Oxidative Stress In Wistar Rats Research Articles

In vivo antioxidant activity of Ethanolic extract from root of Smilax zeylanica on Aluminium Chloride Induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats

Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the Evaluation of In vivo antioxidant activity of Ethanolic extract of root of Smilax zeylanica(EESZ) on Aluminium Chloride Induced apoptosis suppressing oxidative stress in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: The ethanolic extract from the roots of S. china by hot continuous percolation method. The rats were divided into 5 groups and each group consists of 6 animals. Rats were treated with EESC for 150 and 300 mg/ kg of body weight and piracetam, 0.5 mg/ kg of body weight for 14 successive days after inducing oxidative stress with aluminium chloride (100 mg/ kg of body weight) for 60 days. The lipid peroxidation level (TBARS) and antioxidant activities like Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and reduced Glutathione (GSH) were estimated in rats. Results: AlCl3 induced rats showed increased the TBARS and decreased the antioxidant enzymes like Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and reduced Glutathione (GSH) when compared with the control group. The EESZ at higher dose 300 mg/ kg of body weight animals were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the TBARS and increased the anti oxidant enzymes Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and reduced Glutathione (GSH) when compared with the AlCl3 treated group Conclusion: Findings of the present study revealed that Ethanolic extract from roots of Smilax zeylanica may be used as a significant source of natural antioxidant, which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stresses. 
 Keywords: S. zeylanica, antioxidant, ethanolic extract, TBARS, rats.

Telfairia occidentalis (Cucurbitaceae) pulp extract mitigates rifampicin-isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity in an in vivo rat model of oxidative stress

ObjectiveDrug-induced liver injury complicates antituberculosis drug treatment and is a leading cause of death worldwide. The aim of this study is to establish the ethnomedicinal claim of hepatoprotective effects of fruit pulp extract of Telfairia occidentalis against rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH)-induced oxidative stress in rats. MethodsT. occidentalis pulp extract (TOPE) (125–500 mg/kg) and silymarin (50 mg/kg) were evaluated in an induced hepatotoxicity model of oxidative stress in Wistar rats by intoxication with RIF and INH (100 mg/kg each) orally for 60 d. Markers indicating oxidative stress and hepatic damage such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were assessed. Biomarkers of antioxidant status, including catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, and marker of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA), were assayed using standard procedures. The hematological profile, lipid profile, serum markers for kidney function and histopathological examination were also assessed. ResultsIntoxication with RIF and INH markedly reduced the hematological indices and elevated the biochemical enzyme markers (AST, ALT and ALP, P < 0.001) and lipid profile (P < 0.001), while antioxidant biomarkers were significantly (P < 0.01) depressed and MDA was elevated. However, pretreatment with TOPE significantly (P < 0.001) alleviated this alteration and sustained the antioxidant potentials. The histopathological morphology supports the biochemical evidence of hepatoprotection. ConclusionCurrent study is indicative of potential antioxidant activity, hepatoprotective effects and plausible therapeutic alleviation of RIF-INH-induced hepatotoxicity of TOPE in laboratory animals.

Effects of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) on calcium bioavailability and inflammation in Wistar rats

Chia is a good source of calcium, however it is not been previously reported its bioavailability associated with an inflammatory condition. Thus, the present study evaluated the effect of chia on calcium bioavailability, inflammation, and oxidative stress in Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet or standard diet for 35 days. Chia consumption resulted in lower calcium balance and calcium absorption and retention rates. In addition, the urinary calcium concentration was lower in groups that were fed chia. The bone resistance of animals feed chia was lower than that in rats fed the standard diet receiving calcium carbonate. Animals that were fed chia showed lower total, very low-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than animalsfed calcium carbonate. Animals fed standard diet showed higher superoxide dismutase plasma concentrations than animals in the high fat calcium carbonate group. PPAR-α protein levels were higher in animals fed chia whereas TNF-α and IL-10 were lower in these animals. NFκB mRNA expression and protein levels were lower in the groups that received chia compared with HFD + CC. Chia intake presented low calcium bioavailability regardless of the type of diet consumed and was able to improved inflammation and the lipid profile in young Wistar rat. Besides this, the consumption of this seed increased the activity of antioxidants enzymes.

Protective but Non-Synergistic Effects of Nigella Sativa and Vitamin E against Cisplatin-Induced Renal Toxicity and Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats.

Cisplatin is an anti-cancer drug that causes nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress. Extracts of Nigella sativa is nephroprotective. Vitamin E is also a potent antioxidant. This study sought to determine a possible synergistic effect of administering the two agents prior to cisplatin use on nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress. 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 8 rats each. Group I served as the control. Group II received cisplatin without any treatment for 6 days. Groups III, IV, V and VI received 100 mg/kg Nigella sativa (NS), 200 mg/kg NS, 100 mg/kg Vitamin E and 200 mg/kg NS+100 mg/kg Vitamin E respectively for 5 days prior to 6 days administration of cisplatin. On the last day of the experiment, all the animals were sacrificed and serum samples collected for analysis. Cisplatin administration caused a significant increase in creatinine level (p<0.01), urea level (p<0.01), sodium concentration and malondialdehyde level (p<0.001). Pre-administration with NS caused a significant reduction in creatinine level (p<0.001), urea level (p<0.001), sodium concentration (p<0.001) and malondialdehyde (p<0.01) level. Pre-administration with vitamin E caused a significant reduction in creatinine level (p<0.001), urea level (p<0.01), sodium concentration (p<0.001) and malondialdehyde level. They both also caused a significant increase in superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and catalase (CAT) levels. The combination of NS and vitamin E however did not show significant synergistic effects. These results suggest that even though pre-administration of the two agents protect against renal toxicity and oxidative stress, the effects are however not collaborative.

Influence of fisetin combined with hesperidin on chronic mild hyperhomocysteinemia induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress in wistar rats

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a genetic disorder charecterized by elevated levels of homocysteine in the blood (> 15 μM). This study was aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective role of fisetin and hesperidin on homocysteine induced chronicmild hyperhomocysteinemia in wistar rats. DL-homocysteine (0.03 μmoL/g/ b.w,s.c.twice a day) administration from 30th–62nd postpartum day in rats induced chronic mild hyperhomocysteinemia. Rats were then evaluated for cognitive dysfunction, oxidative/nitrative stress and several biochemical as well as morphological parameters of brain cortex and hippocampus. Our results indicate that chronic mild hyperhomocysteinemia induced cognitive impairment, increased serum homocysteine, brain acetylcholinesterase, lipidperoxidation, TNF-α, IL-6 and myeloperoxidase levels. In addition decrease in brain nitrite, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and mitochondrial respiratory complexes, resulted in necrotic foci and marked neurodegeneration in cortex and hippocampus regions. Our findings show that fisetin and hesperidin treatment prevented behavioral deficits, increased brain antioxidant and nitrite levels, reduced serum homocysteine, pro-inflammatory biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, cholinergic and mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced histological abberrations. Fisetin in combination with hesperidin showed better potency in neuroprotection against chronic mild hyperhomocysteinemia. Overall this study reveals fisetin and hesperidin as potential therapeutic targets for homocysteine induced hyperhomocysteinemia.

Oxidative stress in triazine pesticide toxicity: a review of the main biomarker findings

This review article provides a summary of the studies relying on oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in particular) to investigate the effects of atrazine and terbuthylazine exposure in experimental animals and humans published since 2010. In general, experimental animals showed that atrazine and terbuthylazine exposure mostly affected their antioxidant defences and, to a lesser extent, lipid peroxidation, but the effects varied by the species, sex, age, herbicide concentration, and duration of exposure. Most of the studies involved aquatic organisms as useful and sensitive bio-indicators of environmental pollution and important part of the food chain. In laboratory mice and rats changes in oxidative stress markers were visible only with exposure to high doses of atrazine. Recently, our group reported that low-dose terbuthylazine could also induce oxidative stress in Wistar rats. It is evident that any experimental assessment of pesticide toxic effects should take into account a combination of several oxidative stress and antioxidant defence biomarkers in various tissues and cell compartments. The identified effects in experimental models should then be complemented and validated by epidemiological studies. This is important if we wish to understand the impact of pesticides on human health and to establish safe limits.

Chronic co-exposure to chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin pesticides induces alterations in serum lipids and oxidative stress in Wistar rats: mitigating role of alpha-lipoic acid.

The study evaluated the effect of combination of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and deltamethrin (DLT) on serum lipid profiles and oxidative stress in rats, and the mitigating role of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA). Thirty male rats were used for the 120-day study. Serum samples obtained at termination were evaluated for the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL), and atherogenic index (AI) were calculated. The pesticide combination elevated the levels of TG, TC, LDL, VLDL, AI, and MDA, and decreased HDL level, and activities of CAT, SOD, and GPx. The alterations induced by CPF and DLT were alleviated by ALA, partly through its antioxidant properties. In conclusion, co-exposure to DLT and CPF altered serum lipids and increased oxidative stress changes in the rats, which were ameliorated by ALA.

Effects of &lt;i&gt;Hibiscus Sabdarrifa L.&lt;/i&gt; anthocyanins on cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats

The search for potential ameliorative substances of Cadmium (Cd) toxicity is ongoing. Thus, this study was aimed at investigating the effects of Hibiscus Sabdarrifa L. anthocyanins (HSA) on Cd-induced oxidative stress in wistar rats. Anthocyanins were extracted from H. sabdariffa calyces using standard protocols and were identified with a Agilent HPLC system (model-LC 1100 series).Thirty wistar rats (185±5.2g) divided into Five (5) groups and were treated for fifteen days: Group 1: control, Group 2: Cd alone, 3mg/kg b wt, Group 3: HSA alone, 3mg/kg b wt, Group 4: HSA Pre-Cd - HSA (3g/ kg b wt for ten consecutive days) and Cd (3mg/ kg b wt) for the remaining five days, Group 5: HSA Post-Cd - Cd (3mg/kg b wt) for the first five consecutive days then HSA (3g/ kg b wt) for the remaining ten days. Comparison of HPLC chromatogram of anthocyanin extract of H. sabdariffa calyces with published data revealed the presence of malvidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-monoglucoside, cyanidin-3-monoglucoside and petunidin-3-monoglucoside. Exposure to Cd significantly reduced (p<0.05) GSH levels and glutathione-s-transferase activity but significantly (P<0.05) increased lipid peroxidation in the plasma and tissues of rats. Cd-exposure also caused a significant decrease (p<0.05) in tissue SOD and CAT, but pre-treatment and post-treatment with HSA improved tissue SOD, CAT and GST activitieswith concomitant increase in GSH levels and reduction in tissue lipid peroxidation. This confirms the antioxidant capacity of H. sabdariffa anthocyanins in ameliorating Cd-induced oxidative stress when administered pre and post Cd exposure. Keywords: Lipid Peroxidation, Catalase, Glutathione, antioxidants

Cerebral cortex damage induced by acute oral alcohol intake is associated with oxidative stress in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

The prefrontal cortex undergoes functional and structural changes due to binge or chronic alcohol consumption. This study examines alcohol-induced cerebral cortex damage and the association with oxidative stress in an animal model. Twenty-four Wistar rats (12 males and 12 females) weighing 150g to 250g were divided into four groups, A, B, C and D according to their weights. The rats in groups B, C and D were administered with 2mls of 52.5%, 16.5% and 4.3% v/v aqueous alcoholic solution respectively for 21 days. While rats in group A (control group) were given distilled water only, for the same period. The brain of each rat was excised, weighed and fixed in 10% formal saline for histological analysis while others were immersed in ice cold 30% sucrose solution, homogenized and analyzed for superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and acetylcholinesterase activity. Results indicate chromatolysis of Nissl bodies, cortical necrosis, and uneven neuronal loss with varying range of vacuolations in the prefrontal cortices of the alcohol treated rats in a dosedependent manner when compared with the control group. Cerebral cortex damage due to acute oral alcohol intake is associated with oxidative stress.Keywords: Brain, cerebral cortex, alcohol, Wistar rats, oxidative stress

Comparative study of nano and bulk Fe3O4 induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats

Context: Magnetic nanomaterials (Fe3O4 NMs) have become novel tools with multiple biological and medical applications because of their biocompatibility. However, adverse health effects of these NMs are of great interest to learn.Objective: This study was designed to assess the size and dose-dependent effects of Fe3O4 NMs and its bulk on oxidative stress biomarkers after post–subacute treatment in female Wistar rats.Methods: Rats were daily administered with 30, 300 and 1000 mg/kg b.w. doses for 28 d of Fe3O4 NMs and its bulk for biodistribution and histopathological studies.Results: Fe3O4 NMs treatment caused significant increase in lipid peroxidation levels of treated rats. It was also observed that the NM treatment elicited significant changes in enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase in treated rat organs with major reduction in glutathione content. Metal content analysis revealed that tissue deposition of NM in the organs was higher when compared to bulk and caused histological changes in liver.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that for same dose, NM showed higher bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and tissue damage than its bulk. The difference in toxic effect of Fe3O4 nano and bulk could be related to their altered physicochemical properties.

Different Protocols of Physical Training: Effect on Markers of Oxidative Stress in Erythrocytes in Rats

The imbalance between oxidant molecules and antioxidant agents is characterized as oxidative stress (OS) and may lead to severe damage to the organism. In contrast, the physical training of aerobic and resistive character promotes increases of the antioxidant response, resulting in a balance and/or minimizing damage. Therefore, the objective of the study is to verify the effect of aerobic training, resistive training and concurrent training on oxidative stress of Wistar rats. Methods: To perform the experiment, 40 Wistar rats were subjected to eight weeks of training. The animals were distributed into 4 different groups: control, aerobic, resistive and concurrent (combination of aerobic and resistive protocols in the same section) an h/day, five days/week, for eight weeks. At the end of the experimental period: the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase), biomarkers of oxidative stress (TBARs and H2O2) as well as the activity of reduced and oxidized glutathione were analyzed. Results: Regarding the markers, TBARs and H2O2 trainings were not effective in promoting significant reduction. In contrast, the three training protocols caused an increase in SOD and GSH-GPx enzymes. Conclusion: Therefore, we concluded that both training protocols promoted benefit to the organism, because they caused the increase of antioxidant enzymes without disturbance in the pro-oxidant markers.

Aluminium phosphide-induced testicular toxicity through oxidative stress in Wistar rats: Ameliorative role of hesperidin

The present study was designed to investigate aluminium phosphide (ALP)-induced testicular toxicity, including its effects on sperm parameters and histological alterations in Wistar rats, and the possible protective role of hesperidin (HSD). Oral administration of ALP at 1.15 mg/kg body weight (1/10 LD50) for 30 days resulted in a significant increase in testicular malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides, and oxidized protein levels. These indicators of oxidative stress were accompanied by decreased activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, followed by a drastic reduction in the non-enzymatic antioxidant indices of glutathione and total antioxidant capacity when compared to control. Furthermore, ALP treatment produced a marked reduction in sperm count, motility and viability while increasing abnormal sperm morphology and adverse histopathological changes in testis. Co-administration with HSD significantly ameliorated ALP-induced testicular damage by suppressing oxidative stress indices and enhancing antioxidant status while also improving the sperm parameters and histological alterations in ALP-treated rats. The results of the present study indicated that testicular toxic effects of ALP are due to oxidative imbalance and that HSD could be a potential therapeutic agent against ALP-induced testicular damage.

NARINGIN ATTENUATES METHOTREXATE INDUCED INTESTINAL INJURY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN WISTAR RATS

Methotrexate (MTX) is a pivot anticancer drug used for cancer therapy, rheumatic disease and psoriasis. Intestinal damage is a main toxic effect of MTX associated with villus shortening, mitotic arrest in crypt, atrophy of epithelium, disruption of mucosa, inflammation, ulcer and decline in goblet cells. The aim of present study was to investigate the protective effect of naringin on MTX induced intestinal injury and oxidative stress in wistar rats. The animals were randomly divided into five equal groups: Normal (saline 1 mL p.o.), MTX (20 mg/mg i.p on 4th day), Group III (Naringin 50 mg/kg p.o., + MTX 20 mg/kg, i.p.), IV (Naringin 100 mg/kg p.o., + MTX 20 mg/kg, i.p.) and V (Naringin 100 mg/kg p.o., alone). Rats of all groups except Group I and Group V treated with MTX in a dosage of 20 mg/mg i.p on 4th day. Jejunum tissues of each rat were isolated and subjected to antioxidants evaluation such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione peroxidise (GP-x), malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and histopathological study. Naringin exhibit a significant (P&lt;0.001) protective role against MTX induced intestinal oxidative injury by elevating the GSH, SOD, catalase and suppresses the MPO and MDA level. Also, naringin successfully prevents the MTX treatment induced villus shortening, crypts damage, inflammatory infiltration, ulceration and depletion of goblets cells in experimental rats. The current findings demonstrate that naringin explored beneficial role by attenuating the MTX induced impairment in oxidative stress and jejunum injury in rats.

Antagonizing the Hazardous Impact of Increased Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats by Biscuits with Dried Orange Peel

Antagonizing the Hazardous Impact of Increased Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats by Biscuits with Dried Orange Peel

An Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Blood Lead Lowering Effect of Vernonia Amygdalina Aqueous Extract on Lead Acetate Induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats

An Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Blood Lead Lowering Effect of Vernonia Amygdalina Aqueous Extract on Lead Acetate Induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats

Antioxidative and haematoprotective activity of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E against cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats.

Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental pollutant, which exerts adverse effects mainly by inducing oxidative stress. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin E (VE), naturally occurring antioxidants, improve health condition by inactivating free radicals and enhancing antioxidative defence. The aim of our study was to investigate the protective role of CoQ10 and/or VE pretreatment against Cd-induced haematotoxicity. Wistar albino rats were intramuscularly injected with CoQ10 (20 mg/kg b.w.) and/or VE (20 IU/kg b.w.) or with saline (control group). After 24 h, Cd was injected intraperitoneally (0.4 mg/kg b.w.) and 1 day after, animals were sacrificed. Acute Cd intoxication caused significant changes in haematological and biochemical parameters and altered the glutathione cycle, leading to the formation of lipid peroxidation, while the concentrations and activities of antioxidants (vitamins C and E, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) were decreased. CoQ10 and/or VE significantly maintained these values to near-normal levels, afforded additional protection by reducing lipid peroxidation and improved the levels of antioxidants in the blood. Plasma CoQ10 and VE levels negatively correlated with oxidative damage parameters while positively correlated with antioxidative defence parameters. Regarding their effects, CoQ10 and VE were in synergistic interaction. The present study suggested that CoQ10 and VE combination may be beneficial in protecting from Cd-induced haematotoxicity and may be used as a preventive against acute Cd intoxication of exposed people.

Evaluation of In vitro and In vivo Antioxidant potential of Morinda reticulata Gamble Tubers in Wistar Albino Rats Subjected to CCl4 and Paracetamol induced Hepatotoxicity

The aim of present study is to explore the antioxidant potential of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Morinda reticulata Gamble by in vitro and in vivo methods. In vitr o antioxidant activity of Benzene, Chloroform, Ethanol and aqueous extracts of M. reticulata was studied by DPPH, Metal chelating, Super oxide free radical scavenging assay, Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay and Reducing power assay where ascorbic acid was used as a standard antioxidant. Oxidative stress in Wistar rats was induced by two different models using administration of CCl 4 (1.5 ml/kg, p.o) and paracetamol (2g/kg) on seventh day of study. Ethanol and aqueous extracts were given twice daily for one week. Silymarin (25 mg/kg, p.o) was given as a standard drug. In in vitro, IC 50 values were least with ethanol and aqueous extracts when compared with other extracts. Ethanol extracts exhibited similar free radical scavenging effect as that of standard ascorbic acid. In vivo antioxidant activity was assessed by the measurement of Melondyaldehyde (MDA), Reduced Glutathione (GSH), Super oxide dismutase (SOD) and Total protein levels were estimated from the liver tissue homogenate. The level of MDA (3.27±2.18) was significantly (p˂0.001) increased whereas decreased level of total protein, GSH and SOD were found in CCl 4 and paracetamol control group. Seven days extracts treatments restored these altered parameters in to normal where ethanol extract treatment group showed significant (p˂0.001) result than aqueous extract. HPTLC study showed that presence of six phytoconstituents with corresponding Rf value. The study report concluded that M.reticulata has very good antioxidant effect against CCl 4 and paracetamol induced liver damage with oxidative stress. Probable mechanism behind this protection against oxidative damage produced by CCl 4 and paracetamol is its phytoconstiuents.

Administration of red rosella’s petals extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa) increase level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) wistar rats which induced by repeteadly heated cooking oil

Background: repeatedly heated cooking oil is cooking oil that is used many times, had saturated fatty acids containing free radicals. Red rosella petals extract contains antioxidants to minimize the effects of repeatedly heated cooking oil that can raise the levels of SOD. The aim of this study was to analyzed the effect of red rosella’s petals extract against oxidative stress of Wistar rats were induced by repeatedly heated cooking oil with examine levels of serum SOD.This research was conducted True Experimental Laboratory with a completely randomized design (CRD) and use the post test. The sample consisted of 24 male rats were divided 4 groups: negative control (fed with standard diet); positive control (fed with standard diet + administered by repeatedly heated cooking oil as much as 2.1 ml / kg bw); treatment group dose I (fed with standard diet + administered by red rosella extract dose 540 mg / kg bw + repeatedly heated cooking oil as much as 2.1 ml / kg bw), and treatment group dose II (fed with standard diet + administered by red rosella extract dose 810 mg / kg bw + repeatedly heated cooking oil as much as 2.1 ml / kg bw). Analysis of data using statistical test One Way ANOVA and Tukey HSD (α = 0.05).Results: There were significant differences (p = 0.000) between groups. Red rosella extract treatment group dose 810 mg / kg bw and 540 mg / kg bw were significantly different from the positive control (p = 0.000). Red rosella extract group dose 540 mg / kg bw was significantly different from the negative control (p = 0.000). Red rosella extract group dosage of 810 mg / kg bw was not differ significantly from the control group (p = 0.171).Conclusion: The red rosella’s petals extract dose of 810 mg / kg bw and dose of 540 mg / kg bw were able to prevent oxidative stress. Optimal deose of red rosella petals extract dose of 810 mg / kg bw was the most effective, because the higher antioxidant activity (67.33%) at dose 810 mg / kg bw dose than 540 mg / kg bw.

Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats: Ameliorative Effect of Quercetin and Embilica Officinalis Plant Extracts

Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats: Ameliorative Effect of Quercetin and Embilica Officinalis Plant Extracts

Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Effects of Flavonoids-rich Extract of Cymbopogon citratus in Sodium Nitrite (NaNO2) Induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats

Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Effects of Flavonoids-rich Extract of Cymbopogon citratus in Sodium Nitrite (NaNO2) Induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats