Oxidation Technology Research Articles

Research on Low Concentration Gas Catalytic Oxidation Power Generation System

In response to the difficulties in direct utilization of low concentration gas in coal mines and the slow development of industrial application of catalytic oxidation technology, a new mode of direct utilization of low concentration gas with a methane concentration of 1.0% in coal mines in catalytic oxidation gas turbine power generation is explored. And based on the development of a 30kW low concentration gas catalytic oxidation gas turbine power generation system, this paper introduces the design process of key equipment such as catalytic oxidation burners, low-temperature and low-pressure turbines, and countercurrent regenerators, providing a technical reference for the utilization of low concentration gas catalytic oxidation.

Quantification of Byproduct Formation from Portable Air Cleaners Using a Proposed Standard Test Method.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, air cleaning technologies were promoted as useful tools for disinfecting public spaces and combating airborne pathogen transmission. However, no standard method exists to assess the potentially harmful byproduct formation from air cleaners. Through a consensus standard development process, a draft standard test method to assess portable air cleaner performance was developed, and a suite of air cleaners employing seven different technologies was tested. The test method quantifies not only the removal efficiency of a challenge chemical suite and ultrafine particulate matter but also byproduct formation. Clean air delivery rates (CADRs) are used to quantify the chemical and particle removal efficiencies, and an emission rate framework is used to quantify the formation of formaldehyde, ozone, and other volatile organic compounds. We find that the tested photocatalytic oxidation and germicidal ultraviolet light (GUV) technologies produced the highest levels of aldehyde byproducts having emission rates of 202 and 243 μg h-1, respectively. Additionally, GUV using two different wavelengths, 222 and 254 nm, both produced ultrafine particulate matter.

Effective Degradation of 1,4-Dioxane by UV-Activated Persulfate: Mechanisms, Parameters and Environmental Impacts

There is more and more research focusing on the removal of dioxane by advanced oxidation technology at this stage, and this study investigated the efficacy of an advanced oxidation system with UV-activated persulfate (UV/PDS). This method had the advantages of fast reaction rate, simple equipment and convenient operation. Free radical quenching test and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis showed that the main active radicals in the reaction system were SO4− and ·OH. This study also investigated that the optimal parameters were the initial PDS dosage of 3 mM, the UV intensity of 0.190 mM/cm2, the pH between 5 and 7 and the initial dioxane concentration of 50 mg/L. Additionally, after a reaction time of 150 min, the total organic carbon (TOC) content still remained at 83.53%, which revealed that the mineralization degree of organic matter was not fully achieved through UV/PDS treatment. The concentration of SO42− in the reaction system was 74.69 mg·L−1, which complied with the standard concentration specified. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the system exhibited an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease, under the influence of the intermediates. It showed that the technology could efficiently degrade organic pollutants.

A novel synthetic strategy of mesoporous Ti4O7-coated electrode for highly efficient wastewater treatment

Suboxidized titanium, as a promising anode for electrocatalytic oxidation reactions in wastewater treatment, presents a viable pathway to solve the challenging water pollution. However, current suboxidized titanium anodes are primarily fabricated hot pressing of by suboxidized titanium powders, further hampering their application in wastewater treatment due to high costs and complex shaping processes. To overcome these limitations, this work employs the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) technology to in-situ fabricate porous TiO2 coating precursors on commercial pure titanium substrates, followed by an annealing process to carefully reduce the TiO2 coatings with hydrogen gas, and finally achieving the cost-effective production of high-purity Magnéli phase Ti4O7-coated electrode. The obtained Ti4O7-coated electrodes exhibit a highly ordered granular structure, good crystallinity, wide electrochemical window, and low interfacial charge transfer resistance. Importantly, the Ti4O7-coated electrodes also offer a simple fabrication process, lower energy consumption, and reduced costs compared to advanced boron-doped diamond (BDD) and bulk Ti4O7 electrode. The electrochemical oxidation tests also demonstrate that Ti4O7-coated electrodes can achieve the complete degradation of 100 mg/L phenol within 240 minutes, exhibiting excellent catalytic activity and potential applications in wastewater treatment.

Ozone Strong Water Dosing as Optimized Ozonation Process for Micropollutants Reduction in Wastewater Treatment Plants

ABSTRACT Growing concern over potential ecotoxicological problems caused by micropollutants (MPs) in water has led to the application of adsorptive and oxidative advanced treatment technologies at European wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Direct dosage of gaseous ozone via diffusers or pump-injection systems is the most common large-scale process applied in water and wastewater treatment. Studies point out that MP removal may take place via the direct, very selective reaction with the ozone molecule as well as the indirect reaction with the very reactive but nonselective hydroxyl radicals. Several process parameters and set-ups may affect the MPs elimination and inhibit or even cause the formation of transformation products (TPs) such as bromate. This work compares an alternative ozone application procedure (the so-called ‘ozone strong water’ dosing – OSW) with standard systems regarding MP elimination, ozone consumption, reaction time, and required plant space. A full-scale OSW system was installed and operated at the WWTP Duisburg-Vierlinden. A significant reduction in the time required to achieve the maximum possible elimination was observed for all six MPs investigated, with a hydraulic reaction time of 8 min. According to a theoretical calculation, the reactor volume could be reduced by two-thirds of the installed volume.

Optimization of anodizing conditions and hole sealing treatments for enhanced anti-corrosion properties of magnesium alloys

To enhance the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys, an anti-corrosion composite film was prepared by combining anodic oxidation and sol-gel technology. Experimental results indicate that after anodization at 17.5V for 3 min, the composite film obtained through sealing with an MPTMS-modified sol exhibited significant improvements in physical properties. The thickness of the film reached 24.3 μm, its hardness was measured at 164.7 HV, and it demonstrated good surface uniformity. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the impedance modulus at low frequency (|Z| at 0.01 Hz) increased by nearly two orders of magnitude. Furthermore, this study thoroughly explores the corrosion protection mechanism of the composite film, highlighting the role of the sol-gel layer in occupying micro-pores and micro-cracks to form a denser and more uniform protective layer. The dual-layer protection provided by the combination of anodic oxidation and sol-gel layers significantly enhances the overall corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy.

Research progress of persulfate activation technology.

Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOPs) have been widely investigated by academia and industry due to their high efficiency and selectivity for the removal of trace organic pollutants from complex water substrates. PS-AOPs have been extensively studied for the degradation of pesticides, drugs, halogen compounds, dyes, and other pollutants. Utilizing bibliometric statistics, this review presents a comprehensive overview of persulfate-based advanced oxidation technology research over the past decade. The number of published articles about persulfate activation has steadily increased during this time, reflecting extensive international collaboration. Furthermore, this review introduces the most widely employed strategies for persulfate activation reported in the past 10years, including carbon material activation, photocatalysis, transition metal activation, electrochemical activation, ultrasonic activation, thermal activation, and alkali activation. Next, the potential activation mechanisms and influencing factors, such as persulfate dosage during activation, are discussed. Finally, the application of PS-AOPs in wastewater treatment and in situ groundwater treatment is examined. This review summarizes the previously reported experiences of persulfate-based advanced oxidation technology and presents the current application status of PS-AOPs in organic pollution removal, with the aim of avoiding misunderstandings and providing a solid foundation for future research on the removal of organic pollutants.

Comparative study of the degradation of meta-chloronitrobenzene by UV/hydrogen peroxide and UV/persulfate oxidation: Degradation pathways and toxicity

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) offer effective means to degrade recalcitrant contaminants, yet concerns about the formation of toxic products may hinder their practical application. This study compared the degradation of meta-chloronitrobenzene (mCNB) by UV-activated hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and persulfate (UV/PDS) oxidation. Both methods demonstrated efficient mCNB removal, with 73 % and 64 % removal observed, respectively, in 30 min at an oxidant dose of 1.0 mM. However, the products formed in the UV/PDS process exhibited higher toxicity compared to those formed in the UV/H2O2 process. This difference in toxicity arose from the distinct rection behavior of hydroxyl radical (HO•) and sulfate radical (SO4•−), the principal reactive species in UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes, respectively. HO• mainly attacked mCNB via an addition mechanism, forming hydroxylated products in UV/H2O2. In contrast, SO4•− reacted with mCNB via single-electron transfer, forming a radical cation (mCNB•+). This radical cation underwent rapid dissociation or hydrolysis to 3-chrolophenol (3CP) and 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol (2C4NP), respectively. Subsequent oxidation of 2C4NP by SO4•− generated a phenoxyl radical. The coupling of mCNB•+ or phenoxyl radical with a nitrogen dioxide radical (NO2•) derived from mCNB denitration, leading to the generation of more toxic dinitro-products. We assume these findings can be extrapolated to the treatment of other nitroaromatic compounds. SO4•−-based oxidation technologies tend to generate more polynitrated byproducts than HO•-based oxidation technologies, thus posing a greater potential risk. This consideration should guide the selection of appropriate treatment technologies for these contaminates.

Understanding the pivotal role of ubiquitous Yellow River suspend sediment in efficiently degrading metronidazole pollutants in water environments

Sulfite-based advanced oxidation technology has received considerable attention for its application in organic pollutants elimination. However, the potential of natural sediments as effective catalysts for sulfite activation has been overlooked. This study investigates a novel process utilizing suspended sediment/sulfite (SS/S(IV)) for degradation of metronidazole (MNZ). Our results demonstrate that MNZ degradation efficiency can reach to 93.1 % within 90 min with 12.0 g SS and 2.0 mM sulfite. The influencing environmental factors, including initial pH, SS dosage, S(IV) concentration, temperature, and co-existing substances were systematically investigated. Quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance analyses results indicate that SO3•− is the primary active substance responsible for MNZ degradation, with involvement of SO4•−, SO5•−, and •OH. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Mössbauer spectra reveal that Fe (III)-silicates play a crucial role in activating S(IV). Furthermore, analysis of degradation intermediates and pathways of MNZ is conducted using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC -MS). The toxicity of MNZ and its intermediates were also systematically evaluated by the T.E.ST. program and wheat seeds germination test. This study offers valuable insight into the activation of sulfite by natural sediments and could contribute to the development of SS-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the in-situ remediation of antibiotics-contaminated water environments.

Kinetic model-based optimization in electro-activated sulfite system for carbamazepine degradation: Aeration and multiple dosages of sulfite

Electro-activated sulfite system (E-SO32−) was an emerging advanced oxidation technology, but its kinetics and process optimization have been overlooked. This study developed a first-principle kinetic model to investigate carbamazepine (CBZ) degradation and optimized this process by aeration and multiple dosages of SO32−. A low aeration rate (140 mL/min) remarkably accelerated sulfate radical (SO4•−) generation because of the enhanced rate of sulfite radical (SO3•−) reacting with oxygen. Thus, the degradation efficiency of CBZ improved from 71 % to 84 % and the electrical energy per order (EE/O) decreased from 4.55 to 2.32 kWh/m3/order at current density of 103 A/m2 and initial dosage of SO32− of 4 mM. However, further increasing the aeration rate diminished the enhancement of SO4•− generation rate due to the limited SO3•− generation, and excessive aeration resulted in decreased degradation efficiency and increased cost of aeration due to the direct oxidation of SO32− by oxygen. Consequently, matching of SO32− concentration, current density and aeration rate was crucial to maximize the generation rate of SO4•−. The most optimal strategy was at current density of 75 A/m2, aeration rate of 100 mL/min and SO32− concentration of 1.1 mM with multiple dosages. 95 % of CBZ was removed in 20 min, 18 % higher than that in single dosage. Finally, the optimal strategy for CBZ degradation was successfully applied in different water matrixes and real wastewater and well predicted by the kinetic model. Furthermore, degradation pathways of CBZ, including hydroxylation and deamidation, were elucidated from density functional theory and LC-MS detection. The toxicity of most intermediates decreased, while some intermediates possessed higher toxicity than CBZ. Overall, the firstly proposed combined strategy of aeration and multiple dosages of SO32− significantly facilitated the application of E-SO32− system in contaminants degradation.

PFAS degradation by anodic electrooxidation: Influence of BDD electrode configuration and presence of dissolved organic matter

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pose substantial environmental and human health risks. Electrochemical oxidation technology is a promising large-scale solution for PFAS degradation due to its simplicity and minimal waste generation. This study investigated the electrochemical performance of boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes in degrading PFAS using a recirculation cell with plate and mesh electrodes. The study found that increasing the current density from 6.4 mA/cm2 to 40 mA/cm2 resulted in a transition of the reaction rate from pseudo-first-order toward zero-order kinetics. The stepwise degradation mechanism and the formation of intermediate products were also explored. Carbon and fluorine molar balance analysis revealed that the missing intermediates do not contain fluoride atoms in their molecular formula. The shape and surface of the electrodes had a significant impact on their performance, in particular, improving the degradation of the most recalcitrant perfluorobutanoic acid. The influence of different fractions of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on perfluorohexanoic acid degradation shows that overall, DOM does not significantly inhibit its degradation. Some inhibition was observed in the presence of DOM enriched in carbohydrates, organics that are known to exert strong interaction properties with organic and inorganic surfaces. The synergistic effect of direct anodic oxidation and indirect degradation by reactive radical species enables the decomposition of both DOM and PFAS. Finally, high removal percentages of short (up to 96 %) and long-chain PFAS (up to 99 %) were obtained using BDD electrooxidation cells combining plate and mesh electrodes when treating reverse osmosis concentrate containing PFAS.

Ultrasound enhanced in-situ chemical oxidation for leaching Ag from zinc leaching residue and response surface optimization

Zinc leaching residue is the important source of silver due to its high silver content. The traditional leaching process of silver from zinc leaching residue has shortcomings such as higher acid or ammonium concentration, resulting in strong corrosion and serious pollution. Here developed an acid-free in-situ chemical oxidation technology using ultrasound enhanced persulfate to leach Ag from zinc leaching residue. The effects of leaching temperature, leaching time, sodium persulfate concentration, liquid–solid ratio, and ultrasonic power on the leaching efficiency of Ag were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the maximum leaching efficiency of silver reaches 91.09 %. The leaching efficiency is higher than that without ultrasound. Kinetic analysis revealed that the activation energy of ultrasound enhanced leaching process is 65.23 kJ/mol, and the leaching process is controlled by chemical reactions. The ultrasound enhanced leaching process can reduce the activation energy of the reaction. Response surface methodology was employed to identify significant factors influencing the efficiency of Ag, which were found that sodium persulfate concentration and ultrasonic power were the most important factors. In addition, the developed method has a certain leaching effect on transition metals and is a potential solution to recover transition metals from secondary resources.

Mechanistic insights into methane total oxidation over Cu/Hydroxyapatite catalyst synthesized with β-Cyclodextrin assistance

The total oxidation of methane (CH4), a highly stable alkane volatile organic compound (VOC), using low-cost Cu-based catalysts, has garnered considerable attention. Nonetheless, challenges such as Cu particle agglomeration and the lack of consensus on mechanism of CH4 total oxidation over Cu-based catalysts remain. In this work, β-cyclodextrin (βCD) was introduced during Cu/hydroxyapatite catalyst (βCD-Cu/HAP) preparation, and its catalytic performance in CH4 total oxidation was compared with the Cu/HAP catalyst. Both materials were prepared using the wet impregnation method and thoroughly characterized. It was found that utilization of βCD, which decomposed during calcination, led to smaller Cu particle size (from 61 to 34 nm) and better Cu dispersion (from 1.9 to 3.5 %), resulting in an enhancement of the catalyst reduction properties. Additionally, the βCD-Cu/HAP catalyst possessed a higher oxygen storage capacity, demonstrating its superior ability to replenish the oxygen vacancies. The βCD-Cu/HAP catalyst activity was double that of the original Cu/HAP catalyst with a 20kJmol-1 lower activation energy, as determined by fitting the initial reaction rate to a power-law model. Further, Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH), Eley–Rideal (ER), and Mars–van Krevelen (MVK) type rate expressions were regressed to the experimental data. After statistical and physico-chemical assessments, the MVK mechanism involving two oxidized sites and one reduced site with H2O adsorption on oxidized sites was identified as the most appropriate model for describing the experimental data. These findings offer an enhanced understanding of CH4 total oxidation, guiding the development of efficient, low-cost catalysts for this reaction. Environmental ImplicationVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) pose significant environmental and health issues due to their toxicity and widespread sources. Among VOCs, alkane contribute to a large proportion of the VOCs emitted, with light alkanes being particularly challenging to mitigate due to their high stability. Methane, the most stable light alkanes, is the focus of this study. Catalytic oxidation technology offers a promising solution for VOC mitigation. In our work, we conducted a mechanistic investigation of methane total oxidation, aiming at deepening our understanding of catalytic oxidation of light alkanes, thereby contributing to substantial environmental benefits.

Influence of graphene on corrosion properties of micro arc oxidation coatings on 7075 aluminum alloy

AbstractThis study uses 7075 aluminum alloy as the base material and employs micro arc oxidation technology to prepare ceramic coatings with different concentrations of graphene particles on the surface of the 7075 aluminum alloy. The effects of graphene particle concentration on micro arc oxidation behavior and coating performance were investigated through X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, electrochemical testing, and other performance characterization methods. The research results show that the addition of graphene particles helps to promote the transformation of metastable γ‐Al2O3 to stable α‐Al2O3, thereby enhancing the corrosion properties of the coating. When the concentration of graphene particles is 3 g/L, the prepared micro arc oxidation coating has the maximum thickness and hardness, which are 17.13 µm and 886.76 HV0.3, respectively, while the porosity and roughness are the smallest, which are .39 µm and 4.79%, respectively. Electrochemical test results show that the self‐corrosion current density is the smallest at this concentration, which is 2.323 × 10−9A/cm2. Therefore, the addition of graphene particles can effectively improve the corrosion properties of 7075 aluminum alloy.

Novel collector design and optimized photo-fenton model for sustainable industry textile wastewater treatment

Textile industry wastewater containing toxic dyes and high COD poses environmental hazards and requires treatment before discharge. This study addresses the challenge of treating complex textile wastewater using a novel integrated system. The system combines sedimentation, screening, adsorption, and an optimized solar photo-Fenton process to provide a sustainable treatment solution. A novel parabolic collector with a larger absorber tube diameter enhances solar radiation utilization at lower catalyst concentrations. This design is versatile, treating all types of wastewaters, especially those that contain colors, smells, solid and suspended materials, in addition to its importance for the treatment of difficult substances that may be present in industrial and sewage wastewaters that are difficult to dispose of by traditional treatment methods. Multivariate experiments optimized key photo-Fenton parameters (pH, catalyst dose, etc.) achieving significant pollutant removal (85% COD, 82% TOC, complete color) under specific conditions (pH 3, 0.2 g/L Fe(II), 1 mL/L H2O2, 40 °C and 100 L/h flow rate after 60 min irradiation). Kinetic modeling revealed second-order reaction kinetics, and multivariate regression analysis led to the development of models predicting treatment efficiency based on process factors. The key scientific contributions are the integrated system design combining conventional and advanced oxidation technologies, novel collector configuration for efficient utilization of solar radiation, comprehensive process optimization through multivariate experiments, kinetic modeling and predictive modeling relating process factors to pollutant degradation. This provides an economical green solution for textile wastewater treatment and reuse along with useful design guidelines. The treatment methodology and modeling approach make valuable additions for sustainable management of textile industry wastewater.

Constructing efficient Ti4O7/PbO2 heterostructured photoelectrode for water remediation

Photoelectrocatalytic oxidation (PEC) technology is considered to be an efficient process for the treatment of organic wastewater, and its performance depends on the characteristics of the PEC photoanodes. Therefore, the construction of heterogeneous nanostructured photoelectrodes based on suitable semiconductor materials for fast induced carrier transfer efficiency is essential for a high-performance PEC technique. Herein, titanium suboxide/lead (IV) oxide (Ti4O7/PbO2) ceramic photoelectrode with efficient PEC performance was synthesized by coupling PbO2 nanospheres with Ti4O7 through a hydrothermal method. To maximize the PEC performance of the ceramic electrodes, the Ti4O7/PbO2 nano-heterostructures were optimized by modulating the hydrothermal temperature. The optimized ceramic electrodes possessed a low Tafel slope, a low charge-transfer resistance and a good photocurrent response. Ti4O7/PbO2-110 exhibited an efficient PEC activity (approximately 92.21%) for the degradation of reactive brilliant blue KN-R. The efficient PEC performance of Ti4O7/PbO2-110 arose from the formation of a type II heterojunction between Ti4O7 and PbO2, which achieved efficient photogenerated carrier separation and facilitated the formation of intermediate active species. This work not only validates the efficient performance of Ti4O7/PbO2-110 for PEC water purification but also provides a reference strategy for the preparation of heterostructured ceramic photoelectrodes with a high PEC efficiency.

Catalytic Oxidation of BTX (Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene) Using Metal Oxide Perovskites

AbstractThe high toxicity, volatility, and dispersion of the light aromatics, benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) pose a serious threat to the environment and human health. Compared to incineration, catalytic oxidation technologies for BTX removal offer benefits such as low energy consumption, high efficiency, and low pollution. ABO3–type perovskite catalysts (ABO3–PCs) are particularly promising materials for the catalytic oxidation of BTX due to their high activity and thermal stability, as well as their adjustable elemental composition and flexible structure allowing their properties to be improved. Nonetheless, the full potential of ABO3–PCs for the oxidation of BTX has yet to be reached. This review systematically and critically analyses progress in the catalytic oxidation of BTX by ABO3–PCs. Catalytic performance is assessed for each category of perovskite, including non–doped, doped (A–, B–, or A/B–site doped), and loading type (noble metal, metal oxide, and matrix composite), with structure–activity relationships are established. A kinetic model and proposed mechanism for the catalytic oxidation of BTX are also presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of ABO3–PCs applied to BTX oxidation and other reactions are highlighted.

Photocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde under visible light using BiVO4-TiO2 synthesized via ultrasonic blending.

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is one of the primary indoor air pollutants, and efficiently eliminating it, especially at low concentrations, remains challenging. In this study, BiVO4-TiO2 catalyst was developed using ultrasonic blending technology for the photocatalytic oxidation of low-level indoor HCHO. The crystal structure, surface morphology, element distribution, and active oxidation species of the catalyst were examined using XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-Vis, EDS, and ESR techniques. Our results demonstrated that the BiVO4-TiO2 catalyst, prepared by ultrasonic blending, exhibited good oxidation performance and stability. The HCHO concentration reduced from 1.050 to 0.030mg/m3 within 48h, achieving a removal rate of 97.1%. The synergy between BiVO4 and TiO2 enhanced the efficiency of separating photogenerated carriers and minimized the likelihood of recombination between photogenerated electrons and holes. Additionally, this synergy significantly enhanced the presence of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) on the catalyst, resulting in an oxidation performance superior to that of either BiVO4 or TiO2. Our research offers valuable insights for the development of new photocatalysts to address HCHO pollution.

Formation of ceramic coatings on non-valve metal low carbon steel using micro-arc oxidation technology

Valve metals are metals that can undergo surface modification through micro-arc oxidation (MAO). Iron is not considered a valve metal and cannot undergo MAO. Steel is a widely used alloy due to its excellent properties, including high toughness, good workability, and low cost. However, its weak corrosion and abrasion resistance limit its range of application and service life. Al2O3 ceramic coating is formed on the surface of non-valve metal low carbon steel using MAO technology. The surface morphology and composition of the MAO coatings on non-valve metals are investigated through characterization. Tribological experiments show that the coefficient of friction of the samples obtained from the MAO power supply frequency of 1400 Hz is the smallest. After conducting a corrosion resistance test following MAO treatment, the impedance increased by three orders of magnitude and the corrosion rate decreased by one order of magnitude. The use of MAO treatment can expand the use of steel and shows promise for application to other non-valve metals.

Potassium peroxoborate: A sustained-released reactive oxygen carrier with enhanced PAHs contaminated soil remediation performance

Seeking for a safe, efficient, inexpensive, and eco-friendly oxidizer is always a big challenge for in-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) technology. This study adopted the potassium peroxoborate (PPB), a novel peroxide, for soil remediation for the first time. PPB based chemical oxidation system (PPB-CO) could efficiently degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) without other reagents added, reaching 72.1 %, 64.2 %, and 50.0 % removal rates for naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene after 24 h reaction, respectively. The superior total PAHs removal efficiency (60.6 %) was 3.6–4.7 times higher than that of other commercial peroxides (2Na2CO3•3H2O, CaO2, and H2O2). Mechanism analysis revealed that varieties of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be generated by PPB through Fenton-like or non-Fenton routines, including H2O2, perborates species, O2•−, •OH, and 1O2. The sustainable generation of H2O2 reduced the disproportionation effect of H2O2 by 86 %, significantly improving the utilization rate. Moreover, sandbox experiments and actual contaminated soil remediation experiments verified the feasibility of PPB-CO in a real polluted site. This work provides a novel strategy for effectively soil remediation, highlighting the selection and application of new oxidants.