Oxidative Profile Research Articles

Effect of mineral-vitamin premix supplementation on behavioral, performance, hormonal, oxidative stress, and serum biochemical profiles on rutting male Camelus dromedarius in Egypt.

The rutting period imposes a stressful condition on male camels, which results in elevated serum cortisol levels and alterations in their sexual behavior. Therefore, the current work was carried out to investigate the effect of mineral-vitamin premix supplementation on behavior, reproductive performance, hormones, serum oxidative stress profile, and other serum biochemical parameters of Camelus dromedarius during the breeding season. Fourteen mature, fertile male Camelus dromedarius were divided into two groups, a control group (n = 7) and a mineral-vitamin premix group (n = 7). The present study lasted for 95 days during the rutting period (1st February to 5th May). Each camel in the premix group received a daily diet of 50 g of mineral-vitamin premix throughout the whole rutting period, during which the frequencies and durations of the following behaviors: maintenance, posture, aggressiveness, and sexual activity were collected every 20 min. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected. Results revealed that the premix group showed higher (P < 0.05) maintenance (feeding and rumination), standing, and overall sexual desire-related behavior frequency, besides more times (P < 0.001) for rumination, standing, walking, and lying while showing lower (P < 0.001) frequencies of overall aggressive behaviors than the control group. The serum concentration of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, cortisol, blood glucose, and urea evidenced a significant decrease in the premix group compared with the control one, while significantly elevated levels of reduced glutathione, testosterone, total antioxidant capacity, triiodothyronine, and thyroxin, total protein, albumin, globulin, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium were recorded in the premix group in comparison with the control. It could be concluded that daily dietary supplementation of 50 g of mineral-vitamin premix to male camels during the breeding season is necessary to overcome the oxidative stress and serum cortisol concentration with a subsequent decrease in aggressive behavior and improvement to testosterone level in blood, body condition score and body weight gain.

Pro-Atherogenic and Pro-Oxidant Diets Influence Semen and Blood Traits of Rabbit Bucks.

Many dietary factors can affect sperm traits. We compared the effect of diets rich in pro-oxidant (flaxseed oil) and pro-atherogenic (coconut oil) substances without added antioxidants on semen traits, using the rabbit as an animal model. Thirty rabbit bucks (8 months old) were fed three diets for 150 days: CNT (control) a standard diet; HA (high-atherogenic) standard diet + 3% coconut oil, and HO (high-oxidizing) standard diet + 3% flaxseed oil. Semen samples were collected weekly for the evaluation of qualitative traits (kinetics, viability) and the oxidative damage (MDA and cytokines). Blood was collected at the start (T0) and end (T8) of the experimental period for the assessment of the oxidative damage (MDA and isoprostanoids), lipid profile, and testosterone. A worsening of sperm kinetics and viability was recorded in the HA group. Lipid oxidation in seminal plasma, as well as isoprostanoids in blood (F3-IsoPs and F4-NeuroPs), increased in both the HO and HA groups. A high level of TNF-α, a marker of inflammatory status, was recorded in the seminal plasma of the HA group. The resulting outcomes were mainly attributable to the different fatty acid profiles (SFA vs. PUFA) of the diets, which modulated an inflammatory/oxidative response.

Influence of diabetes mellitus on the pathological profile of aortic stenosis: a sex-based approach

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) accelerates the progression of aortic stenosis (AS), but how their underlying molecular mechanisms interact is not clear. Moreover, whether DM contributes to clinically relevant sex-differences in AS is unknown. In this work we aim to characterize the sex-specific profile of major pathological mechanisms fundamental to aortic valve (AV) degeneration in AS patients with or without concomitant DM.Methods283 patients with severe AS undergoing surgical valve replacement (27.6% DM, 59.4% men) were recruited. Expression of pathological markers related to AS were thoroughly assessed in AVs and valve interstitial cells (VICs) according to sex and presence of DM. Complementary in vitro experiments in VICs in the presence of high-glucose levels (25 mM) for 24, 48 and 72 h were performed.ResultsOxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction markers were increased in AVs from diabetic AS patients compared to non-diabetic patients in both sexes. However, disbalanced oxidative stress and enhanced inflammation were more predominant in AVs from male AS diabetic patients. Osteogenic markers were exclusively increased in the AVs of diabetic women. Basal characterization of VICs confirmed that oxidative stress, inflammation, calcification, and metabolic alteration profiles were increased in diabetic VICs with sex-specific differences. VICs cultured in hyperglycemic-like conditions triggered inflammatory responses in men, whereas in women rapid and higher production of pro-osteogenic molecules.ConclusionsDM produces sex-specific pathological phenotypes in AV of AS patients. Importantly, women with diabetes are more prone to develop AV calcification. DM should be considered as a risk factor in AS especially in women.

Self-fermented agro-wastes as antioxidant enriched maize grain replacer for sustainable animal feeding

Piles of agro-wastes resulting from quantum agro-industrial growth can be best utilized as animal feed, reducing envionmental impact by 50–95% depending on their nutritive value. However, palatability issues have limited their use, which can be addressed by combining them based on their nutritional value. Thus present three-phase study aimed to utilize these waste materials as animal feed by utilizing a self-fermentation approach. Six combinations of apple pomace (AP), spent mushroom compost (SMC) and wheat straw were self-fermented and analysed for quality in phase-I. Phase-II assessed the best combination obtained from phase-I as an antioxidant-enriched maize replacer (AEMR) by replacing maize (0–32%) in total mixed ration (TMR) under in-vitro ruminal conditions and two best TMR were assessed for nutrient utilization under metabolic trial. In phase-III, the three-month feeding effect of AEMR on the overall growth performance of male Gaddi goat kids was assessed. Findings showed that 85:7.5:7.5 proportion had optimal pH (3.92), significantly higher lactic acid (5.29 g 100−1 g DM), water soluble carbohydrates (2.29 g 100−1 g DM) and oxidative and microbial stability (Lactobacillus: 8.38 log10 cfu g−1). Fermentation also resulted in significant increase in antioxidant activities. AEMR exhibited a significant reduction in CH4 and NH3–N and higher volatile fatty acid production under in-vitro conditions at 32% level with no adverse effects on nutrient utilization. AEMR feeding also exhibited significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and serum lipid and oxidative profiles. In conclusion, AP and SMC in combined form can be utilized as an AEMR through self-fermentation at 32% level in TMR which may serve as a promising and sustainable approach for reducing environmental footprints and boosting eco-friendly livestock production.

Macrocyclic lactone based tri-model therapy to treat humpsore in cattle under humid tropical island ecosystem

Humpsore is a chronic parasitic dermatitis in bovine species; induces severe economic losses to the dairy farmers. Various therapeutic methodologies were tried to treat humpsore in the past; however, they were partially effective against humpsore. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the effect of tri-model therapy [macrocyclic lactone; Ivermectin, a piperazine derivative; diethylcarbamazine citrate (DECC) and an herbal ointment; Himax™] on treatment of humpsore in Andaman and Nicobar islands. Thirty‐six cattle (n=36 affected) were selected and divided into Gr 1: control (infected without treatment; n=18) and Gr 2: treatment group (infected with treatment; ivermectin, DECC and Himax, n=18) in South Andaman district. In Gr 2, treatment to the ailing animals was given for 45 days. Physiological profiles, hematological profiles, biochemical profiles [total protein, TP; albumin, AL; globulin, GL; creatinine, CR; glucose, GLU; total cholesterol, CHO and urea, URE], liver functional enzymes [aspartate aminotransferase, AST; alanine aminotransferase, ALT and alkaline phosphatase, ALP], mineral profiles, oxidative stress profiles [total antioxidant capacity, TAC; superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT and malondialdehyde, MDA] and cortisol were estimated on day 30 of post treatment. Lesion was significantly reduced in day 15 of post‐treatment and completely healed on day 45 of post‐treatment in Gr 2. Physiological profiles, liver functional enzymes, urea, total white blood cell count, differential cell counts, MDA and cortisol were reduced significantly and blood profiles, biochemical profiles, mineral profiles and antioxidant profiles were increased significantly in tri-model therapy treated animals. Therefore, it can be concluded that tri‐model therapy is suitable to treat humpsore in dairy animals.

Kaempferol Enhances Sperm Post-Thaw Survival by Its Cryoprotective and Antioxidant Behavior

This study examined the effects of three selected doses of kaempferol (KAE; 12.5, 25 or 50 μM) on bovine sperm motility and oxidative profile directly related to cold storage. We also elucidated the effect of KAE on the expression profiles of heat shock proteins (HSPs) 70 and 90 as well as the pro-apoptotic BCL2-associated X (BAX) protein and the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein. Frozen samples supplemented with KAE were compared with a native control (fresh spermatozoa) and a cryopreserved control, frozen in the absence of KAE. Our results demonstrate that the administration of all KAE doses led to a higher degree of sperm motility (p &lt; 0.05) when compared with the cryopreserved control. The highest levels of protection of sperm DNA (p &lt; 0.05), lipids (p &lt; 0.05) and proteins (p &lt; 0.05) were detected in samples exposed to 25 μM KAE when compared with samples frozen without KAE. Administration of 25 μM KAE led to a significant increase in HSP70 and HSP90 (p &lt; 0.05) when compared with the unsupplemented frozen control. No significant differences were observed in the expression patterns of BAX; however, a significant up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein was observed in the frozen samples enriched with 25 μM KAE when compared with the cryopreserved control (p &lt; 0.05). In summary, we may consider KAE as an effective agent in stabilizing the sperm membranes by preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in the mitochondria and subsequent oxidative damage to molecules critical for a proper sperm architecture and function. These protective properties of KAE may lead to higher post-thaw sperm activity and viability.

Vitamin B12 reversed anxiety and depression induced by adolescent nicotine withdrawal through alteration the inflammatory, oxidative and serotoninergic profiles in male rats

BackgroundThe present study aims to assess the effect of vitamin B12 (Vit B12) on depression-like behavior caused by nicotine (Nic) withdrawal, which is more likely due to the anxiogenic effect of Nic in adolescent male rats, through assessing behavioral and biochemical analysis. MethodsAdolescent male rats were divided into vehicle (received normal saline), and experimental groups that received Nic (2 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) for three consecutive weeks and after that, the group that received normal saline was divided into two groups, one of which returned to a regular diet, and the second one received Vit B12 (1.5 mg/kg). The Nic group was divided into five groups, one of which received bupropion (Bup, 20 mg/kg), three of which received different doses of Vit B12 (0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/kg), and the last one returned to a normal diet without treatment, which was considered as the withdrawal period. ResultsBehavioral analysis showed that Nic withdrawal induced anxiety and depression. Vit B12 and Bup reduced anxiety and depression induced by Nic withdrawal. The biochemical analysis demonstrated the more activity of oxidative stress factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines in which Nic was administered, whereas both Vit B12 and Bup reversed the results and improved the activity of both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory parameters. Furthermore, both serum and cortical Vit B12 levels dramatically decreased in nicotine group, whereas treatment with both Vit B12 and Bup as desirable treatments corrected Vit B12 levels. ConclusionAccording to the present findings, the results revealed that Vit B12 is comparable with Bup in attenuation of Nic withdrawal symptoms. In addition, both Bup and Vit B12 improved the decreased serum and cortical levels of Vit B12, which caused by nicotine. Administration of Vit B12 in normal animals demonstrated better results in reducing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory parameters, which explores new hope to introduce Vit B12 as a novel antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent to treat not only withdrawal, but also other diseases related to the prominent role of oxidative stress or inflammatory pathways, such as Alzheimer’s disease.

Pathogenomics model for personalized medicine in cervical cancer: Cross-talk of gene expressions and pathological images related to oxidative stress.

An increasing number of studies have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the development and progression of cancer. Cervical cancer (CC) is a disease of unique complexity that tends to exhibit high heterogeneity in molecular phenotypes. We aim here to characterize molecular features of cervical cancer by developing a classification system based on oxidative stress-related gene expression profiles. In this study, we obtained gene expression profiling data for cervical cancer from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) (GSE44001) databases. Oxidative stress-related genes used for clustering were obtained from GeneCards. Patients with cervical cancer were divided into two subtypes (C1 and C2) by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) classification. By performing Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, differential expression analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) between the two subtypes, we found that subtype C2 had a worse prognosis and was highly enriched for immune-related pathways as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways. Subsequently, we performed metabolic pathway analysis, gene mutation landscape analysis, immune microenvironment analysis, immunotherapy response analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis of the two isoforms. The results showed that the isoforms were significantly different between metabolic pathway enrichment and the immune microenvironment, and the chromosomes of subtype C1 were more unstable. In addition, we found that subtype C2 tends to respond to treatment with anti-CTLA4 agents, a conclusion that coincides with high chromosomal variation in C1, as well as C2 enrichment of immune-related pathways. Then, we screened 10 agents that were significantly susceptible to C2 subtype. Finally, we constructed pathogenomics models based on pathological features and linked them to molecular subtypes. This study establishes a novel CC classification based on gene expression profiles of oxidative stress-related genes and elucidates differences between immune microenvironments between CC subtypes, contributing to subtype-specific immunotherapy and drug therapy.

Evaluation of oxidative status, potassium, magnesium, and lipid profile in serum of patients with β-thalassemia major, Thi-Qar, Iraq.

Evaluation of oxidative status, potassium, magnesium, and lipid profile in serum of patients with β-thalassemia major, Thi-Qar, Iraq.

Evaluation of oxidative status, potassium, magnesium, and lipid profile in serum of patients with β-thalassemia major, Thi-Qar, Iraq.

Evaluation of oxidative status, potassium, magnesium, and lipid profile in serum of patients with β-thalassemia major, Thi-Qar, Iraq.

Cardioprotective effect of tetra(aniline) containing terpolymers through miR-15a-5p and MFN-2 regulation against hypertrophic responses

ObjectiveCardiac hypertrophy is a condition of abnormal cardiomyocyte enlargement accompanied by ventricular wall thickening. The study aims to investigate the role of miR-15a-5p in the regulation of mitofusin-2 (MFN-2) and to explore the cardioprotective effect of terpolymers ES-37 and L-37. MethodsIn this study, the Sprague Dawley rats’ cardiac hypertrophic model was established by administering 5 mg/kg Isoproterenol subcutaneously every other day for 14 days. As treatment rats received NAC (50 mg/kg), NAC treatment (50 mg/kg NAC + 5 mg/kg ISO), ES-37 (1 mg/kg) and ES-37 treatment (1 mg/kg ES-37+5 mg/kg ISO), L-37 (1 mg/kg) and L-37 treatment (1 mg/kg L-37+5 mg/kg ISO). subcutaneously every other day for 14 days. NAC, ES 37 and L-37 were given after 1 h of Isoproterenol administration in treatment groups. Cardiac hypertrophy was confirmed through morphological and histological analysis. For estimation of oxidative stress profiling, ROS and TBARS and antioxidative profiling superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase, and Glutathione (GSH) levels were checked. Triglyceride, cholesterol, alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) were performed to evaluate levels of lipid profiling and liver profiling. Molecular expression analysis was checked through real-time PCR, and western blotting both at the transcriptional and translational levels. Molecular docking studies were performed to study the interactions and modes of binding between the synthetic polymers with three proteins (Mitofusin-2, DRP-1 and PUMA). All the studies were carried out using the AutoDock Vina software and the protein-ligand complexes were visualized in Biovia Discovery Studio.Cardiac hypertrophy was confirmed by the relative changes in the cellular structure of the heart by histopathological examination and physiological changes by estimating organ weights. Biochemical profiling results depict elevated oxidative and lipid profiles signify myocardial damage. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), ES-37, and L-37 overcome the cardiac hypertrophic responses through attenuating oxidative stress and enhancing the antioxidative signaling mechanism. miR-15a-5p was identified as hypertrophic microRNA directly regulating the expression of Mitofusin-2 (MFN-2). Significantly increased expression of miR-15a-5p, Dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1), and P53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), was observed in the disease group, whereas MFN-2 expression was observed downregulated. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), ES-37, and L-37 showed increased expression of antiapoptotic maker MFN-2 and decreased expression of miR-15a-5p, Drp1, and PUMA in treatment groups suggesting their cardioprotective role in attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy. An analysis of the docking results shows that ES-37 has greater binding affinity with the target proteins compared to L-37, with the highest binding values reported for MFN-2. ConclusionThe physiochemical properties of ES-37 and L-37 predicted it as a good drug-like molecule and its mechanism of action is predictably through inhibition of ROS. Molecular docking results shows that the polymer ES-37 has greater binding affinity with the target proteins compared to L-37, with the highest binding values reported for MFN-2. Thus, the study validates the role and targeting of miR-15a-5p and MFN-2 in cardiac hypertrophy as well as the therapeutic potential of NAC, ES-37, and L-37 in overcoming oxidative stress and myocardial damage.

Exploring the Effects of Incorporating Egg Powder Containing Phospholipase α2 Antibody on Ground Striploin Shelf-Life

Lipid oxidation in beef may be enhanced by the hydrolysis of phospholipids by phospholipaseα2 (PLA2) during postmortem storage. Anti-phospholipaseα2 (aPLA2) is an antibody that can inhibit PLA2 activity. Past research has shown that aPLA2 can be mass-produced in the form of egg powder (EP) from hens immunized against PLA2. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of incorporating different levels of EP containing aPLA2 into ground striploin (GS) to assess its ability to extend beef shelf-life. Ten striploins were collected from 10 USDA Choice beef carcasses. Each striploin was ground and equally divided into 4 batches, and each batch was mixed with 0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, or 1.6% dried EP containing aPLA2. Each treatment batch was further divided into 3 smaller batches and subjected to retail display (0, 4, or 7d). Color descriptors, pH, proximate analysis, lipid oxidation, antioxidant capacity, and phospholipid and fatty acid (FA) profiles were measured. Percent visual discoloration and instrumental color measurements of GS were unaffected by aPLA2 EP treatments (P&amp;gt;0.05). The 1.6% treatment GS had a higher relative percentage of phosphatidylcholine compared with those from the 0% treatment (P&amp;lt;0.05), but the lack of lysophosphatidylcholine generation in the GS from any treatment reflects a lack of detectable level of PLA2 activity. Moreover, the addition of EP in GS increased the relative percentage of FA 11-18:1, 18:2, 20:1, and 22:6 (P&amp;lt;0.05). As a result, there was more lipid oxidation for GS from the 1.6% treatment compared with those from the 0% treatment (P&amp;lt;0.05), but GS from the 0.8% treatment showed higher antioxidant activity than those from the 0% treatment (P&amp;lt;0.05). In this study, the addition of EP containing aPLA2 did not demonstrate any effect to extend shelf-life when incorporated into GS.

Determining weathering-induced heterogeneous oxidation profiles of polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Weathering-induced polymer degradation is typically heterogeneous which plays an integral part in fragmentation. Despite that, the current selection of techniques to investigate such heterogeneities, especially beneath the sample surface, is sparse. We introduce Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) as an analytical tool and evaluate its performance for depth profiling. Three types of polymers were selected (polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene) that were aged under controlled conditions. We demonstrate that LIBS can detect heterogeneous oxidation on the surface and inside the samples. The results reveal that different oxidation behaviors are linked to the sample's lattice structure and the subsequent formation of microcracks. This implies that LIBS is beneficial to give additional insights into the weathering and degradation behavior of environmentally relevant plastics.

Curculigo pilosa rhizome Supplementation Reverses P-Hydroxyacetanilide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile Dysfunction in Rats

Exposure to drug toxicity results in stress and dysfunction of metabolizing enzymes that cause illnesses and diseases. Consumption of medicinal plant rhizomes is a regime for managing the complications. On the activities of some oxidative stress marker enzymes (catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase), as well as the concentration of lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids) of p-hydroxyacetanilide (pPHA)-induced toxicity in rats, the effects of an aqueous extract of Curculigo pilosa (C. pilosa) rhizome were assessed. Forty rats were randomly grouped into eight groups (n = 5). The control group; aqueous extract of C. pilosa rhizome group; 750 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg per body weight of pPHA group; the preventive groups (aqueous extract of C. pilosa rhizome and 750 mg/kg per body weight of pPHA; aqueous extract of C. pilosa rhizomes and 1000 mg/kg per body weight of pPHA); and the curative groups (750 mg/kg per body weight of pPHA and aqueous extract of C. pilosa rhizome; 1000 mg/kg body weight of pPHA and aqueous extract of C. pilosa rhizome). The oxidative stress marker enzymes and lipid profiles were analyzed spectrophotometrically in the serum, kidney, brain, and liver of the animals on the seventh and fourteenth days after the administrations. The results show that pPHA decreases the oxidative stress marker activities and the lipid profile concentrations in all the compartments, but the pre- and post-treatment with an aqueous extract of C. pilosa rhizome improved the activities of the stress marker enzymes and the lipid profiles dysfunction. The result suggests that an aqueous extract of C. pilosa rhizome has preventive and curative therapeutic potential for pPHA-induced toxicity.

Evaluation of human skin response to solar-simulated radiation in an ex vivo model: Effects and photoprotection of L-Carnosine.

Sunlight, and more specifically the UV component, induces several skin damages, including sunburns, erythema and photoaging. The purpose of this work is to set up an ex vivo human skin model to assess the capacity of active principles in protecting skin from the deleterious effects of solar radiation. Ex vivo human skin biopsies were cultured in an air-liquid interface and exposed to solar-simulated radiation (SSR, 300-750 nm). L-Carnosine (0.2% and 2%) was applied topically to be tested as photoprotective compound. The effect on oxidative stress induction, photoaging and skin transcriptional profile was assessed by evaluating reactive oxygen species, advanced glycosylation end products formation and gene expression changes. In our model, SSR increases ROS production and AGE accumulation and affects the expression of genes related to oxidative stress, pigmentation, immunity, inflammation and photoaging. Among these pathways, 11 genes were selected as biomarkers to evaluate the skin solar radiation response. Results showed that L-Carnosine provides effective prevention against solar radiation damages reducing ROS, AGEs and mitigating the modulation of the selected biomarker genes. In conclusion, we report that our ex vivo skin model is a valuable system to assess the consequences of solar light exposure and the capacity of topically applied L-Carnosine to counteract them.

Oxidative stress as the bridge between dyslipidemia and peritoneal ultrafiltration failure: A bi-center cross-sectional cohort study

stress and dyslipidemia are common concerns in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. However, the interplay between these factors and their impact on peritoneal ultrafiltration (UF) remains poorly understood.&#x0D; Methods: In this bi-center cross-sectional cohort study, we examined the relationships between dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and peritoneal UF in patients undergoing PD. A comprehensive set of oxidative stress markers, lipid profiles, and clinical variables were assessed.&#x0D; Results. Among the 114 patients, aged 55 (48-65) years, with a dialysis vintage of 31 (14-50) months, 76 (66.7%) were diagnosed with dyslipidemia. Patients with dyslipidemia experienced significantly higher proportions of patients with peritoneal UF below 400 mL per day, suggesting ultrafiltration failure (UFF) (χ2 = 4.9, p = 0.02). An elevated D/P creatinine ratio was associated with higher levels of total cholesterol (r = 0.39, p = 0.0005), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.26, p = 0.02), triglycerides (r = 0.33, p = 0.005), and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (r = 0.27, p = 0.01). UF rate displayed a positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.31, p = 0.003) and a negative correlation with AIP (r = -0.33, p = 0.004). The ROC analysis revealed that an AIP value exceeding 4.3 could effectively predict UFF, with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 73.4%&#x0D; Dyslipidemia was significantly associated with increased intensity of oxidative stress, with elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) (p = 0.0002), oxidative stress index (OSI) (p &lt; 0.0001), and reduced antioxidant markers. UFF was also associated with higher oxidative stress, as indicated by increased MDA (p = 0.005) and OSI (p = 0.0009). Patients with both dyslipidemia and UFF exhibited the highest levels of oxidative stress (p &lt; 0.0001). Taking potential confounders into account in the ANCOVA analysis, a significant interaction effect of dyslipidemia (F = 7.6, p = 0.007) and UF rate (F = 8.6, p = 0.004) on oxidative stress was observed.&#x0D; Conclusion. Dyslipidemia and UFF are independently associated with elevated oxidative stress in PD patients, and their coexistence exacerbates this oxidative burden. Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing interventions to improve clinical outcomes in this population. Targeted therapies addressing oxidative stress and dyslipidemia warrant further investigation.

The effect of propolis supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in women with rheumatoid arthritis: A double-blind, placebo, controlled randomized clinical trial.

Propolis has gained popularity in recent years because of its beneficial properties, which make it a possible preventative and therapeutic agent as well as a valuable food and cosmetic ingredient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of propolis supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in women with rheumatoid arthritis. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed among 48 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Subjects were randomly assigned to placebo and intervention groups, supplemented with 1000 mg/day of propolis for 12 weeks. Cardiovascular risk factors including, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), Nitric oxide, blood pressure, and lipid profile were assessed pre-and post-intervention. The atherogenic index of plasma value, as well as total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios, were significantly reduced in the intervention group, compared with the placebo group post-intervention (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant reduction in the serum level of hs-CRP in the intervention group when compared with the placebo group (p = 0.001). Furthermore, propolis supplementation could marginally reduce MCP-1 (p = 0.051). These data indicate that propolis supplementation may be a promising treatment strategy for cardiovascular complications among rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Acute effect of a beverage containing Brazil and cashew nuts on oxidative stress, lipemia, and blood pressure of women with cardiometabolic risk (Brazilian Nuts Study): a randomized clinical trial.

Nuts are important sources of antioxidants that combat oxidative stress and improve lipid profile as well as vascular function. However, the intake of typical Brazilian nuts and its acute effect on cardiovascular health needs to be better understood. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of a beverage containing cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) and Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) on postprandial oxidative stress, lipemia, and blood pressure of adult women aged 20 to 55 years with cardiometabolic risk. This was an acute, randomized, parallel arm, controlled clinical trial. The participants received either a beverage containing nuts (30g Brazil nuts + 15g cashew nuts) or a beverage without nuts with similar macronutrient composition. Oxidative stress markers and lipid profiles were evaluated at fasting and 4 h after beverage consumption. Blood pressure was measured during fasting and after beverage intake (1, 2, 3, and 4h). In the postprandial state, there was a greater reduction in malondialdehyde levels in the intervention group compared to the control group (-12.3±0.59vs. -10.7±0.43µmol/mL; p<0.05), which was positively correlated with the concentrations of TG (r=0.399; p<0.05), VLDL (r=0.399; p<0.05), TG/HDL (r=0.380; p<0.05), and blood pressure (iAUC SBP r=0.391; p<0.05, iAUC DBP r=0.409; p<0.05). The remaining oxidative stress markers showed similar postprandial changes between groups. In women with cardiometabolic risk, a beverage containing Brazilian nuts promoted a significant acute reduction on postprandial malondialdehyde levels. The study was registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry-ReBEC (protocol: RBR-3ntxrm).

Abstract P3182: Promoting Mitophagy By Enhanced Fatty Acid Oxidation Improves Phenotypes Of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Although metabolic remodeling is known to contribute to the development of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), the role of energy metabolism in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is poorly understood. Here we assessed cardiac energy metabolism in both HFpEF and HFrEF mice by multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy. HFpEF was induced by a 2-hit of high fat diet (HFD) and Nω-nitrol-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME, in drinking water) for 10 weeks. Mice fed with chow diet, HFD or L-NAME administration alone were used as controls. HFpEF phenotypes were assessed as the exercise intolerance, pulmonary congestion, high E/e’ by echocardiography and left shift of pressure-volume relationship obtained from isolated hearts. High energy phosphate content, assessed by 31P NMR spectroscopy of isolated perfused hearts, showed a lower phosphocreatine (PCr) content in HFpEF hearts while ATP level was unaltered compared to all the controls, resulting a reduced PCr/ATP ratio similar to that in HFrEF induced by TAC. Decreased respiratory function and increased ROS production were observed in mitochondria isolated from HFpEF hearts suggesting mitochondrial dysfunction. Cardiac substrate oxidation profile, assessed by 13C-isotopmer analysis, showed a high dependency on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in HFpEF hearts, which is opposite of HFrEF but similar to that in HFD hearts. However, PCr/ATP ratio and mitochondrial function were sustained in the HFD hearts with the same duration of treatment. We found that mitophagy was activated in HFD heart but did not change in HFpEF hearts despite similar extent of obesity suggesting that HFpEF heart is maladaptive to the metabolic stress. Promoting mitophagy by TAT-Beclin1 treatment improved mitochondrial function in HFpEF hearts and partially rescued cardiac diastolic dysfunction and lung congestion. Furthermore, enhancing FAO in HFpEF hearts by deleting acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 stimulated mitophagy and improved HFpEF phenotypes. In summary, our results show that mitochondrial dysfunction is an important pathogenic mechanism for cardiac dysfunction in HFpEF. Maladaptation to metabolic stress in HFpEF hearts impairs mitochondrial quality control which can be improved by stimulating FAO.

Short-Term Storage of Rooster Ejaculates: Sperm Quality and Bacterial Profile Differences in Selected Commercial Extenders.

Bacterial contamination of semen has become an important contributor to the reduced shelf life of insemination doses in the poultry industry, which is why antibiotics (ATBs) are an important component of semen extenders. Due to a global rise in antimicrobial resistance, the aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of selected commercially available semen extenders to prevent possible bacterial contamination of rooster ejaculates. Two selected extenders free from or containing 31.2 µg/mL kanamycin (KAN) were used to process semen samples from 63 healthy Lohmann Brown roosters. Phosphate-buffered saline without ATBs was used as a control. The extended samples were stored at 4 °C for 24 h. Sperm motility, viability, mitochondrial activity, DNA integrity and the oxidative profile of each extended sample were assessed following 2 h and 24 h of storage. Furthermore, selective media were used to quantify the bacterial load and specific bacterial species were identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The results indicate that semen extenders enriched with KAN ensured a significantly higher preservation of sperm quality in comparison to their KAN-free counterparts. Bacterial load was significantly decreased in diluents supplemented with ATBs (p ≤ 0.001); however, KAN alone was not effective enough to eradicate all bacteria since several Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and Micrococcus luteus were retrieved from samples extended in KAN-supplemented commercial extenders. As such, we may suggest that more focus should be devoted to the selection of an optimal combination and dose of antibiotics for poultry extenders, which should be accompanied by a more frequent bacteriological screening of native as well as extended poultry semen.