catalyst concentration, reaction time, and temperature, were systematically optimized to maximize yield. The highest yield of 96.34% was obtained using 0.4 g of PTSA per 5 g of 3-octanol, with an optimal temperature of 80–85°C and a reaction time of 3 hours. Experimental data showed a decline in yield beyond this catalyst concentration and reaction duration, indicating the importance of precise parameter control. Alternate catalysts such as Amberlite and Indion 130 were tested. This study demonstrates a sustainable and scalable approach to converting waste-derived 3-octanol into value-added surfactants, providing an economically viable solution with minimal equipment and investment requirements.

A Green Chemistry Approach to Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Levulinate

Esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol was investigated using deep eutectic systems based on choline chloride and oxalic or p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalysts under conventional heating and alternative energy inputs, namely microwave, ultrasound, and mechanochemical treatment. The experiments were performed under varying operating conditions such as catalyst type and loading, alcohol to carboxylic acid molar ratio, temperature, or time. The obtained results demonstrate the overall better catalytic performance of the p-toluenesulfonic acid-based deep eutectic mixture in comparison with the oxalic acid-based analogue. The best results: levulinic acid conversion of 76% and 58%, for p-toluenesulfonic and oxalic acid containing deep eutectic systems, respectively, with 100% selectivity for both cases, were achieved for microwave-assisted synthesis with 5 wt.% of catalyst and excess alcohol to acid (molar ratio 5), at 413.15 K and for 10 min. The main advantage of all of the alternative activation methods studied (microwaves, ultrasounds, and ball mill processing) was the significant reduction in the reaction time.

Brønsted Acid Saponin Combined Catalyst (BASapC) for the Synthesis of Diverse 1,1‐Dihomoarylmethane Scaffolds in Aqueous Solution

AbstractThe present study describes the synthesis of various bioactive compounds, including bis‐coumarins, bis‐lawsones, bis‐dimedones, and bis‐indolylmethanes, using a novel catalytic system called “Brønsted acid saponin combined catalyst” (BASapC). The BASapC was formed by combining p‐toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) and saponin in an aqueous medium. The prepared BASapC proved to be effective in facilitating cascade‐type Knoevenagel–Michael addition reactions between various aromatic aldehydes with 4‐hydroxycoumarin, lawsone, dimedone, or indole at 80 °C. In the BASapC system, PTSA acted as a powerful Brønsted acid, activating reactants, whereas saponin served as a natural surfactant, enhancing the solubility of organic compounds in water. This catalytic approach established a straightforwardness and robustness of diversity‐oriented synthesis (DoS), delivering the desired products with good to excellent yields. Additionally, the BASapC exhibited recyclability for at least four cycles without significant loss of activity.

The use of p-toluenesulfonic acid in the removal of biofilm in chronic ulcers

Background: Bacterial biofilms represent a topic of great concern due to their ability to cause chronic, sometimes fatal infections. Considering the prevalence and pathogenicity of biofilms in chronic ulcers, an observational study was designed to evaluate the anti-biofilm capabilities of p-toluenesulfonic acid, using it in the chronic ulcers of patients belonging to the Diabetic Foot clinic. Methods: Preliminary analysis of an observational study on patients attending the diabetic foot clinic with leg ulcers for at least 4 weeks. 17 patients treated with p-toluenesulfonic acid on a weekly basis for a maximum of 16 weeks. The primary outcome was 100% granulation tissue formation at week 16 and 50% reduction in initial chronic ulcer size. Results: The average treatment time was 10 ± 4.8 weeks. 8 patients healed, 7 are undergoing treatment, 1 required reoperation due to post-operative complications and 1 spontaneously dropped out of the study after 6 weeks. In the sample of healed patients, the average treatment time was 10.5 weeks with 100% granulation present at the 6th week. The reduction in the overall size of the ulcer and of the granulation area is not significant in the total sample. The data improves in the sample of healed patients even if it does not reach significance (lesion p-value 0.094, granulation p-value 0.13). Applying the analysis to the delta of the two variables, a measurement of the area that coincides with the margins of the ulcer, a p-value of 0.069 is obtained. The behaviour of the sample does not change when stratified by the dressings applied after treatment with p-toluenesulfonic acid. Conclusions: Treatment with p-toluenesulfonic acid promotes tissue granulation regardless of the type of dressing subsequently applied. The data on the evolution of the size of the lesions were not significant due to the smallness of the sample but in the sample of healed persons, the formation of granulation after an average of 6 applications transforms the "chronic" ulcer into an "active" ulcer, promoting closure within the subsequent 4 weeks. The appearance of granulation confirms healing. Elimination of biofilm with p-toluenesulfonic acid can reduce healing times and the risk of reinfection.

Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Generation by Ni-PN3P Pincer Complexes: Role of Phosphorus Substituents in Tuning the Reactivity.

Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (eHER) is crucial in addressing the growing global energy demand. Although nickel-pincer-based molecular complexes, varying in donor atoms, were studied previously for eHER, the impact of variations in the substituents attached to the donor atoms was not investigated. Herein, three air-stable R1PN3PR2-based NiII-pincer complexes [R1=R2=Ph2 (7); R1=R2=tBu2 (9); R1=tBu2, R2=Ph2 (10)], varying solely in P-substituents, were studied in acetonitrile. While the redox potentials for NiII/I and NiI/0 couples underwent anodic shifts by ~100 mV upon progressively substituting tert-butyl by phenyl groups on each P-atom, the corresponding eHER reactivity with organic acids (acetic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid) of different strengths followed different trends; likely influenced by the pKa of intermediate metal-hydride (M-H) species [pKa(M-H9)>pKa(M-H10)>pKa(M-H7)]. Depending on the acid strength, different oxidation states of the metal were activated to promote eHER. The catalytic rates for 9, 10, and 7 were calculated to be 85 s-1, 77 s-1 and 95 s-1 with Faradaic efficiencies of 88.5±2 %, 66.1±1.4 %, and 91.7±1.5 % respectively, in acetic acid. Electrochemical data supported by theoretical results reinforce a significant electronic influence of the anchoring P-substituents on the activity of these complexes.

Efficient extraction of light-colored lignin from bamboo by p-toluenesulfonic acid assisted tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol aqueous solution

Acidic hydrotropes exhibit effective performance in fractionating the constituents of lignocellulosic biomass owing to their amphiphilic characteristics. However, the requirement for excessively high concentrations may lead to the condensation and aggregation of lignin. In this case, bamboo was extracted with 70 % (w/v) tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) aqueous solution containing 5–20 % (w/v) p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTsOH) at 90–120 °C for 1–4 h. Results indicated that 91 % of lignin was efficiently removed from bamboo, with subsequent recovery of 73.5 % achieved through extraction with 10 % pTsOH at 110 °C for 4 h. Furthermore, the resulting lignin exhibited a relative content of β-O-4 bonds of 64.1 %, displayed a light color (L*: 70.48), boasted a purity of 99.64 %, and possessed a moderate molecular weight. These attributes position it as a valuable candidate in functional material production. The aqueous solution provides an ideal medium for efficient extraction of uncondensed, light-colored lignin, thereby furnishing insights for advancing the utilization.

Efficient catalysis for the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation reaction of 2-adamantone in acidic deep eutectic solvents

A deep eutectic solvent (DES) comprising p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) and polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200) was synthesized and applied to the Baeyer-Villiger (B-V) oxidation reaction of 2-adamantanone, which exhibited good catalytic effect and cyclic stability under relatively mild conditions. It was found that the hydrogen bond of DESs not only governed their physical properties, such as viscosity and electrical conductivity, but also influenced their chemical behavior, including the catalytic effect in B-V oxidation reaction. By adjusting the composition, the hydrogen bond properties can be optimized. This study aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between composition, hydrogen bond strength, and physicochemical properties of DESs, thereby establishing a preliminary theoretical foundation for a comprehensive understanding and construction of DESs systems. This provides a novel and promising environmentally friendly approach for the B-V oxidation reaction.

Synthesis and DFT investigations of novel 13-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-6H,12H-6,12-epiminodibenzo[b,f][1,5]dioxocine derivatives

Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen and oxygen atoms are of great importance and wide applications in the fields of biomedicine and functional materials. In this paper, novel 13-aryl-6H,12H-6,12-epiminodibenzo[b,f][1,5]dioxocines generated from cascade reactions between arylamines and 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde have been explored through both experiments and theoretical calculations. Experimental investigations showed that pyrimidin-2-amine could react with 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde in acetonitrile at 80 °C to afford the desired 13-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-6H,12H-6,12-epiminodibenzo[b,f][1,5]dioxocines with 50 mol % of p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst, but aniline reacted with 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde to generate aldimine instead of the target bridged heterocylic compound. Density functional theory (DFT) computations were conducted to investigate the reaction mechanisms of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde reacting with pyrimidin-2-amine and aniline, respectively. The experimental findings can be reasonably explained by theoretical calculations. Both the experimental explorations and suggested mechanisms indicate that the reactivity of the model reaction is sensitive to the electron density on the amino group of arylamine and the aldehyde group of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, which can be finely tuned with the aromatic ring structure and the substituents on it.

Application of hydrophobic catalyst in formaldehyde-ethylene condensation reaction.

Using hydrophobic aerogel (AGL) as the carrier, the catalyst supported p-toluene sulfonic acid (p-TSA) is synthesized, and the impact of the hydrophobicity of the catalyst on the formaldehyde-ethylene condensation reaction is investigated. Water contact angle, XRD, N2 adsorption/desorption, IR, and thermogravimetric analysis are used to characterize the catalyst. The outcomes demonstrate the ability of p-TSA to be loaded onto the carrier and the strong hydrophobicity of the catalyst when using AGL as the carrier. The elemental analysis results indicate that when AGL is employed as the carrier, the catalyst not only has more active sites than the SiO2-supported catalyst, but can also effectively limit the loss of active sites, reducing the loss rate from 25.82% to 15.03%. The findings demonstrate that 1,3-dioxane (1,3-DX) had a higher selectivity, rising from 16.2% to 33.3% when using AGL as the carrier. It is discovered that 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) can be directly synthesized with a selectivity of up to 80.5% by employing acetic acid as a solvent in place of water.

Hydrogen-Bond-Regulated Mechanochemical Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks: Cocrystal Precursor Strategy for Confined Assembly.

Two-dimensional imine covalent organic frameworks (2D imine-COFs) are crystalline porous materials with broad application prospects. Despite the efforts into their design and synthesis, the mechanisms of their formation are still not fully understood. Herein, a one-pot two-step mechanochemical cocrystal precursor synthetic strategy is developed for efficient construction of 2D imine-COFs. The mechanistic investigation demonstrated that the cocrystal precursors of 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)trianiline (TAPT) and p-toluenesulphonic acid (PTSA) sufficiently regulate the crystalline structure of COF. Evidenced by characterizations and theoretical studies, a helical hydrogen-bond network was constructed by the N-H⋅⋅⋅O supramolecular synthons between amino and sulfonic groups in TAPT-PTSA, demonstrating the role of cocrystals in promoting the organized stacking of interlayer π-π interactions, layer arrangement, and interlayer spacing, thus facilitating the orderly assembly of COFs. Moreover, the protonation degree of TAPT amines, which tuned nucleophilic directionality, enabled the sequential progression of intra- and interlayer imine condensation reactions, inhibiting the formation of amorphous polymers. The transformation from cocrystal precursors to COFs was achieved through comprehensive control of hydrogen bond and covalent bond sites. This work significantly advances the concept of hydrogen-bond-regulated COF assembly and its mechanochemical method in the design and synthesis of 2D imine-COFs, further elucidating the mechanistic aspects of their mechanochemical synthesis.

Hydrogen‐bond‐regulated mechanochemical synthesis of covalent organic frameworks: cocrystal precursor strategy for confined assembly

Two‐dimensional imine covalent organic frameworks (2D imine‐COFs) are crystalline porous materials with broad application prospects. Despite the efforts into their design and synthesis, the mechanisms of their formation are still not fully understood. Herein, a one‐pot two‐step mechanochemical cocrystal precursor synthetic strategy is developed for efficient construction of 2D imine‐COFs. The mechanistic investigation demonstrated that the cocrystal precursors of 4,4',4''‐(1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triyl)trianiline (TAPT) and p‐toluenesulphonic acid (PTSA) sufficiently regulate the crystalline structure of COF. Evidenced by characterizations and theoretical studies, a helical hydrogen‐bond network was constructed by the N‐H···O supramolecular synthons between amine and sulfate in TAPT‐PTSA, demonstrating the role of cocrystals in promoting the organized stacking of interlayer π‐π interactions, layer arrangement, and interlayer spacing, thus facilitating the orderly assembly of COFs. Moreover, the protonation degree of TAPT amines, which tuned nucleophilic directionality, enabled the sequential progression of intra‐ and interlayer imine condensation reactions, inhibiting the formation of amorphous polymers. The transformation from cocrystal precursors to COFs was achieved through comprehensive control of hydrogen bond and covalent bond sites. This work significantly advances the concept of hydrogen‐bond‐regulated COF assembly and its mechanochemical method in the design and synthesis of 2D imine‐COFs, further elucidating the mechanistic aspects of their mechanochemical synthesis.

Solvent- and Catalyst-Controlled Regioselective O- and N-Alkylation of 2-Pyridones by 2H-Azirines.

The synthesis of O-substituted 2-hydroxypyridines and N-substituted 2-pyridones, crucial for many bioactive compounds and drugs, faces challenges due to the tautomeric nature of 2-pyridones, which complicates selective alkylation. Here we developed an efficient method for regioselective O- and N-alkylation of 2-pyridones using Bro̷nsted acid-catalyzed ring opening of 2H-azirines. The process involves triflic acid for O-alkylation and p-toluenesulfonic acid for N-alkylation, achieving high yields under optimized conditions. For O-alkylation, a variety of 2-pyridones and 2H-azirines were used, resulting in significant yields of the desired products. Similarly, for N-alkylation, the optimized conditions produced excellent yields, highlighting the method's versatility. This methodology was further demonstrated through scaled-up syntheses and subsequent transformations, showcasing its practicality for complex molecular architectures. The proposed mechanism involves the protonation of 2H-azirine, followed by a regioselective SN2-type attack and acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, leading to the desired alkylated products. This innovative approach, emphasizing Bro̷nsted acid catalysis and careful control of reaction conditions, represents a significant advancement in the selective alkylation of 2-pyridones, with broad implications for medicinal chemistry.

Unlocking Nature’s Potential: Modelling Acacia melanoxylon as a Renewable Resource for Bio-Oil Production through Thermochemical Liquefaction

This study is focused on the modelling of the production of bio-oil by thermochemical liquefaction. Species Acacia melanoxylon was used as the source of biomass, the standard chemical 2-Ethylhexanol (2-EHEX) was used as solvent, p-Toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA) was used as the catalyst, and acetone was used for the washing process. This procedure consisted of a moderate acid-catalysed liquefaction process and was applied at 3 different temperatures to determine the proper model: 100, 135, and 170 °C, and at 30-, 115-, and 200-min periods with 0.5%, 5.25%, and 10% (m/m) catalyst concentrations of overall mass. Optimized results showed a bio-oil yield of 83.29% and an HHV of 34.31 MJ/kg. A central composite face-centred (CCF) design was applied to the liquefaction reaction optimization. Reaction time, reaction temperature, as well as catalyst concentration, were chosen as independent variables. The resulting model exhibited very good results, with a highly adjusted R-squared (1.000). The liquefied products and biochar samples were characterized by Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also performed. The results show that invasive species such as acacia may have very good potential to generate biofuels and utilize lignocellulosic biomass in different ways. Additionally, using acacia as feedstock for bio-oil liquefaction will allow the valorisation of woody biomass and prevent forest fires as well. Besides, this process may provide a chance to control the invasive species in the forests, reduce the effect of forest fires, and produce bio-oil as a renewable energy.

Development of polyols analogous to neopentyl glycol and trimethylolpropane for the production of oleic acid-based biolubricants

Vegetable oils and animal fats have been known and used as lubricants and fuels since ancient times. However, the chain structure of the triacylglycerols (TAGs) generate limitations that discourage the use of these raw materials as lubricants. As an alternative to improve the physicochemical and thermo-oxidative characteristics of natural oils, the use of polyols without the β-hydrogens in the triacylglycerols structure is an efficient solution for the production of biolubricants. In this context, a series of polyols, analogous to trimethylolpropane (TMP) and neopentyl glycol (NPG) was synthesised and applied in the synthesis of polyol esters based on oleic acid. These esters were prepared by homogeneous catalysis using p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) and are intended for use as biolubricants. The synthesised polyols were characterized by one and two-dimensional NMR. The derived polyol esters were purified and had their structure confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR, infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The polyol esters showed high viscosity index (189 – 222), thermo-oxidative stability (Tonset between 258 and 285 °C), and low melting points (between –19.4 and –47.6 °C). Furthermore, polyol esters showed reduced friction coefficients (0.021 – 0.041) and scar wear diameter on the metallic surface (0.274 – 0.448 mm). In addition to the satisfactory results of thermal stability and lubricity, which suggest the potential of these molecules as lubricants, all molecules were considered environmentally safe when evaluated through the Zebrafish toxicity model.