Oxygen-deficient State Research Articles

Asphyxiophilia in Scandinavia.

Asphyxiophilia, the desire for a state of oxygen deficiency in order to enhance sexual excitement and orgasm, is a very precarious form of sexual gratification. Asphyxiophilia has been difficult to document since it is mostly practiced in secrecy and solitude and is usually not discovered until the practitioner has been found dead. Most of the information about asphyxiophilia is found in police reports and medicolegal investigations by doctors of forensic medicine. Our study is based on information from 18 doctors of forensic medicine in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Six sources indicate similar frequencies (0.5-1 cases per million inhabitants per year) of observed deaths in Scandinavia. Although the frequency of observed deaths is different from the true mortality rate, this study gives a good illustration of the estimated prevalence. This accuracy is enhanced by the length of the observation periods (10-40 years).

A thin-film semiconducting titanium dioxide combined with ferroelectrics for photoassisted water decomposition

A thin-film semiconducting TiO2 was deposited by a reactive-evaporation method on ferroelectric substrates possessing a polarization vector and was examined, after Pt deposition, for water decomposition in the liquid and gas phases by illumination with an Xe lamp. The TiO2 films were in the thickness range 20-200 nm and were obtained in slightly oxygen-deficient states. The ferroelectrics employed were poled single crystals of LiTaO3 with the polarization vector perpendicular to the surface (exposing either a positive or negative polar surface) and a poled single crystal of LiNbO3 with the polarization vector parallel to the surface. For comparison, an -Al2O3 single crystal was also used. The photocatalytic activity differed depending on the substrate. From the TiO2-thickness dependence upon H2 evolution, it is shown that the ferroelectric polarization field, in particular the perpendicular polarization, works to enhance remarkably the photocatalytic activity of the combined semiconducting TiO2 films. The polarization effect is discussed. 20 references, 5 figures, 1 table.

Electrochemical Behavior of the Perovskite‐Type Nd1 − xSrxCoO3 in an Aqueous Alkaline Solution

The compounds , which show high electrical conductivity, are electrochemically reduced in an aqueous alkaline solution to give rise to the oxygen deficient state . The electrochemical redox reactions are reversible in the range . The electrode potentials of in a solution have been measured as a function of δ. From these data and the measurements of potential change in the cathodic processes under constant current density, the oxygen ion diffusion constants have been calculated on the basis of a linear diffusion model of oxygen ions in the crystal, which was theoretically derived. The calculated diffusion constants at 25°C are for and, respectively. These values are very large as compared with ordinary oxides.