Thermal Oxidative Decomposition Research Articles

Enhancing thermal safety of hydrophobic SiO2 aerogels through introducing ammonium polyphosphate intercalated layered double hydroxides

Enhancing the thermal safety of hydrophobic SiO2 aerogels (SAs) is crucial for its practical thermal insulation applications. Here, we explore a facile method to enhance the thermal safety of hydrophobic SAs with the introduction of ammonium polyphosphate intercalated layered double hydroxide (APP-LDH). The obtained results show that as-produced APP-LDH/SA composites maintain excellent fundamental properties, including low density (0.14–0.16 g/cm3), high porosity (92.8–93.5 %), high specific surface area (680.0–762.6 m2/g), and low thermal conductivity (25.3–26.9 mW/m/K). Notably, APP-LDH effectively inhibits the thermal oxidation decomposition of SAs. In comparison to pristine SAs and those modified solely with LDH, the APP-LDH/SA composites exhibit significantly improved thermal stability. The gross calorific value of the APP-LDH/SA-20 % (i.e., containing 20 wt% APP-LDH) decreases by 13.9 % and 5.2 % compared with that of neat SAs and SAs modified solely with 20 wt% LDH, respectively. The improved thermal stability and reduced gross calorific value completely confirm the enhancement of the thermal safety of the APP-LDH/SA composites. This work provides a simple method to improve the thermal safety of hydrophobic SAs, which expands the thermal insulation application scenarios of SAs.

Method of neutralization of nitrogen oxides in area of low-temperature plasma

In the production of 1 ton of oxalic acid, 2000 m3 of gases with an average content of 2–2.5% of nitrogen oxides are emitted into the atmosphere. The existing methods of air purification from nitrous gases have a number of disadvantages and therefore cannot be widely used in industry. Based on theoretical and experimental studies, a new method for the thermal decomposition of nitrogen oxides has been developed, which provides for the sanitary purification of waste gases in the production of oxalic acid, up to the maximum permissible concentrations. The process of thermal decomposition of nitrogen oxides in the temperature range from 500 to approximately 50000С has been studied. To achieve such temperatures, an arc plasma torch with a tungsten cathode and a copper anode was used. The degree of decomposition was determined by measuring the NO concentration at the inlet and outlet by the evacuated flask method. The effects of gaseous (hydrogen, ammonia, methane, natural gas), liquid (kerosene, gasoline, fuel oil), and solid reducing agents (coke, coal, graphite) on the decomposition reaction of nitrogen oxides were also studied.

Kinetic Investigation of the Oxidative Thermal Decomposition of Levonorgestrel

In this study, we have focused on studying the heterogenous degradation kinetics regarding the decomposition of the emergency contraceptive agent levonorgestrel (LNG), which is a second-generation synthetic progestogen that is the active component of the racemic mixture of norgestrel. The degradation processes of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) were compared with the ones obtained from a model system containing the API along with the excipients that are found in a commercialized pharmaceutical formulation in a mass ratio of 1:1 (LNGMIX), in order to observe if the excipients have a stabilizing or destabilizing effect on the degradation of this progestogen. To achieve this, the following investigational methods were used: FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy and thermal analysis (TG/DTG/DSC analysis). For the kinetic analysis, the data obtained from two main decomposition processes observed on the DTG curves were used and processed with a preliminary method, namely ASTM E698, and two isoconversional methods: Friedman and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa. The isoconversional study revealed that the decomposition mechanisms of both LNG and LNGMIX are complex, and the excipients have a stabilizing effect on the decomposition of the API in tablet.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ОГНЕЗАЩИТНЫХ ПРОПИТОЧНЫХ СОСТАВОВ ДЛЯ ДЕРЕВЯННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ

The article considers the results of evaluating the flame retardant effectiveness of various flame retardants by the method of fire exposure according to GOST 53292–2009 and by methods of thermal analysis (thermogravimetry, differential thermogravimetry, derivative thermal analysis). According to the results of fire of surface application of flame retardants from 350 to 550 kg/m2, group I or II of flame retardant
 efficiency is provided (mass loss from 8,67 to 25 %). It is shown that the group of flame-retardant effectiveness does not actually reflect the nature and degree of realization of the mechanism of flame retardant action of flame retardants, their ability to influence the features of thermal transformations of wood. It has been established that the type of flame retardant, its chemical component composition and the mechanism of flame retardant action to varying degrees affect the main stages of thermal oxidative decomposition of wood. The results obtained can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of fire protection in reducing the intensity of the charring process and predicting the intensity of smoldering (flameless) combustion of wood. tests, it was found that with the consumption

A review on biomass thermal-oxidative decomposition data and machine learning prediction of thermal analysis

Thermochemical conversion is the most economical approach to recovering energy and alternative fuels from biomass feedstock. This work first reviews the literature data on thermal-oxidative decomposition for common biomass types and forms a database of 18 parameters, including element, proximate, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model is developed for the prediction of TGA data. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis reveals that the influence of environment heating rate on biomass thermal decomposition is larger than that of fuel properties. By inputting biomass elemental/proximate analysis and heating rate, the ANN model successfully predicts 8 key TGA parameters, namely, pyrolysis-onset temperature, peak pyrolysis temperature, oxidation-dominant temperature, peak oxidation temperature, oxidation-end temperature, peak pyrolysis rate, oxidation-dominant rate, and peak oxidation rate, with R2 values greater than 0.98. A better performance can be achieved when all ten input features are considered. Final, an open-access online software, Intelligent Fuel Thermal Analysis (IFTA), is developed to predict thermal-oxidative decomposition across a wide range of heating rates and biomass types. This work provides a better understanding of biomass thermal-oxidative decomposition dynamics and a shortcut to obtain key parameters of biomass degradation without TGA tests.

Solar dissociation of zirconium silicate sand: A clean alternative to obtain zirconium dioxide

Application of concentrated solar energy (CSE) in the industry of materials is a promising alternative that is developing in recent years to reduce the environmental impact while accomplishing the objective of producing high-quality products. It is important to enlarge the processes being studied with the competition of CSE to find the most attractive for the scalation up to the industrial level and thus contributing to the energy transition in the field of materials. Systematic laboratory research has been conducted within the thermal decomposition of metal carbonates, sulphates, hydroxides, and metal oxides with promising results using CSE, which has the competing advantage of heat production without releasing pollutants and the construction of the installation as principal cost. Nevertheless, the thermal decomposition of zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4), despite of the importance of zirconium dioxide in the field of ceramics and the high energy consumption in the process, has never been reported in the literature using CSE. The process proposed in this manuscript consists of two stages, the pyrometallurgical one, based on the direct application of CSE to ZrSiO4 to dissociate it into ZrO2 and SiO2, and the hydrometallurgical one, based on the aqueous extraction of the zirconium dioxide with NaOH at 200 °C for 6 h in pressure reactor. The double-stage process based on CSE leads to the synthesis of close to 95% purity monoclinic ZrO2. The energy for the pyrometallurgical route is supplied by a renewable energy source (CSE), thus contributing to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the synthesis of ZrO2.

Determining Composition of Bamboo using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)-Chemometrics Technique

The chemical composition of biomass plays a pivotal role in determining the processing routes, operational costs, and product quality of bioprocesses. Current wet chemistry analysis methods are time consuming and energy intensive making them unideal for industrial scale applications where productivity is important. In this study, suitability of thermogravimetric analysis coupled with chemometrics (herein referred to as TGA-Chemometrics technique) was evaluated in determining the composition of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose in bamboo. Bambusa balcooa and Bambusa bambos species were used and thermal analysis data was collected under oxidative and inert conditions. Then, the data was used to develop predictive models (regression models) to predict the composition of bamboo. The model-predicted results were compared to the results obtained via the wet chemistry analysis to assess the efficacy of the developed predictive models. The results indicated that the predictive models developed using the data from both oxidative and non-oxidative thermal decomposition were accurate at predicting the amount of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose with R2 and RMSEp values of 0.82–0.95 and 0.6–1.79, respectively. Moreover, the developed chemometric models developed from the data obtained under inert conditions displayed a better prediction than those developed from the data obtained under oxidative conditions, indicated by their lower RMSEp values. The difference in prediction was not large, showing an average absolute error of 1.49%. In conclusion, this study shows that TGA coupled with chemometric is a potential technique to obtain composition of biomass, making it an alternative method to the wet chemistry analysis method.

A mechanistic and kinetic investigation on the oxidative thermal decomposition of decabromodiphenyl ether

The thermal processes of materials containing decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) normally result in the exposure of BDE-209 to high-temperature environments, generating a series of hazardous compounds. However, the evolution mechanisms of BDE-209 during oxidative thermal processes remain unclear. Thus, this paper presents a detailed investigation on the oxidative thermal decomposition mechanism of BDE-209 by utilizing density functional theory methods at the M06/cc-pVDZ theoretical level. The results show that the barrierless fission of the ether linkage dominates the initial degradation of BDE-209 at all temperatures, with branching ratio over 80%. The decomposition of BDE-209 in oxidative thermal processes is mainly along BDE-209 → pentabromophenyl and pentabromophenoxy radicals → pentabromocyclopentadienyl radicals → brominated aliphatic products. Additionally, the study results on the formation mechanisms of several hazardous pollutants indicate that the ortho-phenyl-type radicals created by ortho-C-Br bond fission (branching ratio reached 15.1% at 1600 K) can easily be converted into octabrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin and furan, which require overcoming the energy barriers of 99.0 and 48.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The O/ortho-C coupling of two pentabromophenoxy radicals also acts as a non-negligible pathway for the formation of octabrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin. The synthesis of octabromonaphthalene involves the self-condensation of pentabromocyclopentadienyl radicals, followed by an intricately intramolecular evolution. Results presented in this study can enhance our understanding of the transformation mechanism of BDE-209 in thermal processes, and offer an insight into controlling the emissions of hazardous pollutants.

Kinetics of the oxidative aging of phthalonitrile resins and their effects on the mechanical properties of thermosets

The process of thermal oxidation decomposition of phthalonitrile resins which had been post-cured at various temperatures (603 K, 623 K and 648 K) was studied using dynamic and isothermal measurement modes. It was shown that the degradation process is a complex branched four-stage process. We have concluded that the first stage is an nth order reaction with autocatalysis. The second stage is described with the expanded Prout-Tompkins equation which corresponds to an autocatalytic solid-state reaction caused by the formation of imperfections at the reaction surface. The third and fourth stages are also reactions of the nth order. The phthalonitrile resin post-cured at 603 K exhibited better thermal stability than the resins post-cured at 623 K and 648 K based on the activation energies of the 1st stage – 132 kJ/mol, 104 kJ/mol, and 106 kJ/mol respectively. These data were confirmed by comparable experimental activation energy values (111 kJ/mol, 87 kJ/mol, 86 kJ/mol respectively) and changes in mass loss and flexural strength values determined during long-term thermal aging in the temperature range of 553–623 K. It was shown that the phthalonitrile resin post-cured at 603 K with the initial flexural strength of 107 MPa is suitable for long-term application at temperatures up to 573 K.

Pyrolysis and Oxidative Thermal Decomposition Investigations of Tennis Ball Rubber Wastes through Kinetic and Thermodynamic Evaluations

Thermal decomposition of tennis ball rubber (TBR) wastes in nitrogen and air has been studied through thermogravimetric analysis. The samples were thermally decomposed from room temperature to 950 K at heating rates of 3 to 20 K/min with a purging flow of 30 cm3/min. The degradation features and specific temperatures for two purging gases are thus compared according to the nonisothermal results. Kinetic analyses of two thermal decomposition processes have been isoconversionally performed using differential or integral methods. The activation energy as a function of mass conversion has been thus obtained over the entire decomposition range, varying from 116.7 to 723.3 kJ/mol for pyrolysis and 98.2 to 383.6 kJ/mol for oxidative thermal decomposition. The iterative Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method combined with the linear compensation effect relationship has been proposed for determining the pre-exponential factor and reaction mechanism function, resulting in chemical order reaction models of f(α) = (1 - α)5.7 and f(α) = (1 - α)5.8 for describing pyrolysis and the oxidative thermal degradation of TBR wastes, respectively. With these kinetic parameters, very satisfactory matching against experimental data has been obtained for both gases. Additionally, the thermodynamic parameters, such as the changes of entropy, enthalpy and Gibbs free energy, over the whole thermal degradation processes have also been evaluated.

NiFe(CoFe)/silica and NiFe(CoFe)/alumina nanocomposites for the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2

The fumed SiO2 and Al2O3 oxides with a specific surface area of about 80 m2 g–1 were used for the synthesis of Ni(80)Fe(20)/SiO2, Co(93)Fe(7)/SiO2, Ni(80)Fe(20)/Al2O3 and Co(93)Fe(7)/Al2O3 nanocomposites, and numbers between brackets indicate the metal content in wt%, being 10 wt% of the mass of catalysts. Catalytically active bimetallic compositions (NiFe and CoFe) that modified the fumed oxides’ surface were prepared using the solvate-stimulated method with subsequent thermal decomposition and reduction of the metal oxides to corresponding metals with hydrogen. The catalysts were characterized using the TGA in dynamic hydrogen, nitrogen physisorption, and PXRD methods. The complete conversion of carbon dioxide is observed in the temperature range of 350–425 °C at the maximum methane yield of 72–84%. The long-time catalytic test demonstrates the high stability of the catalyst during 5 weeks of exposure to the reaction mixture. The yield of methane was decreased by 3–14% after 1–2 months of long-time testing.

Masks thermal degradation as an alternative of waste valorization on the COVID-19 pandemic: A kinetic study

The COVID-19 pandemic generated a new dynamic around waste management. Personal protective equipment such as masks, gloves, and face shields were essential to prevent the spread of the disease. However, despite the increase in waste, no technical alternatives were foreseen for the recovery of these wastes, which are made up of materials that can be valued for energy recovery.It is essential to design processes such as waste to energy to promote the circular economy. Therefore, techniques such as pyrolysis and thermal oxidative decomposition of waste materials need to be studied and scaled up, for which kinetic models and thermodynamic parameters are required to allow the design of this reaction equipment. This work develops kinetic models of the thermal degradation process by pyrolysis as an alternative for energy recovery of used masks generated by the COVID-19 pandemic.The wasted masks were isolated for 72 h for virus inactivation and characterized by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and determinate the higher calorific value (HCV). The composition of the wasted masks included polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, and spandex, with higher calorific values than traditional fuels. For this reason, they are susceptible to value as an energetic material.Thermal degradation was performed by thermogravimetric analysis at different heating rates in N2 atmosphere. The gases produced were characterized by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The kinetic model was based on the mass loss of the masks on the thermal degradation, then calculated activation energies, reaction orders, pre-exponential factors, and thermodynamic parameters. Kinetics models such as Coats and Redfern, Horowitz and Metzger, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose were studied to find the best-fit models between the experimental and calculated data.The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the thermal degradation processes demonstrated the feasibility and high potential of recovery of these residues with conversions higher than 89.26% and obtaining long-chain branched hydrocarbons, cyclic hydrocarbons, and CO2 as products.

Shedding light on the mechanism of graphene oxide thermal decomposition: A kinetic study using isoconversional method and artificial neural network

This work investigates the kinetics of Graphene Oxide (GO) thermal decomposition in mild temperatures (<550 K) using non-isothermal thermogravimetric data of freeze-dried GO. We employed the isoconvertional method and an artificial neural network to determine the multiple mechanistic kinetic models involved. Two distinct steps were clearly observed, both with high contribution of first-order kinetic model due to the dependence on the concentration of oxygen functionalities. Moreover, the first step of decomposition showed significant contribution of 3D diffusion model, likely related to the diffusion of produced gases in the 3D stacked-layered structure. The second step does not show dependence on 3D diffusion anymore, suggesting the layered structure was exfoliated during the first step. The second step showed high contribution of 2D nucleation models, which imply the formation of holes and cracks in the GO carbon skeleton. Therefore, this work clarifies the mechanism of preparation of reduced GO (rGO).

Structural-Compositional Effect of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Thermal-Oxidative Decomposition at High-Pressure: A Molecular Dynamics and Machine Learning Approach

Previous studies on the effects of pressure on the thermal-oxidative decomposition of different sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that contain heteroatoms have shown that this process has four main stages: oxygen chemisorption (OC), desorption/decomposition of chemisorbed oxygen functional groups (DCO), and the first and second stages of combustion (FC and SC, respectively). In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to provide an atomistic description of the reaction mechanism. Both classical force field and reactive force field techniques were used to propose a reaction route at conditions similar to those used in experimental evaluations. The results obtained from the MD simulations were compared with the experimentally derived conversion profiles. It was found that the MD models could successfully reproduce the experimental results and were thus a suitable description of the experimental system. In addition, a machine learning (ML) model was proposed to predict the thermal-oxidative profiles based on variables obtained from the experimental characterization of the PAHs. The ML model had a coefficient of determination was close to 95% for both the training and validation sets. Thus, the proposed ML model can be useful in optimizing the thermal-oxidative process by considering the structural-compositional characteristics of the PAHs and can be potentially extended to the study of promising techniques aimed at improving the transformation of PAHs into less hazardous or nonhazardous compounds by thermal-oxidative processes.

Synergistic Effect of Iron and Copper Oxides in the Removal of Organic Dyes Through Thermal Induced Catalytic Degradation Process

This study proposes a new method for producing α-Fe2O3–CuO nanocatalyst that is both cost-effective and ecologically benign. The α-Fe2O3–CuO nanocomposite was prepared via moderate thermal oxidative decomposition of copper hexacyanoferrate. Its structure and surface morphology are affirmed via XRD, SEM, FTIR, EDX, TEM, XPS, and VSM. In the presence of H2O2, α-Fe2O3–CuO is employed as a heterogeneous catalyst to stimulate thermally induced degradation of dyes such as direct violet 4, rhodamine b, and methylene blue. The synergistic effect of Fe2O3 and CuO enhanced the catalytic activity of the nanocomposite compared to Fe2O3 and CuO separately. The effectiveness of DV4 degradation is optimized by evaluating multiple reaction parameters. The reaction rate increased substantially with the temperature, revealing its key role in the degradation process. Higher H2O2 levels and the inclusion of inorganic anions like chloride or nitrate also sped up the degradation process. While sulfate and humic acid, particularly at high doses, slowed it. The mechanism of H2O2 activation on α-Fe2O3–CuO is studied. The measurements of chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon indicate that all dyes are highly mineralized. The remarkable performance and stability of this nanocomposite in removing diverse dyes render it a promising option for wastewater remedy.

Mathematical modeling of the influence of technological parameters of rotary molding on the amplitude of the ultrasonic bottom signal

In recent years, the processing of polymer materials has undergone significant changes due to the introduction of digital technologies. This article discusses the integration of high-tech methods and tools that ensure reliability, flexibility and optimization of production processes. In particular, emphasis is placed on the choice of non-destructive testing methods to ensure product quality, especially in the production of polymer products by rotary molding. The article discusses the problems associated with incomplete sintering and thermal oxidative decomposition of polyethylene, which have a significant impact on the quality of products. Traditional methods of control, such as visual inspection and ultrasound control, are presented, and their limitations are discussed. The main attention is paid to the application of the ultrasonic method of non-destructive testing to detect incomplete sintering of polyethylene. The authors propose a formula based on probabilistic-deterministic planning, which takes into account the combined effect of temperature and plastic thickness on the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal. This formula demonstrates high reliability, estimated by the coefficient of nonlinear multiple correlation. The use of non-destructive testing methods in the production of polymer products by rotary molding allows us to ensure high quality products and prevent possible breakdowns and accidents during operation. This article represents an important contribution to the field of quality control of polymer products and opens up new opportunities for optimizing production processes.

Study on the Performance and Corrosion Failure Process of Porous Titanium-Based Coated Electrodes

Titanium-based coated electrodes are considered to be a substitute for Pb-based anodes because of their lower weights and lower energy consumption; however, their properties and service lives are affected by the matrix structure. Herein, the metal oxide coating was prepared via the thermal oxidation decomposition of a 5 μm-porous titanium plate. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the metal oxide coating on the porous titanium plate was strengthened in each layer that had pores. The inner coating of the particles are sized using nanometers, with a diameter of 22–64 nm and a compact structure. The electrochemical test results show that, compared with the flat titanium plate, the coating attached to the porous titanium plate has a better catalytic performance in the chlorine evolution reaction, (the chlorine evolution potential decreases by 121 mV), and the service life is increased by 3.78 times. Through a SEM, XRD, and EDS analysis of the coating composition after corrosion failure, the corrosion mechanism of the surface oxide coating was discussed.

Characterisation of the fire behaviour of wood: From pyrolysis to fire retardant mechanisms.

Wood is undeniably the most useful and readily available natural raw material. However, the susceptibility of wood products to fire is one of the crucial challenges faced in the wood industry. The fire behaviour of wood is a very complex phenomenon due to the different constituents and their independent reactions to fire. This article presents a thorough overview of the flammability stages of wood. It covers pyrolysis, thermal oxidative decomposition, ignition, combustion and heat release as well as flame extinction mechanisms. In the area of flame retardancy, conventional wood fire retardants, nanocomposites fire retardants and wood modification processes are investigated. Factors such as wood species, moisture content, density, experimental conditions such as external heat flux, heat exposure time, wood permeability and porosity are some of the deterministic parameters characterising the fire behaviour. This paper is a one-stop-shop for researchers analysing wood flammability due to the inclusion of all aspects pertaining to the burning of wood.

Study of the toxicity of combustion products of polymer materials using chromatomass spectrometry

Introduction. Carrying out studies of the toxicity of combustion products (HCL50) of polymer materials: epoxy glue grade EK-5T and compound ELPLAST-180 ID according to GOST with the additional use of gas chromatography with mass selective detection. Objective. Experimental study of the toxicity of combustion products (HCL50) of polymer materials in various modes of thermal oxidative degradation: epoxy glue grade EK-5T and compound ELPLAST-180 ID, as well as a survey mass spectrometric analysis of products of thermal oxidative degradation. Material and methods. The studies were carried out in accordance with GOST 12.1.044-89. Equipment: “Toxicity” unit, “Infracar M2.01” gas analyzer, Focus GC chromato-mass-spectrometric instrumental complex with DSQ II mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific, USA), Nova Medical Stat Profile automatic analyzer of blood gases, electrolytes and oximetry Model CCX (USA). Blood sampling was carried out in capillaries “Stat Profile Critical Care Express Capillary Tube 230 µL with Na Heparin” LOT 107669, CO2 chamber. Results. In the course of studying the products of outgassing of polymer materials using an exposure chamber and a gas chromatomass spectrometer, a significant increase in toxicity (4.8 times) of a mixture of chemicals released from epoxy glue EK-5T during the transition from thermal-oxidative decomposition (smoldering) to flame combustion was established. The toxicity index of the combustion products of the ELPLAST-180 ID compound under the same conditions increases by 1.8 times. A linear dependence of the percentage of lethality of laboratory animals on the integral indicator of the toxicity of combustion products has been established. Limitations. Studies of the toxicity of combustion products were carried out on non-metallic materials: epoxy glue EK-5T, compound ELPLAST-180 ID. These materials are planned to be used in hermetically sealed objects of the Navy. Conclusion. The expediency of using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for assessing the combined effect of combustion products is shown.

Theoretical calculation and experimental verification of the vacuum thermal decomposition process of lunar silicon oxide

Thermal decomposition of oxides can be achieved at a lower temperature under vacuum condition. For In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU), using the thermal decomposition method to obtain resources can avoid complex processing. This study, through thermodynamic equilibrium calculation found that oxides such as iron(II) oxide (FeO), and magnesium oxide (MgO), are easy to decompose. While oxides, such as silicon monoxide (SiO), titanium(II) oxide (TiO), etc., are difficult to decompose. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) is selected as the sample for the nanosecond laser experiment under a vacuum. Temperature simulation showed that a laser can give the sample high-temperature energy above 4700 K. Dynamic analysis showed that the sample undergoing complete plasma decomposition was the most thorough. The results of thermal decomposition of silicon monoxide is the most difficult to achieve. Under the conditions of 75 mJ laser pulse energy, 10−4 Pa initial vacuum, etc., the oxygen-silicon atom ratio of the products ranged from 1.74 to 0.12 and decreased with decreasing particle radius. Understanding the decomposition behavior of lunar surface oxides is crucial for the clean utilization of lunar surface resources. Moreover, it also provides a theoretical basis for high-temperature processing and element migration of airless objects.