Oxidative Profile Research Articles

Deciphering the Diversified Metabolic Behavior of Hydroxyalkyl Ferrocidiphenols as Anticancer Complexes.

Ferrocidiphenols possessing appropriate substituents in the aliphatic chain have very promising anticancer properties, but a systematic approach to deciphering their diversified metabolic behavior has so far been lacking. Herein, we show that a series of novel ferrocidiphenols bearing different hydroxyalkyl substituents exhibit strong anticancer activity as revealed in a range of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Moreover, they display diversified oxidative transformation profiles very distinct from those of previous complexes, shown by the use of chemical and enzymatic methods and in cellulo and in vivo metabolism studies. In view of this phenomenon, unprecedented chemo-evolutionary sequences that connect all the ferrocidiphenol-related intermediates and analogues have been established. In addition, a comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) study has been performed to decipher the metabolic diversification profiles of these complexes and demonstrate the delicate modulation of carbenium ions by the ferrocenyl moiety, via either α- or β-positional participation.

Evaluation of the Anti-Oxidative Effects of Monocyte Cells Treated with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Supernatant on Experimental Colitis in BALB/c Mice

Background: Alternate activation of monocytes could induce anti-inflammatory impacts. This study aimed to investigate whether monocyte cells treated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells supernatant (MSC-Sp) could improve anti-inflammatory responses as a cell transfer therapy for colitis. Materials and Methods: The induction of experimental colitis was done by acetic acid in four groups of male BALB/c mice, including the control colitis, treated-monocytes, non-treated-monocytes, and mesalazine groups. Following MSCs culture, the supernatant was harvested, and then 50% conditioned media, or negative control media was added to the monocytes for 24 h. After ten days, peritoneal injection of treated or non-treated-monocytes (105 cells/100µL) was performed in animals' relevant groups of colitis. Ten days later, the oxidative stress profile and histopathological evaluation of colon tissue were assessed. Results: Treated monocytes showed a significant improvement in the oxidative stress profile, namely myeloperoxidase (0.126±0.008), nitric oxide (0.153±0.01), and malondialdehyde (0.148±0.014) compared to the control colitis group (P<0.05). Also, histopathological results revealed that the rate of damage in the treated-monocytes group was less than in normal mice. Conclusion: Our study indicated that the treated monocytes had anti-oxidative potential in colitis mice and were usable as a complementary therapy. [GMJ.2021;10:e2131]

Inclusion of exogenous enzymes in feedlot cattle diets: Impacts on physiology, rumen fermentation, digestibility and fatty acid profile in rumen and meat

The objective of this study was to evaluate if the inclusion of a blend composed of exogenous enzymes (amylase, protease, cellulase, xylanase and beta glucanase) in the individual and combined form in the feedlot steers diet has benefits on the physiology, rumen fermentation, digestibility and fatty acid profile in rumen and meat. The experiment used 24 animals, divided into 4 treatments, described as: T1-CON, T2-BLEND (0.5 g mixture of enzyme), T3-AMIL (0.5 g alpha-amylase), T4-BLEND+AMIL (0.5 g enzyme blend+ 0.5 g amylase). The concentration of mineral matter was higher in the meat of cattle of T4-BLEND+AMIL. A higher proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids was observed in the T3-AMIL group when compared to the others. The percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher in the T2-BLEND and T4-BLEND+AMIL compared to the T1-CON. The combination of exogenous enzymes in the diet positively modulate nutritional biomarkers, in addition to benefits in the lipid and oxidative profile meat.

Effects of Hardaliye, a Fermented Grape Drink, on Oxidative Stress, Lipid Profile, and Blood Pressure in Young Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective Hardaliye, a traditional fermented grape juice, can prevent imbalances in the antioxidant defense systems of soccer players. Hardaliye is mainly produced through the fermentation of grapes, sour cherry leaves, and mustard seeds and is consumed as a drink. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of hardaliye consumption on oxidative stress parameters, lipid profile, and blood pressure in young elite soccer players. Methods In this single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-design study, while the participants in one of the groups consumed 250 mL/d of hardaliye drink (Hardaliye Group), the participants in the other group consumed placebo drink (Placebo Group) for 28 days. Three-day food record and blood samples were taken from the soccer players and their blood pressure was measured. Results Nutrient intakes in both groups were similar at the beginning and end of the study (p > 0.05). Dietary carbohydrates and vitamin A, E, and C intakes were below the recommended levels in both groups. Hardaliye consumption significantly increased the serum total antioxidant capacity level but significantly decreased serum total oxidation status, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels compared to the Placebo Group (p < 0.05). Lipid parameters and diastolic blood pressure levels were not significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05). Hardaliye consumption significantly decreased systolic blood pressure compared to that in the Placebo Group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Hardaliye consumption in young elite soccer players showed antioxidative effects and decreased systolic blood pressure but did not affect their lipid profiles.

Comparative Assessment of Oxidative and Antioxidant Parameters in Mule and Horse Neonates during Their First Month of Extrauterine Adaptation.

After parturition, a rapid transition occurs from the intrauterine to the extrauterine milieu, exposing neonates to physiological circumstances characterized by oxidative conditions that instigate the generation of reactive oxygen species. These free radicals play pivotal roles in physiological processes; however, an imbalance between their production and the removal of antioxidants can result in severe cellular damage. The main objective of this study was to compare the oxidative and antioxidant profiles in mule and horse neonates immediately post-parturition, as well as at subsequent time points (1, 6, 12, and 24 h, 7 and 30 days) during their extrauterine existence. The parameters assessed included the systemic concentrations of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and carbonyl groups; the activities of the antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx); and the levels of the total, indirect, and direct bilirubin. Our results showed no interaction effect between the neonatal groups and the assessed time points for the variables under investigation. Notably, the concentrations of TBARS, as a marker of lipid peroxidation, and bilirubin were consistently lower in the mules, whereas the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity exhibited higher levels in this group. The bilirubin levels were notably reduced in the mule neonates. The TBARS demonstrated a progressive decrease over the observation period in both groups, while the GPx activity remained relatively stable from birth to 7 days, with a substantial increase evident at the 30-day mark. Protein oxidation was not affected by the group and time, while for the SOD values, all times were statistically similar, except for the lower activity at T1h. Consequently, our findings lead us to the conclusion that neonatal mules and horses manifest distinct patterns of oxidative activity and antioxidant capacity during the initial month of their extrauterine existence, potentially indicative of different adaptation mechanisms to the extrauterine environment.

Redox imbalance and inflammation: A link to depression risk in brazilian pesticide-exposed farmers

This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms linking occupational pesticide exposure to depression among rural workers from Maravilha, Brazil. We assessed the mental health, oxidative, and inflammatory profiles of farmers exposed to pesticides (N = 28) and compared them to an urban control group without occupational exposure to pesticides (N = 25). Data on sociodemographic, occupational history, and clinical records were collected. Emotional states were evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Biochemical, hematological, inflammatory, and redox parameters were examined in blood samples from both groups. Results showed educational disparities between groups and unveiled a concerning underutilization of personal protective equipment (PPEs) among farmers. Glyphosate was the predominant pesticide used by farmers. Farmers exhibited higher BDI scores, including more severe cases of depression. Additionally, elevated levels of creatinine, ALT, AST, and LDH were observed in farmers, suggesting potential renal and hepatic issues due to pesticide exposure. Oxidative stress markers, such as increased lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, along with decreased catalase (CAT) activity and ascorbic acid levels, were noted in the pesticide-exposed group compared to controls. Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, were also observed in pesticide-exposed group. Our findings suggest that inflammation, oxidative distress and lower educational levels may be associated with depression in pesticide-exposed farmers. This study highlights the impact of occupational pesticide exposure on the mental health of rural workers. The underuse of PPEs and the link between depressive symptoms, inflammation, and oxidative stress underscore the urgent need for improved safety measures in agricultural practices. Addressing these issues will contribute to a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between environmental exposures and mental health outcomes.

Monitoring the lipid oxidation and fatty acid profile of oil using algorithm-assisted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Deep-fat frying of food develops lipid oxidation products that deteriorate oil and pose a health risk. This necessitates the development of a rapid and accurate oil quality and safety detection technique. Herein, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and sophisticated chemometric techniques were used for rapid and label-free determination of peroxide value (PV) and fatty acid composition of oil in-situ. In the study, plasmon-tuned and biocompatible Ag@Au core-shell nanoparticle-based SERS substrates were used to obtain optimum enhancement despite matrix interference to efficiently detect the oil components. The potent combination of SERS and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method could determine the fatty acid profile and PV with upto 99% accuracy. Moreover, the SERS-ANN method could quantify the low level of trans fats, i.e., < 2%, with 97% accuracy. Therefore, the developed algorithm-assisted SERS system enabled the sleek and rapid monitoring and on-site detection of oil oxidation.

Amino acid and anti-oxidant properties of functional Ogi derived of (Balanites aeqyptiaca. del) defatted meal, concentrate and hydrolysate

The need to promote functional food with potent antioxidant recipe on our table is another professional challenge now and of the future. This study unveiled the amino acid property and the anti -oxidant profile of functional Ogi derived from B. aeqyptiaca del proteins. The result showed that Arginine (7.50 %) and threonine (4.76 %) were high in DAM-Ogi .Cysteine (1.27 %) in PP-Ogi and histidine (3.50 %) in APCOgi, this is an indications that these samples are good anti -oxidants .The EAA (4.76 %), AAA (10.63 %),BCAA (22.77 %) HAA (46.53 %) and SCAA (3.23 %) were respectively high in PP-Ogi. DPPH (100 %), metal chelation (45 %) and ABTC (34.5 %) were high in DAM-Ogi, Superoxide radical scavenging activity (25 %) and FRAP (60 %) were high in APC sample while DPPH (100 %), metal chelation (44 %) and MDA (100 %) were also high in PP-Ogi. The PP-Ogi sample had better functional potentials, but total anti- oxidant ability (ABTS) was higher in DAM-Ogi sample. The excellent ability of DAM-Ogi and PP- Ogi as a better bio-functional mix, concludes that the use of DAM-Ogi based on process economy and PP-Ogi from B. aeqyptiaca seed could release potent bio -active ingredients that could aid metabolic cells and also quench metabolic free radical when consumed as functional Ogi mix because mixtures of anti- oxidants from plant derived foods are more advantageous than synthetic anti-oxidants.

The role of various preparation techniques and nickel loadings in ethanol steam reforming over mesoporous nanostructured Ni–Al2O3 catalysts

This study involved the preparation of Al2O3 support and Ni/Al2O3 catalysts through different methods such as mechanochemical, impregnation, and co-precipitation. These prepared samples were then assessed for their performance in the ethanol steam reforming (ESR) process. The results indicated that the 10Ni/Al2O3 catalyst, which was created using the impregnation method and exhibited a high BET surface area of 200.8 m2/g along with well-dispersed nickel, displayed exceptional performance in the ethanol steam reforming reaction. When compared to other catalysts, it exhibited greater activity and stability. A series of Ni/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared with nickel contents ranging from 2.5 to 20 wt%. The study showed that increasing the amount of nickel from 2.5 to 12.5 wt% led to a boost in the catalysts' ability to be reduced, which in turn resulted in improved catalytic performance. However, increasing the nickel content beyond 12.5 wt% led to a decline in catalytic performance. This decrease could be attributed to weaker Ni–Al2O3 interactions, an increase in particle size from 2.7 to 7.8 nm, and a significant reduction in the BET surface area from 198.3 m2/g to 166.4 m2/g. Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) profiles revealed that the carbon deposits on the catalyst's surface exhibited a whisker-like structure, and higher nickel contents correlated with increased oxidation peak temperatures and intensities. Moreover, the 12.5Ni/Al2O3 catalyst demonstrated remarkable stability over a 550-min reaction period. The study's findings indicated that as the Tcal. rose from 500 to 700 °C, the catalytic activity gradually lessened. The 12.5Ni/Al2O3 catalyst calcined at 500 °C, characterized by a small particle size and moderate Ni–Al2O3 interaction, exhibited the most favorable catalytic activity.

Using machine learning to construct TOMCAT model and occultation measurement-based stratospheric methane (TCOM-CH4) and nitrous oxide (TCOM-N2O) profile data sets

Abstract. Monitoring the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is crucial to improve our understanding of their climate impact. However, there are no long-term profile data sets of important GHGs that can be used to gain a better insight into the processes controlling their variations in the atmosphere. In this study, we apply corrections to chemical transport model (CTM) output based on profile measurements from two solar occultation instruments: the HALogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) and the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment – Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS). The goal is to construct long-term (1991–2021), gap-free stratospheric profile data sets, hereafter referred to as TCOM, for two important GHGs. To estimate the corrections that need to be applied to the CTM profiles, we use the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) regression model. For methane (TCOM-CH4), we utilize both HALOE and ACE satellite profile measurements from 1992 to 2018 to train the XGBoost model, while profiles from 2019 to 2021 serve as an independent evaluation data set. As there are no nitrous oxide (N2O) profile measurements for earlier years, we derive XGBoost-derived correction terms to construct TCOM-N2O profiles using only ACE-FTS profiles from the 2004–2018 time period, with profiles from 2019–2021 used for the independent evaluation. Overall, both TCOM-CH4 and TCOM-N2O profiles exhibit excellent agreement with the available satellite-measurement-based data sets. We find that compared to evaluation profiles, biases in TCOM-CH4 and TCOM-N2O are generally less than 10 % and 50 %, respectively, throughout the stratosphere. The daily zonal mean profile data sets, covering altitude (15–60 km) and pressure (300–0.1 hPa) levels, are publicly available via the following links: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7293740 for TCOM-CH4 (Dhomse, 2022a) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7386001 for TCOM-N2O (Dhomse, 2022b).

Adding cricket (Gryllus assimilis) flour in hybrid beef patties: physicochemical, technological and sensory challenges

SummaryThe effect of replacing partially lean meat (21.7% protein, 4.5% fat) with cricket (Gryllus assimilis) flour (CF) in the physicochemical, technological and sensory properties of beef patties was evaluated. Four formulations were elaborated, a control with 66% w/w of beef (FC) and the others with substitution of the meat at 10 (F10%), 15 (F15%) and 20% w/w (F20%) levels with CF. Analysis of chemical composition, shrinkage, cooking yield, moisture and fat retention, pH, colour, lipid oxidation (TBARS), texture and sensory profile (Acceptance test and CATA questions) were performed. An increase in fat content, moisture and fat retention was observed in products with cricket flour. Adding CF resulted in softer meat products with lower shrinkage and cooking loss. FC was lighter and redder than products with CF. TBARS values were higher as CF addition increased, with no difference among FC and F10%. FC and F10% had greater sensory acceptance (scores above 8.0 and 7.0 for overall liking, respectively). By the CATA test consumers linked FC and F10% with the descriptors associated with overall liking, such as burger aroma, meat aroma and juicy and F15% and F20% were associated with undesirable descriptors such strange and unpleasant aroma, bad and dry appearance, sandy and crumbly. The results showed that cricket flour could replace beef by a fraction of up to 10%, obtaining a hybrid meat product with appropriate technological and sensory characteristics.

The ameliorative effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles on chlorpyrifos induced hepatotoxicity in a rat model: Biochemical, molecular and immunohistochemical study

BackgroundChlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used insecticide that causes toxicity to living organisms through the production of free radicals. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) are a new antioxidant agent that has proved therapeutic effects. We evaluated the effect of CeO2NPs on CPF hepatotoxicity. MethodsForty rats were randomized into four groups. Group I: rats received 1 ml corn oil by gastric tube once daily and 0.5 ml PBS by intra-peritoneal injection twice a week for 4 weeks. Group II: received CeO2NPs 0.5 mg/kg in PBS by i.p. injection, twice weekly for four weeks. Group III: were treated with oral administration of CPF 13.5 mg/kg in corn oil daily for 4 weeks. Group IV: received CPF as in group III, then each animal received CeO2NPs twice weekly for four weeks as in group II. Twenty-four hours after the last dose, rats were anesthetized and sera were collected for liver enzymes assessment. Afterwards, rats were sacrificed, livers were excised, the right lobe of each liver was fixed for immunohistochemical studies, and the left lobe was homogenized for oxidative profile assessment and molecular analysis. ResultsCPF group showed significant increase in liver transaminases, disturbance of the oxidative profile with up-regulation of BAX expression and down-regulation in the Bcl-2, Gadd45 and NFE2L2. CPF caused severe histopathological liver damage as well as significant increase in anti-Caspase 3 and TNF immunostaining. The CeO2NPs treated group revealed significant improvement of all previous parameters. ConclusionCeO2NPs could alleviate CPF hepatoxicity through decreasing expression of the inflammatory and apoptotic proteins and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes.

Gene network analyses of Sepia esculenta larvae exposed to copper and cadmium: A comprehensive investigation of oxidative stress, immune response, and toxicological mechanisms

Copper (Cu) and Cadmium (Cd), prevalent heavy metals in marine environments, have known implications in oxidative stress, immune response, and toxicity in marine organisms. Sepia esculenta, a cephalopod of significant economic value along China's eastern coastline, experiences alterations in growth, mobility, and reproduction when subjected to these heavy metals. However, the specific mechanisms resulting from heavy metal exposure in S. esculenta remain largely uncharted. In this study, we utilized transcriptome and four oxidative, immunity, and toxicity indicators to assess the toxicological mechanism in S. esculenta larvae exposed to Cu and Cd. The measurements of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione S-Transferase (GST), and Metallothioneins (MTs) revealed that Cu and Cd trigger substantial oxidative stress, immune response, and metal toxicity. Further, we performed an analysis on the transcriptome data through Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis. Our findings indicate that exposure methods and duration influence the type and the extent of toxicity and oxidative stress within the S. esculenta larvae. We took an innovative approach in this research by integrating WGCNA and PPI network analysis with four significant physiological indicators to closely examine the toxicity and oxidative stress profiles of S. esculenta upon exposure to Cu and Cd. This investigation is vital in decoding the toxicological, immunological, and oxidative stress mechanisms within S. esculenta when subjected to heavy metals. It provides foundational insights capable of advancing invertebrate environmental toxicology and informs S. esculenta artificial breeding practices.

Protein turnover in pigs: A review of interacting factors.

Protein turnover defines the balance between two continuous and complex processes of protein metabolism, synthesis and degradation, which determine their deposition in tissues. Although the liver and intestine have been studied extensively for their important roles in protein digestion, absorption and metabolism, the study of protein metabolism has focused mainly on skeletal muscle tissue to understand the basis for its growth. Due to the high adaptability of skeletal muscle, its protein turnover is greatly affected by different internal and external factors, contributing to carcass lean-yield and animal growth. Amino acid (AA) labelling and tracking using isotope tracer methodology, together with the study of myofiber type profiling, signal transduction pathways and gene expression, has allowed the analysis of these mechanisms from different perspectives. Positive stimuli such as increased nutrient availability in the diet (e.g., AA), physical activity, the presence of certain hormones (e.g., testosterone) or a more oxidative myofiber profile in certain muscles or pig genotypes promote increased upregulation of translation and transcription-related genes, activation of mTORC1 signalling mechanisms and increased abundance of satellite cells, allowing for more efficient protein synthesis. However, fasting, animal aging, inactivity and stress, inflammation or sepsis produce the opposite effect. Deepening the understanding of modifying factors and their possible interaction may contribute to the design of optimal strategies to better control tissue growth and nutrient use (i.e., protein and AA), and thus advance the precision feeding strategy.

Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress markers in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression: A large-scale study

ObjectiveNumerous studies have demonstrated that neutrophil/HDL ratio (NHR), lymphocyte/HDL ratio (LHR), monocyte/HDL (MHR) ratio, platelet/HDL ratio (PHR), neutrophil/ALB ratio (NAR) and platelet/ALB ratio (PAR) can serve as systemic inflammation and oxidative stress markers in a variety of diseases. However, few studies have estimated the associations of these markers with unipolar depression (UD) and bipolar depression (BD), as well as psychotic symptoms in UD and BD. Methods6297 UD patients, 1828 BD patients and 7630 healthy subjects were recruited. The differences in these indicators among different groups were compared, and the influencing factors for the occurrence of UD or BD and psychotic symptoms were analyzed. ResultsThese ratios displayed unique variation patterns across different diagnostic groups. BD group exhibited higher NHR, LHR, MHR, NAR and lower PAR than UD and HC groups, UD group showed higher MHR than HC group. The psychotic UD group had higher NHR, LHR, MHR and NAR than non-psychotic UD group. Higher LHR, MHR, NAR and lower PAR were risk factors in BD when compared to UD group. ConclusionsOur study demonstrated differences in inflammation and oxidative stress profile between UD and BD patients, as well as between subjects with or without psychotic symptom exist, highlighting the role of inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of UD and BD.

Atherogenicity, Oxidative Stress, Heavy Metals and Bioelements Status in Hypertensive Nigerians in an Urban Population

Objectives: This study investigated levels of measured parameters; bio-elements (zinc, copper, selenium, chromium, and manganese), heavy metals (cadmium and lead), oxidative stress biomarkers (vitamin C, Vitamin E, reduced Glutathione-GSH and malondialdehyde-MDA) and lipid profile (cholesterol-CHOL, triglyceride- TG, high-density lipoprotein- HDL, low-density lipoprotein- LDL and VLDL) in primary hypertensive individuals.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: A total of 74 confirmed hypertensive individuals (30 males, 44 females) of 30-55 years (test subjects) and 46 (22males, 24 females) age-matched apparently healthy normotensive individuals (control) were involved in this study. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the concentrations of bio-elements and toxic metals while spectrophotometric methods were used for the concentrations of oxidative stress biomarkers and lipid fractions.&#x0D; Results: Comparative analysis between test and control subjects showed significantly reduced concentrations of vitamins C and E, GSH, the bio-elements, HDL and Zinc/Copper ratio. Significantly elevated concentrations of the toxic metals, MDA, CHOL, TG, LDL, and VLDL, the atherogenic indices- LDL/HDL, TC/HDL, and TG/HDL as well as Cadmium/ Zinc ratio. There was indirect association between the bio-elements and atherogenic lipid fractions but a direct correlation with HDL. Also, negative correlations were observed between the heavy metals and the antioxidants biomolecules.&#x0D; Conclusion: The concentrations of the measured bio-elements, vitamins C and E, GSH and HDL were significantly lower in hypertensive individuals while the levels of heavy metals, cholesterol, TG, LDL and MDA were significantly higher.

Nano-curcumin effects on nicotine dependence, depression, anxiety and metabolic parameters in smokers: A randomized double-blind clinical study

BackgroundSmoking is clearly associated with metabolic profiles/abnormalities, psychological dysfunction, and symptoms of nicotine dependence. Nano-Curcumin (Nano-CUR) is a medicinal herb with antianxiety, antioxidant antidepressant‐like effects, and anti-inflammatory properties. This RCT aimed to determine the therapeutic effects of Nano-CUR in smokers on clinical symptoms and metabolic parameters. MethodsThis trial was conducted on 70 participants with cigarette smoking. Smokers in two arms received soft gel capsules Nano-CUR 80 mg/daily for 3 months (n = 35) and placebo (n = 35), respectively. Primary outcomes (Nicotine dependence syndrome scale, depression, and anxiety beck score), and secondary outcomes (glycemic, lipid, stress oxidative, and inflammation profiles) were analyzed before and 3-months after the intervention in smokers. ResultsNano-CUR supplementation significantly decreased nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and C-reactive protein levels (P < 0.05), compared to the control. Furthermore, no significant effect change was shown in nicotine dependence syndrome, depression, anxiety, and other metabolic parameters (p > 0.05). ConclusionNano-CUR intake may have favorable effects on C-reactive protein, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide in subjects with cigarette smoking. More RCT are required to evaluate the effectiveness of Nano-CUR supplementations in smokers in order to reject or support these conclude.

CORRECTION OF THE METABOLOMIC PROFILE AND REDOX POTENTIAL IN PATIENTS WITH LOWER LIMB VARICOSE VEINS (CLASS C4 - C6) IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD

The present study evaluates the effectiveness of the use of sulodexin (SDX) and ozone therapy in the treatment of lower limb varicose veins (classes C4 to C6) based on the study of the dynamics of plasma biomarkers of oxidative homeostasis and metabolomic profile. In patients of the comparison group, changes in the TAC index in blood plasma tended to increase, however, we didn’t established any statistical significance for the entire period of the study: initially - 305.5 ± 18.6 nmol/ml, then 322.3±17.7 nmol/ml on the day 20 after SI (surgical intervention), and 341.6±18.2 nmol/ml (p=0.672) on day 45 after SI. On the contrary, patients of the main group, by the day 20 after SI, had an increase in TAC level from 305.5±18.6 nmol/ml to 365.9±18.1 nmol/ml (by 19.8% of the baseline, p=0.046 ). By the day 20 after SI, in patients of the comparison group, the SOD activity in blood plasma tended to increase from 10.8±1.8 U/ml to 13.1±1.5 U/ml (by 21.3% relative to the baseline), but no statistical significance was found (p=0.733). The proposed method of complex treatment proved to be effective in correcting oxidative homeostasis and cellular metabolomic profile in patients with LLVV (classes C4 to C6).

Impact of COVID-19 on sperm quality and the prostaglandin and polyamine systems in the seminal fluid.

The implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility remain largely unknown. Besides their well-known pro- and anti-inflammatory actions, prostaglandins and polyamines are present in semen, where they play key roles in sperm quality. To analyze semen parameters, oxidative profile and the seminal fluid prostaglandin and polyamine systems in samples collected from individuals without coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis and men who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019. This study compared semen collected from men without positive coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis with samples obtained from individuals 1-6 months and 7-30 months post SARS-CoV-2 infection. Semen parameters, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, cyclooxygenase 2 expression by fluorescence immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting, prostaglandin levels by enzyme immunoassay, ornithine decarboxylase activity by a radioactive assay, and polyamine and acetylated polyamine levels by thin-layer chromatography were assessed. In both groups of semen samples from coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men, sperm vitality, total and progressive sperm motility, and putrescine levels were significantly decreased when compared with samples from the uninfected group. In contrast, lipid peroxidation, leukocyte-associated cyclooxygenase 2 expression, and prostaglandin D2 levels were higher in semen from coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men than in samples from uninfected individuals. While sperm concentration and morphology, ornithine decarboxylase activity, and N-acetylputrescine levels were statistically diminished in semen obtained up to 6 months after coronavirus disease 2019 recovery, these parameters remained unchanged when samples were collected 7-30 months after coronavirus disease 2019 recovery. Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination did not show negative effects on any of the parameters evaluated. Our work provides insights into the detrimental impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on several sperm parameters, in some cases, even more than a year after SARS-CoV-2 infection, which would be accompanied by alterations in the seminal fluid prostaglandin and polyamine profiles. Therefore, future treatments targeting the prostaglandin and polyamine pathways in coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men could lead to a successful reinstatement of semen parameters.

Effects of Drying Methods on Chemical Composition, Lipid Oxidation, and Fatty Acid Profile of a Traditional Dried Meat Kaddid.

This work aimed to study the effect of three drying methods, namely sun-drying (SD) (T = 32 °C), continuous convective drying (CCD) (T = 35 ± 2 °C) and interval starting accessibility Drying (ISAD) (T = 35 ± 2 °C) with an active time of 30 s (ton) and a tempering time of 60 s (toff), on selected quality characteristics of a traditional dry-salted meat product known as "kaddid". The analyses of chemical composition, lipid oxidation and fatty acid profile of kaddid were carried out before and after 45 days of storage (t = 0 vs. t = 45) at ambient temperature. Chemical composition and lipid oxidation (TBARS) of kaddid were affected by the drying methods. The CCD samples showed the lowest level of lipid oxidation. Protein content was better preserved via the ISAD method (7.27 g/kg DM). The fatty acid profile revealed the lowest mono-unsaturated fatty acid content in the ISAD samples; however, no significant difference was observed between the drying processes for the total poly-unsaturated fatty acid content. The storage period led to a significant decrease in the SFA values of CCD and ISAD samples against an increase in the MUFA ones. ISAD appeared to be a promising drying mode with a lower effective drying time and a good product quality preservation.